River channel hardened slope protection in-situ ecological restoration system and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of bank slope ecological restoration, and particularly discloses a riverway hardened slope protection in-situ ecological restoration system which is characterized in that on the basis that an original hard bank protection slope is not damaged, steel bar square concrete lattices are laid on the hard bank protection slope, BSC biological machine-made concrete and planting soil are sequentially laid in the steel bar square concrete lattices from bottom to top, and the BSC biological machine-made concrete and the planting soil are sequentially laid in the hard bank protection slope; a grass blanket is planted on the planting soil; meanwhile, reinforced concrete connecting beams are further arranged at the bottoms of the square reinforced concrete lattices, n-shaped concrete lattices are arranged on the reinforced concrete connecting beams along the sides close to the riverway, backflow steps are arranged in the n-shaped concrete lattices, plants are sequentially planted on the backflow steps from the highest step to the lower step, and water and soil loss is prevented; meanwhile, a suitable living and inhabiting environment is built for aquatic plants, aquatic animals, waterfowls, amphibians and the like, conditions are provided for substance, energy and information exchange of a river channel and a land ecosystem, and the overall restoration capacity of the ecosystem is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bank slope ecological restoration, and in particular relates to an in-situ ecological restoration system and method for river channel hardened bank protection. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the river slope protection in my country adopts hard slope protection, mainly using mortar-laid or dry-laid block stones, cast-in-place concrete or precast concrete blocks. Hard slope protection plays an important role in improving the structural stability of the slope, preventing soil erosion, and flood control and drainage. However, it also has a great impact on the ecology. Since the hard slope protection is isolated from the soil and there is a lack of plants to block the contact between the slope protection and the river channel, small animals and fish on the bank and in the river channel have no space to detour and will be directly washed downstream, resulting in a reduction in biological species and a direct impact on the sustainable development of the surrounding ecological environment.

[0003] Therefore, many scholars have conducted extensive research on the ecological transformation and restoration of hard slope protection, such as utility model patents (CN216339594 U, CN214401648 U) and invention patent (CN 108374393). These methods involve installing bottom and top beams at the upper and lower ends of the original hard slope protection, evenly placing gravel piles on the slope surface to fill the gravel, or crushing the upper slope surface before placing ecological frames on the hard slope surface and filling it with gravel and ecological ball turf. These methods have some ecological benefits, but they cause some damage to the hard slope surface, affecting the stability of the slope structure, wasting existing slope resources, and increasing the cost of ecological restoration. Most importantly, they do not consider the transitional connection between the river ecosystem and the revetment ecosystem. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop ecological transformation plans that provide habitats for animals, plants, and microorganisms while preserving the existing hard slope protection structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an in-situ ecological restoration system for river channel hardened slope protection, which adopts in-situ ecological transformation of river channel hardened slope protection without destroying the original structure and sets up a river channel winding space at the bottom of the slope to effectively connect the river channel ecosystem with the shore ecosystem.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A river channel hardened slope protection in-situ ecological restoration system comprises a levee top concrete pavement, a levee top wave-breaking wall arranged at the edge of the levee top concrete pavement, and a hard bank protection slope surface covering the bank slope. Reinforced square concrete frames are laid on the hard bank protection slope surface. BSC bio-mechanical concrete and planting soil are laid in sequence from bottom to top in the reinforced square concrete frames, and a grass mat is planted on the planting soil. Reinforced concrete connecting beams are also provided at the bottom of the reinforced square concrete frames. An "J"-shaped concrete grid is provided along the reinforced concrete connecting beam close to the river channel. A return flow ladder is provided inside the "J"-shaped concrete grid, and plants are planted in the return flow ladder from the highest ladder to the lower ladder.

[0007] Preferably, the reinforced square concrete frame is fixed on the top of the hard bank protection slope by threaded steel anchor rods, and the gap between the threaded steel anchor rods and the hard bank protection slope is filled tightly with modified epoxy resin anchor glue.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of through holes are evenly provided on the reinforced concrete connecting beam, pipe piles are inserted into the through holes, and the pipe piles are inserted into the riverbed.

