Coil connecting device for star imitator magnet and star imitator magnet

Abstract

The invention discloses a coil connecting device for a star imitator magnet and the star imitator magnet, the coil connecting device comprises a shell, a first connecting part and a second connecting part, and a movable space is formed between the outer peripheral surface of each connecting part and the inner wall surface of an accommodating space and between the outer peripheral surface of each connecting part and a connecting hole. The first part of the first connecting part and the second connecting part can relatively rotate around the axial direction of the shell, so that the first connecting part and the second connecting part have a certain degree of freedom of movement in the radial direction of the shell and can adapt to irregular changes of adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils in the radial direction; and the risks of plastic deformation, fatigue cracks and fracture of the connecting part can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of stellarators, and in particular to a coil connection device for a stellarator magnet and a stellarator magnet. Background Art

[0002] A stellarator is a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device that generates a complex magnetic field through external coils to achieve steady-state confinement of high-temperature plasma. Its core design logic is to confine the plasma within a closed magnetic surface through three-dimensional twisted magnetic field lines to avoid contact with the device wall and causing a sudden drop in temperature. The coil design of the stellarator is its technical core, which is divided into two categories: planar coils and non-planar coils. In particular, non-planar coils construct a complex three-dimensional magnetic field. Their spatially shaped twisted structure causes the adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils to be non-parallel and to show irregular changes in multiple degrees of freedom. The two adjacent coils are connected by connecting components. However, when the stellarator is in operation, a single coil is subjected to a dynamic electromagnetic force of the teranenewton level, which can easily cause stress concentration in the connecting components, resulting in plastic deformation, fatigue cracks and even fracture of the connecting components, affecting the performance of the stellarator.

[0003] Therefore, the coil connection components of the stellarator in the prior art are prone to plastic deformation, fatigue cracks and even fracture. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to solve the problem in the prior art that the coil connection components of the stellarator are prone to plastic deformation, fatigue cracks and even fracture.

[0005] The present application provides a coil connection device for a stellarator magnet, which is used to connect two adjacent coils in the stellarator magnet. The coil connection device includes a shell, the shell has a accommodating space, and the shell is provided with a first connecting hole at the first end along its axial direction and a second connecting hole at the second end, the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole both connecting the accommodating space with the external space of the shell; a first connecting component and a second connecting component are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction of the shell, each connecting component in the first connecting component and the second connecting component includes a first part and a second part connected to each other, and the first part is located in the accommodating space; in the axial direction of the shell, the first part of the first connecting component is arranged close to the first part of the second connecting component, and the second part of the first connecting component is arranged away from the second part of the second connecting component, and the second part of the first connecting component passes through the first connecting hole for fixed connection with one of the two adjacent coils, and the second part of the second connecting component passes through the second connecting hole for fixed connection with the other coil of the two adjacent coils.

[0006] In the radial direction of the housing, a first movable space is defined between the outer circumferential surface of the first portion of each connecting component and the inner wall surface of the accommodating space, a second movable space is defined between the outer circumferential surface of the second portion of the first connecting component and the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole, and a third movable space is defined between the outer circumferential surface of the second portion of the second connecting component and the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole. Furthermore, the first portion of the first connecting component and the first portion of the second connecting component are capable of relative rotation about the axial direction of the housing and relative movement along the radial direction of the housing. Furthermore, the housing has a first annular region located around the first connecting hole and a second annular region located around the second connecting hole. The first annular region is configured to restrict the first portion of the first connecting component from sliding out of the accommodating space in the axial direction of the housing, and the second annular region is configured to restrict the first portion of the second connecting component from sliding out of the accommodating space in the axial direction of the housing.

[0007] Adopting the above technical solution, the connection device of the present application includes two parts, namely, a first connection component and a second connection component, and a first movable space is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the first part of each connection component and the inner wall surface of the accommodating space. A second movable space is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the second part of the first connection component and the inner wall surface of the first connection hole, and a third movable space is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the second part of the second connection component and the inner wall surface of the second connection hole, so that the first connection component and the second connection component have a certain degree of freedom of movement in the radial direction of the shell, and can adapt to the irregular changes in the radial direction of the adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils. When the adjacent coils produce relative displacement in the radial direction due to the spatial special-shaped torsional structure, the first connection component and the second connection component can move accordingly in the radial direction of the shell, avoiding excessive stress on the first connection component and the second connection component due to the limited radial displacement.

[0008] In addition, the first portion of the first connecting member and the first portion of the second connecting member are capable of relative rotation about the axial direction of the housing and relative movement along the radial direction of the housing. During stellarator operation, even if a single coil is subjected to dynamic electromagnetic forces at the teraneonics level, causing the coil to undergo complex motion and deformation, the ability of the first and second connecting members to relative rotation about the axial direction and relative movement along the radial direction allows them to better follow the dynamic changes of the coils, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of stress concentration in a localized area of ​​the connecting member due to a rigid connection, and helping to reduce the risk of plastic deformation, fatigue cracking, and even fracture of the connecting member.

