Operation performance test equipment for sugarcane cultivator-hiller

Abstract

The invention discloses operation performance test equipment for a sugarcane cultivator-hiller. The operation performance test equipment comprises a test mounting platform, a soil conveying mechanism and a soil collecting and weighing mechanism, a banking machine and the soil collecting and weighing mechanism are mounted on the test mounting platform, and the banking machine comprises a soil throwing mechanism and a hopper lifting mechanism; soil for testing is loaded on the soil supply mechanism, and the soil supply mechanism is used for passing through the lower part of a soil throwing mechanism of the banking machine in the testing work; data acquisition modules for acquiring working condition information are arranged in the soil throwing mechanism, the hopper lifting mechanism and the soil supply mechanism; and the soil collecting and weighing mechanism is arranged behind the hopper lifting mechanism. The test equipment can accurately simulate the wide-narrow row planting terrain of the sugarcane, realizes real-time accurate measurement of the soil conveying amount and data driving optimization, is not limited by external conditions, and efficiently verifies the feasibility and the ridging performance of the hopper lifting type sugarcane cultivator-hiller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an agricultural mechanical device, in particular to an operating performance test device for a sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine. Background Art

[0002] Sugarcane is one of the main raw materials for sugar production in my country and is primarily grown in Guangxi, Yunnan, Guangdong, and Hainan. Currently, wide- and narrow-row planting is widely adopted in the major sugarcane-growing regions of Guangxi and Yunnan. Traditional sugarcane tillage and soiling machines are unable to meet the field management requirements of wide- and narrow-row planting. They can only soil the outer edges of the sugarcane on narrow row ridges, but not the center of the sugarcane in these narrow rows. This results in incomplete soiling of the sugarcane, poor lodging resistance in the later stages of growth, and is unfavorable for mechanical harvesting.

[0003] Chinese invention application publication number CN117859427A discloses a hopper-lifting sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine, comprising a frame, a drive unit, a hopper-lifting device, a soil-raising device, and a belt-type transverse soil-splitting device. The soil-splitting device is located in the wide row trench and is suitable for wide and narrow row sugarcane cultivation. During soil-splitting operations, a tractor is connected to the frame using a three-point suspension, driving the sugarcane soil-raising machine. Because the hopper-lifting device is located behind the soil-splitting device, the tractor drives the soil-splitting machine forward. The soil-splitting device first crushes and throws soil in the wide row trench. The hopper-lifting device rotates synchronously during movement, and the soil thrown into the hopper is conveyed via a chain and then discharged onto a discharge plate, where it falls onto the motor-driven belt-type transverse soil-splitting device. The soil then falls from the end of the belt onto the sugarcane soil-splitting position on the narrow row ridge for soil-splitting.

[0004] While this solution is suitable for both wide and narrow row cultivation, its verification relies entirely on field trials. Existing field trials of sugarcane tillage and hilling machines are limited by seasonal and soil conditions, making it difficult to quickly verify the performance of multiple parameter combinations. Furthermore, traditional test benches cannot simulate wide and narrow row terrain, and soil delivery relies on manual measurement, lacking precise soil delivery measurement capabilities. Parameters such as operating speed and tillage depth require manual adjustment on-site. Therefore, a test bench that is not restricted by season, can accurately measure soil delivery, and supports wide and narrow row simulation is urgently needed to provide an efficient verification platform for hopper-lift hilling machines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a sugarcane intertillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment. The test equipment can accurately simulate the wide and narrow row planting terrain of sugarcane, realize the precise control and optimization of multiple parameters such as operating speed, soil throwing speed, lateral displacement, and rotary tillage depth, and can realize real-time precise measurement and data-driven optimization of soil transport volume, without being restricted by external conditions, and efficiently verify the feasibility and soiling performance of the hopper-lifting sugarcane intertillage and soil-raising machine.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test device includes a test installation platform, a soil conveying mechanism, and a soil collecting and weighing mechanism;

[0008] The test installation platform is equipped with a soil-raising machine and the soil collection and weighing mechanism, and the soil-raising machine is provided with a soil-throwing mechanism and a hopper lifting mechanism;

[0009] The soil supply mechanism is loaded with soil for testing and is used to pass under the soil throwing mechanism of the hilling machine during testing. The soil throwing mechanism, the hopper lifting mechanism, and the soil supply mechanism are all equipped with a data acquisition module for collecting working condition information.

