Process method and device for imitating natural stone weathering effect

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of architectural art, and discloses a process method for imitating a natural stone weathering effect, and the method comprises the following steps: S10, according to design drawing requirements and shape features of a to-be-imitated sculpture, establishing a 3D model of the to-be-imitated sculpture by using modeling software, and carrying out pretreatment; s20, according to an artistic effect demand, performing texture arrangement on the surface of the 3D model through the modeling software to obtain a texture-made 3D model; s30, the 3D model obtained after texture manufacturing is subjected to surface reduction treatment and cut and divided into pieces with the size suitable for machining of a CNC carving machine tool; s40, CNC carving path programming is carried out on the cut and divided 3D model through carving software, and a machining path code is obtained; s50, performing numerical control engraving on the engraving material according to the processing path code to manufacture a prototype; s60, the prototype is spliced, repaired and polished, and a production mold is manufactured; and S70, producing a product based on the production mold, and treating the surface of the product to achieve the effect of imitating natural stone weathering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of architectural art, in particular to a process method and device for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone. Background Art

[0002] In the field of architectural art engineering, especially when it comes to complex sculptural surface decoration, traditionally, artificial carving technology has been relied upon to achieve various artistic effects, including imitating natural stone weathering effects.

[0003] The weathering effect of natural stone refers to the unique surface texture, color changes, and morphological characteristics that develop over time due to the effects of natural environments, such as wind, rain, sunlight, and temperature fluctuations. This effect typically manifests as uneven surfaces, varying depths of texture, natural color transitions, and possible cracks or flaking, lending the stone an aesthetic of antiquity and age. In architecture and sculpture, the weathering effect is often used to create a natural, rustic artistic style.

[0004] However, achieving a natural weathering effect through manual carving relies heavily on the sculptor's individual skill and experience. Differences in skill between sculptors can lead to significant variations in the final artistic effect, making it difficult to ensure consistency and standardization in large-scale production. The manual carving process is subjective and inefficient, and this ambiguous method can easily lead to deviations between the final product and the target natural stone sample, making it difficult to achieve high-precision imitation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a process method for accurately imitating the weathering effect of natural stone without relying on manual labor.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone, the method comprising:

[0007] S10, according to the requirements of the design drawings and the shape characteristics of the sculpture to be copied, using modeling software to create a 3D model of the sculpture to be copied and perform preprocessing;

[0008] The preprocessing in S10 specifically includes:

[0009] S11, subdividing the 3D model into high-precision grids sufficient to support texture layout;

[0010] S12, simulating the weathering process of the 3D model using a multi-physics field coupling simulation system to generate a simulation data set including thermal stress distribution and fluid erosion path;

[0011] S13, based on the simulation data set, using a reinforcement learning algorithm to optimize the parameters of the texture arrangement to improve the similarity between the simulation effect and the sculpture to be imitated;

[0012] S20, arranging textures on the surface of the 3D model using the modeling software according to the optimized parameters of the texture arrangement to obtain a textured 3D model;

[0013] S30, performing surface reduction processing on the 3D model after the texture is produced and cutting the parts into pieces into sizes suitable for processing by a CNC engraving machine;

[0014] S40, using engraving software to perform CNC engraving path programming on the 3D model after cutting and dividing to obtain a processing path code;

[0015] S50, CNC engraving the engraving material according to the processing path code to make a prototype;

[0016] S60, assembling, repairing, and polishing the prototype to make a production mold;

[0017] S70: Produce a product based on the production mold, and process the surface of the product to achieve an effect similar to that of natural stone weathering.

[0018] Furthermore, the reinforcement learning algorithm optimizes the parameters of the texture arrangement specifically including the following steps:

[0019] Determining a parameter range that can be adjusted by the reinforcement learning algorithm, wherein the parameter range includes texture depth and curvature;

[0020] Adjust the reinforcement learning algorithm feedback parameters based on the similarity between the simulation effect and the sculpture to be imitated;

[0021] The parameters of the texture arrangement are modified according to the feedback parameters.

[0022] Furthermore, the method of processing the surface of the product includes painting and aging the surface of the product.

[0023] Furthermore, the carving material includes foam and plaster.

[0024] Furthermore, the production mold is made of silicone.

