Device and process for preparing isopropanol through reactive distillation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of isopropanol preparation, in particular to a device and a process for preparing isopropanol through reactive distillation. Comprising refining equipment, a preheater, a hydrogen filter, a hydrogen compressor, a buffer tank, a hydrogen heat exchanger, a hydrogenation reactor, a gas-liquid separator and a recovery tower, the hydrogenation reactor comprises a tower body; the tower body comprises an upper tower body and a lower tower body; a gas inlet is formed in the upper end of the upper tower body; by arranging the material changing box, the catalytic plate can be pre-filled in the material changing box, specifically, before the reactor is shut down, an operator pre-loads a new catalytic plate into the material changing box and completes nitrogen replacement so as to thoroughly eliminate oxygen in the material changing box, and therefore during replacement, the replacement efficiency is greatly improved. Compared with the prior art, an operator can directly push the pre-filled catalytic plate into the tower body for replacement without replacing hydrogen in the tower body after shutdown, so that the hydrogen replacement steps are reduced, the shutdown time of equipment is remarkably shortened, and the production efficiency of isopropanol is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of isopropyl alcohol preparation, in particular to a device and process for preparing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation. Background Art

[0002] Isopropyl alcohol, with the molecular formula (CH3)2CHOH, is a colorless, transparent, volatile liquid that is miscible with ethanol, ether, chloroform, and water. Isopropyl alcohol is an excellent organic solvent that is used not only as a solvent for shellac, nitrocellulose, alkaloids, rubber, and oils, but also as a raw material for synthesizing glycerol, isopropyl acetate, and acetone. It has a wide range of uses in pesticides, electronics, medicine, coatings, daily chemicals, and organic synthesis. The main methods for synthesizing isopropyl alcohol include direct hydration of propylene, indirect hydration of sulfuric acid, acetone hydrogenation, isopropyl acetate hydrogenation, and isopropyl acetate transesterification. The acetone hydrogenation method uses a copper-based catalyst and specifically comprises the following steps: first, the acetone raw material is subjected to steps such as dehydration and deoxygenation to obtain refined acetone, then the refined acetone is heated to obtain acetone vapor, and the acetone vapor and hydrogen are fed into a hydrogenation reactor. At 80-200°C and normal pressure, the acetone vapor and hydrogen react to produce isopropyl alcohol. Since the active centers of copper-based catalysts rely on highly dispersed metal Cu 0 Nanoparticles, but when the reaction temperature is 80-150℃ for a long time, the surface diffusion effect will cause Cu 0 Particle agglomeration (i.e., sintering) significantly increases the catalyst particle size, sharply decreases the specific surface area, and reduces the number of active sites, which in turn severely weakens the catalytic performance in the acetone hydrogenation reaction. Therefore, in industrial production, deactivated catalysts must be regularly replaced. However, this process requires complex steps such as reactor shutdown, uncapping and unloading, reloading, and oxygen replacement. In particular, during the oxygen replacement phase, the system oxygen content must be reduced to below the safe threshold before reintroducing acetone feedstock and hydrogen. This series of operations significantly reduces the production efficiency of isopropyl alcohol. In view of this, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a device and process for preparing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation, which solves the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an apparatus and process for producing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation. The present invention provides a material change box so that catalytic plates can be pre-loaded in the material change box. Specifically, before the reactor is shut down, the operator pre-loads new catalytic plates into the material change box and completes nitrogen replacement to completely eliminate oxygen in the material change box. Therefore, when replacing the catalytic plates, the operator can directly push the pre-loaded catalytic plates into the tower body for replacement. There is no need to replace the hydrogen in the tower body after shutdown, thus reducing the number of hydrogen replacement steps, significantly shortening equipment downtime, and improving the production efficiency of isopropyl alcohol.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: the device for producing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation of the present invention comprises a refining device, a preheater, a hydrogen filter, a hydrogen compressor, a buffer tank, a hydrogen heat exchanger, a hydrogenation reactor, a gas-liquid separator and a recovery tower; The hydrogenation reactor comprises a tower body; the tower body comprises an upper tower body and a lower tower body; an air inlet is provided at the upper end of the upper tower body; a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the lower tower body; a catalytic plate is provided inside the upper tower body; a catalyst is installed inside the catalytic plate; a screw is provided above the catalytic plate; one end of the screw is helically connected to the catalytic plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper tower body; a drive motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the upper tower body; a bevel gear shaft is installed at the output end of the drive motor; and a bevel gear ring meshing with the bevel gear shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the screw; A material changing box is fixedly connected to one side of the lower tower body; a box door is installed at the lower end of the material changing box; connection ports are provided at the upper and lower ends of the material changing box; a material changing port connected to the material changing box is provided on the side wall of the lower tower body; a sealing plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tower body; the sealing plate is used to block the material changing port; a mounting plate is slidably connected inside the material changing box; a through groove is provided in the center of the mounting plate; the upper end of the mounting plate is connected to the material changing box through a hydraulic push rod; a material changing module is installed at the lower end of the mounting plate.

[0005] Preferably, the material changing module comprises: A material changing plate; a chute is provided at the lower end of the mounting plate; the material changing plate is slidably connected in the chute; the material changing plate and the chute wall are connected by a connecting spring; the upper end of the mounting plate is rotatably connected to the No. 1 bevel gear shaft; the material changing plate and the No. 1 bevel gear shaft are connected by a wire rope; the upper end of the material changing box is rotatably and sealedly connected to the No. 2 bevel gear shaft; the No. 1 bevel gear shaft and the No. 2 bevel gear shaft are meshed; a groove is provided at the upper end of the material changing plate; the catalytic plate is slidably connected in the groove; A lifting unit, the lifting unit being installed in the groove; the lifting unit being used to push the catalytic plate to slide in the groove; Connecting unit; the connecting unit is located between the drive motor and the second bevel gear shaft; the drive motor drives the second bevel gear shaft to rotate through the connecting unit.

