Multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice layer drilling

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice layer drilling, which belongs to the technical field of ice layer hot water drilling, and comprises a water and electricity connector, a water segregator, a valve group, an axial nozzle, a radial reaming body, a radial nozzle and a telescopic inclined spraying unit which are mutually cooperated and matched, according to the hot water drilling tool, different hot water flow channels are switched through the electromagnetic valve, any combination of radial jet flow, axial jet flow and oblique jet flow is achieved, the three functions of downward hot water drilling, hot water local reaming and oblique hole solid phase impurity removing can be achieved through one set of drilling tool, and the hydraulic rod is adopted for pushing the flexible nozzle to stretch out obliquely and downwards to conduct oblique hole drilling. And forming of a small-diameter and large-length inclined hole is facilitated, the solid-phase impurity removal success rate is improved, and the drilling efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ice layer hot water drilling, and in particular relates to a multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice layer drilling. Background Art

[0002] Ice-water drilling is a drilling method that uses high-temperature, high-pressure hot water to melt ice and penetrate it. Its drilling speed can reach tens of meters per hour, making it the fastest drilling method currently available. Conventional hot water drilling tools typically use a straight bottom nozzle or a solid cone nozzle for axial hot water injection, which can only produce small-diameter holes in ice. To create a larger diameter hole, the drill tool must be lifted to the surface, replaced with a radial nozzle, and then lowered back into the well for drilling. This significantly increases drilling assistance time and reduces drilling efficiency. Simultaneous radial and axial injection is sometimes used in the oil field, but the weight of ice drilling equipment limits the ability to provide a high flow rate of hot water downhole. Therefore, existing oil field radial and axial simultaneous injection devices cannot achieve the desired effect of simultaneous radial and axial injection in ice drilling. Furthermore, when drilling in dirty ice, solid impurities released from the ice gradually accumulate at the bottom of the borehole, hindering heat exchange between the hot water and the ice. Consequently, conventional drilling tools have a low drilling speed in dirty ice and, in severe cases, may even be unable to drill. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem that conventional hot water drills have low drilling efficiency and cannot adapt to various working conditions, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling, which can realize conventional axial jet drilling, radial hole expansion drilling and bottom hole obstacle clearing drilling through a set of drilling tools, thereby effectively improving the drilling efficiency. The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: a multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling is proposed, comprising: a water and electricity connector, a water distributor, a valve group, an axial nozzle, a radial reaming body, a radial nozzle and a retractable oblique injection unit; the water inlet side of the water distributor is coaxially and sealedly connected to the water and electricity connector, and the water outlet side has three water outlets arranged in parallel; the valve group comprises a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve and a third solenoid valve respectively connected to each water outlet; the radial reaming body is an integrated structure, the upper part of which is a cylinder and the lower part is an inverted cone, and the outer surface of the radial reaming body is provided with a C-shaped groove, and the C-shaped groove passes through the entire radial reaming body along the axial direction of the cylinder and the direction of the cone generatrix; the radial reaming body has a cavity, which is sealed and connected to the water outlet end of the second solenoid valve through a pipeline; the side wall of the radial reaming body is provided with circumferentially distributed radial through holes; An axial through hole is provided in the center; the axial nozzle is coaxially inserted in the axial through hole of the radial expansion body and is connected to the first solenoid valve through a pipeline; the radial nozzle is seal-mounted in the radial through hole of the radial expansion body and is connected to the cavity; the retractable oblique injection unit includes a hydraulic cylinder body, a hydraulic rod, a spring and a flexible nozzle, the hydraulic cylinder body is seal-connected to the third solenoid valve through a pipeline, the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body constitutes a water inlet channel, the hydraulic rod has a central channel that passes through it axially, the upper part of the hydraulic rod is equipped with an annular piston that contacts and cooperates with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder body, and the lower end of the hydraulic rod extends outside the hydraulic cylinder body; the spring is sleeved on the outside of the hydraulic rod, and its upper end abuts against the annular piston and the lower end abuts against the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder body; the flexible nozzle is connected to the lower end of the hydraulic rod and nested in the C-shaped groove; wherein, the C-shaped groove limits the radial disengagement of the flexible nozzle and allows free axial sliding.

[0004] Furthermore, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are installed in the sealed cabin, and the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are all electrically connected to the water and electricity connector through cables.

[0005] Furthermore, the sealed cabin is formed by a sealed cabin upper cover, a sealed cabin body and a sealed cabin lower cover which are coaxially sealed and assembled.

