Microbial fuel cell, carbon-based anode and preparation method of carbon-based anode

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial fuel cells, and particularly relates to a microbial fuel cell, a carbon-based anode and a preparation method of the carbon-based anode. Preparing a polyaniline / dopamine modifier from an aniline monomer and dopamine hydrochloride, and modifying the polyaniline / dopamine modifier on a carbon felt electrode to form a PANI-DA / CF anode; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing flower-like Fe2O3 nanoparticles by adopting a hydrothermal method, and electrochemically depositing the flower-like Fe2O3 nanoparticles on a PANI-DA / CF electrode to prepare a Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode; according to the microbial fuel cell disclosed by the invention, the maximum power density of the phenol wastewater anolyte reaches 4594 + / -97 mW / m < 2 > and is improved by 83.1% compared with that of a carbon felt anode MFC (Microbial Fuel Cell); after operation for 96 hours, the phenol degradation rate reaches 99.4%; and the electricity generation performance is still kept stable after three months of operation. The Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode provided by the invention improves the power density output of the microbial fuel cell and the wastewater treatment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of microbial fuel cells, and in particular relates to a microbial fuel cell, a carbon-based anode and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a novel, environmentally friendly bioenergy technology for water treatment that holds promise for addressing energy shortages and water pollution. They have attracted widespread attention in recent years. Using microorganisms as catalysts, they degrade organic pollutants in wastewater and convert the chemical energy in these pollutants into electricity. This technology promises to enable wastewater treatment plants to achieve self-sufficiency in electricity, opening up a new avenue for wastewater treatment. However, commercial application of MFCs remains elusive, primarily due to their low output power density. To address this issue, optimizing the preparation of MFC electrodes has become a research hotspot. As the carrier for the growth and reproduction of electricity-producing microorganisms and the transport of electrons, the anode plays a crucial role in the performance of the MFC, directly influencing its power generation and degradation efficiency.

[0003] A typical two-chamber microbial fuel cell consists of an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, separated by an ion exchange membrane. Its operating principle is as follows: the anode is where microbial catalysts grow in the form of a biofilm. In the anaerobic environment of the anode chamber, the biofilm promotes the decomposition of organic matter and releases electrons and protons. Electrons are guided to the anode by microorganisms and transferred to the cathode through an external circuit to form an electric current. Protons are transferred to the cathode chamber through the proton exchange membrane and then combine with the final electron acceptor, such as molecular oxygen, to form water, thus completing the circuit and generating electricity through a redox reaction. Applying this principle, MFCs can not only generate electricity but also have applications in wastewater treatment, biohydrogen production, biosensing, and bioelectrolysis.

[0004] Currently, the major obstacles hindering the widespread application of microbial fuel cells are the high cost of reactor construction, low electron transfer efficiency, and low power density. The slow extracellular electron transfer (EET) rate of microorganisms severely restricts the improvement of MFC power density and has become a bottleneck limiting its application. As the site where electroactive bacterial communities metabolize organic matter and generate electrons, the properties of the anode material significantly influence the performance of the MFC and play a key role in promoting and maintaining microbial catalytic activity. MFC anodes with high power generation performance should possess large specific surface area, good biocompatibility, and high electrical conductivity. These properties can effectively increase microbial loading and activity, improve the electrode's electrical conductivity and electrochemical activity, and thus enhance the MFC's maximum power density. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the present application provides a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell and its preparation method and application, which has strong power generation performance, high conductivity and high maximum power density, thereby having excellent degradation efficiency.

[0006] The technical solutions of this application to solve the above technical problems are as follows:

[0007] A method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell comprises the following steps:

[0008] S10. Aniline monomer and dopamine hydrochloride were added to H2SO4 solution, and N2 was introduced to react to obtain a polyaniline / dopamine modifier;

[0009] S20. Immersing the carbon felt electrode in the polyaniline / dopamine modifier, adding an initiator, and scanning by cyclic voltammetry to form a PANI-DA / CF anode;

[0010] S30. FeSO4·7H2O and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were dissolved in distilled water, and then glycerol was added. After hydrothermal reaction, the mixture was cooled, centrifuged, washed, freeze-dried, and ground to obtain flower-like Fe2O3 nanoparticles.