[0009] In addition, the shell has a first annular area located around the first connecting hole and a second annular area located around the second connecting hole. The first annular area is used to limit the first portion of the first connecting component from sliding out of the housing space in the axial direction of the shell, and the second annular area is used to limit the first portion of the second connecting component from sliding out of the housing space in the axial direction of the shell. As the connecting component follows the dynamic changes of the coil, this design can ensure that the connecting component is always in a reasonable working position and will not be separated from the normal connection state due to excessive axial movement. This ensures the stability and reliability of the connection between the connecting component and the coil, thereby ensuring the performance of the stellarator.

[0010] In summary, the coil connection device provided in the present application can solve the problem of stress concentration and easy damage of the connecting parts caused by the spatial irregular torsional structure and dynamic electromagnetic force when connecting non-planar coils in the stellarator, and can improve the performance and reliability of the stellarator.

[0011] According to the coil connection device for the stellarator magnet provided in the present application, a first annular elastic component is sandwiched between the first part of the first connecting component and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell, and a second annular elastic component is sandwiched between the first part of the second connecting component and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell.

[0012] Using this technical solution, by providing a first and second annular elastic component, a single coil is subjected to dynamic electromagnetic forces in the teraneanth range during stellarator operation. This powerful dynamic force can cause the coil to vibrate and impact violently. When the coil vibrates under the influence of this dynamic electromagnetic force, the elastic component undergoes elastic deformation, absorbing and dissipating some of the vibration energy, acting as a buffer and shock absorber. This reduces the peak impact force on the connecting component, reduces the risk of damage to the connecting component due to severe impact, and extends the connecting component's service life.

[0013] Furthermore, due to the spatially shaped, twisted structure of non-planar coils, adjacent coil faces are non-parallel and exhibit irregular variations in multiple degrees of freedom, potentially leading to minute relative displacement of the coils during operation. The annular elastic component elastically expands and contracts with the coil's minute displacement, maintaining close contact with the connecting components and the housing. This prevents hard collisions and friction caused by displacement, thereby reducing noise. Furthermore, it automatically adjusts its deformation based on varying stress conditions, maintaining effective support for the connecting components and dispersing stress, allowing it to adapt to a variety of complex operating conditions.

[0014] According to the coil connection device for stellarator magnets provided in the present application, the first annular elastic component is configured as an annular spring or an annular elastic block, and the second annular elastic component is configured as an annular spring or an annular elastic block.

[0015] According to the coil connection device for the stellarator magnet provided by the present application, the coil connection device also includes a first support ring and a second support ring located in the accommodating space; in the axial direction of the shell, the first support ring is pressed between the end of the first part of the first connecting component close to the second part and the inner side surface of the first annular area, one side of the first support ring is in contact with the first partial spherical surface of the first connecting component, and the other side of the first support ring is in contact with the inner side surface of the first annular area; and the first annular elastic component is sleeved on the outer circumference of the first support ring and pressed between the outer circumference of the first support ring and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell in the radial direction of the shell; in the axial direction of the shell, the second support ring is pressed between the end of the first part of the second connecting component close to the second part and the inner side surface of the second annular area, one side of the second support ring is in contact with the first partial spherical surface of the second connecting component, and the other side of the second support ring is in contact with the inner side surface of the second annular area; and the second annular elastic component is sleeved on the outer circumference of the second support ring and pressed between the outer circumference of the second support ring and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell in the radial direction of the shell.

[0016] Using the above technical solution, since the non-planar coils in the stellarator have a spatially shaped twisted structure, the adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils are not parallel and show irregular changes with multiple degrees of freedom. One side of the first support ring contacts the first part of the spherical surface of the first connecting component, and one side of the second support ring contacts the first part of the spherical surface of the second connecting component. The spherical contact design enables the first parts of the first connecting component and the second connecting component to perform small rotations and movements with multiple degrees of freedom within a certain range. The support ring can provide support and guidance for this movement without restricting the normal movement of the connecting components. It can enable the connecting device to flexibly adjust to the dynamic changes of the coils and always maintain a good connection state.

[0017] According to the coil connection device for the stellarator magnet provided in the present application, a first concave spherical structure is formed on the first support ring, and the first part of the first connecting component is formed with: a first convex spherical structure that adapts to and abuts against the first concave spherical structure, and a second concave spherical structure is formed on the second support ring, and the first part of the second connecting component is formed with: a second convex spherical structure that adapts to and abuts against the second concave spherical surface; the first concave spherical structure and / or the first convex spherical structure are coated with a first lubricating layer, and the second concave spherical structure and / or the second convex spherical structure are coated with a second lubricating layer.

[0018] Using this technical solution, the first concave spherical structure and / or the first convex spherical structure are coated with a first lubricating layer, and the second concave spherical structure and / or the second convex spherical structure are coated with a second lubricating layer. The lubricating layer can reduce the sliding friction coefficient between the spherical surfaces, making the connected components move more smoothly.

