Combined artificial coral reef body suitable for coral reef secondary marine ecosystem sandy base

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined artificial coral reef body suitable for a sandy base of a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem, belongs to the technical field of coral reef ecosystem restoration, and is widely applied to coral reef building and restoration of the sandy base. The artificial coral reef body is formed by combining three cylindrical single bodies of the same structure, the single bodies are connected in a matched mode through mortise and tenon joint structures, and a triangular pyramid shape is formed after the single bodies are combined. The cylindrical single bodies are formed by pouring reinforced concrete, the surfaces of the cylindrical single bodies are rough, and the planting platform is provided with a plurality of holes so that coral, algae and other organisms can be attached conveniently. Through the structural stability of the triangular pyramid shape, the firmness of mortise and tenon connection and the supporting effect of a reinforced concrete material, the strong stability characteristic on a sandy substrate is achieved, meanwhile, the biological attachment area is increased through the rough surface and pore design, the artificial coral reef foundation construction method is optimized, and the construction efficiency is improved. The method has a good application prospect in coral reef ecological protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecosystem restoration, and in particular to a combined artificial coral reef body with a sandy substrate suitable for a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem. Background Art

[0002] Coral reefs are ecological structures formed in tropical and subtropical oceans by the long-term accumulation of the skeletons of corals and other reef-building organisms. Together with the biological communities that inhabit them, they form the coral reef ecosystem. This ecosystem, along with mangrove ecosystems and seagrass bed ecosystems, is known as one of the three major marine ecosystems and is one of the most biodiverse ecosystems in the world, with extremely high primary productivity. Through the growth of reef-building corals and other reef-building organisms, coral reefs form complex three-dimensional structures with numerous gaps that provide habitats for a variety of marine life. Coral reefs also play an important ecological role in the stability of the global marine environment and the sustainable development of human society, providing coastal protection, environmental improvement, and the provision of seafood, medicinal resources, and raw materials for construction and industry.

[0003] With the advancement of my country's modernization process, marine operations have increased, causing a series of ecological and environmental problems such as marine environmental pollution, deterioration of seawater quality and frequent marine disasters. The above problems have accelerated the degradation of typical coral reef ecosystems and even caused large-scale coral bleaching and death. Therefore, the protection of coral reef ecosystems and habitat restoration have become technical issues that need to be solved urgently. Due to the long growth cycle and slow growth rate of natural corals, artificial intervention has become a key means to accelerate the restoration of coral reef ecosystems. At present, the existing coral reef restoration methods mainly include larval breeding, coral fragment cultivation, bottom seeding and transplantation, and the construction and deployment of artificial reefs. Among them, the construction and deployment of artificial reef bases is one of the most widely used mainstream restoration methods. It aims to make up for the defects of the long natural growth cycle through artificial means and promote the recovery of coral reefs.

[0004] However, with the implementation of marine projects such as land reclamation and cross-sea bridges, the surface area of ​​the sandy seabed has increased significantly. Due to the softness and weak bearing capacity of sandy substrates, existing artificial reefs on such substrates are prone to instability and collapse, limiting their effectiveness. Therefore, developing technical solutions that can improve the suitability of artificial coral reefs for sandy substrates is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular artificial coral reef body suitable for the sandy substrate of the coral reef secondary marine ecosystem, so as to solve the problem of soft sandy substrate and easy collapse of the reef base in the artificial intervention and restoration process of the existing coral reef ecosystem, and at the same time solve the inconvenience of carrying and installing the existing reef body, thereby providing a new artificial coral reef base suitable for sandy substrate and easy to transport and install.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A combined artificial coral reef body suitable for a sandy substrate of a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem, comprising

[0008] Three cylindrical monomers with the same structure, each of which is integrally formed by four parts: a tenon, a mortise and tenon structure groove, a planting platform and a prism body; the planting platform is protruding from the middle of the prism body, and the tenon and mortise and tenon structure grooves are arranged at the end of the prism body to serve as the supporting basis of the monomer; the tenon fits in with the mortise and tenon structure grooves of adjacent cylindrical monomers to achieve positioning connection between the monomers; the three cylindrical monomers are combined through the above-mentioned mortise and tenon structure to form a hollow integral reef body in the shape of a triangular pyramid.