[0011] S40. Add the flower-shaped Fe2O3 nanoparticles to PBS electrolyte, then add the PANI-DA / CF anode, perform pre-deposition using cyclic voltammetry, and then maintain constant potential electrodeposition for a specified time to obtain a Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode.

[0012] Preferably, in the method for preparing the carbon-based anode of the microbial fuel cell, in step S10, the molar ratio of the aniline monomer to dopamine hydrochloride is 1:(1 to 6).

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell, in step S20, the initiator is ammonium persulfate, and the molar ratio of the aniline monomer to the ammonium persulfate is 50:1.

[0014] Preferably, in the preparation method of the carbon-based anode of the microbial fuel cell, in step S20, the cyclic voltammetry is specifically as follows: using a carbon felt electrode as a working electrode, a saturated calomel electrode as a reference electrode, and a platinum wire as a counter electrode, at a rate of 100 mV / s, -0.1 v to 0.7 v, e -0.002 The scan was repeated for 150 cycles to form a PANI-DA / CF anode.

[0015] Preferably, in the method for preparing the carbon-based anode of the microbial fuel cell, in step S30, the molar ratio of FeSO4·7H2O, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and glycerol is 1.5:0.3:55.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for preparing the carbon-based anode of the microbial fuel cell, in step S30, the hydrothermal temperature is 145° C. and the reaction time is 8 hours.

[0017] Preferably, in the method for preparing the carbon-based anode of the microbial fuel cell, in step S40, the concentration of the PBS electrolyte is 50 mmol / L, and the concentration of the Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the electrolyte is 2 mg / mL.

[0018] Preferably, in the method for preparing the carbon-based anode of the above-mentioned microbial fuel cell, in step S40, the pre-deposition is specifically: using the PANI-DA / CF anode as the working electrode, the platinum electrode as the counter electrode, and the saturated calomel electrode as the reference electrode, pre-depositing by cyclic voltammetry for 10 minutes at a scan rate of 0.02 V / s and a working range of 0.7 V to -0.7 V; the constant potential is -1.4 V, and the electrodeposition is carried out for 10 minutes.

[0019] A carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell is prepared by adopting the above-mentioned method for preparing the carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell.

[0020] A microbial fuel cell, characterized by comprising the above-mentioned carbon-based anode for the microbial fuel cell.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following advantages:

[0022] The method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell disclosed in the present application first uses aniline monomer and dopamine hydrochloride to prepare a polyaniline / dopamine modifier, and then modifies the modifier on a carbon felt electrode to form a PANI-DA / CF anode; a hydrothermal method with mild experimental conditions is used to prepare flower-shaped Fe2O3 nanoparticles, which are electrochemically deposited on the PANI-DA / CF electrode to prepare a Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode. The structure and surface properties of the anode material prepared by this method are improved, and the conductivity and electrochemical activity are enhanced, which can accelerate the adsorption and growth rate of anode microorganisms, increase the anode microbial load, activity and electron transfer rate, and ultimately improve the power density output and wastewater treatment efficiency of the microbial fuel cell. The Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode of the present application is used in MFC, and the maximum power density of the phenol wastewater anode liquid reaches 4594±97mW / m 2 , which is higher than 2509±12mW / m of carbon felt anode MFC 2 The results showed an 83.1% improvement; the phenol degradation rate reached 99.4% after 96 hours of operation; and the power generation performance remained stable after three months of operation. This indicates that the Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode proposed in this application can help improve the power generation efficiency and wastewater treatment capacity of MFCs, promoting the promotion and application of MFCs in practical applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation principle of Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode.

[0024] Figure 2 This is the SEM image of Fe2O3 nanoparticles.

[0025] Figure 3 This is the SEM photo of the CF anode.

[0026] Figure 4 This is the SEM photo of Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode.

[0027] Figure 5 is the degradation rate of 200 mg / L phenol by Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode MFC.

[0028] Figure 6 This is the phenol degradation curve of Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode MFC cycle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The following will further describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used in the specification herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0031] See Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present application, a method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell comprises the following steps:

[0032] S10. Add aniline monomer and dopamine hydrochloride to H2SO4 solution, introduce N2 to react, and obtain a polyaniline / dopamine modifier; further, the molar ratio of the aniline monomer to dopamine hydrochloride is 1:(3 to 6).