[0019] According to the coil connection device for the stellarator magnet provided in the present application, a third raised spherical structure is formed at the end of the first part of the first connecting component away from the second part, and a fourth raised spherical structure is formed at the end of the first part of the second connecting component away from the second part; and the third raised spherical structure and the fourth raised spherical structure are arranged opposite to each other and at least partially abut against each other.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the relative abutment design of the third raised spherical structure and the fourth raised spherical structure enables the two connecting components to rotate and move in multiple directions, and can easily adapt to the various angles and displacements produced when the coil changes in complex spatial position, ensuring that the connecting device can always tightly and reliably connect the coil, avoiding loose connection or jamming due to coil movement.

[0021] According to the coil connection device for the stellarator magnet provided in the present application, the third raised spherical structure is coated with a first buffer layer, and the side of the first buffer layer away from the third raised spherical structure is coated with a third lubricating layer; the fourth raised spherical structure is coated with a second buffer layer, and the side of the second buffer layer away from the fourth raised spherical structure is coated with a fourth lubricating layer.

[0022] The above technical solution, by coating the third raised spherical structure with a first buffer layer and the fourth raised spherical structure with a second buffer layer, allows elastic deformation during relative motion of the connecting components, ensuring that the two spherical surfaces maintain close contact and preventing loosening or jamming of the connection due to restricted motion. The first buffer layer is coated with a third lubricating layer on the side away from the third raised spherical structure, and the second buffer layer is coated with a fourth lubricating layer on the side away from the fourth raised spherical structure. This reduces the sliding friction coefficient between the spherical surfaces, ensuring smoother movement of the connecting components.

[0023] According to the coil connection device for the stellarator magnet provided in the present application, the shell includes a first half shell and a second half shell, which are connected to each other and fixed by fasteners; and the first connecting component and the second connecting component are both configured as convex connecting blocks, the large diameter portion of the convex connecting block is the first part, and the small diameter portion of the convex connecting block is the second part.

[0024] Using the above technical solution, the shell includes a first half shell and a second half shell, which are docked with each other and fixed by fasteners; this makes it easier to assemble the two connecting parts with the shell, and the first connecting part and the second connecting part are both configured as convex connecting blocks, which makes it easier to process the first connecting part and the second connecting part.

[0025] The present application also provides a stellarator magnet, comprising a plurality of coils, wherein two adjacent coils in the plurality of coils are connected by at least one coil connecting device of the above structure; and the plurality of coils include planar coils and / or non-planar coils.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the stellarator magnet provided in the present application can solve the problem of stress concentration and easy damage of the connecting parts caused by the spatial irregular torsional structure and dynamic electromagnetic force when connecting non-planar coils in the stellarator, because two adjacent coils can be connected by at least one coil connecting device of the above structure, thereby improving the performance and reliability of the stellarator.

[0027] According to the stellarator magnet provided by the present application, each coil includes a coil body and a coil shell arranged outside the coil body, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the coil shell; the second part of the first connecting component in the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod of one of the coils to be fixedly connected to one of the coils through the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is also passed through the first connecting hole, and a second movable space is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the connecting rod and the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole; the second part of the second connecting component in the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod of another coil to be fixedly connected to the other coil through the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is also passed through the second connecting hole, and a third movable space is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the connecting rod and the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole.

[0028] With the above technical solution, a connecting rod is fixedly attached to the coil housing, and the free space between the outer circumference of the connecting rod and the inner wall of the connecting hole provides a certain tolerance range for installation. The operator does not need to precisely align the connecting rod and the connecting hole; as long as the connecting rod can be inserted into the connecting hole and roughly positioned within the free space, installation is more convenient. When the stellarator needs to be maintained or parts replaced, the free space makes it easier to extract and insert the connecting rod from the connecting hole. The operator can quickly disassemble and reinstall the connecting device without using complex tools or performing tedious operations, reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance and shortening maintenance time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stellarator magnet coil assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a coil connection device and a coil for a stellarator magnet provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a coil connection device for a stellarator magnet provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a shell in a coil connection device for a stellarator magnet provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first connecting component in the coil connecting device for stellarator magnets provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the coil connection device for the stellarator magnet provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] 10. Housing; 10A, first half shell; 10B, second half shell; 101, first connecting hole; 1011, first annular area; 102, second connecting hole; 1021, second annular area; 103, first activity space; 104, second activity space; 105, third activity space;

[0037] 100. First connecting component; 110. First portion; 1101. First raised spherical structure; 11011. First lubricating layer; 1102. Second raised spherical structure; 11012. Second lubricating layer; 1103. Third raised spherical structure; 11031. First buffer layer; 11032. Third lubricating layer; 1104. Fourth raised spherical structure; 11041. Second buffer layer; 11042. Fourth lubricating layer; 111. First annular elastic component; 112. Second annular elastic component; 113. First supporting ring; 1131. First recessed spherical structure; 114. Second supporting ring; 1141. Second recessed spherical structure; 120. Second portion;

[0038] 200, second connecting member;

[0039] 300, coil; 310, coil body; 320, coil housing; 301, planar coil; 302, non-planar coil;

[0040] 400. Connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] A stellarator is a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device that achieves steady-state confinement of high-temperature plasma by generating a complex magnetic field through external coils. Its core is the three-dimensional twisted magnetic field lines that confine the plasma within a closed magnetic surface. Coil design is the core technology, with planar and non-planar coils. In particular, non-planar coils construct a complex three-dimensional magnetic field. Their spatially shaped twisted structure makes the adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils non-parallel and the multiple degrees of freedom change irregularly. Adjacent coils are connected by connecting parts, but during operation, a single coil is subjected to teraflops of dynamic electromagnetic forces, which can easily cause stress concentration in the connecting parts, leading to plastic deformation, fatigue cracks and even fracture, affecting the performance of the stellarator.

