Standing wave feedback serum clot detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a standing wave feedback serum clot detection device and method, and belongs to the field of medical instruments, and the device comprises a probe tube which is provided with a working tail end and is of a hollow cylindrical structure; the oscillation starting wave emitter is connected with the inner wall of the exploring tube; the laser transmitter is provided with a second transmitting tail end, and when the laser transmitter is coaxially connected with the oscillation starting wave transmitter, the second transmitting tail end extends out of the working tail end; the photoelectric converter is connected with the inner wall of the probe tube and is aligned with the working tail end; in a working state, the oscillation starting wave emitter excites interference standing waves on the liquid level, the laser emitter emits laser to the liquid level, the photoelectric converter receives laser beams emitted to a standing wave area and reflected after the laser beams are emitted to the liquid level and forms electric signals, and when fibrin exists on the liquid level, liquid level tension is damaged, standing wave stability is affected, and fluctuation of the electric signals is abnormal. Through the arrangement, whether fibrous protein blocks or protein filaments exist on the surface of a blood sample or not can be judged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a standing wave feedback serum clot detection device and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] Blood centrifugation is a method of specimen pretreatment in laboratory testing. The separated serum or plasma is used for biochemical, immunological, and coagulation analysis. Due to issues with the specimen itself or the blood collection container, some fibrin clumps and fibrin strands may float in the centrifuged serum. Once these strands enter the testing system, they can clog the sample needle or become stuck to it, directly affecting the sample volume and leading to inaccurate test results. The issue with the specimen itself is specifically due to individual differences in coagulation factors and fibrinogen, while the issue with the blood collection container is a ring of blood adsorbed on the tube cap.

[0003] Therefore, a method for determining whether there are fibrin clots or protein filaments on the surface of a blood sample and a device for implementing the method are designed, which are specifically a standing wave feedback serum clot detection device and detection method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems raised in the background art, based on the phenomenon that fibrin clumps and fibrin filaments affect the surface tension of the serum liquid layer, a device is proposed that can determine whether there is fibrin on the liquid surface by detecting the stability of the liquid surface standing wave, and a detection method of such a device. The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A device for detecting serum clots using standing wave feedback comprises: a probe tube having a working end, the probe tube being a hollow cylindrical structure; an oscillating wave emitter having a first emitting end connected to the inner wall of the probe tube; a laser emitter having a second emitting end, wherein when the laser emitter is coaxially connected to the oscillating wave emitter, the second emitting end extends out of the working end; and a photoelectric converter connected to the inner wall of the probe tube and aligned with the working end. In a working state, the oscillating wave emitter excites an interference standing wave on the liquid surface, the laser emitter emits a laser toward the liquid surface, and the photoelectric converter receives the laser beam reflected from the standing wave region and the liquid surface and forms an electrical signal. When fibrin is present on the liquid surface, the liquid surface tension is destroyed and the standing wave stability is affected, causing abnormal fluctuations in the electrical signal.

[0006] Furthermore, the probe tube, the oscillation wave transmitter, the laser transmitter and the photoelectric converter are assembled to form a detection component.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a driving arm and a base support, the driving arm includes a horizontal section and a vertical section, one end of the vertical section is fixedly connected to the base support, and the other end of the vertical section is rotatably connected to the horizontal section; the probe is fixedly connected to the horizontal section and faces the base support.

[0008] Furthermore, the vertical section includes a fixed shaft cylinder and a sliding shaft, the fixed shaft cylinder is fixedly connected to the base, the sliding shaft is rotatably connected to the horizontal section, and the sliding shaft is arranged on the fixed shaft cylinder along its own axial movement. When the sliding shaft moves along the axial direction, the distance between the probe tube and the base is changed.

[0009] Furthermore, the base is provided with a fixing groove at the end facing the probe tube, and when the horizontal section rotates around the vertical section to a matching position, the blood collection container fixed in the fixing groove by the fixed detection frame can be coaxial with the probe tube.

[0010] Furthermore, an elastic member is provided on the inner wall of the fixing groove. When the fixed detection frame enters the fixing groove, the elastic member is deformed and pressed against the fixed detection frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the oscillating wave transmitter has a conical cavity, which opens at the transmitting end. The ultrasonic wave emitted from the cavity to the outside has a convergence point. When the horizontal section vertically descends from the matching position to a working position, the convergence point coincides with the liquid surface.

