Fire extinguishing device for unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle fire extinguishing device, belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and aims to solve the problem of insufficient angle adjustment of an existing gravity bomb dropping technology. The device comprises a machine body, a throwing device is connected below the machine body through an angle adjusting device, and the angle adjusting device can flexibly adjust the angle of the throwing device. A launching opening is formed in one end of a shell of the throwing device, a bomb storage box is arranged at the top, a bomb inlet in the bottom of the shell is communicated with an inner cavity of the shell, and a bomb baffle in a mounting groove in the bottom of the inner cavity can slide to clamp fire extinguishing bombs initially. The electric sliding rail on the guide rail in the shell drives the push head to move, the electric sliding rail is in transmission connection with the bomb blocking plate through the linkage device, and when the electric sliding rail moves close to the launching opening, the linkage device drives the bomb blocking plate to move downwards to release the fire extinguishing bomb. Through double mechanisms of angle adjustment and linkage throwing, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be aligned with a fire source at a complex position, the fire extinguishing range is expanded, meanwhile, orderly and accurate launching of the fire extinguishing bombs is achieved, and safety and accuracy are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and in particular relates to a UAV fire extinguishing device. Background Art

[0002] In drone firefighting operations, the fire extinguishing principle of fire extinguishing bombs is mainly based on the three elements that destroy combustion (combustible materials, oxygen, and temperature) and the chain reaction theory, and achieves rapid fire extinguishing through physical or chemical effects: first, isolate oxygen and release high-density fire extinguishing agents (such as foam and dry powder) to cover the surface of the burning material and block air contact; second, lower the temperature. The fire extinguishing agent absorbs heat through endothermic reaction or phase change, so that the temperature of the combustible material drops below the ignition point; third, inhibit chain reactions. Some fire extinguishing agents (such as ammonium phosphate in dry powder) interrupt the generation of combustion free radicals through chemical reactions. Different types of fire extinguishing bombs have different focuses: dry powder fire extinguishing bombs isolate oxygen and inhibit chain reactions through the diffusion of dry powder particles, and are suitable for many types of fires; foam fire extinguishing bombs use foam and water film to cover the liquid or solid surface, which has both cooling and isolation effects and is particularly suitable for oil fires; water-based fire extinguishing bombs use fine water mist to absorb heat and cool down by evaporation, supplemented by flame retardants to inhibit the production of combustible gases, which is environmentally friendly and can quickly cool down; gas fire extinguishing bombs dilute the oxygen concentration and block chain reactions by releasing inert gases or chemical inhibitory gases, effectively extinguishing fires in specific scenarios. These principles work together to enable fire extinguishing bombs to quickly suppress fires for different combustible materials and fire types, achieving precise fire extinguishing. The fire extinguishing bomb delivery technology directly affects the fire extinguishing effect. The current mainstream solution relies on gravity bomb delivery, that is, the fire extinguishing bomb falls freely from the drone with its own gravity. Its delivery angle is completely determined by the drone's flight posture and altitude, and has the following key defects: Angle adjustment missing: The bomb's drop angle is fixed, allowing it to fall only vertically or nearly vertically (due to the drone's tilt, the adjustment range is extremely limited). For fires on sloping hillsides or the sides of high-rise buildings, fixed-angle bombing prevents the bomb from hitting the target surface along its normal direction. This results in uneven distribution of the extinguishing agent (e.g., only covering the top of the fire, leaving the sides unextinguished), resulting in fire extinguishing efficiency below 60%. (Compared to experimental data, when the target area coverage rate is ≤50%, the re-ignition rate reaches 40%).

[0003] In summary, the current gravity bombing technology has a shortcoming in angle adjustment, which seriously restricts the practical application effect of drone firefighting. The development of firefighting devices with adjustable bombing angles is urgently needed for improving mountainous areas and high-rise buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a UAV fire extinguishing device to solve the problem of the insufficiency of the gravity bombing technology in the prior art in terms of angle adjustment.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: The cam is adapted to move the cartridge case back into engagement with the cam, and the cam is adapted to move the cartridge case back into engagement with the cam, wherein the cam is adapted to move the cartridge case back into engagement with the cam.