[0025] Furthermore, the modeling software includes Rhino software and ZBrush software.

[0026] Furthermore, the S20 includes:

[0027] S21, create ZBrush custom brushes based on the real stone surface texture effect;

[0028] S22, arranging stone textures of varying depths and densities on the surface of the 3D model using the custom brush according to artistic requirements.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present invention, a process device for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone is provided, and the process method for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone is used when sculpting using the process device for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone.

[0030] Furthermore, the device comprises:

[0031] A 3D model building module, configured to use modeling software to build and pre-process a 3D model of the sculpture to be copied based on the requirements of the design drawings and the shape characteristics of the sculpture to be copied; the 3D model building module includes a first unit configured to subdivide the 3D model into a high-precision grid sufficient to support texture layout; a second unit configured to simulate the weathering process of the 3D model using a multi-physics field coupling simulation system to generate a simulation data set including thermal stress distribution and fluid erosion paths; and a third unit configured to optimize texture layout parameters using a reinforcement learning algorithm based on the simulation data set to improve the simulation effect and the similarity to the sculpture to be copied;

[0032] A texture arrangement module, wherein the texture arrangement module is used to arrange textures on the surface of the 3D model using the modeling software according to the optimized parameters of the texture arrangement to obtain a textured 3D model;

[0033] A model surface reduction and component division module is used to reduce the surface of the 3D model after the texture is produced and cut the components into sizes suitable for CNC engraving machine processing;

[0034] A carving path programming module, wherein the carving path programming module is used to perform CNC carving path programming on the 3D model after cutting and dividing the parts using carving software to obtain a processing path code;

[0035] A CNC engraving module, which is used to perform CNC engraving on the engraving material according to the processing path code to produce a prototype;

[0036] A prototype processing and mold making module is used to assemble, repair, and polish the prototype to make a production mold;

[0037] The product production and surface treatment module is used to produce products based on the production mold and treat the surface of the product to achieve the effect of imitating natural stone weathering.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] This invention achieves standardized production of natural stone weathering effects through 3D modeling and CNC engraving technologies. 3D modeling and texture placement ensure the digitization and reproducibility of the artistic effects, while CNC engraving path programming ensures the precision and consistency of the engraving process, reducing reliance on the sculptor's individual skills and improving production consistency and standardization. This method is particularly suitable for architectural art and sculpture projects requiring large-scale production. By optimizing the processing flow and employing automated engraving technology, this invention significantly improves production efficiency. Face reduction and trimming optimize model data, reducing unnecessary engraving workload. CNC engraving machines enable efficient and precise engraving, significantly shortening prototyping time, thereby shortening the overall production cycle, improving production efficiency, and reducing production costs. Through digital texture placement and CNC engraving technology, this invention achieves precise simulation and reproduction of natural stone weathering effects. Texture placement can simulate a variety of complex natural stone weathering effects, while CNC engraving ensures the precise realization of these effects. Product production and surface treatment further enhance the product's artistic expression, giving the product surface a weathering effect similar to that of natural stone. The present invention obtains a simulation data set through synchronous calculation of a multi-physics field coupling simulation system, so that the weathering morphology has physical authenticity, and optimizes the parameters of the texture layout to improve the similarity between the simulation effect and the sculpture to be imitated, making the subsequent prototype more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a specific flow chart of the pre-processing in step S10 of the process method for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a process device for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which various details of the embodiments of the present invention are included to facilitate understanding. These details should be considered as merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of the present invention. Similarly, for the sake of clarity and conciseness, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0045] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone includes:

[0046] S10, according to the requirements of the design drawings and the shape characteristics of the sculpture to be copied, using modeling software to create a 3D model of the sculpture to be copied and perform preprocessing;

[0047] The preprocessing in S10 specifically includes:

[0048] S11, subdividing the 3D model into high-precision grids sufficient to support texture layout;

[0049] S12, simulating the weathering process of the 3D model using a multi-physics field coupling simulation system to generate a simulation data set including thermal stress distribution and fluid erosion path;

[0050] S13, based on the simulation data set, using a reinforcement learning algorithm to optimize the parameters of the texture arrangement to improve the similarity between the simulation effect and the sculpture to be imitated;