[0006] Furthermore, each water outlet of the water distributor is connected to a corresponding first connecting water pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the water inlet and outlet ends of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are each connected to a second connecting water pipe; the three second connecting water pipes located at the water outlet ends of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are respectively sealed with the third connecting water pipe, the fourth connecting water pipe and the hydraulic cylinder body, and the bottom of the third connecting water pipe is connected to the top of the axial nozzle through a threaded seal, and the lower part of the fourth connecting water pipe is connected to the cavity inside the radial expansion body.

[0008] Furthermore, the retractable oblique spray unit also includes a guide tube, which is fixed above the C-shaped groove and is used to constrain the flexible nozzle to slide along the C-shaped groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the cross section of the C-shaped groove is U-shaped, C-shaped or semi-closed.

[0010] Furthermore, when water enters the hydraulic cylinder, the water pressure pushes the hydraulic rod to compress the spring and move downward, thereby driving the flexible nozzle to move downward; when water is cut off, the spring drives the hydraulic rod to move upward and reset, driving the flexible nozzle to move upward synchronously.

[0011] Furthermore, the radial through holes are evenly distributed.

[0012] Through the above design scheme, the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects: 1. The multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling proposed in the present invention can realize three functions of downward hot water drilling, local hot water hole expansion, and inclined hole solid impurity removal with a single set of drilling tools, thus avoiding the problems of frequent tripping and nozzle replacement and low drilling efficiency in conventional technologies.

[0013] 2. The present invention uses a hydraulic rod to push the flexible nozzle obliquely downward to drill an inclined hole. The jet ejected by the flexible nozzle always maintains a close distance from the bottom of the inclined hole. Compared with the long-distance oblique injection of the jet used in conventional technology, it is more conducive to forming a small-diameter and large-length inclined hole, which is beneficial to improving the success rate of removing solid impurities.

[0014] 3. The present invention enables switching between different hot water flow channels via a solenoid valve, which is housed in a sealed chamber, reducing the requirement for the valve to withstand ambient water pressure. Furthermore, controlling the solenoid valve also enables any combination of radial, axial, and oblique jets, improving the drill's adaptability to complex in-hole working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to understand the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an oblique jet of a multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a radial reamer of a multifunctional hot water drill tool for ice drilling provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1-water and electricity connector; 2-water distributor; 3-first connector; 4-first connecting water pipe; 5-sealed cabin upper cover; 6-second connecting water pipe; 7-first solenoid valve; 8-second solenoid valve; 9-third solenoid valve; 10-sealed cabin body; 11-sealed cabin lower cover; 12-hydraulic cylinder body; 13-hydraulic rod; 14-spring; 15-second connector; 16-flexible nozzle; 17-third connecting water pipe; 18-fourth connecting water pipe; 19-guide pipe; 20-axial nozzle; 21-radial expansion body; 22-radial nozzle; 23-cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to illustrate the present invention more clearly, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that the content described in detail below is illustrative and not restrictive, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. In order to avoid confusing the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail. It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes, and the characteristics of "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components.

[0018] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling includes a water and electricity connector 1, a water distributor 2, a first connector 3, a first connecting water pipe 4, a sealed cabin upper cover 5, a second connecting water pipe 6, a first solenoid valve 7, a second solenoid valve 8, a third solenoid valve 9, a sealed cabin body 10, a sealed cabin lower cover 11, a hydraulic cylinder 12, a hydraulic rod 13, a spring 14, a second connector 15, a flexible nozzle 16, a third connecting water pipe 17, a fourth connecting water pipe 18, a guide pipe 19, an axial nozzle 20, a radial reamer 21, a radial nozzle 22, and a cable 23.

[0019] The water-electricity joint 1 and the water inlet side of the water distributor 2 are coaxially sealed and connected via threads. The water outlet side of the water distributor 2 has three water outlets arranged in parallel, and each water outlet is sealed and connected to a first connecting water pipe 4 via a first joint 3 .

[0020] The sealed cabin upper cover 5, sealed cabin body 10, and sealed cabin lower cover 11 are coaxially and hermetically connected, forming a sealed chamber. A first solenoid valve 7, a second solenoid valve 8, and a third solenoid valve 9 are installed within the sealed chamber. These three solenoid valves are electrically controlled to close and open the water circuit. Three first connectors 3 are installed on each of the sealed cabin upper cover 5 and the sealed cabin lower cover 11. The three first connectors 3 on the sealed cabin upper cover 5 are connected one-to-one with the three first connecting water pipes 4, while the three first connectors 3 on the sealed cabin lower cover 11 are threaded and sealed with the third connecting water pipe 17, the fourth connecting water pipe 18, and the hydraulic cylinder body 12. Each solenoid valve (the first solenoid valve 7, the second solenoid valve 8, and the third solenoid valve 9) is connected to a second connecting water pipe 6 at both its water inlet and outlet. Specifically, the three upper second connecting water pipes 6 are hermetically connected to the three first connectors 3 on the sealed cabin upper cover 5, while the three lower second connecting water pipes 6 are hermetically connected to the three first connectors 3 on the sealed cabin lower cover 11. This connection structure ensures that water can flow through the sealed chamber 10 via the second connecting water pipe 6 and the solenoid valve without leaking into the sealed chamber 10. Furthermore, all solenoid valves are electrically connected to the water and electricity connector 1 via cables 23. The solenoid valves used in this invention are the ML08-G3 / 8-24VDC-F5-SS normally closed solenoid valves manufactured by Yige Fluid Technology (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd., but are not limited to this. The internal flow path of the valve body is capable of meeting the temperature and pressure conditions required for hot water drilling.