[0042] To address these issues, this application provides a novel coil connection device for stellarator magnets. This connection device comprises two connecting components that can rotate relative to each other about the axial direction of the housing and move relative to each other radially. During operation, even if a single coil experiences complex motion deformation due to dynamic electromagnetic forces, the connecting components can adapt, avoiding localized stress concentration caused by a rigid connection, reducing the risk of damage, and ultimately improving the performance of the stellarator.

[0043] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the implementation methods of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] This application provides a coil connection device for stellarator magnets, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , used to connect two adjacent coils 300 in a stellarator magnet, the coil connecting device includes a shell 10 and a first connecting component 100 and a second connecting component 200 arranged in the shell 10.

[0045] Specifically, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The shell 10 has a storage space therein, and the shell 10 has a first connecting hole 101 at the first end along its axial direction and a second connecting hole 102 at the second end. The first connecting hole 101 and the second connecting hole 102 both connect the storage space with the external space of the shell 10.

[0046] The structure of the housing 10 is not limited, and it can be an integrated structure or a split structure.

[0047] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 6 The housing 10 may include a first half-shell 10A and a second half-shell 10B. The first half-shell 10A and the second half-shell 10B are butted together and fixed by fasteners, such as bolts, to form the housing 10. During assembly, the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200 may be first installed between the first half-shell 10A and the second half-shell 10B, and then the first half-shell 10A and the second half-shell 10B are fastened together. This facilitates assembly of the two connecting members with the housing 10.

[0048] It should be understood that the wall thickness of the first and second half shells 10A, 10B is not limited, but is determined by the electromagnetic force of the coils. They are made of high-strength metal. During processing, ear-shaped structures can be machined for ease of installation, with bolt holes machined into them. Bolts are used to connect the first and second half shells 10A, 10B.

[0049] For the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 may be arranged opposite each other in the axial direction of the housing 10. Specifically, each connecting component in the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 may include a first portion 110 and a second portion 120 connected to each other, with the first portion 110 located within the accommodation space. During installation, the first portion 110 is first installed between the first half-shell 10A and the second half-shell 10B, and then the first half-shell 10A and the second half-shell 10B are fastened together. In the axial direction of the housing 10, the first portion 110 of the first connecting component 100 and the first portion 110 of the second connecting component 200 are arranged close to each other, while the second portion 120 of the first connecting component 100 and the second portion 120 of the second connecting component 200 are arranged away from each other. The second portion 120 of the first connecting component 100 extends through the first connecting hole 101 for fixed connection with one of the two adjacent coils 300, while the second portion 120 of the second connecting component 200 extends through the second connecting hole 102 for fixed connection with the other of the two adjacent coils 300.

[0050] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the first connecting member 100 and the second portion 120 of the second connecting member 200 may be directly connected to the coil 300, or may be connected to the coil 300 through an intermediate structure, for example, a connecting rod 400 may be provided on the coil housing 320 of the coil 300 (see Figure 2 and Figure 6 ), connecting the second portion 120 of the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 to the connecting rod 400.

[0051] Furthermore, in the radial direction of the housing 10, see Figure 3 A first movable space 103 is defined between the outer circumference of the first portion 110 of each connecting component and the inner wall of the accommodation space. A second movable space 104 is defined between the outer circumference of the second portion 120 of the first connecting component 100 and the inner wall of the first connecting hole 101. A third movable space 105 is defined between the outer circumference of the second portion 120 of the second connecting component 200 and the inner wall of the second connecting hole 102. This allows the first and second connecting components 100 and 200 to have a certain degree of freedom of movement in the radial direction of the housing 10, allowing them to adapt to irregular radial variations in the adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils 300. During stellarator operation, when adjacent coils 300 undergo relative radial displacement due to the spatially shaped torsional structure, the first and second connecting components 100 and 200 can move accordingly in the radial direction of the housing 10, preventing excessive stress on the first and second connecting components 100 and 200 due to limited radial displacement.

[0052] Based on the above structure, the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 in this embodiment are further configured such that the first portion 110 of the first connecting component 100 and the first portion 110 of the second connecting component 200 can rotate relative to each other about the axial direction of the housing 10, and can move relative to each other along the radial direction of the housing 10. Thus, during operation of the stellarator, even if a single coil 300 is subjected to a dynamic electromagnetic force of the teraneonics level, causing complex movement and deformation of two adjacent coils 300, for example, when two adjacent coils 300 slide or rotate relative to each other, the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 can rotate relative to each other about the axial direction and move relative to each other in the radial direction, thereby better following the dynamic changes of the coils 300. This avoids the phenomenon of stress concentration in a local area of ​​the connecting component due to a rigid connection, and helps reduce the risk of plastic deformation, fatigue cracks, and even fracture of the connecting component.

