BIM-driven tunnel construction full life cycle management method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM-driven tunnel construction full life cycle management method and system, and relates to the technical field of industrial data processing and analysis, and the method comprises the steps: building a BIM model covering the full life cycle of a tunnel and a data mapping linkage relation; collecting monitoring data, accessing the monitoring data to the BIM model, and performing dynamic linkage evaluation to obtain a construction state result; and constructing a safety management mechanism according to an evaluation result and feeding back field guidance. The technical problem that in tunnel construction full-life-cycle management, a traditional industrial data processing mode cannot achieve full-life-cycle integration and cross-stage linkage of multi-source industrial data in the stages of design, construction and operation and maintenance is solved. The technical effects of full-life-cycle integration and cross-stage linkage processing of the industrial data in tunnel design, construction and operation and maintenance stages, improvement of the comprehensiveness, collaboration and timeliness of industrial data processing, and accurate acquisition of the construction state to optimize on-site safety management are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of industrial data processing and analysis, and in particular to a BIM-driven tunnel construction full life cycle management method and system. Background Art

[0002] The full lifecycle management of tunnel construction involves processing massive amounts of industrial data, the accuracy of which is crucial to project safety, efficiency, and operations. Existing technologies often employ independent management models for the design, construction, and operations phases of tunnel projects, relying on manual recording and traditional monitoring equipment (such as single-point sensors) to acquire local data, supplemented by simple statistical tools for processing. These methods play a fundamental role in scenarios with simple processes or stable environments, but they exhibit significant limitations in the full lifecycle management of complex tunnel projects.

[0003] The traditional model lacks the ability to integrate the entire life cycle of multi-source industrial data such as design parameters, construction processes, and operation and maintenance monitoring. The data at each stage are isolated and fragmented, and it is impossible to establish a cross-stage data mapping and logical linkage mechanism. As a result, industrial data processing only remains at the single-stage local analysis level, making it difficult to comprehensively evaluate the impact of full-process data correlation on the construction status. Safety risk warnings are delayed, and it is unable to meet the needs of intelligent and precise management of tunnel projects for in-depth processing and dynamic collaboration of industrial data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a BIM-driven full life cycle management method and system for tunnel construction, which is used to solve the technical problem that traditional industrial data processing methods cannot achieve full life cycle integration and cross-stage linkage of multi-source industrial data in the design, construction, and operation and maintenance stages in the full life cycle management of tunnel construction.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a BIM-driven full life cycle management method for tunnel construction, the method comprising: establishing a BIM model covering the entire life cycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, including a data mapping linkage relationship between each life cycle; collecting monitoring data for the entire life cycle, connecting the monitoring data to the BIM model according to the life cycle nodes, realizing dynamic linkage between the BIM model and on-site monitoring data, and conducting construction evaluation in combination with the data mapping linkage relationship between the life cycles to obtain a construction status evaluation result; constructing a safety management mechanism based on the construction status evaluation result, and feeding back the feedback to the on-site terminal for management guidance.

[0006] The second aspect of the present application provides a tunnel construction full life cycle management system driven by BIM, the system comprising: a BIM model construction module for establishing a BIM model covering the entire life cycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, including a data mapping linkage relationship between each life cycle; a construction evaluation execution module for collecting monitoring data for the entire life cycle, connecting the monitoring data to the BIM model according to the life cycle nodes, realizing dynamic linkage between the BIM model and on-site monitoring data, and performing construction evaluation in combination with the data mapping linkage relationship between the life cycles to obtain a construction status evaluation result; a safety management mechanism construction module for constructing a safety management mechanism based on the construction status evaluation result, and feeding back to the on-site terminal for management guidance.

[0007] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0008] This application establishes a BIM model covering the entire life cycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, collects monitoring data from each stage and connects it to the model according to nodes, realizes dynamic linkage between the BIM model and on-site data, and conducts construction evaluation in combination with the data mapping linkage relationship of each life cycle. By analyzing the association relationship between components in each stage, parameter mapping and logical linkage interfaces are established to realize cross-stage data transmission and status feedback, and a safety management mechanism is constructed based on the evaluation results and fed back to the on-site terminal. This solution solves the problems of data isolation and insufficient cross-stage coordination in traditional management, realizes data penetration, dynamic analysis and precise control throughout the entire life cycle of tunnel construction, improves the comprehensiveness and management efficiency of construction safety evaluation, and achieves the full life cycle integration and cross-stage linkage processing of industrial data in the tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance stages, improves the comprehensiveness, coordination and timeliness of industrial data processing, and accurately obtains the construction status to optimize the technical effect of on-site safety management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0012] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: BIM model construction module 1, construction evaluation execution module 2, safety management mechanism construction module 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] This application provides a BIM-driven full life cycle management method and system for tunnel construction, which is used to solve the technical problem that traditional industrial data processing methods cannot achieve full life cycle integration and cross-stage linkage of multi-source industrial data in the design, construction, and operation and maintenance stages in the full life cycle management of tunnel construction.

[0014] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0015] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0016] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, a BIM-driven tunnel construction full life cycle management method includes:

[0017] Step A100: Establish a BIM model covering the entire life cycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, including the data mapping and linkage relationship between each life cycle.

[0018] Specifically, establishing a BIM model covering the entire life cycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance includes: building a design phase model based on design information, dynamically integrating construction phase data features into the design model to form a construction phase model, connecting operation and maintenance phase monitoring and maintenance data to the construction phase model to update component health status to form an operation and maintenance model, and establishing component parameter mapping relationships and logical linkage interfaces between the three types of models to achieve information transmission and status response feedback between different life cycles. The specific steps are detailed in A110-A140.

[0019] Step A200: Collect monitoring data for the entire life cycle, connect the monitoring data to the BIM model according to the life cycle nodes, realize dynamic linkage between the BIM model and the on-site monitoring data, and conduct construction evaluation in combination with the data mapping linkage relationship between the life cycles to obtain the construction status evaluation results.

[0020] In the embodiment of the present application, the lifecycle nodes are different stages of the entire life cycle of tunnel construction, namely the design, construction, and operation and maintenance stages. Each stage serves as a node, corresponding to different data access and processing.