[0012] Furthermore, a data cable interface is provided on the outer wall of the base, and a data cable is provided inside the base. One end of the data cable is connected to the data cable interface, and the other end of the data cable passes through the vertical section, the horizontal section and the probe, and is connected to the photoelectric converter. The data cable interface is connected to a computer or other instrument that can read and display electrical signal fluctuations through the data cable.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer wall of the base is provided with a power cord interface, and a wire is disposed within the base. One end of the wire is connected to the power cord interface, and the other end of the wire is connected to a transformer module. The transformer module is connected to the oscillation wave transmitter, the laser transmitter, and the photoelectric converter via wires. The power cord interface is used to connect an external power cord. When both ends of the power cord are connected to a power source and the power cord interface, power is supplied to the detection device.

[0014] In addition, a detection method based on the above detection device is also included, and the method specifically includes:

[0015] Excite surface waves on the liquid surface;

[0016] After reflection from the container wall, the incident wave and the reflected wave are superimposed to form an interference standing wave;

[0017] The laser beam is irradiated at a fixed angle to the standing wave region at the liquid-gas interface;

[0018] The photoelectric converter captures the reflected light signal and converts it into an electrical signal;

[0019] Determine whether the acquired electrical signal is distorted;

[0020] If not, there are no fibrin clots or fibrin strands on the surface of the liquid;

[0021] If so, there are fibrin clots or fibrin strands on the surface of the fluid.

[0022] Furthermore, the exciting of liquid surface waves on the liquid surface comprises:

[0023] The ultrasonic waves emitted from the oscillating wave transmitter converge at a point on the liquid surface to excite the liquid surface wave.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] The present invention is provided with an oscillating wave transmitter capable of forming an interference standing wave at the liquid surface in the blood collection container, a laser transmitter capable of generating laser light, and a photoelectric converter capable of receiving reflected light signals and outputting electrical signals. When ultrasonic waves converge on the liquid surface, shear waves are formed on the liquid surface. After the shear waves diffuse and reflect from the inner wall of the container, interference standing waves are formed when the liquid surface tension is stable. At this time, the photoelectric converter receives the light signal reflected after passing through the standing wave area, converts the light signal into an electrical signal, and transmits the obtained electrical signal to a device with a display function.

[0026] When there are no floating fibrin clumps or fibrin filaments in the serum, the liquid surface tension is stable, the standing wave can exist stably, and the reflection path of the laser is regular, thereby outputting a stable electrical signal;

[0027] When fibrin clots and fibrin strands float in serum, they disrupt the serum's surface tension, causing randomized surface fluctuations, disrupting the laser reflection path, and resulting in unstable electrical signals. This improves the accuracy of test results and reduces random errors. Users can intuitively determine whether fibrin clots or strands are present on the surface of the liquid being tested based on the signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. Among them:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of one overall structure of the present invention when the horizontal section is in the mating position;

[0030] Figure 2 It is another schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention when the horizontal section is in the mating position;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A local enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention after being assembled with a fixing frame equipped with a blood collection container;

[0035] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure after the middle horizontal section moves to the working position;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A front view of a cross-sectional structure;

[0037] Figure 9 When there is no fibrin block / thread on the liquid surface and the device is working Figure 8 A magnified view of the local structure at point B in the middle;

[0038] Figure 10 When there are fibrin pieces / threads on the liquid surface and the device is working Figure 8 A magnified view of the local structure at point B in the middle;

[0039] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the process of the method for detecting whether the liquid surface to be tested has fibrin in the present invention;

[0040] In the figure, 1. detection component; 11. probe tube; 111. working end; 12. oscillating wave transmitter; 121. transmitting end one; 13. laser transmitter; 131. transmitting end two; 14. photoelectric converter; 2. driving arm; 21. horizontal section; 211. stabilizing block; 22. vertical section; 221. fixed shaft cylinder; 222. sliding shaft; 3. bottom support; 31. fixing groove; 32. data line interface; 33. power line interface; 34. elastic member; 4. fixed detection frame; 41. placement cavity; 5. blood collection container. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention through specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation methods. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] A standing wave feedback device for detecting serum clots, such as Figure 1-11 As shown, the device comprises: a probe 11 having a working end 111. The probe 11 is a hollow cylindrical structure, specifically a cylinder; an oscillating wave emitter 12 having a first emitting end 121 connected to the inner wall of the probe 11; a laser emitter 13 having a second emitting end 131. When the laser emitter 13 is coaxially connected to the oscillating wave emitter 12, the second emitting end 131 extends out of the working end 111; and a photoelectric converter 14 connected to the inner wall of the probe 11 and aligned with the working end 111. In operation, the oscillating wave emitter 12 excites an interference standing wave at the liquid surface, the laser emitter 13 emits laser light toward the liquid surface, and the photoelectric converter 14 receives the laser beam reflected from the standing wave region and the liquid surface and generates an electrical signal. The presence of fibrin on the liquid surface disrupts the liquid surface tension and destabilizes the standing wave, causing abnormal fluctuations in the electrical signal. The probe 11, oscillating wave emitter 12, laser emitter 13, and photoelectric converter 14 are assembled to form a detection assembly.