[0021] The radial reamer 21 is a one-piece structure, with a cylindrical upper portion and an inverted cone at the lower portion. It features an axial through-hole in its center, a cavity within its interior, and evenly distributed radial through-holes on its sidewalls. The axial nozzle 20 and radial reamer 21 are coaxially arranged. The axial nozzle 20 is inserted into the central axial through-hole of the radial reamer 21 and sealed with a sealing ring, forming a sealed cavity between the radial reamer 21 and the axial nozzle 20. The top of the axial nozzle 20 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the third connecting water pipe 17.

[0022] Furthermore, the radial expansion body 21 is threadedly and sealedly connected to the fourth connecting water pipe 18 through the first joint 3, and a radial nozzle 22 is sealedly connected to the radial through hole of the side wall.

[0023] Furthermore, a C-shaped groove is formed on the outer surface of the radial reamer 21, extending through the entire radial reamer along the cylindrical axial direction and the conical generatrix. The flexible nozzle 16 can slide freely within the C-shaped groove without falling out. For example, the cross-section of the C-shaped groove may be U-shaped, C-shaped, or a semi-enclosed structure.

[0024] The hydraulic cylinder body 12, hydraulic rod 13, spring 14 and second joint 15 are arranged coaxially, the hydraulic cylinder body 12 is sealed with the third solenoid valve 9 through a pipeline, the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body 12 constitutes a water inlet channel, the hydraulic rod 13 has a central channel running through it axially, the upper part of the hydraulic rod 13 is equipped with an annular piston that contacts and cooperates with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder body 12, the lower end of the hydraulic rod 13 extends to the outside of the hydraulic cylinder body 12, and the bottom of the hydraulic rod 13 is threadedly sealed with the flexible nozzle 16 through the second joint 15; the spring 14 is sleeved on the outside of the hydraulic rod 13, and its upper end abuts against the annular piston and the lower end abuts against the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder body 12; when water flows into the hydraulic cylinder body 12, the water pressure can push the hydraulic rod 13 to compress the spring 14 and move downward, and drive the flexible nozzle 16 to move downward. When the water supply is stopped, the hydraulic rod 13 will drive the flexible nozzle 16 to move upward under the action of the spring 14.

[0025] The hydraulic rod 13 in the present invention integrates the dual functions of "axial movement drive" (driven by water pressure through the annular piston) and "fluid channel" (water supply through the axially penetrating central channel). It directly matches the overall system requirements of driving the flexible nozzle 16 to move and spraying hot water to melt ice. The spring 14 is used to achieve the reset function of the hydraulic rod 13, forming a reverse force balance with the water pressure drive. It conforms to the design logic of conventional hydraulic actuators and has a simple structure and is easy to control. However, it is necessary to ensure the sealing between the annular piston and the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder body 12 (such as using an O-ring or Gly ring) to prevent high-pressure water leakage from affecting the thrust. The design of the axially penetrating central channel of the hydraulic rod 13 allows water to flow through, but attention must be paid to the matching of the channel diameter and the water flow pressure (to avoid excessive pressure loss or blockage due to a too small aperture).

[0026] The guide tube 19 is fixed above the C-shaped groove of the radial expansion body 21 by screws, providing a guide for the movement of the flexible nozzle 16. The flexible nozzle 16 passes through the guide tube 19 and extends along the C-shaped groove.

[0027] Specific working principle: During conventional ice drilling, hot water enters the solenoid valve through the water-electricity connector 1, the water distributor 2, the first connector 3, the first connecting water pipe 4, and the second connecting water pipe 6. By electrically controlling the first solenoid valve 7 to open and the second and third solenoid valves 8 and 9 to close, hot water flows through the third connecting water pipe 17 and is ejected from the axial nozzle 20, thus enabling downward ice melting drilling.

[0028] When hole expansion is required, the second solenoid valve 8 is controlled to open, and the first solenoid valve 7 and the second solenoid valve 9 are closed. Hot water will flow through the fourth connecting water pipe 18 into the cavity of the radial expansion body 21 and be sprayed out from the radial nozzle 22, thereby realizing the local expansion operation of the drilling hole.