[0006] Preferably, the connecting unit includes a connecting rod; a connecting groove is provided at the output end of the driving motor; the connecting rod is slidably connected in the connecting groove; a magnet is embedded in the end of the connecting rod close to the bottom of the connecting groove; an electromagnetic sheet is embedded in the bottom of the connecting groove; a bevel gear ring engaged with the No. 2 bevel gear shaft is fixedly connected to the surface of the connecting rod; a slot is provided at the end of the bevel gear shaft close to the driving motor.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting unit includes an airbag; the airbag is embedded in the bottom of the groove; a hydraulic pump is installed at the upper end of the material changing box; the hydraulic pump is connected to the airbag through a spring hose.

[0008] Preferably, a slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing plate material change box; a metal rope is fixedly connected to the upper end of the slider; and one end of the metal rope away from the slider is fixedly connected to the sealing plate.

[0009] Preferably, a circular groove is provided inside the material changing plate; a flip plate is rotatably connected in the circular groove; the groove is provided on the upper end face and the lower end face of the flip plate; a servo motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the lower tower body; a rectangular groove is provided at the output end of the servo motor; a rectangular rod is slidably connected in the rectangular groove; a card groove matching the rectangular rod is provided at one end of the flip plate close to the servo motor; a rotating ring is rotatably connected to the surface of the output shaft of the servo motor; an annular groove connected to the rectangular groove is provided on the surface of the output shaft of the servo motor; a circular hole connected to the annular groove is provided on the surface of the rotating ring; the infusion pump is connected to the circular hole through an infusion tube.

[0010] Preferably, a fixing groove is provided on the inner wall of the groove; the fixing groove is connected to the card slot through an air duct; an electromagnetic valve is installed in the air duct; a fixing rod is slidably connected in the fixing groove; a card plate is slidably and sealingly connected in the card slot; a supporting groove is provided on the side wall of the catalytic plate and is opposite to the fixing groove; a supporting block is slidably connected in the supporting groove; the support block is connected to the bottom of the support groove by a supporting spring.

[0011] Preferably, a positioning groove connected to the spring hose is formed on the inner wall of the circular groove; a positioning rod is slidingly and sealingly connected in the positioning groove; and a straight groove facing the positioning groove is formed on the side wall of the flip plate.

[0012] A process for producing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation is applicable to the above-mentioned device for producing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation. The process comprises the following steps: S1: Acetone is dehydrated and deoxygenated through a refining device, and then the refined acetone is transported to a preheater and heated to vaporize. At this time, the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank is filtered by a hydrogen filter, pressurized by a hydrogen compressor, buffered by a buffer tank after the hydrogen compressor, and finally heat exchanged by a hydrogen heat exchanger; S2: During the acetone refining process, the valve of the upper tower air inlet manifold is switched to allow nitrogen to enter the hydrogenation reactor through the air inlet, pushing the internal air out from the lower tower discharge port, completing the air replacement of the reactor; then the valve of the air inlet manifold is switched to the preheater exhaust pipe, so that the heat exchanged hydrogen and the vaporized acetone are mixed in a molar ratio of 3:1 and transported to the hydrogenation reactor; S3: As the acetone vapor and hydrogen mixture enters the hydrogenation reactor, the activated catalyst catalyzes the reaction between the acetone and hydrogen. The isopropyl alcohol and unreacted raw materials generated by the reaction enter the gas-liquid separator from the discharge port at the bottom of the lower tower body to separate the gaseous hydrogen and the liquid isopropyl alcohol and unreacted acetone. The liquid phase is then transported to a recovery tower to recover the acetone, ultimately obtaining a high-purity isopropyl alcohol product. S4: During the process of producing isopropyl alcohol in the hydrogenation reactor, the user opens the chamber door, pre-installs a new catalytic plate on the flip plate, and then replaces the oxygen in the material replacement box. When the hydrogenation reactor is shut down and a new catalytic plate needs to be replaced, the flip plate is controlled to drive the new catalytic plate into the lower tower body through the material replacement port; S5: After the flip plate enters the lower tower body, the flip plate is controlled to flip so that the empty groove below the flip plate faces upward, the screw releases the old catalytic plate into the empty groove, the fixing rod is controlled to fix the old catalytic plate in the empty groove, and then the flip plate is controlled to rotate so that the flip plate drives the new catalytic plate upward, and the new catalytic plate is inserted into the screw under the push of the airbag, so that the screw drives the new catalytic plate to rise and seal it into the upper tower body, completing the replacement of the catalytic plate.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention provides a material change box so that the catalytic plates can be pre-loaded in the material change box. Specifically, before the reactor is shut down, the operator pre-loads the new catalytic plates into the material change box and completes nitrogen replacement to completely eliminate the oxygen in the material change box. Therefore, when replacing the catalytic plates, the operator can directly push the pre-loaded catalytic plates into the tower body for replacement. There is no need to replace the hydrogen in the tower body after shutdown, which reduces the hydrogen replacement step, thereby significantly shortening the equipment downtime and improving the production efficiency of isopropyl alcohol.

