Test system and method beneficial to increasing calorific value by blending combustion of biomass furfural residues

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coupling blending combustion of a thermal power plant, and discloses a test system and method beneficial to increasing the calorific value of blending combustion biomass furfural residues, raw material pretreatment, pyrolytic reaction and combustion test are highly integrated, and a whole process of pretreatment-pyrolysis-combustion is constructed. The method systematically focuses on exploration and verification of a critical path for increasing the blending combustion heat value of the biomass furfural residues by using a pyrolysis means. Through the design of the pyrolysis reaction unit, the conversion efficiency of biomass organic components in the pyrolysis process is fully utilized, and the combustion heat value potential of a solid product is effectively improved. The combustion test unit provided with an air distribution device can finely regulate and control aerodynamic parameters of different pyrolysis products in the combustion process, so that the optimal working condition capable of releasing the pyrolysis fuel heat value to the maximum extent and optimizing the combustion efficiency is explored and verified. The intelligent control unit dynamically and automatically adjusts operation parameters according to preset logic or a learning model by monitoring key parameters such as the temperature, the pressure, the flow and the components of all links in the system in real time, and a closed-loop optimization mechanism is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coupled co-firing in thermal power plants, and specifically relates to a test system and method for improving the calorific value of co-firing biomass furfural slag. Background Art

[0002] Furfural residue is an industrial residue composed of cellulose and lignin, obtained by extracting furfural from biomass materials such as corncobs and removing the hemicellulose. It is acidic (pH approximately 2-3) and rich in combustible, high-calorific-value components such as carbon and hydrogen. When used as boiler fuel, it generates up to 3000 kCal / kg. In recent years, thermal power plants have leveraged the technology of co-firing biomass furfural residue in fluidized-bed boilers, enabling large-scale and cost-effective utilization of furfural residue. However, this technology presents numerous challenges. Its high moisture content and acidic, corrosive properties can cause bed temperature fluctuations, adversely affecting the denitrification system. Furthermore, the high alkali metal content in furfural residue results in a low ash melting point and severe caking issues.

[0003] Currently, furfural residue is only simply dried before use. However, this method reduces the calorific value of the furfural residue and makes it less effective for co-firing. For example, during the drying process, high temperatures can cause volatile organic compounds (such as light hydrocarbons) in the furfural residue to volatilize. These substances typically have a high calorific value, which leads to a decrease in the overall calorific value. During drying, the furfural residue may also undergo an oxidation reaction with oxygen in the air, producing oxides with lower calorific values, such as carbon dioxide and water. Water evaporation removes some heat, resulting in a decrease in the calorific value per unit mass of the material. High temperatures can cause the thermal decomposition of certain organic components in the furfural residue, producing products with lower calorific values. The partial conversion of organic matter to ash, which has a low calorific value, also reduces the overall calorific value. In addition, factors such as improper drying conditions, changes in material properties, sample inhomogeneity, or inaccurate measurement equipment can affect the calorific value of the furfural residue.

[0004] CN103551362A discloses a new process for the comprehensive utilization of agricultural residues. This process first hydrolyzes agricultural residues with acid to produce aldehyde vapor and furfural residue. The furfural residue is filtered and dried, then neutralized with fly ash. After neutralization, the residue is pelletized to produce biomass fuel. The biomass fuel is burned for biomass power generation, while the solid waste generated after combustion is reused as a raw material for organic fertilizer. While this method utilizes the furfural residue, it still suffers from high energy consumption during the pretreatment of the furfural residue.