[0010] The soil collecting and weighing mechanism is arranged at the rear of the hopper lifting mechanism and is used for collecting and weighing the soil from the hopper lifting mechanism.

[0011] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the soil throwing mechanism includes a soil throwing mounting frame, a rotary tiller, a rotary tiller shaft, and a soil throwing drive motor. The soil throwing mounting frame is arranged on a test mounting platform via a height-adjustable structure. The rotary tiller is arranged on the rotary tiller shaft. The rotary tiller shaft is rotatably connected to the soil throwing mounting frame. The soil throwing drive motor is arranged on a vertical lifting platform and is connected to the rotary tiller shaft via a coupling. Through the above structure, the integrated lifting function of the entire soil throwing mechanism can be realized, which facilitates the precise control of the rotary tillage depth. This design avoids the errors of traditional decentralized adjustment, improves the repeatability of the rotary tillage depth and the test flexibility, and ensures the rapid optimization of parameter combinations under different soil conditions.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hopper lifting mechanism is mounted on the test installation platform via a transverse sliding structure. The transverse sliding structure includes a guide rail and a slider. The guide rail is fixedly mounted on the test installation platform, with its length parallel to the direction of movement of the soil collection and weighing mechanism. The slider is fixedly connected to the hopper lifting mechanism. This facilitates transverse adjustment of the hopper lifting mechanism to achieve different distances from the soil throwing mechanism, simulating different operating conditions and facilitating the optimal distance.

[0013] Furthermore, a scale is provided on the test installation platform, and the scale is parallel to the guide rail so as to accurately control the lateral movement distance of the hopper lifting mechanism.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soil supply mechanism comprises a soil transport trolley and a traction mechanism, wherein the soil transport trolley travels on a round steel track via track wheels;

[0015] The traction mechanism includes a traction rope, a rope reel, a rope reel shaft, a mounting base, and a traction drive motor. The ends of the traction rope are fixedly connected to the soil transport trolley and the rope reel, respectively. The rope reel is fixedly connected to the rope reel shaft, which is rotatably connected to the mounting base and connected to the traction drive motor via a coupling. With this structure, driven by the traction drive motor, the traction rope can pull the soil transport trolley through the bottom of the soil throwing mechanism, automatically delivering soil.

[0016] Furthermore, the traction mechanism is equipped with a frequency regulator, which can accurately adjust the tension and speed of the traction rope, which allows simulation of the travel state under different field conditions.

[0017] Furthermore, both ends of the round steel track are provided with limit rods, which can prevent overload or collision accidents, avoid test interruption, and ensure the safety of operators.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data acquisition module integrates a torque sensor, which can monitor key parameters such as torque, speed and soil resistance in real time. Combined with a high-precision weighing sensor, it can achieve accurate measurement of soil transport volume, providing a reliable basis for test data analysis.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soil collection and weighing mechanism includes a discharge box and a load cell. The discharge box is located below the discharge end of the hopper lifting mechanism, and the load cell is located below the discharge box. The high-precision load cell works in conjunction with a data acquisition module to transmit real-time weight data to a control system. This provides input for a response surface optimization method, helping to identify optimal soil filling parameters and shortening the parameter debugging cycle.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The test equipment of the present invention has been verified through a simulation model of the test bench. It can accurately simulate the soil cultivation effect under the wide-narrow row planting mode, and is not restricted by season or soil conditions. It can quickly perform multi-parameter combination verification, greatly shortening the R&D cycle. Through standardized design and modular components, it reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0022] 2. The high efficiency of the test bench reduces the complexity and cost of field tests and provides a platform support for the intelligentization of agricultural machinery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1-Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment of the present invention from two different perspectives.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the soil throwing mechanism of the hilling machine of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Magnified view of the X in . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0027] Combine Figure 1-Figure 2 The sugarcane tillage and hilling machine operating performance test equipment of this embodiment includes a test installation platform 1, a soil transport mechanism, and a soil collection and weighing mechanism. The test installation platform 1 is mounted with the hilling machine and the soil collection and weighing mechanism. The hilling machine is mounted on a soil throwing mechanism and a hopper lifting mechanism 2. The test installation platform 1 is constructed of aluminum profiles and diagonal braces, secured with feet and expansion screws to ensure stability during testing.