[0014] 2. The present invention controls the nitrogen to be delivered from the connection port at the lower end of the material change box to the material change box, so that during the process of replacing the catalytic plate, the nitrogen can enter the tower body through the material change port, thereby preventing the reaction products remaining in the tower body from entering the material change box through the material change port, and preventing the reaction products from entering the material change box when the operator opens the box door to take out the replaced old catalytic plate in the material change box. This reduces pollution to the environment and protects the health of the operator at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the hydrogenation reactor used in the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogenation reactor used in the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the material exchange plate used in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a transmission perspective diagram of the sealing plate used in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a process flow chart of the present invention; In the figure: 1. Upper tower body; 11. Air inlet; 12. Catalytic plate; 121. Support groove; 122. Support block; 123. Support spring; 13. Screw; 131. Bevel gear ring; 14. Drive motor; 141. Bevel gear shaft; 142. Connecting groove; 143. Connecting rod; 144. Magnet; 145. Electromagnetic plate; 146. Bevel gear ring; 147. Slot; 2. Lower tower body; 21. Discharge port; 22. Refueling port; 221. Sealing plate; 23. Servo motor; 231. Rectangular groove; 232. Rectangular rod; 233. Clamping slot; 24. Rotating ring; 241. Annular groove; 242. Circular hole; 243 , infusion tube; 3, material changing box; 31, box door; 32, connection port; 33, mounting plate; 331, through groove; 332, hydraulic push rod; 333, slide groove; 334, connecting spring; 335, No. 1 bevel gear shaft; 336, wire rope; 337, No. 2 bevel gear shaft; 34, material changing plate; 341, circular groove; 342, positioning groove; 343, positioning rod; 344, straight groove; 35, flip plate; 351, groove; 352, airbag; 36, hydraulic pump; 361, spring hose; 37, slider; 371, metal rope; 38, fixing groove; 381, airway; 382, ​​fixing rod; 383, clamping plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the device for producing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation according to the present invention comprises a refining device, a preheater, a hydrogen filter, a hydrogen compressor, a buffer tank, a hydrogen heat exchanger, a hydrogenation reactor, a gas-liquid separator and a recovery tower; The hydrogenation reactor includes a tower body; the tower body includes an upper tower body 1 and a lower tower body 2; an air inlet 11 is opened at the upper end of the upper tower body 1; a discharge port 21 is opened at the bottom of the lower tower body 2; a catalytic plate 12 is arranged inside the upper tower body 1; a catalyst is installed in the catalytic plate 12; a screw 13 is arranged above the catalytic plate 12; one end of the screw 13 is helically connected to the catalytic plate 12, and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper tower body 1; a drive motor 14 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the upper tower body 1; a bevel gear shaft 141 is installed at the output end of the drive motor 14; the upper end of the screw 13 is fixedly connected to a bevel gear ring 131 that meshes with the bevel gear shaft 141; A material changing box 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the lower tower body 2; a box door 31 is installed at the lower end of the material changing box 3; a connection port 32 is provided at the upper and lower ends of the material changing box 3; a material changing port 22 connected to the material changing box 3 is provided on the side wall of the lower tower body 2; a sealing plate 221 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tower body; the sealing plate 221 is used to block the material changing port 22; a mounting plate 33 is slidably connected inside the material changing box 3; a through groove 331 is provided at the center of the mounting plate 33; the upper end of the mounting plate 33 is connected to the material changing box 3 through a hydraulic push rod 332; a material changing module is installed at the lower end of the mounting plate 33.

[0019] As an embodiment of the present invention, the material changing module includes: The material changing plate 34; the lower end of the mounting plate 33 is provided with a slide groove 333; the material changing plate 34 is slidably connected in the slide groove 333; the material changing plate 34 and the groove wall of the slide groove 333 are connected by a connecting spring 334; the upper end of the mounting plate 33 is rotatably connected to the No. 1 bevel gear shaft 335; the material changing plate 34 and the No. 1 bevel gear shaft 335 are connected by a wire rope 336; the upper end of the material changing box 3 is rotatably and sealedly connected to the No. 2 bevel gear shaft 337; the No. 1 bevel gear shaft 335 and the No. 2 bevel gear shaft 337 are meshed; the upper end of the material changing plate 34 is provided with a groove 351; the catalytic plate 12 is slidably connected in the groove 351; A lifting unit, the lifting unit being installed in the groove 351; the lifting unit being used to push the catalytic plate 12 to slide in the groove 351; The connecting unit is located between the drive motor 14 and the second bevel gear shaft 337; the drive motor 14 drives the second bevel gear shaft 337 to rotate through the connecting unit.

[0020] As an embodiment of the present invention, the connecting unit includes a connecting rod 143; a connecting groove 142 is provided at the output end of the drive motor 14; the connecting rod 143 is slidably connected in the connecting groove 142; a magnet 144 is embedded in the end of the connecting rod 143 close to the bottom of the connecting groove 142; an electromagnetic sheet 145 is embedded in the bottom of the connecting groove 142; a bevel gear ring 146 is fixedly connected to the surface of the connecting rod 143 and meshed with the No. 2 bevel gear shaft 337; a slot 147 is provided at the end of the bevel gear shaft 141 close to the drive motor 14.

[0021] As an embodiment of the present invention, the lifting unit includes an airbag 352; the airbag 352 is embedded in the bottom of the groove 351; a hydraulic pump 36 is installed on the upper end of the material change box 3; the hydraulic pump 36 is connected to the airbag 352 through a spring hose 361.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present invention, the sealing plate 221 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the material changing box 3 with a slider 37; the upper end of the slider 37 is fixedly connected to a metal rope 371; the end of the metal rope 371 away from the slider 37 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 221.

[0023] As an embodiment of the present invention, a circular groove 341 is provided inside the material changing plate 34; a flip plate 35 is rotatably connected in the circular groove 341; the groove 351 is provided on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the flip plate 35; a servo motor 23 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the lower tower body 2; a rectangular groove 231 is provided at the output end of the servo motor 23; a rectangular rod 232 is slidably connected in the rectangular groove 231; a card groove 233 is provided at one end of the flip plate 35 close to the servo motor 23, which cooperates with the rectangular rod 232; the output shaft surface of the servo motor 23 is rotatably sealed with a swivel 24; the output shaft surface of the servo motor 23 is provided with an annular groove 241 connected to the rectangular groove 231; the surface of the swivel 24 is provided with a circular hole 242 connected to the annular groove 241; the infusion pump is connected to the circular hole 242 through an infusion tube 243.