[0009] Preferably, the angles between the return step and the left and right side walls inside the "J"-shaped concrete grid are set to be acute angles, and the reinforced concrete connecting beam is consolidated with the "J"-shaped concrete grid and the reinforced square concrete frame.

[0010] Preferably, a drainage pipe is also provided on the reinforced square concrete frame to connect the concrete pavement on the top of the embankment with the river channel.

[0011] The present invention provides a restoration method for the above-mentioned river channel hardened slope protection in-situ ecological restoration system, which comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1: Ecological transformation of hard bank slopes;

[0013] S1.1: Lay reinforced square concrete frames on the hard bank slope and bury threaded steel anchor rods;

[0014] S1.2: Extend the reinforced concrete square frame to the riverbank and lay reinforced concrete connecting beams and pipe piles;

[0015] S1.3: Lay drainage pipes above each row of reinforced square concrete frames;

[0016] S1.4: Fill the reinforced square concrete grid with BSC bio-mechanical concrete and backfill with planting soil, then plant a grass mat on the planting soil;

[0017] S2: Arrange a material exchange space between the river channel and the land at the bottom of the hard bank protection slope.

[0018] S2.1: Lay an "I"-shaped frame on the water-facing side of the reinforced concrete connecting beam. The square frame outside the "I"-shaped frame is connected and fixed with the reinforced concrete connecting beam;

[0019] S2.2: Arrange stone return steps on the inner side of the "X"-shaped frame;

[0020] S2.3: Backfill the return flow steps with planting soil, and then plant water-tolerant terrestrial plants, emergent plants, floating-leaf plants, and submerged plants in sequence from the highest step to the lower steps.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The present invention lays reinforced square concrete frames on the hard bank protection slope without destroying the original hard bank protection slope, and lays BSC biological mechanism concrete and planting soil in the reinforced square concrete frames from bottom to top, and plants grass mats on the planting soil; at the same time, reinforced concrete connecting beams are provided at the bottom of the reinforced concrete square concrete frames, and a "J"-shaped concrete grid is provided along the reinforced concrete connecting beam close to the river channel side, and a return flow ladder is provided inside the "J"-shaped concrete grid, and plants are planted on the return flow ladder from the highest ladder to the lower ladder. On the basis of continuing the flood control safety of the original hard bank protection, the stability of the river bank is strengthened and soil erosion is prevented. At the same time, a suitable living habitat is created for aquatic plants, aquatic animals (fish, shrimp, snails, shellfish, benthic and planktonic organisms, etc.), waterfowl, amphibians, etc., and conditions are provided for the exchange of matter, energy and information between the river channel and the terrestrial ecosystem, thereby improving the overall restoration capacity of the ecosystem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the whole of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a top plan view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the "X"-shaped concrete grid in the present invention.

[0027] Among them, the meaning of each figure mark is: 1. Concrete pavement on top of embankment; 2. Wave-breaking wall on top of embankment; 3. Hard bank protection slope; 4. Threaded steel anchor rod; 5. Reinforced square concrete frame; 6. Reinforced concrete connecting beam; 7. Pipe pile; 8. BSC bio-mechanical concrete; 9. Planting soil; 10. J-shaped concrete grid; 11. Return flow ladder; 12. Drainage pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a river channel hardened slope protection in-situ ecological restoration system includes a levee top concrete pavement 1, a levee top wave-breaking wall 2 set at the edge of the levee top concrete pavement 1, and a hard bank protection slope 3 covering the bank slope. A reinforced square concrete frame 5 is laid on the hard bank protection slope 3. BSC bio-mechanical concrete 8 and planting soil 9 are laid in the reinforced square concrete frame 5 from bottom to top. A grass mat is planted on the planting soil 9. A reinforced concrete connecting beam 6 is also set at the bottom of the reinforced concrete square concrete frame 5. A "J"-shaped concrete grid 10 is set along the reinforced concrete connecting beam 6 near the river channel. A return flow ladder is set inside the "J"-shaped concrete grid 10 The angles between the return steps 11 and the left and right side walls of the "J"-shaped concrete grid 10 are set at acute angles. The reinforced concrete connecting beams 6 are bonded to the "J"-shaped concrete grid 10 and the reinforced square concrete frame 5. This not only supports the load of the newly added slope protection measures but also reinforces the existing anti-scour system. At the same time, the return steps 11 form a static water flow area, providing a suitable living environment for aquatic plants, aquatic animals (fish, shrimp, shellfish, benthic and planktonic organisms, etc.), waterfowl, and amphibians. The return steps 11 are planted with emergent plants, floating-leaf plants, and submerged plants in descending order from the highest step. This constructs an aquatic plant community system, creates a habitat that allows material and energy to flow across land, water, and air, and promotes the healthy development of the entire ecosystem.