[0033] S20. Immersing the carbon felt electrode in the polyaniline / dopamine modifier, adding an initiator, and scanning by cyclic voltammetry to form a PANI-DA / CF anode;

[0034] In the selection of anode materials for MFC, most metals are not suitable for use as anodes for MFC because they are easily corroded or toxic to microorganisms. Although precious metals such as platinum and gold have excellent electrical conductivity, they are expensive. Carbon-based materials are good anode carrier materials with the advantages of low cost, corrosion resistance and electrochemical stability. Graphene sheets, carbon paper, graphite felt, carbon cloth, woven graphite pads, carbon felt, etc. are widely used in electrode materials for MFC. However, the highly graphitized surface of carbon-based materials will cause problems such as poor mass transfer between substrates and products, the bacterial growth rate is not high, and the ability to enhance electrocatalytic activity is limited. Therefore, the present application uses carbon felt as the matrix material and polyaniline / dopamine as the modifier to prepare a carbon felt anode modified with a polyaniline-dopamine composite film, that is, a PANI-DA / CF anode, by an electrochemical cross-linking method, and regulates the structure and performance of the composite anode by adjusting the ratio of aniline monomer to dopamine hydrochloride in the raw materials and the number of cyclic voltammetry cycles. Experiments have shown that when the molar ratio of aniline monomer to dopamine hydrochloride is 1:(1 to 6), the PANI-DA / CF anode has excellent power generation performance and the maximum power density can reach 3193±21mW / m 2 .

[0035] In the present application, an initiator is required to initiate the polymerization reaction of the aniline monomer and dopamine hydrochloride. In a further embodiment, the initiator is ammonium persulfate, and the molar ratio of the aniline monomer to the ammonium persulfate is 50:1.

[0036] Furthermore, in step S20, the cyclic voltammetry method is specifically as follows: using a carbon felt electrode as a working electrode, a saturated calomel electrode as a reference electrode, and a platinum wire as a counter electrode, at a rate of 100 mV / s, -0.1 v to 0.7 v, e -0.002 The scan was repeated for 150 cycles to form a PANI-DA / CF anode.

[0037] For example, aniline monomer and dopamine hydrochloride are added to 40-60 mL of H2SO4 solution and N2 is introduced for 10-20 minutes to obtain a polyaniline / dopamine modifier. A CF electrode is immersed in the polyaniline / dopamine modifier, a saturated calomel electrode is used as a reference electrode, a platinum wire is used as a counter electrode, ammonium persulfate initiator is added, and the CV method is used at a rate of 100 mV / s, -0.1v~0.7v, e -0.002 The scan was repeated for 150 cycles to form a PANI-DA / CF anode.

[0038] S30. FeSO4·7H2O and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were dissolved in distilled water, and then glycerol was added. After hydrothermal reaction, cooling, centrifugation, washing, freeze-drying, and grinding were performed to obtain flower-like Fe2O3 nanoparticles; see Figure 2 ,It can be seen from the figure that Fe2O3 nanoparticles are flower-shaped.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the molar ratio of FeSO4·7H2O, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and glycerol is 1.5:0.3:55. Fe2O3 nanoparticles are prepared by hydrothermal method under mild reaction conditions. Preferably, the hydrothermal temperature is 145°C and the reaction time is 8 hours. Fe2O3 nanoparticles can accelerate extracellular electron transfer in bacteria, significantly improving anode conductivity.

[0040] For example, step S30 specifically involves weighing FeSO₄·7H₂O and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) into a three-necked flask and dissolving them in distilled water. Glycerol is then added dropwise, and the mixture is vigorously stirred in a 50°C water bath for 30 minutes. The liquid is then transferred to a hydrothermal autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene. The mixture is heated to 145°C in a constant-temperature forced-air drying oven for 8 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the solution is centrifuged, and the brick-red precipitate is washed three times with distilled water and then ethanol. The mixture is freeze-dried to obtain a brick-red powder product, namely, Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles, which is then ground in an agate mortar and pestle for storage.