[0005] CN108530404A discloses a method for depolymerizing biomass to co-produce furfural, cellulose, and lignin. This method involves catalyzing the depolymerization and separation of biomass in a mixed solvent of water and acetone, using phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid in a single step. This method effectively reduces the reaction temperature and time for furfural production, achieving energy conservation and emission reduction, and significantly lowering the production cost of furfural products. However, this method still faces challenges in optimizing reaction conditions to further improve furfural yield and lignin and cellulose separation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a test system and method for improving the calorific value of furfural residue by co-firing biomass, which solves the problems of reduced calorific value, high moisture content and high alkali metal content of furfural residue during drying.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A test system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing, comprising a raw material pretreatment unit, a pyrolysis reaction unit, and a combustion test unit; The raw material pretreatment unit is used to receive the biomass furfural residue raw material and perform pretreatment operations; The pyrolysis reaction unit is connected to the raw material pretreatment unit and is used to perform a pyrolysis reaction on the pretreated furfural residue; The combustion test unit is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit and is used to perform a combustion test on the pyrolysis product and adjust the combustion parameters to achieve a calorific value increase. The combustion test unit includes a combustion chamber and an air distribution device; The system also includes an intelligent control unit for real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of operating parameters to optimize calorific value output.

[0008] Preferably, the raw material pretreatment unit includes a multi-stage drying device and a conditioning device; The multi-stage drying device is used to perform low-temperature segmented drying on furfural residue, and includes a first segment drying zone and a second segment drying zone arranged in sequence; The multi-stage drying device is fed with protective nitrogen during the drying process; The conditioning equipment is used to add an alkaline regulator to the furfural residue and stir it to neutralize the acidity, thereby adjusting the pH value of the furfural residue to 6-7.

[0009] Preferably, the temperature of the first drying zone is controlled at 50-60°C to remove moisture from the surface of the furfural residue; The temperature of the second drying zone is controlled at 70-80°C to reduce the moisture content in the furfural residue.

[0010] Preferably, the alkaline regulator is calcium hydroxide.

[0011] Preferably, the pyrolysis reaction unit adopts a rotary pyrolysis furnace; The rotary pyrolysis furnace is provided with spiral propulsion blades for causing the furfural residue to advance in a spiral shape in the furnace; The pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a temperature zoning control system, which divides the furnace body into a preheating zone, a pyrolysis zone and a carbonization zone.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature control ranges of the preheating zone, pyrolysis zone and carbonization zone are respectively: Preheating zone, temperature controlled at 200-250℃; Pyrolysis zone, temperature controlled at 400-500℃; In the carbonization zone, the temperature is controlled at 600-700℃.

[0013] Preferably, the pyrolysis reaction unit adopts a pulse heating method.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the combustion chamber is coated with a ceramic coating, and the air distribution device is provided with three levels of wind speed for adjusting the air volume and wind speed of the primary air, secondary air and tertiary air.

[0015] Preferably, the intelligent control unit includes a plurality of sensors; the sensors are used to monitor in real time at least one of the following parameters: furfural residue moisture content, furfural residue temperature, furfural residue pH value, pyrolysis process temperature, pyrolysis process pressure, pyrolysis product gas composition and pyrolysis layer accumulation thickness; The intelligent control unit also automatically adjusts air distribution parameters and temperature parameters based on a preset calorific value target using a data analysis algorithm.