[0031] In this embodiment, the reinforced square concrete frame 5 is fixed above the hard bank protection slope 3 by threaded steel anchor rods 4. The threaded steel anchor rods 4 are inserted into the hard bank protection slope 320 cm, and the gap between the frame and the hard bank protection slope 3 is filled tightly with modified epoxy resin anchor glue.

[0032] A plurality of through holes are evenly provided on the reinforced concrete connecting beam 6, and pipe piles 7 are inserted into the through holes. The pipe piles 7 are inserted into the riverbed to stabilize and fix the embankment.

[0033] A PVC drainage pipe 12 is also provided on the reinforced square concrete frame 5 to connect the embankment top concrete road surface 1 and the river channel, which can drain the accumulated water on the embankment top concrete road surface 1 and prevent the grass carpet on the reinforced square concrete frame 5 from being eroded.

[0034] BSC bio-matrix concrete is prepared by mechanical mixing of stone, p.o42.5 cement, BSC additive 8.0 kg / m3, and water. The layer height ratio of BSC bio-mechanical concrete 8 to planting soil 9 is 1:2.5.

[0035] A restoration method for the above-mentioned river channel hardened slope protection in-situ ecological restoration system is also provided, and the steps are as follows:

[0036] S1: Ecological transformation of hard bank slope 3;

[0037] S1.1: Lay reinforced square concrete frames 5 on the hard revetment slope 3 and bury threaded steel anchor rods 4;

[0038] S1.2: Extend the reinforced concrete square frame 5 to the riverbank and lay reinforced concrete connecting beams 6 and pipe piles 7;

[0039] S1.3: Lay drainage pipes 12 above each row of reinforced square concrete frames 5;

[0040] S1.4: Fill the reinforced square concrete frame 5 with BSC bio-mechanical concrete 8 and backfill with planting soil 9, and then plant a grass blanket on the planting soil 9;

[0041] S2: A material exchange space between the river channel and the land is laid out at the bottom of the hard bank protection slope 3.

[0042] S2.1: Lay an "I"-shaped frame on the water-facing side of the reinforced concrete connecting beam 6. The square frame outside the "I"-shaped frame is connected and fixed to the reinforced concrete connecting beam 6 with reinforced concrete beams;

[0043] S2.2: Arrange stone return steps 11 inside the "X"-shaped frame;

[0044] S2.3: Backfill the return steps 11 with planting soil 9, and then plant water-tolerant terrestrial plants, water-stagnant plants, floating-leaf plants, and submerged plants in sequence from the highest step to the lower steps.