[0024] As an embodiment of the present invention, a fixing groove 38 is provided on the inner wall of the groove 351; the fixing groove 38 is connected to the card slot 233 through an air duct 381; an electromagnetic valve is installed in the air duct 381; a fixing rod 382 is slidably connected in the fixing groove 38; a card plate 383 is slidably and sealingly connected in the card slot 233; a supporting groove 121 is provided on the side wall of the catalytic plate 12, which is opposite to the fixing groove 38; a supporting block 122 is slidably connected in the supporting groove 121; the support block 122 is connected to the bottom of the support groove 121 by a support spring 123.

[0025] As an embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the circular groove 341 is provided with a positioning groove 342 connected to the spring hose 361; a positioning rod 343 is slidingly and sealedly connected in the positioning groove 342; and the side wall of the flip plate 35 is provided with a straight groove 344 facing the positioning groove 342.

[0026] When working, the active centers of copper-based catalysts rely on highly dispersed metal Cu 0 Nanoparticles, but when the reaction temperature is 80-150℃ for a long time, the surface diffusion effect will cause Cu 0 Particle agglomeration (i.e., sintering) causes a significant increase in catalyst particle size, a sharp drop in specific surface area, and a sharp decrease in the number of active sites, which in turn seriously weakens its catalytic performance in the acetone hydrogenation reaction. Therefore, deactivated catalysts need to be replaced regularly in industrial production, but this process requires complex steps such as reactor shutdown, uncapping and unloading, new filling, and oxygen replacement. Especially in the oxygen replacement stage, it is necessary to ensure that the oxygen content in the system drops below the safety threshold before re-introducing acetone raw materials and hydrogen. This series of operations will significantly reduce the production efficiency of isopropyl alcohol.

[0027] Therefore, the present invention provides a material change box 3 so that the catalytic plates 12 can be pre-loaded in the material change box 3. Specifically, before the reactor is shut down, the operator pre-loads the new catalytic plates 12 into the material change box 3 and completes nitrogen replacement to completely eliminate the oxygen in the material change box 3. Therefore, when replacing, the operator can directly push the pre-loaded catalytic plates 12 into the tower body for replacement. There is no need to replace the hydrogen in the tower body after shutdown, which reduces the hydrogen replacement steps, thereby significantly shortening the equipment downtime and improving the production efficiency of isopropyl alcohol.

[0028] Before preparing isopropyl alcohol, the user first transports the acetone raw material to a refining device (such as a molecular sieve adsorption tower), which dehydrates and deoxygenates the raw acetone to obtain the required refined acetone. The refined acetone is then transported to a preheater for heating at a temperature of 80-120°C to vaporize the acetone. At the same time, the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank is filtered by a hydrogen filter, pressurized by a hydrogen compressor, and buffered in a buffer tank after the hydrogen compressor. Finally, it is heat exchanged in a hydrogen heat exchanger. Because the exhaust pipe of the hydrogen heat exchanger is connected to the exhaust pipe of the preheater, the hydrogen transported by the hydrogen heat exchanger can mix with the acetone vapor transported by the preheater. At this time, the acetone vapor and hydrogen in the exhaust pipe of the preheater are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:3.

[0029] During the acetone refining process, the air inlet 11 of the upper tower body 1 is connected to the nitrogen gas supply pipeline and the preheater exhaust pipeline respectively through a T-shaped air inlet manifold. When performing nitrogen replacement, the user switches the valve in the air inlet manifold to connect the air inlet 11 at the upper end of the upper tower body 1 to the external nitrogen gas supply pipeline, so that the nitrogen enters the hydrogenation reactor through the air inlet 11, and the air in the hydrogenation reactor is discharged from the discharge port at the lower end of the lower tower body 2 under the push of the nitrogen, so that the air in the hydrogenation reactor is replaced. Then, the air inlet 11 at the upper end of the upper tower body 1 is switched to the preheater exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe is connected so that the acetone vapor and hydrogen mixed in the exhaust pipe of the preheater will enter the upper tower body 1 through the air inlet 11. As the mixed gas of acetone vapor and hydrogen continues to enter the upper tower body 1, the raw gas mixed with acetone vapor and hydrogen flows downward to the catalyst plate 12. Since the surface of the catalyst plate 12 is provided with pores, the raw gas can flow downward through the pores on the surface of the catalyst plate 12. The raw gas passing through the pores on the surface of the catalyst plate 12 can contact the catalyst in the catalyst plate 12, so that the copper-based catalyst is first activated by hydrogen (the copper-based catalyst is reduced to Cu 0 ), the raw gas undergoes a hydrogenation reaction under the action of the activated catalyst, thereby producing isopropyl alcohol. The reaction product (containing isopropyl alcohol and a small amount of unreacted raw material) continues to flow downward and is eventually discharged from the discharge port 21 at the bottom of the lower tower body 2. Since the discharge port 21 is connected to the gas-liquid separator, the reaction product transported to the gas-liquid separator can be separated into a gas phase (hydrogen) and a liquid phase (isopropyl alcohol and unreacted acetone). The separated liquid phase is transported to a recovery tower, thereby recovering the unreacted acetone and ultimately obtaining a high-purity isopropyl alcohol product.

[0030] In the initial state, the connection port 32 on one side of the material change box 3 is connected to the external nitrogen delivery pipeline. Before filling nitrogen into the tower body, the user first controls the hydraulic push rod 332 to operate, so that the hydraulic push rod 332 pushes the mounting plate 33 down, so that the mounting plate 33 drives the material change plate 34 connected to the lower end to move down synchronously, so that the material change plate 34 continues to move in the direction close to the slider 37 until the material change plate 34 contacts the slider 37, so that the material change plate 34 can push the slider 37 to slide downward along the inner wall of the material change box 3, so that the descending slider 37 can pass The sealing plate 221 is pulled upward along the inner wall of the lower tower body 2 by the metal rope 371, so that the sealing plate 221 is in sliding and sealed contact with the inner wall of the lower tower body 2 until the sealing plate 221 slides to the refueling port 22, so that the sealing plate 221 seals and blocks the refueling port 22. Therefore, when the raw gas is transported into the tower body, the raw gas and the reaction products in the tower body will not enter the refueling box 3 through the refueling port 22, which ensures that the raw gas can fully react in the tower body and that the reaction products can be completely discharged from the discharge port 21 and completely collected.