[0006] In this technical solution, it's important to note that the fuselage, as the main body of the drone firefighting device, provides overall load-bearing and flight capabilities, and serves as the vehicle for the entire device to carry out firefighting missions. An angle adjustment device connects the fuselage to the delivery mechanism. By adjusting the delivery mechanism's angle, it overcomes the fixed angle limitations of traditional gravity-based bomb delivery. This allows the launch port to flexibly aim at fire sources in complex locations, such as sloping mountain slopes and the sides of high-rise buildings, achieving precise targeting. The shell forms the space for releasing fire extinguishing bombs. A launch port at one end is used for firing the bombs, while a top ammunition storage box is used to store the bombs. The internal structure ensures the orderly delivery of the bombs. The ammunition storage box holds 5-10 fire extinguishing bombs (depending on the shell's size). The ammunition entry at the bottom is connected to the shell, ensuring smooth entry into the shell's cavity, serving as an ammunition reserve. The mounting slot is located on the side of the ammunition inlet near the launch port. The bullet deflector slides into the mounting slot. In standby mode, the bullet deflector is elevated above the bottom of the inlet, securing the fire extinguisher bomb and preventing it from sliding toward the launch port. This serves to temporarily store and control the order in which the fire extinguisher bombs are deployed. The guide rails are powered by electric slides, which are driven by servo motors and move along the rails. A pusher head, located at the end facing the launch port, pushes the fire extinguisher bomb out of the launch port. The pusher head is made of an elastic cushioning material (such as a rubber-coated metal block) to prevent damage to the fire extinguisher bomb during propulsion, thereby ensuring the integrity and proper function of the fire extinguisher bomb. A linkage connects the electric slide rail to the bullet deflector. When the electric slide rail moves toward the launch port, the linkage drives the bullet deflector into the mounting slot, achieving coordinated movement and ensuring smooth fire extinguisher bomb deployment. The principle of this solution is as follows: The drone flies near a fire source and uses an angle adjustment device to adjust the angle of the delivery device so that the launch port is aligned with the fire source. In its initial state, the bullet deflector blocks the fire extinguisher bombs that fall from the magazine into the housing. When the fire extinguisher bomb is to be launched, the electric slide, driven by a servo motor, moves along the guide rail toward the launch port. During this movement, a linkage mechanism drives the bullet deflector into the mounting slot, releasing the fire extinguisher bomb. The pusher on the electric slide continues forward, pushing the fire extinguisher bomb out of the launch port, precisely targeting the fire source. After a fire extinguisher bomb is launched, the bullet deflector resets to hold the next bomb, awaiting the next launch command. This cycle repeats until all the fire extinguisher bombs in the magazine have been fired. This drone fire extinguishing device utilizes a dual mechanism of "angle adjustment + coordinated release," effectively addressing the limitations of traditional firefighting methods when targeting complex fire sources. The angle adjustment mechanism enables the drone to flexibly target various complex fire sources, expanding the firefighting range. The coordinated release mechanism ensures the orderly and precise release of fire extinguisher bombs, ensuring safety and accuracy.

[0007] Preferably, a connecting rod is provided at the bottom of the bulletproof plate, and a movable plate is provided at the bottom of the connecting rod, and the movable plate is slidably connected to the mounting slot, and a first spring connected to the mounting slot is provided at the bottom of the movable plate; a cam is also provided in the mounting slot, and the cam is located between the bulletproof plate and the movable plate, and the cam contacts the top of the movable plate, and one end of the cam is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the shell; the linkage device connects the electric slide rail with the rotating shaft, and when the electric slide rail moves in a direction close to the launch port, the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the linkage device, so that the cam rotates and drives the movable plate and the bulletproof plate connected to the movable plate to move downward.

[0008] In this technical solution, it should be noted that a connecting rod connects the bullet-blocking plate and the movable plate, transmitting the movable plate's displacement to the bullet-blocking plate, ensuring that the bullet-blocking plate moves synchronously with the movable plate, achieving its function of blocking and releasing fire extinguishing bombs. The movable plate is slidably connected to the mounting slot and can move up and down within the mounting slot under the action of a cam. The connecting rod drives the bullet-blocking plate, acting as one of the direct driving components of the bullet-blocking plate's movement. A first spring is connected at one end to the bottom of the movable plate and at the other end to the mounting slot. When the movable plate moves downward and compresses the spring, it provides a restoring force, allowing the bullet-blocking plate to automatically return to its initial position after blocking a fire extinguishing bomb, thereby blocking the next fire extinguishing bomb and ensuring the continuity of the fire extinguishing bomb delivery process. The cam is located between the bullet-blocking plate and the movable plate, contacting the top of the movable plate and rotating to propel the movable plate up and down. One end of the cam is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, a key component that converts the rotating shaft's rotational motion into linear motion of the movable plate. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the housing and is connected to the electric slide rail via a linkage. The shaft receives power from the electric slide rail and drives the cam to rotate, thereby controlling the movement of the bullet-blocking plate. In this solution, building on the existing dual "angle adjustment + linked release" mechanism, a newly added cam-spring linkage structure further optimizes the control of fire extinguisher bomb release. The cam, through coordination with the rotating shaft, movable plate, and bullet deflector, achieves precise linkage between the bullet deflector's movement and the electric slide rail's motion. The provision of a primary spring enables the bullet deflector to automatically reset, eliminating the need for an additional power unit.

[0009] Preferably, the linkage device includes a first rack and a first gear, one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the shell and is connected to the first gear, the first rack is arranged on the outside of the shell, and the first rack is fixedly connected to the electric slide rail inside the shell through a connecting rod, and an opening is provided on the side wall of the shell for the connecting rod to move.

[0010] In this technical solution, it's important to note that the first rack is fixedly connected to the electric slide via a connecting rod, moving synchronously with the electric slide, and transmitting the linear motion of the electric slide to the first gear. The first gear is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft that extends beyond the housing and meshes with the first rack, converting the linear motion of the first rack into its own rotational motion, thereby driving the rotating shaft. An opening is provided in the side wall of the housing, providing space for the connecting rod to move and ensuring that the linear motion of the electric slide is smoothly transmitted to the first rack outside the housing. Workflow: The drone flies over the fire source, and the angle adjustment device adjusts the launch port to align with the target. The electric slide remains in its initial position, the first rack and the first gear are not meshed, and the bullet deflector retains the fire extinguisher. Driven by a servo motor, the electric slide moves toward the launch port. Initially, only the first rack is driven toward the first gear (not meshed), and the pusher head gradually approaches the fire extinguisher. When the electric slide reaches a set distance (e.g., when the pusher head is about to contact the fire extinguisher), the first rack and the first gear begin to mesh, driving the first gear to rotate. The first gear drives the rotating shaft and cam to rotate synchronously. The cam profile compresses the top of the movable plate, forcing it to slide downward against the force of the first spring. This, in turn, pulls the bullet retaining plate downward into the mounting slot via a connecting rod, releasing the fire extinguisher bomb. The electric slide continues to move, and the pusher head (made of elastic material) propels the fire extinguisher bomb through the launch port's guide ramp, sending it on a stable trajectory toward the fire source. The rack-and-pinion linkage efficiently converts the linear motion of the electric slide into the rotational motion of the cam, offering higher transmission accuracy and stability than other transmission methods (such as belt drives). This purely mechanical transmission solution requires no additional energy supply, reducing the risk of electrical failure. The rack-and-pinion meshing transmission offers strong interference resistance, making it suitable for complex fire environments such as high temperatures and vibration.