[0043] The photoelectric converter 14 is specifically a light detector. The light detectors distributed in a circumferential array constitute a light detector group. After the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter 13 is irradiated on the sample liquid surface, the reflected light is directed to the light detector group. The height of the probe 11 is determined by the light intensity value. Specifically, the liquid and the container wall have an infiltration relationship, so that the liquid surface is as follows Figure 9 When laser emitter 13 remotely irradiates the arc-shaped liquid surface, the bottom of probe 11 is above the focal point of the reflected light. Only a portion of the laser light is reflected by the photodetector array. When probe 11 approaches the liquid surface, and the focal point of the reflected light exceeds the bottom of probe 11, the reflected light completely covers the photodetector array, achieving maximum light intensity. It should be noted that varying blood collection volumes result in varying serum heights after centrifugation. Consequently, the stagnant height of probe 11 within blood collection container 5 varies, and thus its operating position is not fixed.

[0044] In the blood collection container 5, the liquid is in a wetting relationship with the container wall, so that the liquid surface is as follows Figure 9As shown in the arc-shaped surface, when there is a large clot, each detector of the light detector group absorbs light with different intensity, and the clot will destroy the liquid surface tension, causing the liquid surface to become as follows Figure 10 When the liquid surface exhibits this unstable shape, the standing wave is difficult to stabilize, causing the electrical signal output by the photoelectric converter 14 to become unstable. This indicates that the sample under test contains floating clots. It should be noted that clots whose impact on the liquid surface is insufficient to alter the arc-shaped shape of the liquid surface have a negligible effect on the accuracy of the test results.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1-10 As shown, it also includes a driving arm 2 and a base 3. The driving arm 2 includes a horizontal section 21 and a vertical section 22. One end of the vertical section 22 is fixedly connected to the base 3, and the other end of the vertical section 22 is rotatably connected to the horizontal section 21; the probe 11 is fixedly connected to the horizontal section 21 and faces the base 3.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1-10 As shown, the vertical section 22 includes a fixed shaft cylinder 221 and a sliding shaft 222. Specifically, the fixed shaft cylinder 221 has an internal thread, and the sliding shaft 222 has an external thread. The fixed shaft cylinder 221 and the sliding shaft 222 are bolted together, thereby enabling precise adjustment of the height of the probe tube 11. Alternatively, the sliding shaft 222 and the fixed shaft cylinder 221 are transitionally matched, and the deadweight of the driving arm 2 and the detection assembly 1 is less than the friction between the sliding shaft 222 and the fixed shaft cylinder 221, so that the height of the probe tube 11 only changes during manual adjustment. The fixed shaft cylinder 221 is fixedly connected to the base 3, and the sliding shaft 222 is rotatably connected to the horizontal section 21. The sliding shaft 222 is arranged on the fixed shaft cylinder 221 so as to move along its own axial direction. When the sliding shaft 222 moves along its axial direction, the distance between the probe tube 11 and the base 3 changes.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1-10 As shown, the base 3 is provided with a fixing groove 31 at the end facing the probe 11. When the horizontal section 21 rotates around the vertical section 22 to a mating position, the blood collection container 5 fixed in the fixing groove 31 by the fixed detection frame 4 can be coaxial with the probe 11. The end of the horizontal section 21 facing away from the vertical section 22 is provided with a stabilizing block 211. The probe 11 is connected to the outer wall of the stabilizing block 211, and the stabilizing block 211 can act as a damper. The oscillating wave transmitter 12 is an ultrasonic excitation device, usually made of piezoelectric ceramics. In order to obtain vertical ultrasonic longitudinal waves, the ceramic piece vibrates in the vertical direction. By connecting the probe 11 to the stabilizing block 211, the unstable effect of the ceramic piece vibration on the entire device can be buffered.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1-10As shown, an elastic member 34 is provided on the inner wall of the fixed groove 31. When the fixed detection frame 4 enters the fixed groove 31, the elastic member 34 is deformed and pressed against the fixed detection frame 4. The blood collection container 5 is specifically a standard blood collection tube or test tube, which can be stably placed vertically in the placement cavity 41 of the fixed detection frame 4.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1-10 As shown, the oscillating wave transmitter 12 has a conical cavity that opens at the transmitting end 121. The ultrasonic waves emitted from the cavity have a convergence point. When the horizontal section 21 vertically descends from the mating position to an operating position, the convergence point coincides with the liquid surface. At this point, the distance between the transmitting end 121 and the detection liquid surface meets the requirements for the ultrasonic wave emitted by the oscillating wave transmitter 12 to cause the liquid surface to vibrate. By adjusting the ultrasonic frequency, an interference standing wave is generated on the serum sample surface. Specifically, the ultrasonic wave emitted toward the center of the liquid surface is a longitudinal wave. The longitudinal wave causes the detection sample liquid surface to vibrate. Surface tension provides a restoring force. The liquid surface vibration wave rebounds upon encountering the tube wall of the blood collection tube, and the vibration wavelength satisfies the relationship of an integer multiple of the radius, thus forming a standing wave. At this time, the laser emitter 13 emits laser light again. When the liquid level is stable, the standing wave formed is a concentric circle structure, and the reflection of the laser light is uniform. Each light detector in the light detector group absorbs the same light intensity and converts it into the same electrical signal. The instrument connected to the outside through the data line receives this type of electrical signal, indicating that it is a normal test specimen without fibrin clumps or fibrin filaments.