[0031] When pre-replacing the catalytic plate 12, the user needs to open the box door 31 on one side of the replacement box 3, so that the replacement box 3 is opened on one side, so that the mounting plate 33 and the replacement plate 34 are exposed, and the user puts the catalytic plate 12 into the through groove 331 from the upper end of the mounting plate 33, so that the catalytic plate 12 falls into the groove 351 at the upper end of the replacement plate 34 through the through groove 331 under the action of its own gravity; in the initial state, the positioning groove 342 and the spring hose 361 connection end are also equipped with a solenoid valve, so by controlling the solenoid valve to open the hydraulic pump 36 to deliver hydraulic oil into the positioning groove 342, so that the positioning rod 343 in the positioning groove 342 will be pushed by the hydraulic oil to extend out of the positioning groove 342 and insert into the straight groove 344, so that the flip plate 35 is fixedly connected to the replacement plate 34 through the positioning rod 343, so when the catalytic plate 12 is placed in the groove 351 at the upper end of the flip plate 35, the flip plate 35 can effectively support the catalytic plate 12.

[0032] After completing the pre-installation of the new catalytic plate 12, the box door 31 on one side of the material change box 3 is opened. Since the connection port 32 at the lower end of the material change box 3 is connected to the external nitrogen delivery pipeline, the nitrogen is controlled to be delivered from the connection port 32 at the lower end of the material change box 3 to the material change box 3, so that the air in the material change box 3 is discharged through the connection port 32 at the upper end. When the air in the material change box 3 is completely discharged, the connection port 32 of the material change box 3 is covered.

[0033] When the catalyst needs to be replaced, the user controls the hydraulic push rod 332 to pull the mounting plate 33 up, so that the mounting plate 33 drives the material changing plate 34 to rise synchronously. During the rising process of the mounting plate 33, the mounting plate 33 no longer generates a downward thrust on the slider 37. At this time, the sealing plate 221 pulls the slider 37 up through the metal rope 371 under the action of its own gravity until the mounting plate 33 drives the material changing plate 34 to the material changing port 22. At this time, the sealing plate 221 falls below the material changing port 22 under the action of gravity. At this time, the material changing port 22 is in an open state. At the same time, the No. 1 bevel gear shaft 335 at the upper end of the mounting plate 33 is meshed with the No. 2 bevel gear shaft 337. Since the No. 2 bevel gear shaft 337 is a double-headed bevel gear, and in the initial state, the electromagnetic sheet 145 is in a power-off state, at this time the magnet 144 generates a magnetic field on the bottom of the connecting groove 142 The adsorption force causes the connecting rod 143 to be located in the connecting groove 142 under the magnetic force of the magnet 144. At this time, the connecting rod 143 drives the bevel gear ring 146 on the surface to mesh with the upper end of the second bevel gear shaft 337, controlling the operation of the drive motor 14 so that the drive motor 14 can drive the bevel gear ring 146 to rotate through the connecting rod 143, so that the bevel gear ring 146 drives the second bevel gear shaft 337 meshed with it to rotate, so that the second bevel gear shaft 337 drives the first bevel gear shaft 335 to rotate, so that the first bevel gear shaft 335 can drive the steel wire rope 336 fixed on the surface to be wrapped around its surface during the rotation process, so that the steel wire rope 336 is away from one end of the number one bevel gear shaft 335, pulling the material changing plate 34 to stretch the connecting spring 334 to slide in the slide groove 333, so that the material changing plate 34 enters the lower tower body 2 through the material changing port 22.

[0034] When the material exchange plate 34 enters the lower tower body 2, the material exchange plate 34 will continue to approach the servo motor 23, so that the rectangular rod 232 at one end of the servo motor 23 continues to approach the card slot 233 until the material exchange plate 34 contacts the inner wall of the lower tower body 2, and the hydraulic pump 36 is controlled to deliver hydraulic oil into the rectangular slot 231, so that the hydraulic oil entering the rectangular slot 231 can push the rectangular rod 232 out of the rectangular slot 231, so that the rectangular rod 232 is inserted into the card slot 233, so that the card plate 383 in the card slot 233 is pushed by the rectangular rod 232 and enters the bottom of the card slot 233. Since the card slot 233 is filled with hydraulic oil, the card plate 383 pushed by the rectangular rod 232 The card plate 383 will push the hydraulic oil in the card slot 233 into the air channel 381. By controlling the solenoid valve in the air channel 381 connected to the fixed slot 38 at the upper end of the flip plate 35 to open, the hydraulic oil in the card slot 233 can flow into the fixed slot 38 above the flip plate 35 through the air channel 381, so that the fixing rod 382 in the fixed slot 38 is pushed by the hydraulic oil to extend out of the fixed slot 38 and insert into the support slot 121 on the side wall of the catalytic plate 12, so that the support block 122 in the support slot 121 is pushed by the fixing rod 382 to squeeze the support spring 123 into the support slot 121. At this time, the catalytic plate 12 is fixed to the flip plate 35 through the support rod.