[0051] S20, arranging textures on the surface of the 3D model using the modeling software according to the optimized parameters of the texture arrangement to obtain a textured 3D model;

[0052] S30, performing surface reduction processing on the 3D model after the texture is produced and cutting the parts into pieces into sizes suitable for processing by a CNC engraving machine;

[0053] S40, using engraving software to perform CNC engraving path programming on the 3D model after cutting and dividing to obtain a processing path code;

[0054] S50, CNC engraving the engraving material according to the processing path code to make a prototype;

[0055] S60, assembling, repairing, and polishing the prototype to make a production mold;

[0056] S70: Produce a product based on the production mold, and process the surface of the product to achieve an effect similar to that of natural stone weathering.

[0057] Among them, CNC engraving machine: a computer numerically controlled engraving machine that automatically executes the engraving path through a preset program. Face reduction processing: using an algorithm to reduce the number of polygons of a 3D model, optimizing the file size while retaining key features. Texture layout: adding texture details to the surface of a 3D model to simulate the weathering characteristics of natural stone. Production mold: a master mold used for mass reproduction of products, usually made of flexible materials such as silicone. Among them, multi-physics field coupling simulation thermal stress simulation: for example, based on the difference in thermal expansion coefficient of the material, the distribution pattern of cracks caused by day and night temperature differences and seasonal temperature differences is calculated; fluid dynamics simulation: using the LBM lattice Boltzmann method to simulate the rainwater erosion path and the process of dissolution groove formation to construct a data set, generating a three-dimensional data matrix containing a stress distribution cloud map, a velocity vector field, and an erosion depth map. The problem discussed in the reinforcement learning algorithm is how an intelligent agent can maximize the reward it can obtain in a complex and uncertain environment. By perceiving the state of the environment and its response to the action (reward), we can guide better actions and obtain the maximum benefit (return). This is called learning through interaction, and this learning method is called reinforcement learning.

[0058] Specifically, S10 uses modeling software to create and pre-process a 3D model of the sculpture to be copied, based on the design drawings and the shape characteristics of the sculpture to be copied. This step converts the design drawings into a precise three-dimensional digital model, providing the foundational data for subsequent steps such as texture layout and carving path planning. 3D modeling ensures that the sculpture's shape, proportions, and detailed features are completely consistent with the design drawings, while also facilitating subsequent digital processing. S12 uses the ANSYS Workbench platform to construct a coupled simulation. This step calculates the material's expansion and contraction behavior under temperature cycling through thermal simulation to generate crack distribution patterns. It also simulates the flow of rainwater, windblown sand, or chemical solutions on the model surface to predict erosion paths. Finally, multiple sets of physical field data are integrated to form a comprehensive dataset containing information such as stress distribution, erosion depth, and surface roughness. S13 uses a reinforcement learning algorithm to automatically adjust the parameters for generating weathering features based on the simulation results. The simulation dataset is input, and parameters (such as fractal dimension, erosion rate, surface fluctuation amplitude, and surface texture) are adjusted to ensure that the generated simulation closely matches the visual characteristics and physical properties of the sculpture. Through iterative optimization, the algorithm can independently explore the optimal parameter combination, significantly improving the realism of the simulation effect.

[0059] S20: Based on the desired artistic effect, texture is arranged on the surface of the 3D model using the modeling software to obtain a textured 3D model. This step adds the weathered texture of natural stone to the surface of the 3D model, simulating the surface characteristics of natural stone formed under the influence of the natural environment over a long period of time, such as unevenness and changes in texture depth. This texture arrangement can make the sculpture surface appear more natural and realistic weathering, enhancing the sculpture's artistic expression. S30: The textured 3D model is subjected to surface reduction processing and cut into pieces suitable for processing on a CNC engraving machine. This step optimizes the data volume of the 3D model and reduces the number of unnecessary polygons, facilitating efficient processing on the CNC engraving machine. Simultaneously, the model is cut into pieces based on the machine's processing size and the actual size of the sculpture, ensuring that each piece of material can be fully processed on the machine, thereby improving processing efficiency and material utilization. S40: Using engraving software, CNC engraving paths are programmed on the cut and divided 3D model to generate processing path codes. This step converts the cut and divided 3D model into processing path codes that can be recognized by the CNC engraving machine. Using the engraving software to plan a reasonable engraving path ensures that the machine can accurately engrave according to the preset texture and shape, thereby improving processing accuracy and efficiency.