[0021] Optionally, obtaining the construction status evaluation results includes inputting the collected real-time data of tunnel construction into the BIM model to perform status analysis of the current stage based on the corresponding life cycle stage to obtain the current results, and transmitting data of each stage according to the component mapping relationship through the logical linkage interface, and performing status analysis of each stage according to the logical linkage rules to obtain results of other stages. The specific steps are detailed in A210-A220.

[0022] Step A300: Build a safety management mechanism based on the construction status evaluation results and feed back to the on-site terminal for management guidance.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present application, first, after the BIM model completes the construction status evaluation and generates a report containing the location of abnormal components, deviation types and risk levels, the system automatically parses the key information in the report, such as identifying problems such as insufficient strength of a certain section of lining concrete or substandard anchoring force of a certain anchor rod. Then, according to the preset safety management rule library (such as construction specifications, emergency plans), corresponding management instructions are automatically generated for different types of construction deviations or quality risks. For example, if the evaluation results show that the concrete pouring temperature exceeds the standard, the system triggers an instruction to suspend pouring and adjust temperature control measures; if it is found that the anchor rod bearing capacity is insufficient, an operation plan for additional anchor rods and re-testing is generated.

[0024] Then, through a logical linkage interface, management instructions are converted into a format recognizable by on-site terminals (such as construction personnel's mobile devices and on-site control systems), such as text messages, app notifications, or automated control signals. These instructions are then located to the specific construction site according to the component's unique coding identifier, ensuring accurate transmission of the instructions to the responsible area. After receiving the instructions at the on-site terminal, the construction personnel or automated equipment immediately execute the corresponding operation, such as adjusting concrete mixing parameters or performing additional anchor bolting operations. The processing results are then fed back to the BIM model in real time through the terminal.

[0025] At the same time, the safety management mechanism must also have dynamic adjustment capabilities. When on-site implementation differs from expected results (e.g., after additional anchor bolting, testing still fails to meet standards), the BIM model combines new monitoring data to re-evaluate the status and generate iteratively optimized management instructions until the problem is completely resolved. Furthermore, the system automatically records the execution process and results of all management instructions, forming a safety management log that provides experience reference and accountability for subsequent construction.

[0026] Through the above steps, the problems of delayed problem response and ambiguous instruction transmission in traditional construction management have been solved. The safety management mechanism is driven in real time and accurately through the construction status evaluation results, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of tunnel construction safety management.

[0027] Furthermore, step A100 in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0028] A110: Establish a tunnel design BIM model in the design phase based on tunnel design information.

[0029] A120: Analyze the data characteristics, construction structure status and process logic information during the construction phase, and dynamically integrate them into the tunnel design BIM model to form a dynamically updated construction phase BIM model.

[0030] A130: The structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data from the operation and maintenance phase are connected to the construction phase BIM model, and the health status of each structure in the model is updated based on the monitoring results to form an operation and maintenance BIM model.

[0031] A140: A mapping relationship of component parameters and a logical linkage interface are established between the tunnel design BIM model, the construction phase BIM model, and the operation and maintenance BIM model to realize data transmission and status response feedback between different life cycles of information, and to construct the BIM model of the entire life cycle.

[0032] Specifically, to establish a BIM model in the design phase based on the tunnel design information, it is necessary to extract component geometry information, material properties, etc. and assign unique codes, and to construct the model in three-dimensional space according to the structural connection relationship and design parameters of the design drawings. The specific steps are detailed in A111-A112.

[0033] Analyze the actual process, resource allocation and other data during the construction phase, access the design BIM model according to the correspondence between component construction and design, realize component information linkage with unique coding, and form a dynamically updated construction phase model. The specific steps are detailed in A121.

[0034] Based on the reserved operation and maintenance information in the design phase, a mapping relationship between monitoring data and component attributes is established. Operation and maintenance monitoring and maintenance data are accessed according to the unique component code and spatial location. The component status attributes are updated to form an operation and maintenance BIM model. The specific steps are described in detail in A131-A132.

[0035] Analyze the association relationship between components in each stage, establish the component parameter mapping relationship of the cross-stage model according to the unique code, and establish a logical linkage interface including data interface and linkage rules based on the mapping relationship to achieve cross-model data synchronization feedback when the component status changes, and then build a BIM model for the entire life cycle. The specific steps are detailed in A141-A143.

[0036] Furthermore, step A110 in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0037] A111: Based on the tunnel design information, extract the geometric information, material properties, geological parameters, construction process nodes and operation and maintenance reserved information of the tunnel structural components, and assign a unique coding identifier to each component.

[0038] A112: According to the structural connection relationship between the tunnel structural components in the tunnel design drawings and in combination with the design parameters of the tunnel structural components, the tunnel design BIM model is constructed in three-dimensional space.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the operation and maintenance reserved information is pre-embedded data in the tunnel design information used to support the management of the operation and maintenance phase, including the setting location of the structural health monitoring points, the interface parameters required for maintenance operations, etc.

[0040] Optionally, first, multi-dimensional basic data is extracted from the tunnel design information (obtained by technical personnel in this field based on relevant information during the tunnel design phase), including geometric information of tunnel structural components (such as cross-sectional dimensions, spatial positioning), material properties (such as concrete strength grade, steel yield strength), geological parameters (such as surrounding rock grade, groundwater distribution), construction process nodes (such as excavation method, support sequence), and operation and maintenance reserved information (such as embedded position of monitoring points, maintenance channel interface), and a unique coding identifier is assigned to each component as a data tag throughout the entire life cycle.

[0041] After the above data extraction is completed, it is necessary to construct a three-dimensional tunnel design BIM model based on the structural connection relationship between components clearly defined in the tunnel design drawings (such as the anchoring method of the lining and anchor rods, the sequence of segment splicing, etc.), as well as the extracted design parameters (such as the load size borne by the components, the allowable deformation limit, etc.). The specific process is as follows:

[0042] First, parametric modeling technology is used to transform the geometric figures in the two-dimensional design drawings into three-dimensional ones, giving the tunnel structural components precise spatial coordinates, dimensions and other geometric properties. For example, the thickness and curvature of the tunnel lining, the length and spacing of the anchor rods, etc. are determined.

[0043] Secondly, the extracted non-geometric information, such as material properties and geological parameters, is associated with the 3D geometric model. For example, the lining components are assigned physical properties such as the strength grade and elastic modulus of concrete, and the surrounding rock grade and groundwater pressure parameters obtained from geological surveys are associated with the surrounding rock area. This ensures that the model not only has a visual spatial form but also contains real physical properties.