[0035] After the new catalytic plate 12 is fixed to the flip plate 35 by the support rod, the hydraulic pump 36 is controlled to operate so that the hydraulic pump 36 extracts the hydraulic oil in the positioning groove 342 through the spring hose 361, so that the positioning rod 343 in the positioning groove 342 enters the positioning groove 342 under the pull of the negative pressure, so that the flip plate 35 is rotated and connected with the material exchange plate 34. At this time, the servo motor 23 is controlled to operate so that the servo motor 23 drives the flip plate 35 to rotate 180 degrees through the rectangular rod 232, so that the flip plate 35 drives the new catalytic plate 12 to rotate synchronously until the new catalytic plate 12 rotates and faces the bottom of the lower tower body 2. The hydraulic pump 36 is controlled to deliver hydraulic oil into the positioning groove 342, so that the flip plate 35 can rotate and connect with the material exchange plate 34. The plate 35 is fixedly connected to the material exchange plate 34 again through the positioning rod 343. At this time, the electromagnetic sheet 145 in the connecting groove 142 is energized, so that the magnetic poles generated by the electromagnetic sheet 145 are the same as the magnetic poles of the magnet 144. The magnet 144 pushes the connecting rod 143 connected thereto out of the connecting groove 142 under the action of magnetic repulsion, so that the connecting rod 143 drives the bevel gear ring 146 away from the second bevel gear shaft 337, so that the connecting rod 143 is inserted into the slot 147, so that the drive motor 14 is connected to the bevel gear shaft 141 through the connecting rod 143. Since the rectangular rod 232 is inserted into the card slot 233, the rectangular rod 232 and the card slot 233 are in sliding sealing contact. At this time, the rectangular rod 23 2 and the groove wall of the card slot 233 is greater than the restoring force of the connecting spring 334, so that the connecting spring 334 cannot pull the material changing plate 34 away from the lower tower body 2. At this time, the driving motor 14 is controlled to operate, so that the driving motor 14 can drive the bevel gear shaft 141 to rotate, so that the bevel gear shaft 141 can drive the bevel gear ring 131 engaged therewith to rotate, so that the bevel gear ring 131 drives the screw 13 to rotate, so that the screw 13 can drive the old catalytic plate 12 connected with the surface spiral transmission to descend. At the same time, the hydraulic pump 36 is controlled to deliver hydraulic oil through the spring hose 361 into the airbag 352, so that the airbag 352 is filled with hydraulic oil, so that the airbag 352 is stretched. When the old catalytic plate 12 falls, the hydraulic oil is discharged from the airbag 352, and the hydraulic oil is discharged from the airbag 352. When the catalytic plate 12 passes over the screw 13, the old catalytic plate 12 will fall on the upper end of the airbag 352, and the hydraulic pump 36 will be controlled to extract the hydraulic oil in the airbag 352, causing the airbag 352 to shrink. At this time, the old catalytic plate 12 located at the upper end of the airbag 352 will descend with the airbag 352 until the old catalytic plate 12 falls into the groove 351. At this time, the solenoid valve near the groove 351 is controlled to open, and the solenoid plate near the new catalytic plate 12 is closed, so that the hydraulic pump 36 delivers hydraulic oil into the fixed groove 38 near the old catalytic plate 12, so that the fixed rod 382 in the fixed groove 38 is pushed by the hydraulic oil and inserted into the support groove 121 on the side wall of the old catalytic plate 12. At this time, the old catalytic plate 12 is connected to the flip plate 35.

[0036] After the old catalytic plate 12 is connected to the flip plate 35, the hydraulic pump 36 is first controlled to extract the hydraulic oil in the positioning groove 342, so that the support spring 123 pushes the positioning rod 343 into the positioning groove 342 through the support block 122, so that the flip plate 35 is rotated and connected to the replacement plate 34. At this time, the servo motor 23 is controlled to drive the flip plate 35 to rotate 180 degrees, so that the flip plate 35 drives the new catalytic plate 12 upward, and then the flip plate 35 is controlled to be connected to the replacement plate 34 through the positioning rod 343. At this time, the solenoid valve near the new catalytic plate 12 is first controlled to open, and then the hydraulic pump 36 is controlled to extract the hydraulic oil in the rectangular groove 231, so that the rectangular rod 232 partially extends out of the slot 233. At this time, the card plate 383 in the slot 233 is fixed with the spring. The hydraulic oil in the fixing groove 38 flows back into the fixing groove 233 through the opened solenoid valve, so that the fixing rod 382 near the new catalytic plate 12 extends out of the supporting groove 121, so that the new catalytic plate 12 is no longer fixedly connected to the flip plate 35, and the solenoid valve near the new catalytic plate 12 is closed. Then the hydraulic pump 36 is controlled to deliver hydraulic oil into the airbag 352, so that the airbag 352 is stretched, so that the stretched airbag 352 can push the new catalytic plate 12 to rise until the new catalytic plate 12 contacts the screw rod 13, so that the screw rod 13 is inserted into the threaded groove of the new catalytic plate 12, and the drive motor 14 is controlled to drive the screw rod 13 to rotate, so that the screw rod 13 can drive the new catalytic plate 12 to rise, thereby completing the replacement of the catalytic plate 12.

[0037] After the catalytic plate 12 is replaced, the hydraulic pump 36 is first controlled to completely extract the hydraulic oil in the rectangular groove 231, so that the rectangular rod 232 completely enters the rectangular groove 231. At this time, the rectangular rod 232 is separated from the flip plate 35. Then the electromagnetic plate 145 is controlled to be powered off, so that the bevel gear ring 146 enters the connecting groove 142 under the drive of the connecting rod 143, so that the connecting rod 143 drives the bevel gear ring 146 to mesh with the second bevel gear shaft 337 again. At this time, the drive motor 14 is controlled to drive the second bevel gear shaft 337 in the reverse direction. Rotation causes the No. 2 bevel gear shaft 337 to drive the No. 1 bevel gear shaft 335 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the No. 1 bevel gear shaft 335 to release the wire rope 336 on the surface, causing the connecting spring 334 to pull the material changing plate 34 out of the lower tower body 2 and into the material changing box 3, and then control the hydraulic push rod 332 to extend, so that the hydraulic push rod 332 pushes the material changing plate 34 to the box door 31. At this time, the slider 37 located below the material changing plate 34 pulls the sealing plate 221 to reset under the push of the material changing plate 34, so that the material changing port 22 is sealed again.