[0011] Preferably, the first gear is an incomplete gear.

[0012] It should be noted that in this technical solution, the first gear of this drone fire-extinguishing device utilizes an incomplete gear (teething only partially around its circumference) that cooperates with the first rack to achieve intermittent transmission. Only when the electric slide reaches a specific travel range do the first rack and first gear trigger a single engagement, driving the cam to rotate through a predetermined angle (e.g., 90°). Disengaging the two in the non-engaged state prevents excessive movement or malfunction of the bullet deflector plate caused by continuous transmission. Specifically, during the initial phase of the electric slide's movement toward the launch port, the first rack and the incomplete first gear maintain a safe distance and remain in a non-engaged state. When the electric slide approaches the fire extinguisher projectile and the pusher is about to contact the projectile, the teeth of the first rack and the first gear align and begin to mesh, driving the first gear to rotate through a specific angle (e.g., 90°). This simultaneously causes the cam to press against the movable plate, causing the bullet deflector plate to move downward and release the fire extinguisher projectile. Once the first gear has rotated past the teeth, the first rack and first gear disengage, and the electric slide continues forward, completing the projectile ejection operation. During reset, the electric slide moves in the opposite direction. After the first rack separates from the first gear, the first spring resets the deflector and other components. This solution uses the tooth distribution of the first gear to limit the cam's rotation angle, ensuring that the release of the deflector is strictly synchronized with the launch of the push head, avoiding problems of advance or lag. The discontinuous engagement method reduces the duration of tooth surface friction, and the first gear idles without load during reset, effectively extending the service life of the components. The design of the initial interval and non-meshing state completely eliminates false operation caused by vibration, making it more suitable for the complex environment of the fire scene. In addition, there is no need for an additional limit device. The geometric characteristics of the first gear can realize the transmission logic, saving space and achieving the effect of optimizing energy consumption.

[0013] Preferably, the ammunition storage box is a cylinder, and a connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the middle part of the ammunition storage box. A number of partitions are provided on the side walls of the connecting shaft at equal intervals along its circumference, and a storage chamber for accommodating a single fire extinguishing bomb is formed between two adjacent partitions, and the bullet inlet is located between two adjacent partitions.

[0014] This technical solution requires attention: the ammunition storage box utilizes a cylindrical structure, with a connecting shaft pivotally connected to its center. Several partitions are equidistantly spaced along the circumference of the connecting shaft's sidewalls. Adjacent partitions form chambers for individual fire extinguisher bombs, with the bomb entry located between two adjacent partitions. During operation, fire extinguisher bombs are pre-loaded into each chamber. The connecting shaft is initially positioned so that one chamber aligns with the entry port. Under the influence of gravity, the fire extinguisher bomb falls into the housing's cavity and is caught by the bullet deflector. The core advantages of this design lie in: the cylindrical ammunition storage box and the partitions prevent the fire extinguisher bombs from stacking and squeezing, and the independent storage of individual bombs reduces the probability of jams. The rotary feed method eliminates the need for a complex ejection mechanism; loading is accomplished simply by rotating the connecting shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the connecting shaft penetrates into the housing and is fixedly connected to a second gear. The electric slide rail is connected to a second rack via a connecting plate, and the second rack and the second gear are meshed with each other. The second gear is connected to the connecting shaft via a one-way bearing. When the second rack moves toward the launch port, the second gear does not drive the rotating shaft to rotate due to the one-way bearing. When the second rack moves away from the launch port, the second gear drives the rotating shaft to rotate due to the one-way bearing.

[0016] It's important to note that in this UAV fire-extinguishing device, the bottom of the connecting shaft is connected to the second gear via a one-way bearing. When the electric slide drives the second rack toward the launch port (launch phase), the second gear idles and does not rotate the connecting shaft, ensuring the magazine remains stationary while the deflector releases the fire extinguisher. When the electric slide reverses and resets (feed phase), the second gear locks via the one-way bearing and drives the connecting shaft to rotate one position, allowing the next chamber in the magazine to align with the launch port for loading. This design optimizes the timing of firing and loading by separating the release of the deflector and the feeding of the magazine into different strokes, avoiding the potential interference that can occur with traditional two-way transmissions. The reciprocating motion of the electric slide simultaneously drives both functional components, eliminating the need for an additional power source, simplifying the structure and reducing energy consumption. The second gear and second rack are surface-carburized and quenched (hardness HRC58-62) to enhance wear resistance.

[0017] Preferably, the top of the ammunition storage box is detachably connected to a box cover.