[0044] Then, according to the structural connection relationship between components in the design drawings, logical associations between the components are established. For example, the splicing constraints between the segments and the anchoring mechanical relationship between the anchor rods and the lining are defined to ensure that the model can accurately reflect the force transmission and deformation coordination mechanism of the actual structure.

[0045] Finally, through parametric programming or modeling software rule settings, the design parameters (such as component loads and deformation limits) are converted into the logical rules of the model. For example, a rule is set to automatically warn the model when the component load exceeds the design load threshold, or a mechanism is set to trigger the model status update when the deformation reaches the limit, making the three-dimensional BIM model a digital carrier that contains physical properties, spatial relationships and logical rules.

[0046] Through the above steps, not only are the two-dimensional drawings converted into three-dimensional BIM models that intuitively present the design intent, but by implanting parametric technology and logical rules, standardized data interfaces are reserved for subsequent applications such as process simulation and resource allocation in the construction phase, and monitoring data access and health status analysis in the operation and maintenance phase, thus ensuring data connectivity and collaborative management throughout the entire life cycle.

[0047] Furthermore, step A120 in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0048] A121: Analyze the actual construction process, resource allocation, process logic information, construction environment information and construction structure status in tunnel construction, and connect them to the tunnel design BIM model according to the correspondence between component construction and design to form a construction phase BIM model, and use the unique coding identification of each component to link component information.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, the construction structure status is the actual working status of the tunnel structure components during the tunnel construction process, including physical parameters such as the stress condition, displacement deviation, deformation degree, and whether the status information meets the design requirements, which is used to reflect the safety and stability of the structure during the tunnel construction process.

[0050] Specifically, first, a comprehensive analysis of the multi-dimensional data of the construction phase is carried out: through sensors, monitoring systems and manual records at the construction site, real-time data such as actual construction procedures (such as the sequence of drilling and blasting, support, and lining), resource allocation (such as material usage, equipment operating status, and personnel configuration), process logic information (such as the prerequisites and dependencies of each process), construction environment information (such as temperature and humidity, dust concentration, and surrounding rock deformation), and construction structure status (such as component stress and displacement deviation) are collected.

[0051] Next, the multi-dimensional data collected during the construction phase is parsed. This involves analyzing data characteristics, construction structure status, and process logic information. Specifically, this includes determining whether the construction process complies with the design logic, analyzing whether there are any anomalies in resource allocation, verifying whether construction environment parameters exceed safety thresholds, and evaluating whether the construction structure status (such as component stress and displacement deviation) meets design requirements. Through the above analysis, effective information is extracted, laying the foundation for dynamic integration into the tunnel design BIM model.

[0052] The construction process of the BIM model in the construction phase must be based on the BIM model in the design phase, and is achieved through data analysis, corresponding association, dynamic integration and information linkage, as follows:

[0053] First, the analyzed construction data is integrated into the tunnel design BIM model established during the design phase, following the correspondence between component construction and design. For example, for tunnel lining components, the actual pouring time and concrete strength growth data are correlated with the planned pouring time and strength design values ​​for the component in the design model. This comparison creates a dynamic record of construction progress and quality. For anchor components, actual placement and insertion depth data are compared with the design parameters and then integrated into the corresponding model component, visually demonstrating construction deviations.

[0054] During this process, each component's unique code is used as a label for data association. Code matching ensures that construction data is accurately bound to specific components in the model, ensuring that construction data accurately corresponds to specific components in the model, avoiding data confusion. For example, the unique code of a lining component is TUN-01-001. Its corresponding construction pouring data, quality inspection reports, etc. are all linked one-to-one with the model component through this code, achieving accurate data traceability.

[0055] After completing the above steps, the BIM model of the construction phase is constructed and dynamically updated, reflecting the on-site construction progress (such as the completion status of each process), quality (such as the compliance rate of component parameters) and safety status (such as whether environmental parameters exceed the limit and whether there are abnormal stresses in the structure) in real time, providing real-time and accurate decision-making basis for construction management.

[0056] Furthermore, by leveraging the component information linkage mechanism, the BIM model can automatically trigger logic checks and status warnings during the construction phase. For example, when a component's construction deviation exceeds the design allowable range, the model automatically flags the anomaly based on pre-set rules and sends a warning message. It also links the upstream and downstream processes and related components that affect the component, forming a dynamic chain reaction analysis of the construction process. This enables construction management to be carried out based on real-time, accurate model data.

[0057] By analyzing multi-source data during the construction phase and achieving dynamic integration and information linkage with the design model based on unique coding, the problems of lagging construction data and disconnection between the model and the site in existing technologies are solved, and the effect of building a dynamic BIM model that reflects the construction status in real time is achieved, thereby improving the visualization and refined management level of the construction process.

[0058] Furthermore, step A130 in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0059] A131: Based on the operation and maintenance reservation information in the design phase, establish a data mapping relationship between structural health monitoring data and BIM component properties.

[0060] A132: Based on the unique coding identification and spatial position of the component, combined with the data mapping relationship, the structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data of the operation and maintenance phase are connected to the BIM model of the construction phase, and the component status attributes are updated to form the operation and maintenance BIM model.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the operation and maintenance reserved information is pre-embedded data in the tunnel design information used to support the management of the operation and maintenance phase, including the setting location of the structural health monitoring points, the interface parameters required for maintenance operations, etc.

[0062] Specifically, first, in the design phase, operation and maintenance reserved information (such as sensor layout location, structural partition number, inspection route planning, etc.) is extracted, and data mapping rules are established between structural health monitoring data (such as displacement, settlement, stress, crack width) and maintenance operation data (such as equipment start and stop records, maintenance work orders, inspection logs) and BIM component attributes (such as component type, spatial coordinates, design parameters). For example, the crack monitoring points of the tunnel lining are bound to the crack status attribute fields of the corresponding components in the model to form an initial data docking framework.

[0063] After entering the operation and maintenance phase, IoT sensors collect real-time structural monitoring data (such as GNSS displacement monitoring and stress counter values) and equipment status data (such as ventilation system operating parameters and drainage pump working status). Maintenance operation data (such as historical repair records and defect locations discovered during inspections) is also manually entered. Based on the component's unique coding identifier and spatial location coordinates, the system matches various data types with corresponding components in the construction phase BIM model. For example, if a section of lining component is retrieved through coding, the component's real-time settlement data is automatically entered into the model's settlement attribute field. The treatment measures in the maintenance work order are also linked to the model's maintenance history module.