[0053] Further, in this embodiment, see Figure 2 The housing 10 has a first annular region 1011 located around the first connecting hole 101, and a second annular region 1021 located around the second connecting hole 102. The first annular region 1011 is used to restrict the first portion 110 of the first connecting component 100 from sliding out of the accommodation space in the axial direction of the housing 10, and the second annular region 1021 is used to restrict the first portion 110 of the second connecting component 200 from sliding out of the accommodation space in the axial direction of the housing 10. As the connecting component follows the dynamic changes of the coil 300, this design ensures that the connecting component is always in a reasonable working position and will not be deviated from the normal connection state due to excessive axial movement. This ensures the stability and reliability of the connection between the connecting component and the coil 300, allowing two adjacent coils 300 to be constrained within a preset position range and not be affected by relative movement, thereby ensuring the performance of the stellarator.

[0054] Furthermore, when the stellarator is in operation, the single coil 300 will be subjected to a dynamic electromagnetic force of the magnitude of teranes. This powerful dynamic force will cause the coil 300 to vibrate and impact violently. Figure 3 A first annular elastic component 111 is sandwiched between the first portion 110 of the first connecting component 100 and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the housing 10, and a second annular elastic component 112 is sandwiched between the first portion 110 of the second connecting component 200 and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the housing 10. Thus, when the coil 300 vibrates under the action of dynamic electromagnetic force, the elastic component can elastically deform, absorbing and consuming part of the vibration energy, acting as a buffer and shock absorber, thereby reducing the peak impact force on the connecting component, reducing the risk of damage to the connecting component due to severe impact, and extending the service life of the connecting component.

[0055] Furthermore, due to the spatially shaped twisted structure of the non-planar coil 302, adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils 300 are non-parallel and exhibit irregular variations with multiple degrees of freedom, potentially leading to slight relative displacement of the coils during operation. The annular elastic component elastically expands and contracts with the displacement of the coil 300, maintaining close contact with the connecting component and the housing 10. This prevents hard collisions and friction caused by displacement, thereby reducing noise. Furthermore, it automatically adjusts its deformation based on varying stress conditions, maintaining effective support for the connecting component and dispersing stress, adapting to various complex operating conditions.

[0056] The structures of the first annular elastic component 111 and the second annular elastic component 112 are not limited; for example, the first annular elastic component 111 is configured as an annular spring or an annular elastic block, and the second annular elastic component 112 is configured as an annular spring or an annular elastic block.

[0057] In one embodiment, the first annular elastic component 111 and the second annular elastic component 112 are both configured as annular springs.

[0058] In another embodiment, the first annular elastic component 111 and the second annular elastic component 112 are both configured as annular elastic blocks.

[0059] In another embodiment, one of the first annular elastic component 111 and the second annular elastic component 112 may be configured as an annular spring and the other as an annular elastic block.

[0060] The materials of the annular spring and the annular elastic block are not limited, and they can be, for example, metal materials, plastics, rubber, etc. with good deformation ability.

[0061] Based on the above structure, in this embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 6The coil connection device also includes a first support ring 113 and a second support ring 114 located in the accommodating space; in the axial direction of the shell 10, the first support ring 113 is pressed between one end of the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100 close to the second part 120 and the inner side surface of the first annular area 1011, and the inner side surface of the first annular area 1011 refers to the side located in the accommodating space; one side surface of the first support ring 113 is in spherical contact with the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100, and the other side surface of the first support ring 113 is in contact with the inner side surface of the first annular area 1011; and the first annular elastic component 111 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the first support ring 113 and is pressed against the first support ring 113 in the radial direction of the shell 10. and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell 10; in the axial direction of the shell 10, the second support ring 114 is pressed between the end of the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200 close to the second part 120 and the inner side surface of the second annular area 1021, and the inner side surface of the second annular area 1021 refers to the side surface located in the accommodating space; one side surface of the second support ring 114 is in spherical contact with the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200, and the other side surface of the second support ring 114 is in contact with the inner side surface of the second annular area 1021; and the second annular elastic component 112 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the second support ring 114, and is pressed between the outer circumference of the second support ring 114 and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell 10 in the radial direction of the shell 10.

[0062] In this solution, because the non-planar coils 302 in the stellarator have a spatially shaped twisted structure, the adjacent surfaces of adjacent coils are non-parallel and exhibit irregular changes in multiple degrees of freedom. One side of the first support ring 113 makes spherical contact with the first portion 110 of the first connecting component 100, and one side of the second support ring 114 makes spherical contact with the first portion 110 of the second connecting component 200. The spherical contact design enables the first portions 110 of the first connecting component 100 and the second connecting component 200 to perform micro-rotations and movements with multiple degrees of freedom within a certain range. The support rings can provide support and guidance for this movement without restricting the normal movement of the connecting components, allowing the connection device to flexibly adjust to the dynamic changes of the coils 300, always maintaining a good connection state.