[0018] It's important to note that the ammunition storage box features a removable lid (attached via threads, snaps, or quick-release locks) on top. This lid provides an opening for loading fire extinguisher cartridges, ensures a tight seal when closed to prevent the ammunition from loosening, getting wet, or slipping, and protects the internal mechanisms from external impact. During operation, the lid can be removed to load the fire extinguisher cartridges individually into the compartments separated by partitions.

[0019] Preferably, the angle adjustment device comprises a telescopic rod, one end of which is hinged to the machine body, the other end of which is hinged to one end of the shell, and the other end of which is hinged to the machine body. The telescopic rod is a cylinder.

[0020] In this technical solution, it's important to note that the angle adjustment mechanism utilizes a cylinder-type telescopic rod, one end of which is hinged to the main body and the other end to one end of the housing, which is also hinged to the main body. During operation, the cylinder-type telescopic rod's telescopic movement changes the distance between its two hinge points, forcing the housing to rotate about its hinge point with the main body, thereby adjusting the angle of the launch port.

[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention utilizes a dual mechanism of "angle adjustment + coordinated release" to effectively address the limitations of traditional firefighting methods when targeting complex fire sources. The angle adjustment mechanism enables the drone to flexibly target various complex fire sources, expanding the firefighting range. The coordinated release mechanism ensures the orderly and precise release of fire extinguishing bombs, ensuring their safety and accuracy.

[0022] 2. This invention, building on the existing dual "angle adjustment + linked release" mechanism, incorporates a new cam-spring linkage structure to further optimize the control of fire extinguisher bomb release. The cam, the rotating shaft, the movable plate, and the bullet deflector ensure precise linkage between the bullet deflector's movement and the electric slide rail's motion. The presence of a first spring ensures the bullet deflector's automatic reset, eliminating the need for an additional power unit. 3. In this invention, the first gear is a partial gear (teeth are present only on a portion of its circumference) that cooperates with the first rack to achieve intermittent transmission. Only when the electric slide reaches a specific travel range does the first rack and first gear engage once, driving the cam to rotate through a predetermined angle (e.g., 90°). In the non-engaged state, the two gears disengage, preventing excessive movement or malfunction of the deflector plate caused by continuous transmission.

[0023] 4. In this invention, the bottom of the connecting shaft is connected to the second gear via a one-way bearing. When the electric slide drives the second rack toward the launch port (the firing phase), the second gear idles and does not drive the connecting shaft, ensuring that the magazine remains stationary while the deflector releases the fire extinguisher. When the electric slide reverses and resets (the feeding phase), the second gear is locked by the one-way bearing and drives the connecting shaft to rotate one position, aligning the lower chamber of the magazine with the launch port, allowing loading. This design optimizes the timing of firing and loading by separating the release of the deflector and the feeding of the magazine into different strokes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shell and the ammunition storage box of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure after the middle shell is cut; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mounting slot; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ammunition storage box of the present invention after the top is opened; Figure 6Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second gear and the second rack on the ammunition storage box of the present invention; Among them: 1 - body, 2 - cylinder, 3 - housing, 4 - ammunition storage box, 5 - box cover, 6 - opening, 7 - connecting rod, 8 - first rack, 9 - first gear, 10 - guide rail, 11 - electric slide, 12 - connecting plate, 13 - second rack, 14 - second gear, 15 - bullet deflector. 16 - fire extinguisher, 17 - bullet inlet, 18 - connecting shaft, 19 - mounting slot, 20 - rotating shaft, 21 - cam, 22 - moving plate, 23 - first spring, 24 - connecting shaft, 25 - partition, 30 - firing port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0028] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not require further definition or explanation in subsequent drawings.