[0016] A method for increasing the calorific value of biomass furfural residue by co-firing, comprising the following steps: The biomass furfural residue raw material is transported to the raw material pretreatment unit for staged drying. Protective nitrogen is introduced during the drying process, and then an alkaline regulator is added for neutralization and stirred evenly to adjust the pH value to 6-7; The pretreated furfural residue is fed into a pyrolysis reaction unit, where it undergoes gradient pyrolysis and adopts a pulsed heating method to avoid local overheating. The pyrolysis products are sent to the combustion test unit, and the air volume and wind speed are adjusted through the air distribution device to ignite the pyrolysis products for combustion. At the same time, the intelligent control unit monitors the parameters in real time and automatically adjusts the operating parameters to maximize the calorific value.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a test system and method that is beneficial to improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-combustion, highly integrates raw material pretreatment, pyrolysis reaction and combustion test, constructs the whole process of "pretreatment-pyrolysis-combustion", and systematically focuses on exploring and verifying the key path of using pyrolysis to improve the calorific value of biomass furfural slag co-combustion. Through the design of the pyrolysis reaction unit, the conversion efficiency of the pyrolysis process on the organic components of biomass is fully utilized, and the combustion calorific value potential of the solid product is effectively improved. The combustion test unit equipped with an air distribution device can finely control the aerodynamic parameters of different pyrolysis products during the combustion process, so as to explore and verify the optimal operating conditions that can maximize the release of the calorific value of the pyrolysis fuel and optimize the combustion efficiency. The intelligent control unit monitors the key parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow, composition, etc. of each link in the system in real time, and dynamically and automatically adjusts the operating parameters according to the preset logic or learning model to form a closed-loop optimization mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an experimental system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing; In the figure, 1-raw material pretreatment unit, 2-pyrolysis reaction unit, 3-combustion test unit, 4-biomass furfural slag raw material, 5-drying device, 6-low temperature segmented drying first section, 7-low temperature segmented drying second section, 8-nitrogen, 9-conditioning device, 10-stirring structure, 11-alkaline regulator, 12-rotary pyrolysis furnace, 13-spiral propulsion blade, 14-temperature zoning control system, 15-preheating zone, 16-pyrolysis zone, 17-carbonization zone, 18-combustion chamber, 19-ceramic coating, 20-air distribution device, 21-primary air, 22-secondary air, 23-tertiary air, 24-sensor, 25-furfural slag moisture content, 26-furfural slag temperature, 27-furfural slag pH value, 28-pyrolysis process temperature, 29-pyrolysis process pressure, 30-pyrolysis product gas composition, 31-preset calorific value, 32-pulse heating method, 33-pyrolysis product high calorific value components, 34-pyrolysis layer accumulation thickness, 35-intelligent control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a test system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing, comprising a raw material pretreatment unit 1, a pyrolysis reaction unit 2 and a combustion test unit 3; The raw material pretreatment unit 1 is used to receive the biomass furfural residue raw material 4 and perform pretreatment operations; The pyrolysis reaction unit 2 is connected to the raw material pretreatment unit 1 and is used to perform a pyrolysis reaction on the pretreated furfural residue; The combustion test unit 3 is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit 2 and is used to perform a combustion test on the pyrolysis product and adjust the combustion parameters to achieve a calorific value increase. The combustion test unit 3 includes a combustion chamber 18 and an air distribution device 20; The system further includes an intelligent control unit 35 for real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of operating parameters to optimize calorific value output.

[0024] The raw material pretreatment unit 1 includes a multi-stage classification drying device 5 and a tempering device; The multi-stage drying device 5 is used to perform low-temperature segmented drying on the furfural residue, including a first drying zone and a second drying zone arranged in sequence; The multi-stage drying device 5 is fed with protective nitrogen 8 during the drying process; The conditioning equipment is used to add an alkaline regulator 11 to the furfural residue and stir it to neutralize the acidity, thereby adjusting the pH value of the furfural residue to 6-7.

[0025] The temperature of the first drying zone is controlled at 50-60°C to remove moisture from the surface of the furfural residue; The temperature of the second drying zone is controlled at 70-80°C to reduce the moisture content in the furfural residue.

[0026] The alkaline regulator 11 is calcium hydroxide.

[0027] The pyrolysis reaction unit 2 adopts a rotary pyrolysis furnace 12; The rotary pyrolysis furnace 12 is provided with spiral propulsion blades 13 for causing the furfural residue to advance in a spiral shape in the furnace; The pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a temperature zoning control system, which divides the furnace body into a preheating zone 15, a pyrolysis zone 16 and a carbonization zone 17.

[0028] The temperature control ranges of the preheating zone 15, the pyrolysis zone 16 and the carbonization zone 17 are respectively: Preheating zone 15, temperature controlled at 200-250°C; Pyrolysis zone 16, temperature controlled at 400-500°C; The temperature of the carbonization zone 17 is controlled at 600-700°C.

[0029] The pyrolysis reaction unit 2 adopts a pulse heating method The inner wall of the combustion chamber 18 is coated with a ceramic coating 19 , and the air distribution device 20 is provided with three levels of wind speed for adjusting the air volume and wind speed of the primary air 21 , the secondary air 22 , and the tertiary air 23 .