[0050] However, when clots and fibrin threads appear in the test sample serum, the surface tension stability of the liquid is first destroyed, and the fluctuations generated by the oscillating wave transmitter 12 on the liquid surface rebound prematurely when encountering obstacles, which fails to meet the conditions for the formation of standing waves. The liquid surface fluctuations become random. At this time, the laser transmitter 13 emits a laser. Since the liquid surface cannot form a standing wave with a concentric circle structure, the reflection of the laser is chaotic. Each light detector in the light detector group absorbs different light intensities and generates different electrical signals, which indicates that the test sample is abnormal.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the horizontal section 21 and the vertical section 22 are both hollow structures, and the stabilizing block 211 is also hollow. The horizontal section 21 and the stabilizing block 211 are fixedly connected, and after the connection, the interior thereof forms a cavity. After the sliding shaft 222 is connected to the fixed shaft cylinder 221, the interior thereof also forms a cavity, thereby providing a setting path for the data line, i.e., the power supply wire. The sliding shaft 222 can make axial linear motion relative to the fixed shaft cylinder 221. The fixed shaft cylinder 221 is fixed to the top of the base 3 and is internally connected. The base 3 is a hollow structure and contains a drive device. The drive device is used to drive the sliding shaft 222 to make axial linear motion and is also used to rotate and fine-tune the position of the detection assembly 1 so that the detection assembly 1 can accurately enter the blood collection tube. The drive device is specifically a motor and a micro control unit. The drive device is electrically connected to the transformer module via a wire. After the power line connects the power supply and the transformer module, it supplies power to the drive device.

[0052] The end of the oscillating wave emitter 12 facing away from the emission end 121 is connected to the inner wall of the probe 11, and the specific connection method is adhesive connection. The laser emitting end of the laser emitter 13 is hemispherical, and when working, it emits several laser beams in different directions. The emitted laser is reflected by the liquid surface and then emitted to the photoelectric converter 14. The photoelectric converter 14 is distributed in a circular array around the central axis of the probe 11. The number of photoelectric converters 14 is not less than 4, and the number of photoelectric converters 14 can be 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 or 256. Adjacent photodetectors are separated by rubber or other insulating materials so that they do not interfere with each other during operation. Each photodetector in the photodetector group can independently convert a light intensity signal into an electrical signal. The photodetector group is placed inside the working end 111 of the probe tube 11, and the photodetector group is placed outside the oscillating wave emitter 12. The laser emitter 13 is placed inside the oscillating wave emitter 12. The working end 111 of the probe tube 11 and the emission end 121 of the photodetector group are in the same plane, and the emission end 131 of the laser emitter 13 protrudes downward from this plane.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1-10 As shown, a data line interface 32 is provided on the outer wall of the base 3, and a data line is provided inside the base 3. One end of the data line is connected to the data line interface 32, and the other end of the data line passes through the vertical section 22, the horizontal section 21 and the probe 11, and is connected to the photoelectric converter 14. The data line interface 32 is connected to a computer or other instrument that can read and display electrical signal fluctuations through the data line.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1-10As shown, the outer wall of the base 3 is provided with a power line interface 33, and the interior of the base 3 is provided with a wire. One end of the wire is connected to the power line interface 33, and the other end of the wire is connected to a transformer module. The transformer module is connected to the oscillation wave transmitter 12, the laser transmitter 13, and the photoelectric converter 14 via wires. The power line interface 33 is used to connect an external power line. When both ends of the power line are connected to the power source and the power line interface 33, power is supplied to the detection device.