[0029] When solid impurities released from the ice accumulate at the bottom of the hole, seriously affecting the drilling speed, the third solenoid valve 9 is controlled to open, while the first and second solenoid valves 7 and 8 are closed. Hot water then enters the hydraulic cylinder 12, pushing the hydraulic rod 13 downward to compress the spring 14, which in turn pushes the flexible nozzle 16 downward along the C-shaped groove of the guide tube 19 and radial reamer 21. Simultaneously, hot water is ejected from the flexible nozzle 16 through the central channel of the hydraulic rod 13, melting the ice and forming a downward-sloping borehole at the bottom of the borehole. The solid impurities accumulated at the bottom of the original borehole fall into the downward-sloping borehole under the action of gravity, thereby removing the impurities from the main drilling trajectory.

[0030] After a certain period of oblique jetting, the first solenoid valve 7 is opened again, while the second and third solenoid valves 8 and 9 are closed. At this point, the hydraulic rod 13, under the action of the spring 14, drives the flexible nozzle 16 upward and retracts into the radial reamer 21. Simultaneously, hot water is ejected from the axial nozzle 20. Because the solid impurities at the bottom of the hole are no longer directly below the axial nozzle 20, efficient drilling can be achieved again. If the drilling speed slows down due to impurities encountered again, the above process can be repeated.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling, characterized in that: include: A water and electricity connector, a water distributor, a valve group, an axial nozzle, a radial reaming body, a radial nozzle and a retractable oblique spray unit; the water inlet side of the water distributor is coaxially sealed with the water and electricity connector, and the water outlet side has three water outlets arranged in parallel; the valve group includes a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve and a third solenoid valve respectively connected to each water outlet; the radial reaming body is an integrated structure, the upper part of which is a cylinder and the lower part is an inverted cone, and a C-shaped groove is provided on the outer surface of the radial reaming body, and the C-shaped groove passes through the entire radial reaming body along the axial direction of the cylinder and the direction of the cone busbar; the radial reaming body has a cavity, which is sealed and connected to the water outlet end of the second solenoid valve through a pipeline; the side wall of the radial reaming body is provided with circumferentially distributed radial through holes; the center of the radial reaming body is provided with an axial through hole; the axial nozzle is coaxially plugged into the radial The axial through hole of the reaming body is connected to the first solenoid valve through a pipeline; the radial nozzle is seal-mounted in the radial through hole of the radial reaming body and is connected to the cavity; the retractable oblique injection unit includes a hydraulic cylinder body, a hydraulic rod, a spring and a flexible nozzle, the hydraulic cylinder body is seal-connected to the third solenoid valve through a pipeline, the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body constitutes a water inlet channel, the hydraulic rod has a central channel running through it along its axial direction, the upper part of the hydraulic rod is equipped with an annular piston that contacts and cooperates with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder body, and the lower end of the hydraulic rod extends outside the hydraulic cylinder body; the spring is sleeved on the outside of the hydraulic rod, and its upper end abuts against the annular piston and the lower end abuts against the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder body; the flexible nozzle is connected to the lower end of the hydraulic rod and nested in the C-shaped groove; wherein, the C-shaped groove limits the radial disengagement of the flexible nozzle and allows free axial sliding.

2. The multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are installed in the sealed cabin, and the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are all electrically connected to the water and electricity connector through cables.

3. The multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealed cabin is formed by coaxially sealingly assembling a sealed cabin upper cover, a sealed cabin body and a sealed cabin lower cover.

4. The multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each water outlet of the water distributor is connected to a corresponding first connecting water pipe.

5. The multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet and outlet ends of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are each connected to a second connecting water pipe; the three second connecting water pipes located at the water outlet ends of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are respectively sealed with the third connecting water pipe, the fourth connecting water pipe and the hydraulic cylinder body, and the bottom of the third connecting water pipe is connected to the top of the axial nozzle through a threaded seal, and the lower part of the fourth connecting water pipe is connected to the cavity inside the radial expansion body.

6. The multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retractable oblique spray unit further comprises a guide tube, which is fixed above the C-shaped groove and is used to constrain the flexible nozzle to slide along the C-shaped groove.

7. The multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the C-shaped groove is U-shaped, C-shaped or semi-closed.

8. The multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: When water enters the hydraulic cylinder, the water pressure pushes the hydraulic rod to compress the spring and move downward, thereby driving the flexible nozzle to move downward; when water is cut off, the spring drives the hydraulic rod to move upward and reset, driving the flexible nozzle to move upward synchronously.

9. The multifunctional hot water drilling tool for ice drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial through holes are evenly distributed.

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