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0030] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0031] Example 1 like Figures 1-6As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a UAV fire extinguishing device, including a body 1, a delivery device connected to the bottom of the body 1 through an angle adjustment device, and the angle adjustment device is used to adjust the angle of the delivery device; the delivery device includes a shell 3, one end of the shell 3 is penetrated by a launch port 30, the top of the shell 3 is provided with a bullet storage box 4, the bottom of the bullet storage box 4 is penetrated by a bullet entry port 17 connected to the shell 3, and the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell 3 is penetrated by a mounting groove 19, the mounting groove 19 is located at the bullet entry port 17 near the launch port 30 On one side of the housing 3, a bullet deflector 15 is slidably connected within the mounting slot 19, with the top of the bullet deflector 15 extending outside the mounting slot 19. A guide rail 10 is also provided on one side of the interior of the housing 3. An electric slide 11 is slidably connected to the guide rail 10, with a pusher head provided on the end of the electric slide 11 facing the launch port 30. A linkage mechanism is also included, which drives the electric slide 11 to the bullet deflector 15. When the electric slide 11 moves toward the launch port 30, the linkage mechanism drives the bullet deflector 15 into the mounting slot 19. It should be noted that the body 1 serves as the main body of the UAV fire-fighting device, providing overall load-bearing and flight functions, and is the vehicle for the entire device to perform fire-fighting tasks. An angle adjustment device connects the body 1 to the delivery device. By adjusting the angle of the delivery device, the limitations of traditional gravity bomb delivery, such as fixed angles, can be overcome. The launch port 30 can be flexibly aligned with fire sources in complex locations, such as sloping mountain fires and the sides of high-rise buildings, achieving precise positioning. The housing 3 forms a space for releasing fire-extinguishing bombs 16. A launch port 30 at one end is used to launch the fire-extinguishing bombs 16, while a top ammunition storage box 4 stores the fire-extinguishing bombs 16. The internal structure ensures the orderly release of the fire-extinguishing bombs 16. The ammunition storage box 4 is designed to accommodate 5-10 fire-extinguishing bombs 16 (depending on the size of the housing 3). The ammunition inlet 17 at the bottom communicates with the housing 3, ensuring that the fire-extinguishing bombs 16 can smoothly enter the interior of the housing 3, thus serving as an ammunition reserve. A mounting slot 19 is located on the side of the ammunition inlet 17 near the launch port 30. A bullet retaining plate 15 is slidably connected to the mounting slot 19. In the standby mode, the bullet retaining plate 15 is higher than the bottom surface of the bullet inlet 17, retaining the fire-extinguishing bombs 16 and preventing them from sliding toward the launch port 30. This serves to temporarily store and control the release order of the fire-extinguishing bombs 16. Guide rail 10 provides a sliding path for electric slide rail 11. Driven by a servo motor, electric slide rail 11 moves along guide rail 10. Its pusher, facing toward launch port 30, is used to push fire extinguisher bomb 16 out of launch port 30. The pusher, made of an elastic, cushioning material (e.g., a rubber-wrapped metal block), prevents hard collision damage to the fire extinguisher bomb 16 during its movement, thereby ensuring the integrity and proper function of the fire extinguisher bomb 16. A linkage connects electric slide rail 11 to a bullet retaining plate 15. As electric slide rail 11 moves toward launch port 30, the linkage drives bullet retaining plate 15 into mounting slot 19, achieving coordinated action and ensuring smooth deployment of the fire extinguisher bomb 16.The principle of this solution is as follows: The drone flies near a fire source and uses an angle adjustment device to adjust the angle of the delivery mechanism, aligning the launch port 30 with the fire source. Initially, the bullet retaining plate 15 blocks the fire extinguishing bomb 16 that has fallen from the magazine 4 into the inner cavity of the housing 3. When the fire extinguishing bomb 16 needs to be launched, the electric slide 11, driven by a servo motor, moves along the guide rail 10 toward the launch port 30. During this movement, the electric slide 11, through a linkage mechanism, drives the bullet retaining plate 15 into the mounting slot 19, releasing the obstruction on the fire extinguishing bomb 16. The pusher head on the electric slide 11 continues to advance, pushing the fire extinguishing bomb 16 out of the launch port 30 and accurately targeting the fire source. After a fire extinguishing bomb 16 is launched, the bullet retaining plate 15 resets to lock the next fire extinguishing bomb 16, awaiting the next launch command. This cycle continues until all the fire extinguishing bombs 16 in the magazine 4 have been launched. This drone fire-extinguishing device, through its dual mechanisms of "angle adjustment + linkage delivery," effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional firefighting methods when dealing with complex fire source locations. The angle adjustment device enables the UAV to flexibly aim at various complex fire sources, expanding the fire extinguishing range; the linkage delivery structure realizes the orderly and precise launch of the fire extinguishing bomb 16, ensuring the safety and launch accuracy of the fire extinguishing bomb 16.

[0032] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, a connecting rod 7 is provided at the bottom of the bulletproof plate 15, and a movable plate 22 is provided at the bottom of the connecting rod 7. The movable plate 22 is slidably connected to the mounting slot 19, and a first spring 23 connected to the mounting slot 19 is provided at the bottom of the movable plate 22; a cam 21 is also provided in the mounting slot 19, and the cam 21 is located between the bulletproof plate 15 and the movable plate 22. The cam 21 contacts the top of the movable plate 22, and one end of the cam 21 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 20, and the rotating shaft 20 is rotatably connected to the housing 3; the linkage device transmission connects the electric slide 11 with the rotating shaft 20. When the electric slide 11 moves in a direction close to the launch port 30, the rotating shaft 20 is driven to rotate by the linkage device, so that the cam 21 rotates and drives the movable plate 22 and the bulletproof plate 15 connected to the movable plate 22 to move downward. It should be noted that the connecting rod 7 connects the bullet-blocking plate 15 and the movable plate 22, transmitting the displacement of the movable plate 22 to the bullet-blocking plate 15, ensuring that the bullet-blocking plate 15 moves synchronously with the movable plate 22, achieving the function of blocking and releasing the fire-extinguishing bomb 16. The movable plate 22 is slidably connected to the mounting slot 19 and can move up and down within the mounting slot 19 under the action of the cam 21. The connecting rod 7 drives the bullet-blocking plate 15 and is one of the direct driving components of the movement of the bullet-blocking plate 15. A first spring 23 is connected at one end to the bottom of the movable plate 22 and at the other end to the mounting slot 19. When the movable plate 22 moves downward, the spring is compressed and provides a restoring force, causing the bullet-blocking plate 15 to automatically return to its initial position after blocking the fire-extinguishing bomb 16, blocking the next fire-extinguishing bomb 16 and ensuring the continuity of the fire-extinguishing bomb 16 delivery process. The cam 21 is located between the bullet-blocking plate 15 and the movable plate 22, contacting the top of the movable plate 22 and driving the movable plate 22 up and down through its own rotation. One end of the cam 21 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 20 and is a key component that converts the rotational motion of the rotating shaft 20 into the linear motion of the movable plate 22. The rotating shaft 20 is rotationally connected to the housing 3 and is connected to the electric slide 11 through a linkage mechanism. The cam 21 receives power from the electric slide 11, driving the rotation of the cam 21, thereby controlling the movement of the bullet deflector 15. In this solution, building on the existing dual "angle adjustment + linked release" mechanism, the newly added cam 21-spring linkage structure further optimizes the release control of the fire extinguishing bomb 16. The coordination of the cam 21 with the rotating shaft 20, the movable plate 22, and the bullet deflector 15 achieves precise linkage between the movement of the bullet deflector 15 and the movement of the electric slide 11. The provision of a first spring 23 provides the bullet deflector 15 with an automatic reset function, enabling reset without the need for an additional power supply.