[0030] The intelligent control unit 35 includes a plurality of sensors 24; the sensors 24 are used to monitor at least one of the following parameters in real time: furfural slag moisture content 25, furfural slag temperature 26, furfural slag pH value, pyrolysis process temperature, pyrolysis process pressure, pyrolysis product gas composition, and pyrolysis layer accumulation thickness; The intelligent control unit 35 also automatically adjusts the air distribution parameters and temperature parameters based on the preset calorific value target using a data analysis algorithm.

[0031] A method for increasing the calorific value of biomass furfural residue by co-firing, comprising the following steps: The biomass furfural residue raw material 4 is transported to the raw material pretreatment unit 1 for staged drying. During the drying process, protective nitrogen gas 8 is introduced, and then an alkaline regulator 11 is added for neutralization treatment. The mixture is stirred evenly to adjust the pH value to 6-7. The pretreated furfural residue is fed into the pyrolysis reaction unit 2, where it is subjected to gradient pyrolysis and pulse heating is used to avoid local overheating. The pyrolysis products are sent to the combustion test unit 3, and the air volume and wind speed are adjusted by the air distribution device 20 to ignite the pyrolysis products for combustion. At the same time, the intelligent control unit 35 monitors the parameters in real time and automatically adjusts the operating parameters to maximize the calorific value.

[0032] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a test system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing, comprising a raw material pretreatment unit 1, a pyrolysis reaction unit 2, and a combustion test unit 3; The raw material pretreatment is as follows: the collected furfural residue is transported to the raw material pretreatment unit 1, first enters the multi-stage drying device 5 for low-temperature segmented drying, and after reaching the target moisture content, is sent to the tempering equipment, and an appropriate amount of calcium hydroxide is added for neutralization treatment, and stirred evenly for use.

[0033] It is necessary to set up temperature control and online monitoring of moisture content of the drying equipment.

[0034] The pyrolysis reaction unit 2: The pretreated furfural residue is fed into the rotary pyrolysis furnace 12, the temperatures of the preheating zone 15, the pyrolysis zone 16, and the carbonization zone 17 are set, and the pyrolysis furnace is started. The furfural residue passes through each zone in turn under the action of the spiral propulsion blades 13 to undergo pyrolysis reaction, and the gas and solid products generated by the pyrolysis are collected separately.

[0035] Control the rotation speed of the pyrolysis furnace, etc.

[0036] The combustion test unit 3 feeds the pyrolysis products into the combustion test unit 3. Based on the characteristics of the pyrolysis products, the adjustable graded air distribution device 20 adjusts the volume and speed of the primary air 21, secondary air 22, and tertiary air 23, igniting the pyrolysis products for a combustion test. Simultaneously, an intelligent control unit 35 monitors various parameters during the combustion process in real time and automatically adjusts parameters such as air distribution and temperature based on the monitoring data to ensure a stable combustion process and maximize calorific value.

[0037] The air volume adjustment function of the air distribution device 20.

[0038] Data monitoring and analysis: Throughout the test, sensors 24 collect data such as moisture content, temperature, pressure, and gas composition in real time and transmit them to the intelligent control unit 35. After the test, the collected data is analyzed to evaluate the test results and provide a basis for subsequent optimization.

[0039] The raw material pretreatment unit 1 for biomass furfural residue 4 utilizes a multi-stage drying device 5 and a conditioning device 9, employing low-temperature, staged drying technology. The first drying stage 6 is controlled at a temperature of 50-60°C to remove most surface moisture. The second drying stage 7 is raised to 70-80°C to further reduce internal moisture. During the drying process, protective nitrogen gas 8 is introduced to reduce oxygen exposure and oxidation. The conditioning equipment is equipped with a stirring mechanism 10. By adding an alkaline regulator 11, such as calcium hydroxide, the acidity of the furfural residue is neutralized, adjusting the pH to 6-7 and reducing acidic corrosion.