[0064] Next, the incoming monitoring data is analyzed using a preset structural condition assessment algorithm (such as a threshold-based health grade classification algorithm). The algorithm first sets safety thresholds for different monitoring parameters (assuming the anchor stress design threshold is 100kN). When the stress monitoring value of a particular anchor (e.g., 85kN) exceeds 80% of the design threshold (i.e., 80kN), the algorithm triggers a risk warning mechanism through data comparison. Based on the preset grade rules (e.g., a threshold of 80%-90% is an orange warning), the component health grade is automatically marked as orange warning, and the location of the abnormal component is visualized in the operation and maintenance BIM model through color coding (e.g., orange highlighting).

[0065] At the same time, the system calls maintenance historical data (such as past maintenance records of the anchor rod and failure cases of similar components), combines it with preset operation and maintenance rules (such as when the stress exceeds the threshold of 80%, retesting is required within 3 days), and generates structured maintenance suggestions (such as recommending retesting the anchor rod stress within 3 days), and integrates the suggestion information into the decision-making assistance module of the operation and maintenance BIM model for reference and execution by operation and maintenance personnel.

[0066] Finally, raw monitoring data and maintenance records are converted into structured model attribute updates, forming an O&M BIM model with time-series data traceability (e.g., component settlement over time), maintenance history visualization (e.g., repair record timeline), and risk warning capabilities. This model not only reflects component operating status in real time but also optimizes O&M strategies through data accumulation, for example, predicting future maintenance needs based on historical crack development data.

[0067] Through the above steps, the problems of data fragmentation and delayed response in traditional operation and maintenance management have been solved, and the effect of visualizing tunnel operation and maintenance status, intelligent risk warning and scientific decision support has been achieved by building an operation and maintenance BIM model.

[0068] Furthermore, step A140 in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0069] A141: Analyze the relationship between tunnel structural components during the design phase, construction phase, and operation and maintenance phase.

[0070] A142: Based on the association relationship, a component parameter mapping relationship is established between the tunnel design BIM model, the construction phase BIM model, and the operation and maintenance BIM model according to the unique coding identification of the component, which is used for parameter tracking of the component throughout the entire life cycle.

[0071] A143: Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, a logical linkage interface including a data interface and logical linkage rules is established. When a component status change occurs, data synchronization feedback is performed between the tunnel design BIM model, the construction phase BIM model, and the operation and maintenance BIM model through the logical linkage interface.

[0072] Specifically, first, analyze the core characteristics and constraint characteristics of the components in the design stage, and based on this, analyze the construction process characteristics and establish the construction impact response relationship between them and the component characteristics. Then, combine the component operation status characteristics analysis to obtain the operation and maintenance related characteristics, and finally integrate to form the three-stage component association relationship. The specific steps are detailed in A141-1-141-4.

[0073] Next, starting with the design phase, each tunnel structural component is assigned a unique code while extracting design parameters such as geometry and material properties. Using design drawings and BIM modeling software, this code is then linked to the component's 3D model and design parameters (such as lining thickness and anchor diameter), forming the initial parameter system for the BIM model during the design phase.

[0074] During the construction phase, actual construction data (such as lining pouring time and anchor bolt installation angle deviation) is matched with the coded parameters from the design phase based on the unique component code. For example, the actual installation angle data of a certain anchor bolt during construction is linked to the corresponding component in the design model through the code. The system automatically compares the design parameters (such as a designed angle of 45°) with the actual parameters (such as a measured angle of 40°), generates a construction deviation record, and updates it to the construction phase BIM model using the code as an index, achieving dynamic mapping of construction parameters and design parameters.

[0075] During the operation and maintenance phase, structural health monitoring data (such as lining crack growth rate and anchor force values) are linked to coded components in the construction phase model through the unique component codes and spatial locations. For example, when operation and maintenance monitoring detects cracks in a lining component corresponding to a code, the system uses the code to trace the component's design parameters (such as concrete strength grade) and construction records (such as pouring date and curing time). Combined with the monitoring data, the component's status attributes are updated to form an operation and maintenance BIM model that encompasses all parameters from design, construction, and operation and maintenance.

[0076] After completing the above steps, a parameter mapping relationship is established between the design, construction, and operation and maintenance models, using the component's unique code as the data link. This forms a full lifecycle data chain, from initialization of design parameters to dynamic updating of construction parameters and continuous tracking of operation and maintenance parameters. Parameter changes for each component are transmitted across stages through coding. For example, material property parameters in the design stage are modified by process parameters in the construction stage and then transferred to health assessment parameters in the operation and maintenance stage, ensuring that parameter queries at any stage can be traced back to the associated data in other stages.

[0077] Then, based on the component parameter mapping relationship, the logical linkage rules of the tunnel structure components at each stage are extracted. Combined with this relationship, a data interface is established and the rules are configured to construct a logical linkage interface. The specific steps are described in detail in A143-1-A143-2.

[0078] Finally, when a component's status changes (such as an anchor bolt installation angle deviation exceeding the design range during construction, or cracks appearing in the lining during operation and maintenance), each model feeds back the processing results through a logical linkage interface, forming a closed loop. For example, if the operation and maintenance model detects abnormal anchor bolt stress, the interface synchronizes this data with the construction model to trace the installation process and simultaneously triggers the design model to conduct a durability review. This synchronized data feedback between the three models completes the construction of a complete BIM model for the entire lifecycle.

[0079] By analyzing component associations, establishing parameter mapping relationships and logical linkage interfaces, the technical effect of achieving parameter tracking of tunnel components throughout their life cycle and synchronous feedback of data across stages is achieved, thereby enhancing the collaboration and dynamic management capabilities of the BIM model throughout its life cycle.

[0080] Furthermore, steps A141-1-141-4 in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application include:

[0081] A141-1: Analyze component features during the design phase, including component core features and component constraint features.

[0082] A141-2: Based on the component characteristics of the design stage, construction characteristics analysis is performed according to the construction process to obtain construction process characteristics, and a construction impact response relationship between the construction process characteristics and the component core characteristics and component constraint characteristics is established.

[0083] A141-3: Based on the construction impact response relationship, a correlation analysis is performed in combination with the operating status characteristics of the components to obtain operation and maintenance correlation characteristics.