[0041] S40. Adding the flower-shaped Fe2O3 nanoparticles to a PBS electrolyte, and then adding the PANI-DA / CF anode, performing pre-deposition using cyclic voltammetry, and then maintaining constant potential electrodeposition for a specified time to obtain a Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode. Preferably, the concentration of the PBS electrolyte is 50 mmol / L, and the concentration of the Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the electrolyte is 2 mg / mL.

[0042] Furthermore, the pre-deposition is specifically as follows: using the PANI-DA / CF anode as the working electrode, the platinum electrode as the counter electrode, and the saturated calomel electrode as the reference electrode, pre-depositing for 10 minutes by cyclic voltammetry at a scan rate of 0.02 V / s and a working range of 0.7 V to -0.7 V; the constant potential is -1.4 V, and the electrodeposition is 10 minutes.

[0043] For example, step S40 specifically involves weighing Fe2O3 nanoparticles and adding them to an electrolyte solution of 50 mmol / L PBS solution. A PANI-DA / CF anode (4 cm × 4 cm × 0.5 cm) threaded with titanium wire is placed in a beaker and nitrogen is introduced for 10 minutes. Using the PANI-DA / CF anode as the working electrode, a platinum electrode as the counter electrode, and a saturated calomel electrode as the reference electrode, a CV pre-deposition method is performed for 10 minutes at a scan rate of 0.02 V / s and a working range of 0.7 V to -0.7 V. The constant potential is then maintained at -1.4 V and electrodeposition is performed for 10 minutes to obtain a Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode electrode. In this process, the electrochemically polymerized polyaniline / dopamine film (PANI-DA film) increases the hydrophilicity of the CF surface, providing abundant active sites, which plays a crucial role in the deposition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The flower-shaped Fe2O3 combined with the PANI-DA membrane by electrodeposition can accelerate the extracellular electron transfer of bacteria and significantly improve the anode conductivity. Therefore, the Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode is conducive to the attachment, growth and reproduction of electrogenic bacteria and the transfer of electrons to the anode.

[0044] In another specific embodiment of the present application, a microbial fuel cell includes the above-mentioned carbon-based anode for the microbial fuel cell.

[0045] It is worth noting that the process temperature and process time involved in the above-mentioned embodiments are the temperature or time adopted in the experimental process. Those skilled in the art can make reasonable adjustments within the error range based on the process temperature and process time provided by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] The technical solutions and effects of the present invention are further illustrated below through specific embodiments.

[0047] 1. Main reagents

[0048] It should be noted that in the examples of the present invention, all reagents and solvents are commercially available and can be used without further purification.

[0049] 2. Comparative Example

[0050] The comparative example anode uses a carbon felt electrode (CF electrode) with a size of 4cm×4cm×0.5cm. The SEM photo of the CF anode is shown in Figure 3 .

[0051] 3. Example 1

[0052] Preparation of the PANI-DA / CF anode: Aniline monomer and dopamine hydrochloride (see Table 1) in different ratios were added to 50 mL of a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution and allowed to react for 15 minutes through nitrogen. A CF electrode (4 cm × 4 cm × 0.5 cm) was immersed in the prepared polyaniline / dopamine modifier. A saturated calomel electrode was used as the reference electrode, a platinum wire was used as the counter electrode, and 0.414 g of ammonium persulfate initiator was added. CV was performed at a rate of 100 mV / s from -0.1 V to 0.7 V, e -0.002 The scan was repeated for 150 cycles to form a PANI-DA / CF electrode.

[0053] The PANI-DA / CF anodes obtained in the comparative example and Example 1 were respectively loaded into a microbial fuel cell reactor for operation. The measurement method is as follows: The MFC reactor is made of organic glass and consists of an anode chamber with dimensions of 5cm×4cm×6cm and a cathode chamber with dimensions of 5cm×6cm×6cm. A cleaned proton exchange membrane is fixed between the two chambers of the MFC with screws, with a cross-sectional area of ​​1cm 2 (1cm×1cm) anode and a cross-sectional area of ​​16cm 2 A titanium wire was passed through a CF cathode (4cm×4cm) and placed in each chamber. The anolyte was phenol-containing wastewater (200mg / L phenol, 50mmol / L PBS buffer), and the catholyte was potassium ferricyanide solution (18.65g / L K3Fe(CN)6, 50mmol / L PBS buffer). Both chambers were filled with air, and the fuel cell operated stably for one month. The polarization curve and maximum power density were measured using the variable external resistance method. The external resistance was gradually reduced from 1000Ω to 100Ω, and the corresponding voltage was recorded with a multimeter after the voltage value stabilized. The power density and current density were calculated using the following formulas:

[0054] j=E / (R×A An )(1)

[0055] in:

[0056] j——current density, mA / m 2 ;

[0057] E——output voltage across the resistor, V;

[0058] R——load external resistance, Ω;

[0059] A An ——Effective area of ​​anode, m 2 .

[0060] P=j×E(2)

[0061] in:

[0062] P——power density, mW / m 2 ;

[0063] j——current density, A / m 2 ;

[0064] E——voltage, V.

[0065] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0066] Table 1 Power generation performance of anodes prepared with different ratios of aniline monomer and dopamine hydrochloride

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] As can be seen from Table 1, by adjusting the ratio of aniline monomer to dopamine hydrochloride, the polyaniline / dopamine modifier generated by the reaction is modified on the CF electrode, and the power generation performance of the electrode is significantly different. Among them, the maximum power density of the anode of Experimental Examples 2 to 4 is greater than 2800mW / m 2 , especially in Example 3, the maximum power density reaches 3193mW / m 2 , which is 684mW / m higher than that of CF anode 2 , an increase of 27.3%.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] Preparation of Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode:

[0072] Weigh 1.5 mmol of FeSO₄·7H₂O and 0.3 mmol of CTAB into a 100 mL three-necked flask and dissolve in 60 mL of distilled water. Add 4 mL of glycerol dropwise and vigorously stir in a 50°C water bath for 30 minutes. Transfer the solution to a 100 mL polytetrafluoroethylene-lined hydrothermal autoclave. Heat to 145°C in a constant-temperature forced-air drying oven for 8 hours. After cooling to room temperature, remove the solution and centrifuge at 10,000 rpm. Wash the brick-red precipitate three times with distilled water and ethanol, respectively. Freeze-dry for 12 hours to obtain a brick-red powder product, namely, Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles. Grind it in an agate mortar and pestle for storage.

[0073] An Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode was prepared by electrodeposition using a three-electrode system on an electrochemical workstation: 100 mg of Fe2O3 nanoparticles was weighed and added to a 50 mmol / L PBS (50 mL) electrolyte. The PANI-DA / CF anode (4 cm × 4 cm × 0.5 cm) from Experimental Example 3 was threaded with titanium wire and placed in a beaker. Nitrogen gas was introduced at a flow rate of 40 mL / min for 10 minutes. Using the PANI-DA / CF anode as the working electrode, a platinum electrode as the counter electrode, and a saturated calomel electrode as the reference electrode, a CV pre-deposition method was performed for 10 minutes at a scan rate of 0.02 V / s and a working range of 0.7 V to -0.7 V. Electrodeposition was then performed for 10 minutes at a constant potential of -1.4 V to obtain the Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode.

[0074] The Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode obtained in Example 2 was installed in a microbial fuel cell reactor and the maximum power density of the fuel cell was measured. The measurement method was the same as in Example 1. The test results are shown in Table 2:

[0075] Table 2 Power generation performance of Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode MFC

[0076] Anode t(h) <![CDATA[V max (mV)]]> <![CDATA[P max (mW / m) 2 )]]> CF 133 479±28 2509±12 <![CDATA[Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF]]> 50 667±47 4594±97

[0077] See Figure 4 The Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode prepared under optimized conditions has a dense and uniform surface, a large specific surface area, excellent hydrophilicity and good biocompatibility. The nitrogen-containing groups and quinone groups on the membrane can provide a large number of attachment sites for microorganisms, and the conductivity and electrochemical activity are enhanced, which can accelerate the adsorption and growth rate of anode microorganisms, and increase the anode microbial loading, activity and electron transfer rate. As can be seen from Table 2, the maximum power density of the Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode MFC in the phenol wastewater anode liquid reaches 4594±97mW / m 2 , which is higher than 2509±12mW / m of CF anode MFC 2 Increased by 83.1%; the maximum power density increased by 1401mW / m compared with Experiment 3 2 , an improvement of 43.9%, and a high electron transmission rate, the maximum power density can be reached in only 50 hours.