[0063] The specific structures of the first support ring 113 and the second support ring 114 are not limited. Figure 3For example, the side surfaces of the first support ring 113 and the second support ring 114 close to the first part 110 may be processed into concave curved surfaces, that is, a first concave spherical structure 1131 is formed on the first support ring 113, and the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100 is formed with: a first convex spherical structure 1101 adapted to and abutted against the first concave spherical structure 1131, and a second concave spherical structure 1141 is formed on the second support ring 114, and the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200 is formed with: a second convex spherical structure 1102 adapted to and abutted against the second concave spherical surface.

[0064] Further, see Figure 3 The first concave spherical structure 1131 and / or the first convex spherical structure 1101 are coated with a first lubricating layer 11011, and the second concave spherical structure 1141 and / or the second convex spherical structure 1102 are coated with a second lubricating layer 11012. The lubricating layer can reduce the sliding friction coefficient between the spheres, making the connecting parts move more smoothly.

[0065] Specifically, both the first concave spherical structure 1131 and the first convex spherical structure 1101 may be coated with the first lubricating layer 11011, or one of the first concave spherical structure 1131 and the first convex spherical structure 1101 may be coated with the first lubricating layer 11011, and the other may not be coated. For example, the first concave spherical structure 1131 may be coated with the first lubricating layer 11011, and the first convex spherical structure 1101 may not be coated.

[0066] For the second concave spherical structure 1141 and the second convex spherical structure 1102, both the second concave spherical structure 1141 and the second convex spherical structure 1102 can be coated with the second lubricating layer 11012, or one of the second concave spherical structure 1141 and the second convex spherical structure 1102 can be coated with the second lubricating layer 11012, and the other one can be not coated, for example, the second concave spherical structure 1141 can be coated with the second lubricating layer 11012, and the second convex spherical structure 1102 can be not coated.

[0067] Further, see Figure 3A third raised spherical structure 1103 is formed on the end of the first part 110 of the first connecting component 100 away from the second part 120, and a fourth raised spherical structure 1104 is formed on the end of the first part 110 of the second connecting component 200 away from the second part 120; and the third raised spherical structure 1103 and the fourth raised spherical structure 1104 are arranged opposite to each other and at least partially abut against each other, for example, in the initial state of the connecting device, the vertices of the two spheres may be abutted. The relative abutment design of the third raised spherical structure 1103 and the fourth raised spherical structure 1104 enables the two connecting components to rotate and move in multiple directions. For example, when two adjacent coils 300 slide relative to each other, the two first parts 110 can move relative to the radial direction; when two adjacent coils 300 rotate relative to each other, the two first parts 110 can rotate relative to each other; when two adjacent coils 300 both slide relative to each other and rotate relative to each other, the two first parts 110 will tilt and rotate relative to each other; at this time, the rotation axis of the first part 110 is tilted relative to the axial direction of the shell 10; this embodiment utilizes the relative abutment design of the third raised spherical structure 1103 and the fourth raised spherical structure 1104, which can easily adapt to various angles and displacements generated by the coil 300 when the spatial position changes in complex spaces; ensure that the connecting device can always tightly and reliably connect the coil 300, and avoid loose connection or jamming due to the movement of the coil 300.

[0068] Moreover, when multiple connecting devices are connected between two adjacent coils 300, since the bending degrees at different positions of the non-planar coil 302 are different, the relative abutment design of the third raised spherical structure 1103 and the fourth raised spherical structure 1104 is utilized in this embodiment, so that the two first parts 110 can adapt to the bending degrees at different positions, thereby making the connecting device more adaptable.

[0069] Further, see Figure 3The third raised spherical structure 1103 is coated with a first buffer layer 11031, and the side of the first buffer layer 11031 away from the third raised spherical structure 1103 is coated with a third lubricating layer 11032. The fourth raised spherical structure 1104 is coated with a second buffer layer 11041, and the side of the second buffer layer 11041 away from the fourth raised spherical structure 1104 is coated with a fourth lubricating layer 11042. By coating the third raised spherical structure 1103 with the first buffer layer 11031 and the fourth raised spherical structure 1104 with the second buffer layer 11041, elastic deformation can occur during relative motion of the connecting components, ensuring that the two spherical surfaces are always in close contact, preventing loosening or jamming of the connection due to restricted motion. The side of the first buffer layer 11031 away from the third raised spherical structure 1103 is coated with a third lubricating layer 11032, and the side of the second buffer layer 11041 away from the fourth raised spherical structure 1104 is coated with a fourth lubricating layer 11042, which can reduce the sliding friction coefficient between the spherical surfaces and make the connecting parts move more smoothly.

[0070] The structures of the first and second buffer layers 11031 and 11041 are not limited; for example, they may be rubber pads placed on the raised spherical structure. The lubricating layer may be applied directly or by vapor deposition. The lubricating layer is made of a wear-resistant material that is nonvolatile and non-oxidative and has a stable composition. For example, it may be a lubricating oil film applied directly to the spherical surface. The lubricating layer may be any of the first lubricating layer 11011, the second lubricating layer 11012, the third lubricating layer 11032, and the fourth lubricating layer 11042.