[0028] Combine Figure 3 The soil throwing mechanism includes a soil throwing mounting frame 3, a rotary tiller blade 4, a rotary tiller shaft 5, and a soil throwing drive motor 6. The soil throwing mounting frame 3 is set on the test mounting platform 1 through an adjustable height structure (such as an angle code and a bolt). The rotary tiller blade 4 is set on the rotary tiller shaft 5. The rotary tiller shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the soil throwing mounting frame 3. The soil throwing drive motor 6 is set on a vertical lifting platform 7 and is connected to the rotary tiller shaft 5 through a coupling. Through the above structure, the integrated lifting function of the entire soil throwing mechanism can be realized, which is convenient for accurately controlling the rotary tillage depth. This design avoids the error of traditional decentralized adjustment, improves the repeatability of the rotary tillage depth and the test flexibility, and ensures the rapid optimization of parameter combinations under different soil conditions.

[0029] Combine Figure 4 The hopper lifting mechanism 2 is mounted on the test installation platform 1 via a transverse sliding structure. The transverse sliding structure includes a guide rail 8 and a slider 9. The guide rail 8 is fixed to the test installation platform 1, and the length of the guide rail 8 is parallel to the movement direction of the soil collection and weighing mechanism. The slider 9 is fixedly connected to the hopper lifting mechanism 2. This facilitates the transverse adjustment of the hopper lifting mechanism 2 to obtain different distances from the soil throwing mechanism, simulating different working conditions, and facilitating the selection of the most appropriate distance.

[0030] Furthermore, a scale 10 is provided on the test installation platform 1 , and the scale 10 is parallel to the guide rail 8 , so as to accurately control the lateral movement distance of the hopper lifting mechanism 2 .

[0031] Combine Figure 1-Figure 2The soil supply mechanism is loaded with soil for testing and is used to pass under the soil throwing mechanism of the soil lifter during testing. The soil throwing mechanism, the hopper lifting mechanism 2, and the soil supply mechanism are all equipped with a data acquisition module 11 for collecting working condition information. The soil supply mechanism includes a soil transport trolley 12 and a traction mechanism. The soil transport trolley 12 runs on a round steel track 13 via track wheels. The traction mechanism includes a traction rope 14, a rope reel 15, a rope reel 16, a mounting seat 17, and a traction drive motor 18. The two ends of the traction rope 14 are respectively fixedly connected to the soil transport trolley 12 and the rope reel 15. The rope reel 15 is fixedly connected to the rope reel 16. The rope reel 16 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 17 and is connected to the traction drive motor 18 via a coupling. Through the above structure, under the drive of the traction drive motor 18, the traction rope 14 can pull the soil transport trolley 12 to pass under the soil throwing mechanism, automatically performing the soil delivery operation.

[0032] Furthermore, the traction mechanism is equipped with a frequency regulator, which can accurately adjust the tension and speed of the traction rope 14, which allows simulating the travel state under different field conditions.

[0033] Furthermore, both ends of the round steel track 13 are provided with limit rods 19 to prevent overload or collision accidents, avoid test interruption, and ensure the safety of operators.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data acquisition module 11 integrates a torque sensor, which can monitor key parameters such as torque, rotational speed and soil resistance in real time. Combined with a high-precision weighing sensor, it can achieve accurate measurement of soil transport volume, providing a reliable basis for test data analysis.

[0035] Combine Figure 1-Figure 2 The soil collection and weighing mechanism is located behind the hopper lifting mechanism 2 and is used to collect and weigh the soil from the hopper lifting mechanism 2. The soil collection and weighing mechanism includes a discharge box 20 and a weighing sensor. The discharge box 20 is located below the discharge end of the hopper lifting mechanism 2, and the weighing sensor is located below the discharge box 20. The high-precision weighing sensor works in conjunction with the data acquisition module 11 to transmit weight data to the control system in real time. This provides input for the response surface optimization method, helps find the optimal soil filling parameters, and shortens the parameter debugging cycle.

[0036] Combine Figures 1-4 The working principle of the sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment of this embodiment is as follows:

[0037] Before the test, the hopper lifting mechanism 2 is moved to the preset position of the scale 10 through the guide rail 8, and the soil throwing drive motor 6 is adjusted in height through the vertical lifting platform 7 to optimize the rotary tillage depth, which is suitable for wide and narrow row planting of sugarcane.