[0055] In addition, the present application also includes a detection method based on the above detection device, which specifically includes:

[0056] Excite surface waves on the liquid surface;

[0057] After reflection from the container wall, the incident wave and the reflected wave are superimposed to form an interference standing wave;

[0058] The laser beam is irradiated at a fixed angle to the standing wave region at the liquid-gas interface;

[0059] The photoelectric converter 14 captures the reflected light signal and converts it into an electrical signal;

[0060] Determine whether the acquired electrical signal is distorted;

[0061] If not, there are no fibrin clots or fibrin strands on the surface of the liquid;

[0062] If so, there are fibrin clots or fibrin strands on the surface of the fluid.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1-11 As shown, exciting liquid surface waves on the liquid surface includes: ultrasonic waves emitted from the excitation wave transmitter 12 converge at a point on the liquid surface to excite the liquid surface waves.

Claims

1. A standing wave feedback device for detecting serum clots, characterized in that: include: A probe tube having a working end, wherein the probe tube is a hollow cylindrical structure; an oscillating wave transmitter having a transmitting end first connected to the inner wall of the probe tube; A laser emitter having a second emission end, wherein when the laser emitter is coaxially connected to the oscillating wave emitter, the second emission end extends out of a working end; a photoelectric converter connected to the inner wall of the probe and aligned with the working end; In the working state, the oscillating wave emitter excites interference standing waves on the liquid surface, the laser emitter emits laser light toward the liquid surface, and the photoelectric converter receives the laser beam reflected from the standing wave area and the liquid surface and forms an electrical signal. When fibrin exists on the liquid surface, the liquid surface tension is destroyed and the standing wave stability is affected, causing abnormal fluctuations in the electrical signal.

2. The standing wave feedback serum clot detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a driving arm and a base support, the driving arm includes a horizontal section and a vertical section, one end of the vertical section is fixedly connected to the base support, and the other end of the vertical section is rotatably connected to the horizontal section; the probe is fixedly connected to the horizontal section and faces the base support.

3. The standing wave feedback serum clot detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical section includes a fixed shaft cylinder and a sliding shaft, the fixed shaft cylinder is fixedly connected to the base, and the sliding shaft is rotatably connected to the horizontal section; along its own axial direction, the sliding shaft is arranged in the fixed shaft cylinder, and when the sliding shaft moves along the axial direction, the distance between the probe tube and the base is changed.

4. The standing wave feedback serum clot detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base is provided with a fixing groove at the end facing the probe tube. When the horizontal section rotates around the vertical section to a matching position, the blood collection container fixed in the fixing groove by the fixed detection frame can be coaxial with the probe tube.

5. The standing wave feedback serum clot detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An elastic member is provided on the inner wall of the fixing groove. When the fixed detection frame enters the fixing groove, the elastic member is deformed and pressed against the fixed detection frame.

6. The standing wave feedback serum clot detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oscillating wave transmitter has a conical cavity with an opening at the transmitting end. The ultrasonic wave emitted from the cavity to the outside has a convergence point. When the horizontal section vertically descends from the matching position to a working position, the convergence point coincides with the liquid surface.

7. The standing wave feedback serum clot detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second emission end is hemispherical, and the laser emitter emits several beams of laser light in different directions when in operation.

8. The standing wave feedback serum clot detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photoelectric converters are distributed in a circular array around the central axis of the probe tube, and the number of the photoelectric converters is no less than four.

9. A detection method for a serum clot detection device based on standing wave feedback, characterized in that: The detection method comprises: Excite surface waves on the liquid surface; After reflection from the container wall, the incident wave and the reflected wave are superimposed to form an interference standing wave; The laser beam is irradiated at a fixed angle to the standing wave region at the liquid-gas interface; The photoelectric converter captures the reflected light signal and converts it into an electrical signal; Determine whether the acquired electrical signal is distorted; If not, there are no fibrin clots or fibrin strands on the surface of the liquid; If so, there are fibrin clots or fibrin strands on the surface of the fluid.

10. The detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The exciting of liquid surface waves on the liquid surface comprises: The ultrasonic waves emitted from the oscillating wave transmitter converge at a point on the liquid surface to excite the liquid surface wave.

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