[0040] The pyrolysis reaction unit 2 uses a rotary pyrolysis furnace 12, and a spiral propulsion blade 13 is installed inside the furnace body to make the furfural slag advance in a spiral shape in the furnace, increasing the pyrolysis time and reaction area. The pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a precise temperature zoning control system 14, which can divide the furnace body into a preheating zone 15, a pyrolysis zone 16, and a carbonization zone 17, respectively controlling the temperature at 200-250°C, 400-500°C, and 600-700°C, to achieve gradient pyrolysis of the furfural slag. During the pyrolysis stage, a pulse heating method 32 is adopted, that is, heating is stopped after a period of heating, allowing the furfural slag to continue to react under the residual heat. This cycle avoids local overheating that leads to excessive decomposition of organic components and improves the retention rate of high calorific value components.

[0041] The combustion chamber 18 of the combustion test unit 3 is coated with a high-temperature, corrosion-resistant ceramic coating 19 to reduce corrosion from acidic substances and high-temperature ash. An adjustable graded air distribution device 20 is installed to precisely control the volume and speed of primary air 21, secondary air 22, and tertiary air 23 based on the characteristics of the pyrolysis products, optimizing the combustion rate and gasification equivalent.

[0042] The intelligent control unit 35 uses sensors 24 to monitor, in real time, parameters such as the moisture content 25, temperature 26, and composition 27 of the furfural residue, as well as various indicators of the pyrolysis products and the combustion process, including combustion process temperature 28, combustion process pressure 29, pyrolysis layer accumulation thickness 34, pyrolysis product gas composition 30, and high calorific value components 33 of the pyrolysis products. Leveraging big data analysis and machine learning algorithms, the system automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the test system based on a preset calorific value 31 improvement target, achieving intelligent control of the test process.

[0043] Through the deployment of the experimental system, the combustion rate, gasification equivalent, moisture content, pyrolysis layer accumulation thickness, etc. of the fuel are optimized, so that the high calorific value components of lignin in the furfural residue can be optimally utilized under the re-combustion conditions, thereby maximizing the calorific value of the furfural residue combustion.

[0044] The present invention provides a test system and method for enhancing the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing. The system includes a raw material pretreatment unit 1, a pyrolysis reaction unit 2, a combustion test unit 3, and an intelligent control unit 35. A multi-stage drying unit protected by nitrogen 8 further reduces the moisture content of the biomass furfural slag raw material 4, effectively preventing oxidation reactions.

[0045] An alkaline regulator 11 is added to the tempering equipment to neutralize the acidity of the furfural slag, effectively reducing acid corrosion. The spiral propulsion blades 13 of the rotary pyrolysis furnace 12 are used to make the furfural slag advance in a spiral shape in the furnace, increasing the pyrolysis time and reaction area. The temperature zoning control system of the pyrolysis furnace realizes the gradient pyrolysis of the furfural slag. The pulse heating method can avoid local overheating and excessive decomposition of organic components, thereby improving the retention rate of high calorific value components. The inner wall of the combustion chamber 18 is coated with a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant ceramic coating 19 to reduce the corrosion of acidic substances and high-temperature ash. According to the characteristics of the pyrolysis products, the adjustable graded air distribution device 20 accurately controls the air volume and wind speed to optimize the combustion rate and gasification equivalent. According to the preset calorific value, the intelligent control unit 35 automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the test system to realize intelligent regulation of the test process.

[0046] The system of the present invention improves the technology and method: 1. Improved technical performance. The combustion calorific value of furfural slag is increased by over 30% compared to traditional simple drying methods, effectively resolving the issue of reduced calorific value found in existing technologies. By neutralizing acidity and optimizing combustion conditions, the system reduces bed temperature fluctuations from ±50°C to ±15°C, improving fluidized bed boiler operation stability. Furthermore, it mitigates acid corrosion and adhesion issues, extending the equipment's service life by 2-3 years.

[0047] 2. Significant economic benefits have been achieved. The utilization efficiency of furfural residue has been improved, reducing the thermal power plant's reliance on traditional fossil fuels, with an estimated annual fuel cost savings of approximately 5 million yuan. Equipment maintenance and replacement frequency has also been reduced, saving approximately 800,000 yuan in equipment maintenance costs annually.