[0033] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the linkage device includes a first rack 8 and a first gear 9. One end of the rotating shaft 20 extends outside the housing 3 and is connected to the first gear 9. The first rack 8 is provided on the outside of the housing 3 and is fixedly connected to the electric slide 11 inside the housing 3 via a connecting rod 7. The side wall of the housing 3 is provided with an opening 6 for the connecting rod 7 to move. It should be noted that the first rack 8 is fixedly connected to the electric slide 11 via the connecting rod 7, moves synchronously with the electric slide 11, and transmits the linear motion of the electric slide 11 to the first gear 9. The first gear 9 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 20 that extends outside the housing 3 and meshes with the first rack 8, converting the linear motion of the first rack 8 into its own rotational motion, thereby driving the rotating shaft 20 to rotate. The opening 6 is provided in the side wall of the housing 3 to provide space for the connecting rod 7 to move, ensuring that the linear motion of the electric slide 11 can be smoothly transmitted to the first rack 8 outside the housing 3. Workflow: The drone flies over the fire source. The angle adjustment device adjusts the launch port 30 to align with the target. The electric slide 11 remains in its initial position, the first rack 8 and the first gear 9 are disengaged, and the bullet retaining plate 15 retains the fire extinguisher 16. Driven by the servo motor, the electric slide 11 moves toward the launch port 30. Initially, it only drives the first rack 8 toward the first gear 9 (which is not engaged), and the pusher head gradually approaches the fire extinguisher 16. When the electric slide 11 moves to the set distance (for example, when the pusher head is about to contact the fire extinguisher 16), the first rack 8 and the first gear 9 begin to engage, driving the first gear 9 to rotate. The first gear 9 drives the rotating shaft 20 and cam 21 to rotate synchronously. The contour of the cam 21 presses against the top of the movable plate 22, forcing the movable plate 22 to slide downward, overcoming the elastic force of the first spring 23. The connecting rod 7 then pulls the bullet retaining plate 15 down into the mounting slot 19, releasing the obstruction on the fire extinguisher 16. As the electric slide 11 continues to move, the pusher (made of elastic material) propels the fire extinguisher 16 through the ramp of the launch port 30, sending it flying along a stable trajectory toward the fire source. The rack-and-pinion mechanism efficiently converts the linear motion of the electric slide 11 into the rotational motion of the cam 21, offering higher transmission accuracy and stability than other transmission methods (such as belt drives). In this solution, the purely mechanical transmission method requires no additional energy supply, reducing the risk of electrical failure. The rack-and-pinion meshing transmission offers strong anti-interference capabilities, making it suitable for complex fire environments such as high temperatures and vibration.

[0034] like Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the first gear 9 is an incomplete gear. It should be noted that in this UAV fire-fighting device, the first gear 9 utilizes an incomplete gear (teething only partially around its circumference) to achieve intermittent transmission in conjunction with the first rack 8. Only when the electric slide 11 reaches a specific travel distance do the first rack 8 and the first gear 9 trigger a single engagement, driving the cam 21 to rotate a predetermined angle (e.g., 90°). In the non-engaged state, the two gears disengage, preventing excessive movement or malfunction of the bullet-blocking plate 15 due to continuous transmission. During specific implementation, during the initial stage of movement of the electric slide 11 toward the launch port 30, the first rack 8 maintains a safe distance from the incomplete first gear 9 and is in a non-engaged state. When the electric slide 11 approaches the fire extinguishing bomb 16 and the push head is about to contact the bomb body, the first rack 8 aligns with the teeth of the first gear 9 and begins to mesh, driving the first gear 9 to rotate to a specific angle (e.g., 90°), synchronously causing the cam 21 to squeeze the movable plate 22, causing the bullet retaining plate 15 to move downward and release the fire extinguishing bomb 16. After the first gear 9 rotates past the teeth, the first rack 8 disengages from the first gear 9, and the electric slide 11 continues to move forward to complete the bullet pushing action. When resetting, the electric slide 11 moves in the opposite direction. After the first rack 8 separates from the first gear 9, the bullet retaining plate 15 and other components are reset under the action of the first spring 23. This solution relies on the tooth distribution of the first gear 9 to limit the rotation angle of the cam 21, ensuring that the release of the bullet-blocking plate 15 is strictly synchronized with the launch of the push head, avoiding the problem of advance or lag; the discontinuous engagement method reduces the friction time of the tooth surface, and the first gear 9 is idling without load during reset, effectively extending the service life of the component; through the design of the initial interval and non-meshing state, it completely eliminates malfunctions caused by vibration, making it more suitable for the complex environment of the fire scene; in addition, there is no need to set an additional limit device, and the transmission logic can be realized with the help of the geometric characteristics of the first gear 9, which saves space and achieves the effect of optimizing energy consumption.