[0060] This invention achieves standardized production of natural stone weathering effects through 3D modeling and CNC engraving technologies. 3D modeling and texture placement ensure the digitization and reproducibility of the artistic effects, while CNC engraving path programming ensures the precision and consistency of the engraving process, reducing reliance on the sculptor's individual skills and improving production consistency and standardization. This method is particularly suitable for architectural art and sculpture projects requiring large-scale production. By optimizing the processing flow and employing automated engraving technology, this invention significantly improves production efficiency. Face reduction and trimming optimize model data, reducing unnecessary engraving workload. CNC engraving machines enable efficient and precise engraving, significantly shortening prototyping time, thereby shortening the overall production cycle, improving production efficiency, and reducing production costs. Through digital texture placement and CNC engraving technology, this invention achieves precise simulation and reproduction of natural stone weathering effects. Texture placement can simulate a variety of complex natural stone weathering effects, while CNC engraving ensures the precise realization of these effects. Product production and surface treatment further enhance the product's artistic expression, giving the product surface a weathering effect similar to that of natural stone. The present invention obtains a simulation data set through synchronous calculation of a multi-physics field coupling simulation system, so that the weathering morphology has physical authenticity, and optimizes the parameters of the texture layout to improve the similarity between the simulation effect and the sculpture to be imitated, making the subsequent prototype more accurate.

[0061] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcement learning algorithm optimizes the parameters of the texture arrangement specifically including the following steps:

[0062] Determining a parameter range that can be adjusted by the reinforcement learning algorithm, wherein the parameter range includes texture depth and curvature;

[0063] Adjust the reinforcement learning algorithm feedback parameters based on the similarity between the simulation effect and the sculpture to be imitated;

[0064] The parameters of the texture arrangement are modified according to the feedback parameters.

[0065] For example, let's take an example. First, we need to define the algorithm's adjustable parameter range, including texture depth and curvature threshold. Texture depth is adjustable from 0.1 mm to 5 mm, controlling the vertical etching intensity of the weathering texture, which directly affects the visual effect of surface bumps. The curvature threshold is adjustable from 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm, constraining the density of texture distribution in curved areas to avoid undesirable smoothing or excessive erosion in high-curvature regions.

[0066] During the algorithm execution process, the state space and action space need to be constructed. The state space consists of physical features, visual features, and the current parameter state. Physical features are extracted from the multi-physics field simulation data set, including the thermal stress value, fluid velocity vector, and erosion depth of the local area; visual features are obtained by calculating the structural similarity index or deep learning feature distance between the current texture and the corresponding area of ​​the target sculpture; the current parameter state records the values ​​of the texture depth and curvature threshold. The action space is defined as a set of discrete actions, including operations such as increasing or decreasing the texture depth and raising or lowering the curvature threshold. The action amplitude is dynamically adjusted according to the optimization stage.

[0067] The design of the reward function must balance the requirements of multi-objective optimization. The visual fidelity reward is calculated by calculating the increment of the structural similarity index and assigning a higher weight to encourage improvement in similarity. The physical plausibility reward provides positive feedback when the parameter combination satisfies the linear correlation requirement between the crack propagation path and the thermal stress distribution. The smoothness penalty applies negative feedback to texture discontinuities caused by sudden parameter changes to avoid visual artifacts. The total reward is the weighted sum of these three items, with the weight coefficients dynamically adjusted based on the optimization objective.

[0068] During the algorithm training phase, a proximal policy optimization algorithm is employed. After initializing the policy network and value network, an ε-greedy strategy is employed to balance exploration and exploitation. An experience replay mechanism stores historical state, action, and reward data, updates network parameters at fixed intervals, and employs importance sampling to reduce bias. During the iterative optimization process, the algorithm generates new textures based on the current parameters and runs coupled simulations for verification. Training terminates when the visual similarity metric converges to a preset threshold or the maximum number of iterations is reached.