[0048] 3. Achieved significant social benefits. It promoted the efficient resource utilization of furfural residue, a biomass waste, reduced environmental pollution caused by furfural residue accumulation, and promoted the green, low-carbon development of thermal power plants. It also provided a technical reference for the coupled co-firing of biomass in thermal power plants, contributing to energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0049] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments and application fields. The above-mentioned specific embodiments are merely illustrative and instructive, and are not restrictive. A person skilled in the art, guided by the description, may devise various forms without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test system for increasing the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing, characterized in that: It includes a raw material pretreatment unit (1), a pyrolysis reaction unit (2) and a combustion test unit (3); The raw material pretreatment unit (1) is used to receive the biomass furfural residue raw material (4) and perform pretreatment operations; The pyrolysis reaction unit (2) is connected to the raw material pretreatment unit (1) and is used to perform a pyrolysis reaction on the pretreated furfural residue; The combustion test unit (3) is connected to the pyrolysis reaction unit (2) and is used to perform a combustion test on the pyrolysis product and adjust the combustion parameters to achieve a calorific value increase. The combustion test unit (3) includes a combustion chamber (18) and an air distribution device (20); The system further comprises an intelligent control unit (35) for real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of operating parameters to optimize calorific value output.

2. The test system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material pretreatment unit (1) includes a multi-stage classification drying device (5) and a conditioning device; The multi-stage drying device (5) is used for performing low-temperature segmented drying on furfural residue, and comprises a first segment drying zone and a second segment drying zone arranged in sequence; The multi-stage drying device (5) is fed with protective nitrogen (8) during the drying process; The conditioning equipment is used to add an alkaline regulator to the furfural residue and stir it to neutralize the acidity, thereby adjusting the pH value of the furfural residue to 6-7.

3. The test system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the first drying zone is controlled at 50-60°C to remove moisture from the surface of the furfural residue; The temperature of the second drying zone is controlled at 70-80°C to reduce the moisture content in the furfural residue.

4. The test system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alkaline regulator is calcium hydroxide.

5. The test system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis reaction unit (2) adopts a rotary pyrolysis furnace (12); The rotary pyrolysis furnace (12) is provided with spiral propulsion blades (13) for causing the furfural residue to advance in a spiral shape in the furnace; The pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a temperature zoning control system, which divides the furnace body into a preheating zone (15), a pyrolysis zone (16) and a carbonization zone (17).

6. The test system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature control ranges of the preheating zone (15), pyrolysis zone (16) and carbonization zone (17) are respectively: Preheating zone (15), temperature controlled at 200-250°C; Pyrolysis zone (16), temperature controlled at 400-500°C; The temperature of the carbonization zone (17) is controlled at 600-700°C.

7. The test system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis reaction unit (2) adopts a pulse heating method.

8. The test system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the combustion chamber (18) is coated with a ceramic coating (19), and the air distribution device (20) is provided with three levels of wind speed for adjusting the air volume and wind speed of the primary air (21), the secondary air (22), and the tertiary air (23).

9. The test system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control unit (35) includes a plurality of sensors (24); the sensors (24) are used to monitor in real time at least one of the following parameters: furfural residue moisture content, furfural residue temperature, furfural residue pH value, pyrolysis process temperature, pyrolysis process pressure, pyrolysis product gas composition, and pyrolysis layer accumulation thickness; The intelligent control unit (35) automatically adjusts air distribution parameters and temperature parameters based on a preset calorific value target using a data analysis algorithm.

10. A method for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing, based on the experimental system for improving the calorific value of biomass furfural slag by co-firing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The biomass furfural residue raw material (4) is transported to the raw material pretreatment unit (1) for segmented drying, and protective nitrogen (8) is introduced during the drying process, followed by adding an alkaline regulator for neutralization treatment, and stirring uniformly to adjust the pH value to 6-7; The pretreated furfural residue is fed into a pyrolysis reaction unit (2), where gradient pyrolysis is performed, and a pulse heating method is used to avoid local overheating; The pyrolysis products are fed into the combustion test unit (3), and the air volume and wind speed are adjusted by the air distribution device (20), and the pyrolysis products are ignited for combustion. At the same time, the parameters are monitored in real time and the operating parameters are automatically adjusted by the intelligent control unit (35) to maximize the calorific value.

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