[0009] In one possible embodiment, the tenon is a protruding structure protruding from one end of the prism body, and the mortise and tenon structure groove is a recessed structure opened at one end of the prism body. The outer dimensions of the tenon match the inner dimensions of the mortise and tenon structure groove to ensure that the two fit tightly.

[0010] In a possible embodiment, the inner wall of the mortise and tenon structure groove is provided with reserved holes. After the three columnar units are combined with the tenon and the groove, nails can be driven into the reserved holes to strengthen the connection between the tenon and the groove.

[0011] In a possible embodiment, the planting platform is a rough and protruding inoculation plane with a surface covered with through pores. The pore diameter is adapted to the attachment and growth requirements of corals and algae, and the protruding height of the planting platform is higher than the surface of the prism body.

[0012] In a possible embodiment, the prism body is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with a height of 100 cm, a length and a width of 20 cm, an interior of which is a solid support structure formed by a steel skeleton and concrete casting, and an exterior surface is roughened.

[0013] In a possible embodiment, the positions of the tenon and the mortise and tenon structure grooves are correspondingly arranged at the same height position of the prism body, ensuring that the three columnar monomers form a symmetrical triangular pyramid structure after being combined.

[0014] In a possible embodiment, the planar area of ​​the planting platform is not less than 1 / 2 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the prism body, and the planting platforms of the three columnar units remain parallel to the surface of the sandy substrate after being assembled.

[0015] In a possible embodiment, the connection between the outer wall of the prism body and the planting platform adopts an arc transition structure to reduce resistance during water impact.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] ① Three columnar units are combined into a triangular pyramid through a mortise and tenon structure. The geometric stability of the triangular pyramid can effectively disperse the pressure on the sandy substrate. Combined with the fit between the groove and the tenon of the mortise and tenon structure and the reinforcement method of driving nails into the concave part, the overall structural stability of the reef on the soft sandy substrate is improved, reducing the risk of collapse caused by soft substrate.

[0018] ② The columnar units can be freely disassembled and assembled through the mortise and tenon structure, making the reef easier to carry during transportation. During on-site installation, the assembly can be completed by simply fitting the mortise and tenon joints and reinforcing them with nails. This solves the problem of the inconvenience of carrying and installing traditional reefs and improves the convenience of coral reef restoration operations on sandy substrates.

[0019] ③ The columnar units are cast in reinforced concrete, a material that is stable and non-toxic to the marine environment. This provides a solid support for the reef to meet the load-bearing requirements of the sandy substrate while avoiding the damage to the ecological environment caused by materials such as plastic.

[0020] ④ The pore structure of the planting platform and the hollow design of the triangular pyramid reef body ensure smooth water flow to reduce scouring force, while providing ample attachment space for corals, algae and other organisms, which helps to increase the coverage rate of sandy base coral reefs and enhance the ecological restoration effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a stereoscopic diagram of a modular artificial coral reef body with a sandy substrate suitable for a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Various views of a modular artificial coral reef body unit suitable for a sandy substrate of a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a monomer structure of a modular artificial coral reef body on a sandy substrate suitable for a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a solid diagram of a combined artificial coral reef body with a sandy substrate suitable for a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the attached figure: 1. Overall reef body; 11. Tenon; 12. Mortise and tenon structure groove; 13. Planting platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] Example:

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise specifically defined. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified or defined, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly, meaning, for example, fixed, removable, or integral; mechanical or electrical; direct or indirect through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1This is a stereoscopic diagram of a modular artificial coral reef body with a sandy substrate suitable for a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Various views of a modular artificial coral reef body unit suitable for a sandy substrate of a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a monomer structure of a modular artificial coral reef body on a sandy substrate suitable for a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a solid diagram of a combined artificial coral reef body on a sandy substrate suitable for coral reef secondary marine ecosystems in an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment of the present invention provides a modular artificial coral reef body suitable for a sandy substrate of a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem, comprising