[0035] like Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the ammunition storage box 4 is cylindrical, with a connecting shaft 18 rotatably connected to the middle portion of the ammunition storage box 4. A plurality of partitions 25 are equidistantly spaced along the circumference of the sidewalls of the connecting shaft 18. A chamber for accommodating a single fire extinguishing bomb 16 is formed between two adjacent partitions 25. The bomb entry port 17 is located between two adjacent partitions 25. It should be noted that the ammunition storage box 4 is a cylindrical structure, with a connecting shaft 18 rotatably connected to the middle portion of the ammunition storage box 4. A plurality of partitions 25 are equidistantly spaced along the circumference of the sidewalls of the connecting shaft 18. A chamber for accommodating a single fire extinguishing bomb 16 is formed between two adjacent partitions 25. The bomb entry port 17 is located between two adjacent partitions 25. During operation, the fire extinguishing bombs 16 are pre-loaded into each storage chamber, and the connecting shaft 18 is initially positioned so that one of the storage chambers is aligned with the bullet entry port 17. The fire extinguishing bomb 16 falls into the inner cavity of the shell 3 under the action of gravity and is stuck by the bullet blocking plate 15; the core advantages of this design are: the cylindrical bullet storage box 4 and the partition 25 cooperate to avoid stacking and squeezing of the fire extinguishing bombs 16, and the independent storage of single bullets reduces the probability of jamming; the rotary bullet feeding method does not require a complex bullet pushing mechanism, and loading can be completed by simply rotating the connecting shaft 18.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the bottom of the connecting shaft 18 penetrates into the housing 3 and is fixedly connected to the second gear 14. The electric slide 11 is connected to the second rack 13 via the connecting plate 12. The second rack 13 and the second gear 14 are meshed with each other. The second gear 14 is connected to the connecting shaft 18 via a one-way bearing. When the second rack 13 moves toward the launch port 30, the second gear 14 does not drive the rotating shaft 20 to rotate due to the one-way bearing. When the second rack 13 moves away from the launch port 30, the second gear 14 drives the rotating shaft 20 to rotate due to the one-way bearing. It should be noted that in this UAV fire-extinguishing device, the bottom of the connecting shaft 18 is connected to the second gear 14 via a one-way bearing. When the electric slide 11 drives the second rack 13 toward the launch port 30 (launching phase), the second gear 14 idles and does not drive the connecting shaft 18, ensuring that the ammunition storage box 4 remains stationary while the bullet deflector 15 releases the fire extinguishing bomb 16. When the electric slide 11 reverses and resets (feeding phase), the second gear 14 locks via the one-way bearing and drives the connecting shaft 18 to rotate one position, allowing the next chamber of the ammunition storage box 4 to be loaded into the ammunition loading port 17. This design optimizes the timing of firing and loading by separating the release of the bullet deflector 15 and the feeding of the ammunition storage box 4 into different strokes, avoiding the interference that can occur with conventional bidirectional transmission. The reciprocating motion of the electric slide 11 simultaneously drives two functional components, eliminating the need for an additional power source, simplifying the structure and reducing energy consumption. The second gear 14 and second rack 13 are surface-carburized and quenched (hardness HRC 58-62) to enhance wear resistance.

[0037] like Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, a lid 5 is detachably connected to the top of the ammunition storage box 4. It should be noted that the detachable lid 5 (attached via threads, snaps, or quick-release locks) provides an opening 6 for loading fire extinguisher cartridges 16. When closed, it ensures a tight seal to prevent the ammunition from loosening, getting wet, or slipping, and protects the internal mechanisms from external impact. During operation, the lid 5 can be removed to load the fire extinguisher cartridges 16 one by one into the storage chamber separated by the partition 25.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the angle adjustment device includes a telescopic rod, one end of which is hinged to the body 1, and the other end is hinged to one end of the shell 3, and the other end of the shell 3 is hinged to the body 1. The telescopic rod is a cylinder 2. It should be noted that the angle adjustment device uses a cylinder 2-type telescopic rod, one end of which is hinged to the body 1, and the other end is hinged to one end of the shell 3, and the other end of the shell 3 is also hinged to the body 1. During operation, the telescopic rod of the cylinder 2 changes the distance between the hinge points at both ends through the telescopic action, forcing the shell 3 to rotate around the hinge point with the body 1, thereby adjusting the angle of the launch port 30.