[0084] A141-4: The construction impact response relationship, operation and maintenance related characteristics and design component characteristics are associatively integrated to obtain the association relationship of tunnel structure components in the design stage, construction stage and operation and maintenance stage.

[0085] In one embodiment, first, to analyze the component features in the design stage, technical personnel in this field need to study the tunnel drawings of the project to which they belong and extract parameters, identify the core features of components such as linings and anchors (such as the thickness, curvature, and concrete strength grade of the lining, and the diameter, length, and arrangement spacing of the anchors, which reflect basic properties) and constraint features (such as the component's force threshold, allowable deformation range, connection constraints with surrounding structures, and other parameters that restrict behavior), and structure these features. They are classified and stored according to the component's unique coding identification, and a design stage component feature database containing geometric information, material properties, design parameters, etc. is constructed to provide a standardized data basis for subsequent correlation analysis in the construction and operation and maintenance stages.

[0086] Next, based on the component characteristics of the design phase, construction characteristics analysis is performed according to the construction process (such as excavation, support, lining, etc.) to identify the factors affecting the component characteristics of each process. For example, the stress changes of the surrounding rock caused by the excavation process may affect the stress of the lining components, thereby obtaining the construction process characteristics.

[0087] At the same time, establishing the construction-impact response relationship between construction process characteristics and the core and constraint characteristics of components requires construction process simulation and data modeling. First, analyze the construction process characteristics (such as the construction time of the support process, the anchor installation angle, and the concrete pouring rate), and extract key parameters related to the core characteristics of the component (such as the anchor bearing capacity and the lining strength growth curve) and the constraint characteristics (such as the anchor force threshold and the allowable range of lining deformation). Then, based on historical construction data and mechanical analysis, construct a quantitative correlation model (such as establishing a mathematical relationship between support delay time and anchor bearing capacity attenuation through regression analysis, or using finite element simulation to determine the influence of concrete pouring rate on the internal stress distribution of the lining). This model clearly defines the specific mechanism by which changes in construction process parameters affect the component state. For example, a quantitative relationship can be established that for every 12 hours of support delay, the anchor bearing capacity may decrease by a certain percentage, or a response rule that when the concrete pouring rate exceeds 1.5 times the design value, the risk of early cracking in the lining increases by a certain percentage, thus forming a dynamic mapping relationship between construction process and component characteristics.

[0088] Then, based on the established construction impact-response relationship, a correlation analysis is conducted in combination with the operating status characteristics of the components during the operation and maintenance phase: first, the component characteristic data recorded during the construction phase (such as support strength and construction deviation) and the corresponding impact response parameters are extracted, and at the same time, the operating status data monitored in real time during the operation and maintenance phase (such as the material elastic modulus decrease rate, crack propagation rate, and the frequency of ambient temperature and humidity changes) are collected. Then, a cross-stage data mapping is established through data association algorithms (such as causal analysis and Bayesian networks). For example, the degree of insufficient anchoring force during the construction phase is correlated with the displacement rate of the surrounding rock during the operation and maintenance phase, or the correlation between insufficient concrete strength growth during construction and the incidence of lining cracks during the operation and maintenance phase is analyzed. On this basis, the quantitative connection between the residual impacts of the construction phase (such as insufficient support strength and process deviations) and the performance degradation in the operation and maintenance phase (such as accelerated structural crack expansion and decreased material durability) was identified. For example, it was found that for every 10% lower the support strength in the construction phase than the design value, the crack expansion rate in the operation and maintenance phase increased by an average proportional value, thus forming an operation and maintenance correlation feature that reflects the causal relationship between the construction and operation and maintenance phases, providing a basis for risk prediction throughout the entire life cycle.

[0089] Finally, the construction impact response relationship, operation and maintenance correlation characteristics, and design stage component characteristics are integrated into a multi-level correlation:

[0090] Step a: Based on the unique component coding identification, the core component features (such as lining thickness and anchor diameter) extracted in the design phase and the constraint features (such as force threshold), the construction impact response relationship established in the construction phase (such as the quantitative relationship between support delay and anchor bearing capacity attenuation), and the operation and maintenance related features excavated in the operation and maintenance phase (such as the correlation between construction deviation and operation and maintenance crack expansion) are aligned across stages to ensure that the data in each stage are accurately corresponded based on the same component coding.

[0091] Step b: Using a system dynamics model, the system variables are clarified, and the design characteristics (anchor design diameter), construction process characteristics (installation angle deviation), impact response relationship (anchoring force attenuation coefficient), and operation and maintenance related characteristics (surrounding rock displacement monitoring value) are used as different variables of the system. To determine the functional relationship between the variables, technical personnel in this field establish functional relationships such as the anchoring force and installation angle deviation, anchor design diameter, and surrounding rock displacement monitoring value and anchoring force based on the causal chain of design parameters-construction deviation-operation and maintenance indicators. The parameters in these functional relationships are calibrated and trained using historical data to determine the influence weights of each link, such as the influence coefficient of installation angle deviation on anchoring force, and the influence coefficient of anchoring force change on surrounding rock displacement rate.

[0092] Step c: Validate the association network through a logical verification mechanism, for example by comparing the model's predicted O&M status with actual monitoring data, and adjust the accuracy of the association rules. If the model predicts that O&M cracks caused by insufficient concrete strength during the construction phase are accurate by 85%, the association path is retained. If the correlation between a construction process and an O&M indicator falls below a threshold, the data is reanalyzed or the model structure is adjusted.

[0093] Step c: Through the above steps, a correlation network of tunnel structural components covering the three stages is constructed. This network not only includes the linear transmission path of component parameters in each stage (such as design load → construction force → operation and maintenance deformation), but also covers nonlinear influence relationships (such as the coupling effect of multiple process superposition on component performance). The dynamic linkage of parameters in each stage is displayed through a visual interface. For example, clicking on a crack monitoring point in the operation and maintenance stage can be traced back to the support parameter deviation in the construction stage and the surrounding rock grade parameters in the design stage, forming a component correlation relationship system that is traceable and deducible throughout the entire life cycle.

[0094] By analyzing component characteristics in a hierarchical manner, establishing cross-stage impact-response relationships, and integrating multi-dimensional related factors, the problem of component data fragmentation in existing technologies has been solved. This has achieved the effect of building a full life cycle component association model to support seamless data transmission and collaborative management at all stages of tunnel construction.