[0033] Three cylindrical monomers with the same structure, each of which is integrally formed by four parts: a tenon, a mortise and tenon structure groove, a planting platform and a prism body; the planting platform is protruding from the middle of the prism body, and the tenon and mortise and tenon structure grooves are arranged at the end of the prism body to serve as the supporting basis of the monomer; the tenon fits in with the mortise and tenon structure grooves of adjacent cylindrical monomers to achieve positioning connection between the monomers; the three cylindrical monomers are combined through the above-mentioned mortise and tenon structure to form a hollow integral reef body in the shape of a triangular pyramid.

[0034] In one embodiment, the tenon is a protruding structure protruding from one end of the prism body, and the mortise and tenon structure groove is a recessed structure opened at one end of the prism body. The outer dimensions of the tenon match the inner dimensions of the mortise and tenon structure groove to ensure that the two fit tightly.

[0035] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the groove of the mortise and tenon structure is provided with reserved holes. After the three columnar units are combined with the tenon and the groove, nails can be driven into the reserved holes to strengthen the connection between the tenon and the groove.

[0036] In one embodiment, the planting platform is a rough and protruding inoculation plane with a surface covered with through pores. The pore diameter is adapted to the attachment and growth requirements of corals and algae, and the protruding height of the planting platform is higher than the surface of the prism body.

[0037] In one embodiment, the prism body is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with a height of 100 cm and a length and width of 20 cm. The interior is a solid support structure formed by a steel skeleton and concrete pouring, and the external surface is roughened.

[0038] In one embodiment, the positions of the tenon and the mortise and tenon structure grooves are correspondingly arranged at the same height position of the prism body, ensuring that the three columnar monomers form a symmetrical triangular pyramid structure after being combined.

[0039] In one embodiment, the planar area of ​​the planting platform is not less than 1 / 2 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the prism body, and the planting platforms of the three columnar units remain parallel to the surface of the sandy substrate after being assembled.

[0040] In one embodiment, the connection between the outer wall of the prism body and the planting platform adopts an arc transition structure to reduce the resistance during water impact.

[0041] As a preferred example, this embodiment discloses a modular artificial coral reef structure suitable for sandy substrates in coral reef secondary marine ecosystems. Developed by the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, this structure is suitable for coral reef ecological restoration projects in sandy substrate waters. This modular artificial coral reef structure is composed of three identical cylindrical units that can be detachably assembled using a mortise and tenon joint structure. Each cylindrical unit is 100 cm tall, 20 cm long, and 20 cm wide, forming a rectangular prism. Each cylindrical unit is integrally formed and comprises four parts: a tenon, a mortise and tenon groove, a planting platform, and a prism body. Among them, the tenon is a raised structure protruding from one side of the prism body, and its shape is adapted to the mortise and tenon structure groove of the adjacent cylindrical monomer, which is used to realize the positioning connection between the monomers; the mortise and tenon structure groove is a recessed structure opened on one side of the prism body, and the inner size of the groove matches the outer size of the tenon to ensure that the two are tightly fitted; the planting platform is protruded in the middle position of the prism body, and the surface of the platform is roughened to form a protruding inoculation plane, and there are multiple through pores distributed on the platform, and the pore size is adapted to the attachment needs of organisms such as corals and algae; the prism body serves as the supporting base of the monomer, with a rectangular structure, containing a steel skeleton inside to enhance the structural strength, and the outer surface is roughened to improve the overall stability.

[0042] The assembly process of the three columnar units is as follows: through the corresponding tenons of each unit and the corresponding grooves of the mortise and tenon structure of the adjacent units, the three units are connected to each other to form an overall triangular pyramid reef. After the assembly is completed, nails are driven into the recessed parts of the mortise and tenon structure in multiple directions to further strengthen the connection and reduce the risk of the units loosening or disassembling due to factors such as water flow and waves. The assembled triangular pyramid reef is hollowed out. This hollowed-out state is formed by the assembly gaps of the mortise and tenon structure and the spatial layout of the three columnar units. The planting platforms of the three columnar units are all parallel to the surface of the sandy base, ensuring that corals, algae and other organisms on the planting platforms can attach and grow stably.