[0069] Parameter correction strategies include dynamic constraint adjustment and multi-resolution optimization. Dynamic constraint adjustment sets physical limits for specific parameters (such as erosion rate), automatically reducing the range of the action space when parameter adjustments may exceed the material tolerance. Multi-resolution optimization uses high-precision local optimization for complex areas and global parameter generalization for flat areas, reducing the amount of computation while ensuring results.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present invention, multi-physics field coupling simulation is used to provide physical law constraints, reinforcement learning algorithm is used to achieve dynamic parameter optimization, and CNC engraving technology is used to ensure processing accuracy. The present invention achieves a significant improvement in the realism and accuracy of imitating the weathering effect of natural stone.

[0071] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the method of processing the surface of the product includes painting or aging the surface of the product.

[0072] The specific implementation method for product aging can be chemical etching, using weak acid solutions such as dilute hydrochloric acid and oxalic acid to corrode the sculpture surface to simulate the acid erosion marks formed on natural stone due to long-term exposure to air. The sculpture surface can also be sandblasted with a machine to remove the surface gloss layer and create a rough texture. By adjusting the particle size and pressure of the sandblasting, the surface characteristics of natural stone formed by wind and sand erosion can be simulated. The surface of the product is painted with imitation stone paint similar to the color of natural stone, such as gray, beige, brown, etc., to simulate the base color of natural stone.

[0073] In this embodiment of the present invention, the distressing treatment simulates the various marks left on natural stone by the effects of the natural environment over time, such as acid erosion, wind and sand erosion, and stress damage, making the weathering effect on the sculpture surface more realistic and natural. The paint treatment gives the sculpture surface a more realistic stone color and texture, enhancing the sculpture's artistic expression and realism.

[0074] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the sculpting material includes foam and plaster.

[0075] Foam is a lightweight, easily processed material with excellent plasticity and cushioning properties. In this invention, foam was chosen as one of the carving materials, primarily because it is easy to cut, carve, and shape, enabling rapid conversion of 3D models into physical prototypes. Gypsum was chosen as another carving material because it accurately captures the texture and shape characteristics of 3D models, ensuring the accuracy and quality of the carved prototype. Gypsum is also easy to polish and repair, facilitating subsequent mold production.

[0076] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the production mold is made of silicone.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present invention, the silicone mold can be customized and reproduced according to the complex form of the sculpture, adapting to various irregular shapes and detailed features to meet the needs of personalized artistic creation.

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the modeling software includes Rhino software and ZBrush software.

[0079] Specifically, based on the design drawings and the shape features of the sculpture, the basic outline of the sculpture is imported or drawn in Rhino software. Use Rhino software's Loft (lofting), Sweep (sweep) and other commands to generate the basic surface of the sculpture based on the outline. By adjusting the control points of the surface, ensure that the basic shape of the sculpture is completely consistent with the design drawings. Use Rhino software's TweenSurfaces (surface transition) command to create delicate transition surfaces between the basic surfaces to make the sculpture's shape more natural and smooth. Use the SubD (subdivision surface) tool to subdivide the model to improve the smoothness and accuracy of the model, providing a good foundation for subsequent texture layout. Import the 3D model exported by Rhino software into ZBrush software. Use ZBrush's DynaMesh (dynamic mesh) function to rewire the model and increase the number of polygons of the model to facilitate more detailed texture layout. Through multiple Divide (subdivision) operations, subdivide the model into a high-precision mesh to ensure that the weathering details of natural stone can be captured.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present invention, Rhino software excels at building basic models and optimizing details, and can quickly convert design drawings into precise 3D models. ZBrush software, on the other hand, focuses on texture layout and detailed carving, and can simulate the complex weathering effects of natural stone. The two softwares work together to give full play to their respective advantages and improve overall modeling efficiency. By combining Rhino software and ZBrush software, the shape and texture details of the sculpture can be precisely controlled. ZBrush software's powerful texture layout function can simulate various complex weathering effects of natural stone, making the sculpture surface present a more natural and realistic artistic effect. Both Rhino software and ZBrush software support efficient 3D modeling and texture layout processes, and can quickly generate high-quality 3D models. This helps shorten the production cycle of sculptures, improve production efficiency, and reduce production costs. Through precise 3D modeling and delicate texture layout, it can ensure that the shape and texture details of the sculpture are completely consistent with the design drawings. This helps improve the product quality of the sculpture and meet the requirements of high-precision sculpture production.