[0095] Furthermore, step A143 in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0096] A143-1: Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, the target states and mutual influence characteristics of tunnel structure components in each life cycle stage are analyzed, and the logical linkage rules between component parameters in different stages are extracted.

[0097] A143-2: Based on the logic linkage rules and in combination with the component parameter mapping relationship, a data interface for multi-stage information transmission is established, and the logic linkage rules of the interface are configured to construct the logic linkage interface.

[0098] Optionally, first, based on the established mapping relationship between component parameters in the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases (e.g., associating component parameters in each phase through unique coding), analyze the target state of tunnel structural components in the design phase (e.g., design load, material performance indicators), the actual state in the construction phase (e.g., process deviation, measured component force values), and the degradation state in the operation and maintenance phase (e.g., material aging parameters, structural damage indicators), to identify the causal relationship between parameters in different phases. For example, the design value of the anchor bolt anchorage force in the design phase and the installation angle deviation in the construction phase jointly affect the surrounding rock displacement rate in the operation and maintenance phase. Therefore, it is necessary to extract the logical chain of installation angle deviation → anchorage force attenuation → surrounding rock displacement change to form a cross-phase logical linkage rule.

[0099] Next, the extracted logical linkage rules are converted into computable digital rules. For example, if the angle deviation of the anchor bolt installation exceeds 5° during the construction phase, a rule is automatically triggered to double the monitoring frequency of the component during the operation and maintenance phase. This rule is then embedded into the logical configuration of the data interface through the rule engine algorithm:

[0100] First, a rule, such as automatically triggering a doubling of the monitoring frequency during the operation and maintenance phase when the anchor installation angle deviation exceeds 5° during the construction phase, is defined as a structured expression (e.g., IF [condition] THEN [action]) and converted into a syntax recognizable by the engine (e.g., the rule engine's DRL language). Next, an algorithm parses the data fields in the component parameter mapping (e.g., anchor installation angle, monitoring frequency) and establishes a mapping between the rule conditions and the data fields (e.g., the installation angle deviation corresponds to the anchor installation angle measured value - design value field in the construction phase model). The rule is then deployed to the logic layer of the data interface. When the interface receives data that meets the conditions (e.g., an anchor installation angle deviation of 6°), the algorithm automatically matches the rule conditions and triggers a preset action (e.g., sending a command to the operation and maintenance model to adjust the component monitoring frequency from once a day to twice a day). Cross-model data transmission and status responses are implemented through message middleware (e.g., RabbitMQ, an open source message middleware based on the Advanced Message Queuing Protocol, primarily used for asynchronous communication and messaging between applications), ensuring the real-time and accuracy of the rules.

[0101] At the same time, combined with the component parameter mapping relationship, the transmission protocol and format of the data interface are determined, as shown in Table 1, to ensure that parameter changes in the design phase (such as design load adjustment) can be transmitted to the construction and operation and maintenance phase models in real time through the interface, triggering status responses in the corresponding phases.

[0102] Then, a universal data interface for multiple phases was developed. This interface needed to be compatible with the different data standards of the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases (such as the IFC format for design models, the XML format for construction data, and the JSON format for operation and maintenance monitoring), and configured with the extracted logical linkage rules. For example, if the lining crack growth rate exceeded a threshold during the operation and maintenance phase, the interface would automatically retrieve the component's construction pouring records and design material parameters, analyze the crack's cause using pre-set rules, and feed the analysis results back to the construction phase model for process traceability, while also updating the durability assessment parameters of the design phase.

[0103] After completing the above steps, a logical linkage interface, consisting of data interfaces and rule configurations, was constructed, using component parameter mappings as the data foundation and logical linkage rules as the transmission logic. This enabled the automatic transmission and intelligent linkage of tunnel component parameters across the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases. For example, if the concrete strength grade of a certain section of lining was adjusted during the design phase, the interface automatically transmitted the changed parameters to the construction phase model, prompting the construction team to adjust the mix ratio. The health assessment baseline value for the component was also updated in the operation and maintenance phase model, forming a closed-loop response from design change to construction adjustment to operation and maintenance monitoring.

[0104] By extracting cross-stage logical linkage rules, configuring data interface transmission rules, and developing multi-stage compatible interfaces, we achieved the effect of realizing cross-stage automatic feedback of component status changes through logical linkage interfaces, thereby improving the coordination and dynamic response capabilities of tunnel life cycle management.

[0105] Table 1: Logical linkage rules and data interface configuration table.

[0106]

[0107] Furthermore, step A200 in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0108] A210: Input the collected real-time data of tunnel construction into the BIM model, perform a status analysis of the current stage based on the corresponding life cycle stage, and obtain a current construction status evaluation result.

[0109] A220: Through the logical linkage interface, data of each stage is transmitted according to the mapping relationship of the components, and the status of each stage is analyzed through the logical linkage rules to obtain the construction status evaluation results of other stages.

[0110] In one embodiment, monitoring data from the design, construction, and maintenance phases, including structural deformation, material properties, and environmental parameters, is first collected in real time through a sensor network (e.g., displacement meters, strain gauges, and environmental monitoring equipment). This data is then categorized and stored in a data center according to lifecycle milestones (e.g., design briefing, construction process acceptance, and maintenance inspection cycles). Subsequently, data interfaces are used to bind various types of monitoring data to the unique component identifiers in the BIM model. For example, the actual installation angle data of anchor bolts during construction is linked to the corresponding component's construction model node. This allows the monitoring data to be linked to the spatial location and attributes of the 3D model, forming a dynamically updated digital model.

[0111] When conducting construction status evaluation, as shown in Table 2, the real-time data of the current construction stage (such as the concrete pouring temperature and the measured value of the anchor pull-out force) are first input into the construction stage BIM model. Based on the thresholds preset in the design stage (such as the concrete temperature control range and the design value of the anchor bearing capacity) and the construction specifications, the current stage status analysis is performed using the deviation analysis algorithm. The algorithm first extracts key parameters from real-time data (such as temperature and pull-out force values), compares them with the corresponding component design parameters (such as the concrete temperature design range and the anchor bearing capacity design value) stored in the tunnel design BIM model during the design phase, and calculates the deviation rate between the measured values ​​and the design values. It then determines whether there are construction deviations or quality risks (such as concrete temperature exceeding the design range may lead to insufficient strength, and anchor pull-out force that does not meet the standard may affect the stability of the surrounding rock) based on the allowable deviation range specified in the construction specifications. Finally, it generates an evaluation result of the current construction status, annotating the unique coding identification, spatial location, and problem type of the abnormal components (such as TUN-L-001 lining pouring temperature exceeds the standard, TUN-B-015 anchor bearing capacity is insufficient), and synchronizes the results to the design and operation and maintenance BIM model through a logical linkage interface.