[0038] During the process of replacing the catalytic plate 12, nitrogen is controlled to be transported from the connection port 32 at the lower end of the material change box 3 to the material change box 3, so that the nitrogen can enter the tower body through the material change port 22, thereby preventing the reaction products remaining in the tower body from entering the material change box 3 through the material change port 22, and preventing the reaction products entering the material change box 3 from leaking when the operator opens the box door 31 to take out the replaced old catalytic plate 12 in the material change box 3, thereby reducing pollution to the environment and protecting the health of the operator.

[0039] A process for producing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation, which is applicable to the above-mentioned device for producing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation, comprises the following steps: S1: Acetone is dehydrated and deoxygenated through a refining device, and then the refined acetone is transported to a preheater and heated to vaporize. At this time, the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank is filtered by a hydrogen filter, pressurized by a hydrogen compressor, buffered by a buffer tank after the hydrogen compressor, and finally heat exchanged by a hydrogen heat exchanger; S2: During the acetone refining process, the air inlet manifold valve of the upper tower body 1 is switched to allow nitrogen to enter the hydrogenation reactor through the air inlet 11, pushing the internal air out from the discharge port of the lower tower body 2, completing the air replacement of the reactor; then the air inlet manifold valve is switched to the preheater exhaust pipe, so that the heat exchanged hydrogen and the vaporized acetone are mixed in a molar ratio of 3:1 and transported to the hydrogenation reactor; S3: As the acetone vapor and hydrogen mixture enters the hydrogenation reactor, the activated catalyst catalyzes the reaction between the acetone and hydrogen. The isopropyl alcohol and unreacted raw materials generated by the reaction enter the gas-liquid separator from the discharge port 21 at the bottom of the lower tower body 2 to separate the gas phase hydrogen and the liquid phase isopropyl alcohol and unreacted acetone. The liquid phase is then transported to a recovery tower to recover the acetone, ultimately obtaining a high-purity isopropyl alcohol product. S4: During the process of producing isopropyl alcohol in the hydrogenation reactor, the user opens the chamber door 31, pre-installs a new catalytic plate 12 on the flip plate 35, and then replaces the oxygen in the material replacement box 3. When the hydrogenation reactor is shut down and a new catalytic plate 12 needs to be replaced, the flip plate 35 is controlled to drive the new catalytic plate 12 into the lower tower body 2 through the material replacement port 22; S5: After the flip plate 35 enters the lower tower body 2, the flip plate 35 is controlled to flip so that the empty groove 351 below the flip plate 35 faces upward, so that the screw 13 releases the old catalytic plate 12 and enters the empty groove 351, and the fixing rod 382 is controlled to fix the old catalytic plate 12 in the empty groove 351. Then the flip plate 35 is controlled to rotate so that the flip plate 35 drives the new catalytic plate 12 upward, and the new catalytic plate 12 is inserted into the screw 13 under the push of the airbag 352, so that the screw 13 drives the new catalytic plate 12 to rise and be sealed and connected to the upper tower body 1, completing the replacement of the catalytic plate 12.

[0040] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for producing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation, comprising a refining device, a preheater, a hydrogen filter, a hydrogen compressor, a buffer tank, a hydrogen heat exchanger, a hydrogenation reactor, a gas-liquid separator, and a recovery tower; characterized in that: The hydrogenation reactor comprises a tower body; the tower body comprises an upper tower body (1) and a lower tower body (2); an air inlet (11) is provided at the upper end of the upper tower body (1); a discharge port (21) is provided at the bottom of the lower tower body (2); a catalytic plate (12) is provided inside the upper tower body (1); a catalyst is installed in the catalytic plate (12); a screw (13) is provided above the catalytic plate (12); one end of the screw (13) is connected to the catalytic plate (12) by spiral transmission, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the upper tower body (1); a driving motor (14) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the upper tower body (1); a bevel gear shaft (141) is installed at the output end of the driving motor (14); a bevel gear ring (131) meshing with the bevel gear shaft (141) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the screw (13); A material change box (3) is fixedly connected to one side of the lower tower body (2); a box door (31) is installed at the lower end of the material change box (3); a connection port (32) is provided at the upper and lower ends of the material change box (3); a material change port (22) communicating with the material change box (3) is provided on the side wall of the lower tower body (2); a sealing plate (221) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tower body; the sealing plate (221) is used to block the material change port (22); a mounting plate (33) is slidably connected inside the material change box (3); a through groove (331) is provided at the center of the mounting plate (33); the upper end of the mounting plate (33) is connected to the material change box (3) through a hydraulic push rod (332); and a material change module is installed at the lower end of the mounting plate (33).

2. The device for preparing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation according to claim 1, wherein: The material changing module comprises: A material changing plate (34); a chute (333) is provided at the lower end of the mounting plate (33); the material changing plate (34) is slidably connected in the chute (333); the material changing plate (34) and the groove wall of the chute (333) are connected via a connecting spring (334); the upper end of the mounting plate (33) is rotatably connected to a No. 1 bevel gear shaft (335); the material changing plate (34) and the No. 1 bevel gear shaft (335) are connected via a wire rope (336); the upper end of the material changing box (3) is rotatably sealed and connected to a No. 2 bevel gear shaft (337); the No. 1 bevel gear shaft (335) and the No. 2 bevel gear shaft (337) are meshed; a groove (351) is provided at the upper end of the material changing plate (34); the catalytic plate (12) is slidably connected in the groove (351); A lifting unit, the lifting unit being installed in the groove (351); the lifting unit being used to push the catalytic plate (12) to slide in the groove (351); A connecting unit; the connecting unit is located between the drive motor (14) and the second bevel gear shaft (337); the drive motor (14) drives the second bevel gear shaft (337) to rotate through the connecting unit.