[0045] On the basis of not destroying the original hard bank protection slope 3, a reinforced square concrete frame 5 is laid on the hard bank protection slope 3, and BSC biological mechanism concrete 8 and planting soil 9 are laid in sequence from bottom to top in the reinforced square concrete frame 5, and a grass mat is planted on the planting soil 9; at the same time, a reinforced concrete connecting beam 6 is provided at the bottom of the reinforced concrete square concrete frame 5, and a "J"-shaped concrete grid 10 is provided along the reinforced concrete connecting beam 6 close to the river channel, and a return flow ladder 11 is provided inside the "J"-shaped concrete grid 10, and plants are planted in sequence from the highest ladder to the lower ladder on the return flow ladder 11. On the basis of continuing the flood control safety of the original hard bank protection, the stability of the river bank is strengthened and soil erosion is prevented. At the same time, a suitable living habitat is created for aquatic plants, aquatic animals (fish, shrimp, snails, shellfish, benthic and planktonic organisms, etc.), waterfowl, amphibians, etc., and conditions are provided for the exchange of matter, energy and information between the river channel and the terrestrial ecosystem, thereby improving the overall restoration capacity of the ecosystem.

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the content of this specification.

Claims

1. A river channel hardened slope protection in-situ ecological restoration system, comprising a levee top concrete pavement (1), a levee top wave-breaking wall (2) arranged at the edge of the levee top concrete pavement (1), and a hard bank protection slope (3) covering the bank slope, characterized in that: A reinforced square concrete frame (5) is laid on the hard bank protection slope (3), and BSC biological mechanism concrete (8) and planting soil (9) are laid in sequence from bottom to top in the reinforced square concrete frame (5), and a grass carpet is planted on the planting soil (9); a reinforced concrete connecting beam (6) is further provided at the bottom of the reinforced square concrete frame (5), and a "J"-shaped concrete grid (10) is provided along the reinforced concrete connecting beam (6) near the river channel side, and a return flow ladder (11) is provided inside the "J"-shaped concrete grid (10), and plants are planted in sequence from the highest ladder to the lower ladder on the return flow ladder (11).

2. The in-situ ecological restoration system for river channel hardening slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reinforced square concrete frame (5) is fixed on the top of the hard bank protection slope (3) through a threaded steel anchor rod (4), and the gap between the threaded steel anchor rod (4) and the hard bank protection slope (3) is filled tightly with modified epoxy resin anchor glue.

3. The in-situ ecological restoration system for river channel hardening slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of through holes are evenly arranged on the reinforced concrete connecting beam (6), pipe piles (7) are inserted into the through holes, and the pipe piles (7) are inserted into the riverbed.

4. The in-situ ecological restoration system for river channel hardening slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The angles between the return steps (11) and the left and right side walls inside the "J"-shaped concrete grid (10) are set to be acute angles, and the reinforced concrete connecting beam (6) is consolidated with the "J"-shaped concrete grid (10) and the reinforced square concrete frame (5).

5. The in-situ ecological restoration system for river channel hardening slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reinforced square concrete frame (5) is also provided with a drainage pipe (12) for connecting the concrete pavement (1) on the top of the embankment with the river channel.

6. The restoration method of the in-situ ecological restoration system for river channel hardened slope protection according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: S1: Ecological transformation of the hard bank slope (3); S1.1: Lay reinforced square concrete frames (5) on the hard bank slope (3) and bury threaded steel anchor rods (4); S1.2: Extend the reinforced square concrete frame (5) to the riverbank and lay reinforced concrete connecting beams (6) and pipe piles (7); S1.3: Lay drainage pipes (12) above each row of reinforced square concrete frames (5); S1.4: Fill the reinforced square concrete frame (5) with BSC bio-mechanical concrete (8) and backfill with planting soil (9), and then plant a grass blanket on the planting soil (9); S2: A material exchange space between the river channel and the land is laid out at the bottom of the hard bank slope (3). S2.1: Lay an "I"-shaped frame on the water-facing side of the reinforced concrete connecting beam (6), and connect and fix the square frame outside the "I"-shaped frame with the reinforced concrete connecting beam (6) using a reinforced concrete beam; S2.2: Arrange stone return steps (11) on the inner side of the "X"-shaped frame; S2.3: Backfill the planting soil (9) on the return step (11), and then plant water-tolerant terrestrial plants, emergent plants, floating-leaf plants, and submerged plants in order from the highest step to the lower steps.

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