[0081] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the S20 includes:

[0082] S21, create ZBrush custom brushes based on the real stone surface texture effect;

[0083] S22, arranging stone textures of varying depths and densities on the surface of the 3D model using the custom brush according to artistic requirements.

[0084] Among them, stone sample collection: Collect a variety of representative natural stone samples, such as sandstone, limestone, granite, etc., to ensure that the samples cover different degrees of weathering and texture characteristics. Texture feature extraction: Use a high-resolution scanner or camera to scan or photograph the stone samples to obtain detailed images of their surface texture. In the image processing software, pre-process the scanned or photographed images, such as denoising, enhancing contrast, etc., to highlight the texture characteristics of the stone. ZBrush brush creation: Import the processed stone texture image into the ZBrush software. Use the Create Alpha function in the Brush menu of ZBrush to convert the stone texture image into an Alpha texture. Based on the Alpha texture, use the New Brush function in the Brush menu to create a custom brush. During the creation process, you can adjust the brush parameters, such as the Stroke type, Size, Intensity, etc., to simulate the different characteristics of the stone texture.

[0085] In this embodiment of the present invention, by creating custom brushes based on real stone samples, the surface texture of the sculpture can be highly consistent with the actual stone, enhancing the sculpture's artistic realism. Custom brushes can be adjusted and optimized as needed to accommodate different stone types and texture characteristics, improving modeling flexibility and efficiency. ZBrush software's powerful brush functions and texture placement tools can quickly generate high-quality texture effects on 3D model surfaces, improving modeling efficiency and quality.

[0086] According to another aspect of the present invention, a process device for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone is provided, and the process method for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone is used when sculpting using the process device for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone.

[0087] like Figure 4 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the device includes:

[0088] A 3D model building module 10 is configured to use modeling software to build and pre-process a 3D model of the sculpture to be copied based on the requirements of the design drawings and the shape characteristics of the sculpture to be copied. The 3D model building module includes a first unit for subdividing the 3D model into a high-precision grid sufficient to support texture layout; a second unit for simulating the weathering process of the 3D model using a multi-physics field coupling simulation system to generate a simulation data set including thermal stress distribution and fluid erosion path; and a third unit for optimizing texture layout parameters using a reinforcement learning algorithm based on the simulation data set to improve the simulation effect and the similarity to the sculpture to be copied.

[0089] A texture arrangement module 20 is configured to arrange textures on the surface of the 3D model using the modeling software according to the optimized texture arrangement parameters to obtain a textured 3D model;

[0090] The model surface reduction and component division module 30 is used to reduce the surface of the 3D model after the texture is produced and cut the components into sizes suitable for CNC engraving machine processing;

[0091] A carving path programming module 40 is used to use carving software to perform CNC carving path programming on the 3D model after cutting and dividing to obtain a processing path code;

[0092] A CNC engraving module 50 is used to perform CNC engraving on the engraving material according to the processing path code to produce a prototype;

[0093] A prototype processing and mold making module 60 is used to assemble, repair, and polish the prototype to make a production mold;

[0094] The product production and surface treatment module 70 is used to produce products based on the production mold and treat the surface of the product to achieve an effect similar to that of natural stone weathering.

[0095] This invention achieves standardized production of natural stone weathering effects through 3D modeling and CNC engraving technologies. 3D modeling and texture placement ensure the digitization and reproducibility of the artistic effects, while CNC engraving path programming ensures the precision and consistency of the engraving process, reducing reliance on the sculptor's individual skills and improving production consistency and standardization. This method is particularly suitable for architectural art and sculpture projects requiring large-scale production. By optimizing the processing flow and employing automated engraving technology, this invention significantly improves production efficiency. Face reduction and trimming optimize model data, reducing unnecessary engraving workload. CNC engraving machines enable efficient and precise engraving, significantly shortening prototyping time, thereby shortening the overall production cycle, improving production efficiency, and reducing production costs. Through digital texture placement and CNC engraving technology, this invention achieves precise simulation and reproduction of natural stone weathering effects. Texture placement can simulate a variety of complex natural stone weathering effects, while CNC engraving ensures the precise realization of these effects. Product production and surface treatment further enhance the product's artistic expression, giving the product surface a weathering effect similar to that of natural stone. The present invention obtains a simulation data set through synchronous calculation of a multi-physics field coupling simulation system, so that the weathering morphology has physical authenticity, and optimizes the parameters of the texture layout to improve the similarity between the simulation effect and the sculpture to be imitated, making the subsequent prototype more accurate.