[0039] The working principle of the present invention is: When the drone flies over the fire source, the telescopic rod of the cylinder 2 of the angle adjustment device expands and contracts, changing the distance between its hinge points at both ends. This allows the housing 3 to rotate about the hinge points, aiming the launch port 30 at the fire source in a complex location, such as a sloped mountain or the side of a high-rise building. The ammunition storage box 4 is cylindrical, with a removable lid 5 on top, allowing for manual or mechanical loading of 5-10 fire extinguisher bombs 16. Inside the box, connecting shafts 18 drive partitions 25 to divide the space into multiple storage chambers. Initially, one of the chambers is aligned with the ammunition entry port 17. Under the influence of gravity, the fire extinguisher bombs 16 fall into the interior of the housing 3 and are caught by the bullet deflector 15, which is higher than the bottom surface of the entry port 17. When it is time to launch a fire extinguishing grenade 16, the electric slide 11, driven by a servo motor, moves along the guide rail 10 toward the launch port 30. Initially, the first rack 8 moves with the electric slide 11 toward the incomplete first gear 9 (the two maintain a safe distance and are not engaged), and the push head gradually approaches the fire extinguishing grenade 16. When the electric slide 11 moves to a set distance, the teeth of the first rack 8 begin to mesh with the teeth of the first gear 9, driving the first gear 9 to rotate by a specific angle (e.g., 90°), which in turn drives the cam 21 connected to the rotating shaft 20 to rotate synchronously. The contour of the cam 21 presses against the top of the movable plate 22, forcing it to slide downward against the force of the first spring 23. This pulls the bullet-blocking plate 15 downward into the mounting slot 19 via the connecting rod 7, releasing the obstruction to the fire extinguishing grenade 16. Simultaneously, the electric slide 11 drives the second rack 13 toward the launch port 30. Since the second gear 14 is connected to the connecting shaft 18 via a one-way bearing, the second gear 14 idles and does not drive the connecting shaft 18 to rotate, ensuring that the ammunition storage box 4 remains stationary during the launch of the fire extinguishing grenade 16. Subsequently, the elastic pusher on the electric slide 11 pushes the fire extinguishing bomb 16 through the launch port 30 and launches it along a stable trajectory toward the fire source. After the launch is completed, the electric slide 11 moves back to its original position, and the first rack 8 drives the non-toothed surface of the first gear 9 to slide (idle rotation). The first spring 23 pushes the movable plate 22 and the bullet retaining plate 15 upward to reset, re-engage the next fire extinguishing bomb 16. At this time, the second rack 13 drives the second gear 14 to rotate counterclockwise, locking the one-way bearing. The second gear 14 drives the connecting shaft 18 to rotate synchronously through an interval angle (e.g., 60 degrees), aligning the next storage chamber of the magazine 4 with the bullet entry port 17. The new fire extinguishing bomb 16 falls into the inner cavity of the shell 3, awaiting the next launch command. This cycle continues until all the fire extinguishing bombs 16 in the magazine 4 have been launched.

[0040] The circuits, electronic components and modules involved are all existing technologies and can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art. Needless to say, the content protected by the present invention does not involve improvements to software and methods.

[0041] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0042] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A UAV fire extinguishing device, characterized in that: It comprises a body (1), wherein a delivery device is connected to the lower side of the body (1) via an angle adjustment device, and the angle adjustment device is used to adjust the angle of the delivery device; The delivery device comprises a shell (3), one end of the shell (3) is provided with a launch port, the top of the shell (3) is provided with a bullet storage box (4), the bottom of the bullet storage box (4) is provided with a bullet inlet communicating with the shell (3), the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell (3) is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove is located on a side of the bullet inlet close to the launch port, a bullet blocking plate (15) is slidably connected in the mounting groove, and the top of the bullet blocking plate (15) extends outside the mounting groove; A guide rail (10) is further provided on one side of the interior of the housing (3), an electric slide rail (11) is slidably connected to the guide rail (10), and a push head is provided at one end of the electric slide rail (11) facing the launch port; It also includes a linkage device, which drives the electric slide rail (11) and the bullet-blocking plate (15). When the electric slide rail (11) moves in a direction close to the launch port, the bullet-blocking plate (15) is driven by the linkage device to move into the installation groove.

2. The drone fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting rod (7) is provided at the bottom of the bullet-blocking plate (15), a movable plate is provided at the bottom of the connecting rod (7), the movable plate is slidably connected to the mounting groove, and a first spring connected to the mounting groove is provided at the bottom of the movable plate; A cam is also provided in the mounting groove, the cam being located between the bullet-blocking plate (15) and the movable plate, the cam being in contact with the top of the movable plate, and one end of the cam being fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the housing (3); The linkage device connects the electric slide rail (11) to the rotating shaft through transmission. When the electric slide rail (11) moves in a direction close to the launch port, the linkage device drives the rotating shaft to rotate, causing the cam to rotate and drive the moving plate and the bullet-blocking plate (15) connected to the moving plate to move downward.

3. The UAV fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage device includes a first rack (8) and a first gear (9), one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the housing (3) and is connected to the first gear (9), the first rack (8) is arranged on the outside of the housing (3), and the first rack (8) is fixedly connected to the electric slide rail (11) inside the housing (3) through a connecting rod (7), and an opening (6) for the connecting rod (7) to move is provided on the side wall of the housing (3).

4. The drone fire extinguishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first gear (9) is an incomplete gear.

5. The drone fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammunition storage box (4) is a cylinder, and a connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the middle of the ammunition storage box (4). A plurality of partitions are provided on the side wall of the connecting shaft at equal intervals along its circumference, and a storage chamber for accommodating a single fire extinguishing bomb is formed between two adjacent partitions, and the ammunition inlet is located between two adjacent partitions.

6. The drone fire extinguishing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the connecting shaft penetrates into the housing (3) and is fixedly connected to a second gear (14); the electric slide rail (11) is connected to a second rack (13) via a connecting plate (12); the second rack (13) and the second gear (14) are meshed with each other.

7. The drone fire extinguishing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second gear (14) is connected to the connecting shaft via a one-way bearing. When the second rack (13) moves in a direction close to the launch port, the second gear (14) does not drive the rotating shaft to rotate via the one-way bearing. When the second rack (13) moves in a direction away from the launch port, the second gear (14) drives the rotating shaft to rotate via the one-way bearing.

8. The drone fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the ammunition storage box (4) is detachably connected to a box cover (5).

9. The drone fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment device comprises a telescopic rod, one end of which is hinged to the machine body (1), and the other end of which is hinged to one end of the shell (3), and the other end of which is hinged to the machine body (1).

10. The drone fire extinguishing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The telescopic rod is a cylinder (2).

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