[0112] At the same time, the cross-stage data transmission mechanism is triggered through the logical linkage interface: the current construction data is synchronized to the design model and operation and maintenance model using the component parameter mapping relationship. For example, if the lining thickness of a certain section is found to be insufficient during the construction phase, the logical linkage rules automatically retrieve the mechanical calculation parameters in the design model, recalculate the structural safety reserve, and predict the impact of the deviation on the operation and maintenance phase (such as accelerated crack development); synchronously send an early warning to the operation and maintenance model to adjust the monitoring frequency of the component. Through the logical linkage analysis of data from each stage, not only can the current construction status evaluation results be obtained, but the potential impact of construction deviations on other stages can also be deduced, forming a risk prediction for the entire life cycle.

[0113] Through the above steps, the limitation of traditional construction evaluation that only focuses on the current stage is overcome, and the comprehensiveness of construction status evaluation and risk prediction capabilities are improved through dynamic linkage and cross-stage analysis of full life cycle monitoring data.

[0114] Table 2: Construction status evaluation and parameter comparison table.

[0115]

[0116] In summary, the BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method provided in the embodiments of the present application has the following technical effects:

[0117] This application collects monitoring data at all stages of the tunnel's life cycle, obtains component status-related data through component parameter mapping and logical linkage rule processing, calculates construction status evaluation results and full life cycle risk prediction, and dynamically links the correlation between each stage and the calculation results to accurately evaluate the tunnel construction status and full life cycle risks, making the full life cycle management of tunnel construction more coordinated and efficient, achieving the full life cycle integration and cross-stage linkage processing of industrial data in the tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance stages, improving the comprehensiveness, coordination and timeliness of industrial data processing, and accurately obtaining the construction status to optimize the technical effect of on-site safety management.

[0118] Example 2, as Figure 2 As shown, based on the same inventive concept as the aforementioned embodiment 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a BIM-driven tunnel construction full life cycle management system, the system comprising:

[0119] BIM model construction module 1 is used to establish a BIM model covering the entire life cycle of tunnel design, construction, operation and maintenance, including the data mapping linkage relationship between each life cycle.

[0120] The construction evaluation execution module 2 is used to collect monitoring data of the entire life cycle, connect the monitoring data to the BIM model according to the life cycle nodes, realize the dynamic linkage between the BIM model and the on-site monitoring data, and conduct construction evaluation in combination with the data mapping linkage relationship between the life cycles to obtain the construction status evaluation results.

[0121] The safety management mechanism construction module 3 is used to construct a safety management mechanism according to the construction status evaluation result, and feed it back to the on-site terminal for management guidance.

[0122] Furthermore, the BIM model construction module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0123] A tunnel design BIM model is established in the design phase based on tunnel design information; data features, construction structure status and process logic information in the construction phase are analyzed and dynamically integrated into the tunnel design BIM model to form a dynamically updated construction phase BIM model; structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data from the operation and maintenance phase are connected to the construction phase BIM model, and the health status of each structure in the model is updated based on the monitoring results to form an operation and maintenance BIM model; a mapping relationship of component parameters and a logical linkage interface are established between the tunnel design BIM model, the construction phase BIM model and the operation and maintenance BIM model to realize data transmission and status response feedback between different life cycles, and to construct the BIM model of the entire life cycle.

[0124] Furthermore, the BIM model construction module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0125] Based on the tunnel design information, the geometric information, material properties, geological parameters, construction process nodes and operation and maintenance reservation information of the tunnel structural components are extracted, and a unique coding identifier is assigned to each component; according to the structural connection relationship between the tunnel structural components in the tunnel design drawings and combined with the design parameters of the tunnel structural components, the tunnel design BIM model is constructed in three-dimensional space.

[0126] Furthermore, the BIM model construction module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0127] The actual construction process, resource allocation, process logic information, construction environment information and construction structure status in tunnel construction are analyzed, and according to the correspondence between component construction and design, they are connected to the tunnel design BIM model to form a construction phase BIM model, and the component information is linked using the unique coding identification of each component.

[0128] Furthermore, the BIM model construction module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0129] Based on the operation and maintenance reserved information in the design phase, a data mapping relationship between the structural health monitoring data and the BIM component attributes is established; according to the unique coding identification and spatial position of the component, combined with the data mapping relationship, the structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data of the operation and maintenance phase are connected to the BIM model of the construction phase, and the component status attributes are updated to form the operation and maintenance BIM model.

[0130] Furthermore, the BIM model construction module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0131] Analyze the association relationship between tunnel structural components in the design stage, construction stage, and operation and maintenance stage; based on the association relationship, establish a component parameter mapping relationship between the tunnel design BIM model, construction stage BIM model, and operation and maintenance BIM model according to the unique coding identification of the component, which is used for parameter tracking of the component throughout the entire life cycle; based on the component parameter mapping relationship, establish a logical linkage interface including a data interface and logical linkage rules, and when a component status change occurs, synchronize data feedback between the tunnel design BIM model, construction stage BIM model, and operation and maintenance BIM model through the logical linkage interface.

[0132] Furthermore, the BIM model construction module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0133] Analyze component characteristics in the design stage, including component core characteristics and component constraint characteristics; based on the component characteristics in the design stage, perform construction characteristic analysis according to the construction process to obtain construction process characteristics, and establish a construction impact response relationship between the construction process characteristics and the component core characteristics and component constraint characteristics; based on the construction impact response relationship, perform correlation analysis in combination with the operating status characteristics of the component to obtain operation and maintenance correlation characteristics; and perform correlation integration on the construction impact response relationship, operation and maintenance correlation characteristics, and designed component characteristics to obtain the correlation relationship of tunnel structure components in the design stage, construction stage, and operation and maintenance stage.