[0078] See Figure 5From the degradation rate curve of 200mg / L phenol, it can be seen that after 96 hours of operation, the Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode MFC has a phenol degradation rate of 99.4%, while the comparative CF anode MFC can only degrade 38.7% in the same period of time. The Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode MFC has a 156.8% higher phenol degradation rate than the CF anode MFC, showing good degradation effect and high wastewater treatment efficiency. Figure 6 The power generation performance of the Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode MFC remained stable after three months of operation, indicating that it can maintain long-term stable and efficient power generation efficiency and wastewater treatment capacity, and is suitable for promotion and application in actual wastewater treatment.

[0079] In summary, the present invention uses low-cost materials such as carbon felt, ferric sulfate, and aniline to prepare the PANI-DA / CF anode, adopts a hydrothermal method under mild experimental conditions to prepare Fe2O3 nanoparticles, and electrochemically deposits them on the PANI-DA / CF anode material to prepare the Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode electrode, which improves the structure and surface properties of the material, enhances the conductivity and electrochemical activity, accelerates the adsorption and growth rate of anode microorganisms, increases the anode microbial loading, activity, and electron transmission rate, and ultimately improves the power density output and wastewater treatment efficiency of the microbial fuel cell.

[0080] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10. Aniline monomer and dopamine hydrochloride were added to H2SO4 solution, and N2 was introduced to react to obtain a polyaniline / dopamine modifier; S20. Immersing the carbon felt electrode in the polyaniline / dopamine modifier, adding an initiator, and scanning by cyclic voltammetry to form a PANI-DA / CF anode; S30. FeSO4·7H2O and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were dissolved in distilled water, and then glycerol was added. After hydrothermal reaction, the mixture was cooled, centrifuged, washed, freeze-dried, and ground to obtain flower-like Fe2O3 nanoparticles. S40. Add the flower-shaped Fe2O3 nanoparticles to PBS electrolyte, then add the PANI-DA / CF anode, perform pre-deposition using cyclic voltammetry, and then maintain constant potential electrodeposition for a specified time to obtain a Fe2O3 / PANI-DA / CF anode.

2. The method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: In step S10, the molar ratio of the aniline monomer to dopamine hydrochloride is 1:(1 to 6).

3. The method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: In step S20, the initiator is ammonium persulfate, and the molar ratio of the aniline monomer to the ammonium persulfate is 50:

1.

4. The method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: In step S20, the cyclic voltammetry method is specifically as follows: using a carbon felt electrode as a working electrode, a saturated calomel electrode as a reference electrode, and a platinum wire as a counter electrode, at a rate of 100 mV / s, -0.1 v to 0.7 v, e -0 . 002 The scan was repeated for 150 cycles to form a PANI-DA / CF anode.

5. The method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: In step S30, the molar ratio of FeSO4·7H2O, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and glycerol is 1.5:0.3:

55.

6. The method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: In step S30, the hydrothermal temperature is 145° C. and the reaction time is 8 hours.

7. The method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: In step S40, the concentration of the PBS electrolyte is 50 mmol / L, and the concentration of the Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the electrolyte is 2 mg / mL.

8. The method for preparing a carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: In step S40, the pre-deposition is specifically as follows: using the PANI-DA / CF anode as the working electrode, the platinum electrode as the counter electrode, and the saturated calomel electrode as the reference electrode, pre-depositing by cyclic voltammetry for 10 minutes at a scan rate of 0.02 V / s and a working range of 0.7 V to -0.7 V; the constant potential is -1.4 V, and the electrodeposition is performed for 10 minutes.

9. A carbon-based anode for a microbial fuel cell, characterized in that: The carbon-based anode of a microbial fuel cell is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A microbial fuel cell, characterized in that: The microbial fuel cell carbon-based anode comprises the microbial fuel cell carbon-based anode according to claim 9.

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