[0038] During the soil-raising operation, the soil-carrying trolley 12 is pulled by the traction mechanism to move to the bottom of the soil-throwing mechanism, and the soil-throwing drive motor 6, the lifting drive motor 21 of the hopper lifting mechanism 2, and the traction drive motor 18 are started, and the torque sensor in the data acquisition module 11 is started at the same time. Among them, since the hopper lifting mechanism 2 is located behind the soil-throwing mechanism, when the traction rope 14 pulls the soil-carrying trolley 12 to move forward, the soil-throwing drive motor 6 drives the rotary blade 4 to crush and throw the soil in the soil-carrying trolley 12, and at the same time the hopper lifting mechanism 2 rotates synchronously. The soil thrown into the hopper is transported by the chain and then unloaded on the discharge plate, causing the soil to fall into the discharge box 20, and then the soil is weighed by a high-precision weighing sensor. When the soil-carrying trolley 12 moves to the limit fence, the traction drive motor 18 is immediately stopped, and then the other motors are stopped. At this time, the amount of soil in the discharge box 20 is the amount of soil of the sugarcane falling on the narrow row ridge, thereby obtaining the soil-throwing effect of this experiment.

[0039] During the above-mentioned experimental process, the frequency regulator equipped with the control system can achieve precise control of the operating speed, soil throwing speed, lateral displacement and rotary tillage depth, and the optimal operating parameter combination is obtained through the response surface optimization method, which significantly improves the operating efficiency and soil quality.

[0040] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be considered as equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment, characterized in that: It includes a test installation platform, a soil transport mechanism, and a soil collection and weighing mechanism; The test installation platform is equipped with a soil-raising machine and the soil collection and weighing mechanism, and the soil-raising machine is provided with a soil-throwing mechanism and a hopper lifting mechanism; The soil supply mechanism is loaded with soil for testing and is used to pass under the soil throwing mechanism of the hilling machine during testing. The soil throwing mechanism, the hopper lifting mechanism, and the soil supply mechanism are all equipped with a data acquisition module for collecting working condition information. The soil collecting and weighing mechanism is arranged at the rear of the hopper lifting mechanism and is used for collecting and weighing the soil from the hopper lifting mechanism.

2. The sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil throwing mechanism includes a soil throwing mounting frame, a rotary tiller, a rotary tiller shaft and a soil throwing drive motor. The soil throwing mounting frame is arranged on a test mounting platform through an adjustable height structure. The rotary tiller is arranged on the rotary tiller shaft. The rotary tiller shaft is rotatably connected to the soil throwing mounting frame. The soil throwing drive motor is arranged on a vertical lifting platform and is connected to the rotary tiller shaft through a coupling.

3. The sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hopper lifting mechanism is arranged on the test installation platform through a transverse sliding structure. The transverse sliding structure includes a guide rail and a slider. The guide rail is fixedly arranged on the test installation platform. The length direction of the guide rail is parallel to the moving direction of the soil collection and weighing mechanism. The slider is fixedly connected to the hopper lifting mechanism.

4. The sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The test installation platform is provided with a scale which is parallel to the guide rail so as to accurately control the distance of the lateral movement of the hopper lifting mechanism.

5. The sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil supply mechanism includes a soil transport trolley and a traction mechanism, wherein the soil transport trolley travels on a round steel track via track wheels; The traction mechanism includes a traction rope, a rope winding frame, a rope winding shaft, a mounting seat and a traction drive motor. The two ends of the traction rope are respectively fixedly connected to the soil transport vehicle and the rope winding frame. The rope winding frame is fixedly connected to the rope winding shaft. The rope winding shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting seat and is connected to the traction drive motor through a coupling.

6. The sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The traction mechanism is equipped with a frequency regulator for adjusting the tension and speed of the traction rope.

7. The sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Limit rods are provided at both ends of the round steel track.

8. The sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module is integrated with a torque sensor.

9. The sugarcane tillage and soil-raising machine operating performance test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil collection and weighing mechanism includes a discharge box and a weighing sensor. The discharge box is located below the discharge end of the hopper lifting mechanism, and the weighing sensor is located below the discharge box.

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