[0043] The cylindrical units are cast using reinforced concrete. The preparation process involves weighing cement, sand, gravel, and water in conventional proportions and evenly mixing them in a mixing device until the concrete mixture reaches a fluidized state. The concrete mixture is then poured into a pre-set unit-forming mold, which contains cavities corresponding to the tenons, mortise and tenon structure grooves, the planting platform, and the main prism. The mold also includes a positioning structure that matches the internal steel reinforcement of the prism. After the concrete is poured, it is naturally dried and subjected to standard curing until the concrete strength reaches the preset requirements. After demolding, the complete cylindrical unit is obtained. Once the three formed cylindrical units are assembled in this manner, they can be taken to the coral reef restoration area for deployment.

[0044] In the above structure, the geometric stability of the triangular pyramid combined with the firm connection of the mortise and tenon structure can effectively disperse the bearing pressure of the reef on the sandy substrate and enhance the reef's anti-overturning ability; the reinforced concrete material itself is stable and strong, and combined with the support of the internal steel skeleton, it provides a solid structural foundation for the reef, which is adapted to the bearing requirements of the sandy substrate; the rough surface and pore structure of the planting platform provide ample attachment space for organisms such as corals and algae, and the hollow structure further reduces the risk of displacement of the reef on the soft sandy substrate by reducing the impact of water flow on the reef, making it suitable for coral reef ecological restoration scenarios on sandy substrates.

[0045] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0046] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0048] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the essence of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular artificial coral reef structure suitable for a sandy substrate in a coral reef secondary marine ecosystem, characterized by: include Three cylindrical monomers with the same structure, each of which is integrally formed by four parts: a tenon, a mortise and tenon structure groove, a planting platform and a prism body; the planting platform is protruding from the middle of the prism body, and the tenon and mortise and tenon structure grooves are arranged at the end of the prism body to serve as the supporting basis of the monomer; the tenon fits in with the mortise and tenon structure grooves of adjacent cylindrical monomers to achieve positioning connection between the monomers; the three cylindrical monomers are combined through the above-mentioned mortise and tenon structure to form a hollow integral reef body in the shape of a triangular pyramid.

2. The combined artificial coral reef body suitable for the sandy substrate of the coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tenon is a protruding structure protruding from one end of the prism body, and the mortise and tenon structure groove is a recessed structure opened at one end of the prism body. The outer dimensions of the tenon match the inner dimensions of the mortise and tenon structure groove.

3. The combined artificial coral reef body with sandy substrate suitable for coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the groove of the mortise and tenon structure is provided with reserved holes. After the three columnar monomers are combined with the tenon and the groove, nails can be driven into the reserved holes to strengthen the connection between the tenon and the groove.

4. The combined artificial coral reef body with sandy substrate suitable for coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting platform is a rough and protruding inoculation plane with a surface covered with through pores. The pore diameters are adapted to the attachment and growth requirements of corals and algae, and the protruding height of the planting platform is higher than the surface of the prism body.

5. The assembled artificial coral reef body with sandy substrate suitable for coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prism body is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with a height of 100 cm and a length and width of 20 cm. The interior is a solid supporting structure formed by a steel frame and concrete pouring, and the external surface is roughened.

6. The assembled artificial coral reef body with sandy substrate suitable for coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positions of the tenon and the mortise and tenon structure grooves are correspondingly arranged at the same height position of the prism body, ensuring that the three columnar monomers form a symmetrical triangular pyramid structure after being combined.

7. The assembled artificial coral reef body with sandy substrate suitable for coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planar area of ​​the planting platform is not less than 1 / 2 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the prism body, and the planting platforms of the three columnar units remain parallel to the surface of the sandy base after being assembled.

8. The assembled artificial coral reef body with sandy substrate suitable for coral reef secondary marine ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the outer wall of the prism body and the planting platform adopts an arc transition structure to reduce resistance during water flow impact.

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