[0071] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first portion 110 and the second portion 120 of the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200 may be configured as an integrated structure or a split structure, see Figure 5 For example, the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200 can both be configured as convex connecting blocks, with the larger diameter portion of the convex connecting block being the first portion 110 and the smaller diameter portion of the convex connecting block being the second portion 120. This makes it easier to process the first connecting member 100 and the second connecting member 200.

[0072] Finally, it should be understood that the coil connection device provided in this application can be suitable for connecting two planar coils 301, or for connecting a planar coil 301 and a non-planar coil 302; it can also be suitable for connecting two non-planar coils 302, and the specific choice can be made according to actual needs.

[0073] The present application also provides a stellarator magnet, comprising a plurality of coils 300 (see Figure 1), two adjacent coils 300 in the multiple coils 300 are connected by at least one coil connecting device of the above structure; and the multiple coils 300 include planar coils 301 and / or non-planar coils 302.

[0074] The number of coils is not limited, and can be, for example, 8, 9, 10, or more. The type of coils is also not limited, and can be, for example, all planar coils 301, all non-planar coils 302, or a combination of planar coils 301 and non-planar coils 302. Because two adjacent coils can be connected via at least one coil connection device of the aforementioned structure, this stellarator magnet can resolve the problem of stress concentration and susceptibility to damage in the connecting components caused by the spatially shaped torsional structure and dynamic electromagnetic forces when connecting non-planar coils 302 in the stellarator, thereby improving the performance and reliability of the stellarator.

[0075] It should be understood that the number of connection devices between two adjacent coils is not limited and should be determined based on the peak magnetic force, for example, any number such as 4 or 5 can be set.

[0076] Further, based on the above structure, see Figure 2 and Figure 6 Each coil includes a coil body 310 and a coil shell 320 arranged outside the coil body 310, and a connecting rod 400 is fixedly connected to the coil shell 320; the second part 120 of the first connecting component 100 in the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod 400 of one of the coils to be fixedly connected to one of the coils through the connecting rod 400, and the connecting rod 400 is also passed through the first connecting hole 101, and a second movable space 104 is defined between the outer peripheral surface of the connecting rod 400 and the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole 101; the second part 120 of the second connecting component 200 in the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod 400 of the other coil to be fixedly connected to the other coil through the connecting rod 400, and the connecting rod 400 is also passed through the second connecting hole 102, and a third movable space 105 is defined between the outer peripheral surface of the connecting rod 400 and the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole 102 (see Figure 3 ).

[0077] It should be understood that the coil housing 320 is a shell disposed outside the coil body 310 , which provides mechanical structural support for the coil 300 subjected to electromagnetic force under a magnetic field, and can be made of high-strength metal material.

[0078] By fixing the connecting rod 400 to the coil housing 320, the movable space between the outer peripheral surface of the connecting rod 400 and the inner wall of the connecting hole can provide a certain tolerance range for installation. The operator does not need to precisely align the connecting rod 400 and the connecting hole. As long as the connecting rod 400 can be inserted into the connecting hole and roughly positioned within the movable space, installation is more convenient. When the stellarator needs to be maintained or parts replaced, the movable space makes it easier to withdraw and insert the connecting rod 400 from the connecting hole. The operator can quickly disassemble and reinstall the connecting device without using complex tools or performing tedious operations, reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance and shortening maintenance time.

[0079] It should be understood that one end of the connecting rod 400 connected to the coil shell 320 can be set as a contoured structure that is adapted to the outer shape of the coil shell 320. When connected, the connecting rod 400 can be welded to the coil shell 320, or the connecting rod 400 and the coil shell 320 can be integrally formed; the other end of the connecting rod 400 is embedded in the second part 120 and is fixed by interference fit.

[0080] In summary, the coil connection device provided in this application can solve the problem of stress concentration and easy damage of the connecting parts caused by the spatial irregular torsional structure and dynamic electromagnetic force when connecting the non-planar coil 302 in the stellarator, and can improve the performance and reliability of the stellarator.

[0081] It should be noted that, in addition to the embodiments of the present invention described in the above specific embodiments, those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention is introduced in conjunction with the preferred embodiment, this does not mean that the features of this invention are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the invention in conjunction with the embodiment is to cover other options or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In order to provide an in-depth understanding of the present invention, the above description contains many specific details, and the present invention can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or blurring the focus of the present invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0082] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0083] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0084] The terms “first”, “second”, etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0085] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this embodiment based on specific circumstances.