3. The device for preparing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation according to claim 2, wherein: The connecting unit comprises a connecting rod (143); a connecting groove (142) is provided at the output end of the driving motor (14); the connecting rod (143) is slidably connected in the connecting groove (142); a magnet (144) is embedded at one end of the connecting rod (143) close to the bottom of the connecting groove (142); an electromagnetic sheet (145) is embedded at the bottom of the connecting groove (142); a bevel gear ring (146) meshing with the second bevel gear shaft (337) is fixedly connected to the surface of the connecting rod (143); and a slot (147) is provided at one end of the bevel gear shaft (141) close to the driving motor (14).

4. The device for preparing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation according to claim 3, wherein: The lifting unit includes an airbag (352); the airbag (352) is embedded in the bottom of the groove (351); a hydraulic pump (36) is installed on the upper end of the material changing box (3); the hydraulic pump (36) is connected to the airbag (352) through a spring hose (361).

5. The device for preparing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation according to claim 4, wherein: The sealing plate (221) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the material changing box (3) with a slider (37); the upper end of the slider (37) is fixedly connected to a metal rope (371); the end of the metal rope (371) away from the slider (37) is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (221).

6. The device for preparing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation according to claim 4, wherein: A circular groove (341) is provided inside the material changing plate (34); a flip plate (35) is rotatably connected inside the circular groove (341); the groove (351) is provided on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the flip plate (35); a servo motor (23) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the lower tower body (2); a rectangular groove (231) is provided at the output end of the servo motor (23); a rectangular rod (232) is slidably connected inside the rectangular groove (231); the flip plate (35) is close to the servo motor (23). One end of the motor (23) is provided with a slot (233) matched with the rectangular rod (232); the output shaft surface of the servo motor (23) is rotatably sealed and connected with a rotating ring (24); the output shaft surface of the servo motor (23) is provided with an annular groove (241) connected with the rectangular slot (231); the surface of the rotating ring (24) is provided with a circular hole (242) connected with the annular groove (241); and the infusion pump is connected with the circular hole (242) through an infusion tube (243).

7. The device for preparing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation according to claim 6, wherein: The inner wall of the groove (351) is provided with a fixing groove (38); the fixing groove (38) is communicated with the clamping groove (233) through an air passage (381); a solenoid valve is installed in the air passage (381); a fixing rod (382) is slidably connected in the fixing groove (38); a clamping plate (383) is slidably and sealingly connected in the clamping groove (233); a supporting groove (121) is provided on the side wall of the catalytic plate (12) and is directly opposite to the fixing groove (38); a supporting block (122) is slidably connected in the supporting groove (121); the supporting block (122) is connected to the bottom of the supporting groove (121) via a supporting spring (123).

8. The device for producing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation according to claim 7, wherein: The inner wall of the circular groove (341) is provided with a positioning groove (342) communicating with the spring hose (361); a positioning rod (343) is slidingly and sealingly connected in the positioning groove (342); and the side wall of the flip plate (35) is provided with a straight groove (344) facing the positioning groove (342).

9. A process for preparing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation, which is applicable to the apparatus for preparing isopropyl alcohol by reactive distillation as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The steps of the process are as follows: S1: Acetone is dehydrated and deoxygenated through a refining device, and then the refined acetone is transported to a preheater and heated to vaporize. At this time, the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank is filtered by a hydrogen filter, pressurized by a hydrogen compressor, buffered by a buffer tank after the hydrogen compressor, and finally heat exchanged by a hydrogen heat exchanger; S2: During the acetone refining process, the air inlet manifold valve of the upper tower body (1) is switched to allow nitrogen to enter the hydrogenation reactor through the air inlet (11), pushing the internal air to be discharged from the discharge port of the lower tower body (2), thereby completing the air replacement of the reactor; then, the air inlet manifold valve is switched to the preheater exhaust pipe, thereby mixing the heat exchanged hydrogen and the vaporized acetone in a molar ratio of 3:1 and transporting them to the hydrogenation reactor; S3: As the mixed gas of acetone vapor and hydrogen enters the hydrogenation reactor, the activated catalyst catalyzes the reaction of acetone and hydrogen, and the isopropyl alcohol and unreacted raw materials generated by the reaction enter the gas-liquid separator from the bottom discharge port (21) of the lower tower body (2), and the gas phase hydrogen and the liquid phase isopropyl alcohol and unreacted acetone are separated, and the liquid phase is transported to the recovery tower to recover the acetone, and finally a high-purity isopropyl alcohol product is obtained; S4: During the process of producing isopropyl alcohol in the hydrogenation reactor, the user opens the box door (31), pre-installs the new catalytic plate (12) on the flip plate (35), and then replaces the oxygen in the material replacement box (3). When the hydrogenation reactor is shut down and a new catalytic plate (12) needs to be replaced, the flip plate (35) is controlled to drive the new catalytic plate (12) into the lower tower body (2) through the material replacement port (22); S5: After the flip plate (35) enters the lower tower body (2), the flip plate (35) is controlled to flip so that the empty groove (351) below the flip plate (35) faces upward, so that the screw (13) releases the old catalytic plate (12) and enters the empty groove (351), and the fixing rod (382) is controlled to fix the old catalytic plate (12) in the empty groove (351). Then, the flip plate (35) is controlled to rotate so that the flip plate (35) drives the new catalytic plate (12) to face upward, so that the new catalytic plate (12) is inserted into the screw (13) under the push of the air bag (352), so that the screw (13) drives the new catalytic plate (12) to rise and be sealed and connected to the upper tower body (1), thereby completing the replacement of the catalytic plate (12).

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