[0134] Furthermore, the BIM model construction module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0135] Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, the target states and mutual influence characteristics of tunnel structure components in each life cycle stage are analyzed, and logical linkage rules between component parameters in different stages are extracted. Based on the logical linkage rules and combined with the component parameter mapping relationship, a data interface for multi-stage information transmission is established, and the logical linkage rules of the interface are configured to construct the logical linkage interface.

[0136] Furthermore, the construction evaluation execution module 2 is used to perform the following steps:

[0137] The collected real-time data of tunnel construction is input into the BIM model, and the status analysis of the current stage is performed based on the corresponding life cycle stage to obtain the current construction status evaluation result; through the logical linkage interface, the data of each stage is transmitted according to the mapping relationship of the components, and the status analysis of each stage is performed through the logical linkage rules to obtain the construction status evaluation results of other stages.

[0138] The BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management system provided in the embodiment of the present invention can execute the BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0139] Although the present application makes various references to certain modules in the system according to the embodiments of the present application, any number of different modules may be used and run on the user terminal and / or server, and the various units and modules included are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division, as long as the corresponding functions can be achieved; in addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0140] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation to the scope of protection of this application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in this application can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and can still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

Claims

1. The BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method is characterized by: include: Establish a BIM model covering the entire life cycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, including data mapping and linkage between each life cycle; Collect monitoring data throughout the entire life cycle, integrate the monitoring data into the BIM model according to the life cycle nodes, realize dynamic linkage between the BIM model and on-site monitoring data, and conduct construction evaluation based on the data mapping linkage relationship between the life cycles to obtain construction status evaluation results; A safety management mechanism is established based on the construction status evaluation results, and feedback is provided to the on-site terminal for management guidance.

2. The BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Establish a BIM model covering the entire life cycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, including: Establish a tunnel design BIM model in the design phase based on tunnel design information; Analyze data characteristics, construction structure status, and process logic information during the construction phase, and dynamically integrate them into the tunnel design BIM model to form a dynamically updated construction phase BIM model; Integrate the structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data from the operation and maintenance phase into the construction phase BIM model, and update the health status of each structure in the model based on the monitoring results to form an operation and maintenance BIM model; A mapping relationship between component parameters and a logical linkage interface are established between the tunnel design BIM model, the construction phase BIM model, and the operation and maintenance BIM model to realize data transmission and status response feedback between different life cycles of information, and to construct the BIM model of the entire life cycle.

3. The BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The tunnel design BIM model is established in the design phase based on the tunnel design information, including: Extracting the geometric information, material properties, geological parameters, construction process nodes, and operation and maintenance reservation information of the tunnel structural components based on the tunnel design information, and assigning a unique coding identifier to each component; According to the structural connection relationship between the tunnel structural components in the tunnel design drawings and in combination with the design parameters of the tunnel structural components, the tunnel design BIM model is constructed in three-dimensional space.

4. The BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Analyze data characteristics, construction structure status, and process logic information during the construction phase and dynamically integrate them into the tunnel design BIM model to form a dynamically updated construction phase BIM model, including: The actual construction process, resource allocation, process logic information, construction environment information and construction structure status in tunnel construction are analyzed, and according to the correspondence between component construction and design, they are connected to the tunnel design BIM model to form a construction phase BIM model, and the component information is linked using the unique coding identification of each component.

5. The BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The forming of the operation and maintenance BIM model includes: Based on the operation and maintenance reservation information in the design phase, a data mapping relationship between structural health monitoring data and BIM component attributes is established; According to the unique coding identification and spatial position of the component, combined with the data mapping relationship, the structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data of the operation and maintenance phase are connected to the BIM model of the construction phase, and the component status attributes are updated to form the operation and maintenance BIM model.

6. The BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A mapping relationship of component parameters and a logical linkage interface are established between the tunnel design BIM model, the construction phase BIM model, and the operation and maintenance BIM model, including: Analyze the relationship between tunnel structural components during the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases; Based on the association relationship, a component parameter mapping relationship is established between the tunnel design BIM model, the construction phase BIM model, and the operation and maintenance BIM model according to the unique coding identification of the component, so as to track the component parameters throughout the entire life cycle; Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, a logical linkage interface including a data interface and logical linkage rules is established. When a component status change occurs, data synchronization feedback is performed between the tunnel design BIM model, the construction phase BIM model, and the operation and maintenance BIM model through the logical linkage interface.

7. The BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Analyze the relationships between tunnel structural components during the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases, including: Analyze component features during the design phase, including component core features and component constraint features; Based on the component characteristics in the design stage, construction characteristics analysis is performed according to the construction process to obtain construction process characteristics, and a construction impact response relationship between the construction process characteristics and the component core characteristics and component constraint characteristics is established; Based on the construction impact response relationship, a correlation analysis is performed in combination with the operating status characteristics of the components to obtain operation and maintenance correlation characteristics; The construction impact response relationship, operation and maintenance related characteristics and design component characteristics are correlated and integrated to obtain the correlation relationship of tunnel structure components in the design stage, construction stage and operation and maintenance stage.

8. The BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, a logical linkage interface including data interface and logical linkage rules is established, including: Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, the target states and mutual influence characteristics of tunnel structure components in each life cycle stage are analyzed to extract the logical linkage rules between component parameters in different stages; According to the logic linkage rules and in combination with the component parameter mapping relationship, a data interface for multi-stage information transmission is established, and the logic linkage rules of the interface are configured to construct the logic linkage interface.

9. The BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Obtain construction status evaluation results, including: Inputting the collected real-time tunnel construction data into the BIM model, performing a status analysis of the current stage based on the corresponding life cycle stage, and obtaining a current construction status evaluation result; Through the logical linkage interface, data transmission of each stage is carried out according to the mapping relationship of the components, and the status analysis of each stage is carried out through the logical linkage rules to obtain the construction status evaluation results of other stages.

10. The BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management system is characterized by: A system for implementing the BIM-driven tunnel construction life cycle management method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: The BIM model construction module is used to establish a BIM model covering the entire life cycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, including the data mapping and linkage between each life cycle; A construction evaluation execution module is used to collect monitoring data throughout the entire life cycle, integrate the monitoring data into the BIM model according to the life cycle nodes, realize dynamic linkage between the BIM model and on-site monitoring data, and perform construction evaluation based on the data mapping linkage relationship between the life cycles to obtain construction status evaluation results; The safety management mechanism construction module is used to construct a safety management mechanism based on the construction status evaluation results and feed back to the on-site terminal for management guidance.

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