[0086] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is provided as a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, and that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art may make various changes in form and details, including simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coil connection device for a stellarator magnet, used to connect two adjacent coils in the stellarator magnet, characterized in that: The coil connection device comprises: a housing having an accommodation space therein, and a first connecting hole being provided at a first end of the housing along its axial direction, and a second connecting hole being provided at a second end thereof, wherein both the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole communicate with the accommodation space and a space outside the housing; a first connecting member and a second connecting member are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction of the housing, each of the first connecting member and the second connecting member comprises a first portion and a second portion connected to each other, the first portion being located within the accommodating space; in the axial direction of the housing, the first portion of the first connecting member and the first portion of the second connecting member are arranged close to each other, the second portion of the first connecting member and the second portion of the second connecting member are arranged away from each other, the second portion of the first connecting member passes through the first connecting hole for fixed connection with one of the two adjacent coils, and the second portion of the second connecting member passes through the second connecting hole for fixed connection with the other of the two adjacent coils; wherein, in the radial direction of the shell, a first movable space is defined between the outer circumferential surface of the first portion of each connecting component and the inner wall surface of the accommodating space, a second movable space is defined between the outer circumferential surface of the second portion of the first connecting component and the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole, and a third movable space is defined between the outer circumferential surface of the second portion of the second connecting component and the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole, and the first portion of the first connecting component and the first portion of the second connecting component are capable of relative rotation about the axial direction of the shell and relative movement along the radial direction of the shell; In addition, the shell has a first annular area located around the first connecting hole and a second annular area located around the second connecting hole. The first annular area is used to limit the first part of the first connecting component from sliding out of the accommodating space in the axial direction of the shell, and the second annular area is used to limit the first part of the second connecting component from sliding out of the accommodating space in the axial direction of the shell.

2. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first annular elastic component is sandwiched between the first portion of the first connecting component and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the housing. A second annular elastic component is sandwiched between the first portion of the second connecting component and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the housing.

3. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first annular elastic component is configured as an annular spring or an annular elastic block, and the second annular elastic component is configured as an annular spring or an annular elastic block.

4. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to claim 3, wherein: The coil connection device further includes a first support ring and a second support ring located in the accommodation space; In the axial direction of the housing, the first support ring is pressed between one end of the first portion of the first connecting member close to the second portion and the inner side surface of the first annular region, one side surface of the first support ring is in contact with the spherical surface of the first portion of the first connecting member, and the other side surface of the first support ring is in contact with the inner side surface of the first annular region; and the first annular elastic member is sleeved on the outer circumference of the first support ring and is pressed between the outer circumference of the first support ring and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the housing in the radial direction of the housing; In the axial direction of the shell, the second support ring is pressed between one end of the first part of the second connecting component close to the second part and the inner side surface of the second annular area, one side surface of the second support ring is in contact with the spherical surface of the first part of the second connecting component, and the other side surface of the second support ring is in contact with the inner side surface of the second annular area; and the second annular elastic component is sleeved on the outer circumference of the second support ring and is pressed between the outer circumference of the second support ring and the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall of the shell in the radial direction of the shell.

5. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first supporting ring is formed with a first concave spherical surface structure, the first portion of the first connecting component is formed with a first convex spherical surface structure adapted to and abutting against the first concave spherical surface structure, the second supporting ring is formed with a second concave spherical surface structure, the first portion of the second connecting component is formed with a second convex spherical surface structure adapted to and abutting against the second concave spherical surface structure; and The first concave spherical surface structure and / or the first convex spherical surface structure are coated with a first lubricating layer, and the second concave spherical surface structure and / or the second convex spherical surface structure are coated with a second lubricating layer.

6. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A third raised spherical structure is formed at one end of the first part of the first connecting component away from the second part, and a fourth raised spherical structure is formed at one end of the first part of the second connecting component away from the second part; and the third raised spherical structure and the fourth raised spherical structure are arranged opposite to each other and at least partially abut against each other.

7. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third raised spherical structure is coated with a first buffer layer, and the side of the first buffer layer away from the third raised spherical structure is coated with a third lubricating layer; the fourth raised spherical structure is coated with a second buffer layer, and the side of the second buffer layer away from the fourth raised spherical structure is coated with a fourth lubricating layer.

8. The coil connection device for stellarator magnets according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The housing comprises a first half shell and a second half shell, the first half shell and the second half shell being butted against each other and fixed by fasteners; and The first connecting component and the second connecting component are both configured as convex connecting blocks, the large-diameter portion of the convex connecting block is the first portion, and the small-diameter portion of the convex connecting block is the second portion.

9. A stellarator magnet, characterized in that: comprising a plurality of coils, wherein two adjacent coils among the plurality of coils are connected by at least one coil connecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; and The plurality of coils include planar coils and / or non-planar coils.

10. The stellarator magnet according to claim 9, wherein Each of the coils includes a coil body and a coil shell disposed outside the coil body, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the coil shell; The second portion of the first connecting member in the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod of one of the coils to be fixedly connected to the one of the coils via the connecting rod. The connecting rod is also inserted into the first connecting hole, and the second movable space is defined between the outer peripheral surface of the connecting rod and the inner wall surface of the first connecting hole. The second part of the second connecting component in the coil connecting device is embedded in the connecting rod of the other coil so as to be fixedly connected to the other coil through the connecting rod. The connecting rod is also passed through the second connecting hole, and the third movable space is defined between the outer peripheral surface of the connecting rod and the inner wall surface of the second connecting hole.

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