[0096] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone, used for sculpture, characterized in that: The method comprises: S10, according to the requirements of the design drawings and the shape characteristics of the sculpture to be copied, using modeling software to create a 3D model of the sculpture to be copied and perform preprocessing; The preprocessing in S10 specifically includes: S11, subdividing the 3D model into high-precision grids sufficient to support texture layout; S12, simulating the weathering process of the 3D model using a multi-physics field coupling simulation system to generate a simulation data set including thermal stress distribution and fluid erosion path; S13, based on the simulation data set, using a reinforcement learning algorithm to optimize the parameters of the texture arrangement to improve the similarity between the simulation effect and the sculpture to be imitated; S20, arranging textures on the surface of the 3D model using the modeling software according to the optimized parameters of the texture arrangement to obtain a textured 3D model; S30, performing surface reduction processing on the 3D model after the texture is produced and cutting the parts into pieces into sizes suitable for processing by a CNC engraving machine; S40, using engraving software to perform CNC engraving path programming on the 3D model after cutting and dividing to obtain a processing path code; S50, CNC engraving the engraving material according to the processing path code to make a prototype; S60, assembling, repairing, and polishing the prototype to make a production mold; S70: Produce a product based on the production mold, and process the surface of the product to achieve an effect similar to that of natural stone weathering.

2. The process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement learning algorithm optimizes the parameters of the texture arrangement specifically including the following steps: Determining a parameter range that can be adjusted by the reinforcement learning algorithm, wherein the parameter range includes texture depth and curvature; Adjust the reinforcement learning algorithm feedback parameters based on the similarity between the simulation effect and the sculpture to be imitated; The parameters of the texture arrangement are modified according to the feedback parameters.

3. The process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of treating the surface of the product includes painting and aging the surface of the product.

4. The process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The sculpting materials include foam and plaster.

5. The process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone according to claim 4, characterized in that: The production mold is made of silicone.

6. The process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone according to claim 5, characterized in that: The modeling software includes Rhino software and ZBrush software.

7. The process for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S20 includes: S21, create ZBrush custom brushes based on the real stone surface texture effect; S22, arranging stone textures of varying depths and densities on the surface of the 3D model using the custom brush according to artistic requirements.

8. A process device for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone, characterized in that: The process device for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone is used to perform sculpture, and the process method for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is included.

9. The process device for imitating the weathering effect of natural stone according to claim 8, characterized in that: The device comprises: A 3D model building module, configured to use modeling software to build and pre-process a 3D model of the sculpture to be copied based on the requirements of the design drawings and the shape characteristics of the sculpture to be copied; the 3D model building module includes a first unit configured to subdivide the 3D model into a high-precision grid sufficient to support texture layout; a second unit configured to simulate the weathering process of the 3D model using a multi-physics field coupling simulation system to generate a simulation data set including thermal stress distribution and fluid erosion paths; and a third unit configured to optimize texture layout parameters using a reinforcement learning algorithm based on the simulation data set to improve the simulation effect and the similarity to the sculpture to be copied; A texture arrangement module, wherein the texture arrangement module is used to arrange textures on the surface of the 3D model using the modeling software according to the optimized parameters of the texture arrangement to obtain a textured 3D model; A model surface reduction and component division module is used to reduce the surface of the 3D model after the texture is produced and cut the components into sizes suitable for CNC engraving machine processing; A carving path programming module, wherein the carving path programming module is used to perform CNC carving path programming on the 3D model after cutting and dividing the parts using carving software to obtain a processing path code; A CNC engraving module, which is used to perform CNC engraving on the engraving material according to the processing path code to produce a prototype; A prototype processing and mold making module is used to assemble, repair, and polish the prototype to make a production mold; The product production and surface treatment module is used to produce products based on the production mold and treat the surface of the product to achieve the effect of imitating natural stone weathering.

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