Cleaning machine before carburizing heat treatment of single-row continuous push plate, production line and treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-row continuous push disc cleaning machine before carburizing heat treatment, a production line and a treatment method. The single-row continuous push disc cleaning machine comprises a transversely-arranged base plate, and a gear righting part, a gear cleaning part and a gear drying part are sequentially distributed on the base plate; the gear cleaning part comprises a gear conveying assembly, a gear cleaning assembly and a gear rinsing assembly; the gear cleaning assembly comprises a brushing assembly and a flushing assembly and is used for cleaning the surface of a gear in a brushing mode and a flushing mode. A combined cleaning mode of brushing and washing is adopted, wherein a brushing assembly can penetrate into gaps between teeth, tooth roots and the like through physical contact, and stubborn oil stains and attached impurities are directly stripped; the washing assembly further washes the loosened impurities through high-pressure fluid, the synergistic effect of mechanical stripping and fluid removal is formed, and the problem that the cleaning capacity of a single cleaning mode on a complex structure area is insufficient is thoroughly solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of advanced steel materials, and in particular to a single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment pre-cleaning machine, a production line and a treatment method. Background Art

[0002] Surface hardening treatments for key steels such as high-carbon chromium bearing steel, carburized gear steel, and medium-carbon structural steel require stringent process precision. These steels are widely used in core components such as automotive gears, high-end bearings, and engineering machinery shafts. Their performance directly determines the wear resistance, fatigue strength, and service life of these equipment, making them fundamental materials for high-end equipment manufacturing.

[0003] Carburizing heat treatment is a core process for improving the surface properties of steel. It forms a gradient-distributed hardened layer by precisely penetrating carbon elements into the surface of steel in a high-temperature, carbon-rich atmosphere, which can significantly optimize the matching between the surface hardness and core toughness of the material.

[0004] In the gear carburizing heat treatment process, pre-cleaning is the prerequisite and foundation for ensuring the final carburizing quality. Gears, as typical complex components, are prone to residual impurities such as oil and cutting fluids generated during machining, such as between teeth and at the tooth roots. Failure to thoroughly remove these impurities can lead to uneven carbon potential distribution within the furnace, variations in the carburizing layer thickness, and even surface defects such as surface oxidation spots, severely impacting the gear's mechanical properties and service life.

[0005] However, the pre-cleaning machines in existing continuous production lines mostly use a batch spraying and immersion method, which is difficult to adapt to the complex structural characteristics of gears.

[0006] Especially when cleaning high-precision gears, the batch immersion cleaning method will cause damage to the gears, resulting in unqualified finished gears. At the same time, the immersion spray method cannot effectively clean hidden areas such as between teeth and tooth roots, resulting in prominent oil residue problems. Residual impurities not only interfere with the stability of the subsequent carburizing process, but may also reduce the reactivity of the workpiece surface with the carburizing atmosphere, ultimately affecting the quality consistency of the product.

[0007] Therefore, the development of a continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment production line that can achieve efficient cleaning of complex gear structures and a pre-cleaning machine that can clean high-precision gears one by one to prevent multiple gears from colliding with each other and can also clean the tooth grooves of the gears has become a key requirement for improving the overall quality of carburizing heat treatment.

[0008] The existing single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment production line includes upper and lower roller tables and conveying devices, pre-cleaning machine, pre-oxidation furnace, heating furnace (heating section), heating carburizing furnace (intensive carburizing and diffusion section), cooling furnace, quenching chamber, secondary heating furnace, double-station quenching oil tank, post-cleaning machine, push-plate tempering furnace, air cooling table, control system (including temperature control, carbon control, program control, etc.) and production line automation and computer monitoring management system; The working position of the front cleaning machine in this application is the same as the working position of the front cleaning machine in the existing production line. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment pre-cleaning machine and production line and treatment method, aiming to solve the technical problem in the existing technology that impurities such as oil, cutting fluid, etc. generated during the processing are easily retained in the existing cleaning technology between teeth, tooth roots and other parts.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention proposes a single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment pre-cleaning machine, comprising a horizontally arranged base plate, on which a gear straightening section, a gear cleaning section, and a gear drying section are sequentially arranged; the gear cleaning section comprises a gear conveying assembly, a gear cleaning assembly, and a gear rinsing assembly; The gear straightening part is used to receive the gears conveyed by the upper and lower roller tables and the conveying device, and to straighten the lying gears upright; The gear cleaning assembly includes a brushing assembly and a flushing assembly, which are used to clean the gear surface by brushing and flushing; The gear rinsing assembly is used to rinse the gears after being cleaned by the gear cleaning assembly; The gear drying section is used to dry the gears and transport the dried gears into the pre-oxidation furnace; The gear conveying assembly is used to grab the gear in an upright state on the gear straightening part, and drive the gear to enter the gear cleaning assembly and the gear rinsing assembly in sequence, and finally send the gear to the gear drying part.

[0011] Preferably, the gear straightening portion includes an upright member disposed transversely on a base plate and a feed conveyor belt connected to the base plate, and the upright member includes a main upright rod and an auxiliary upright rod disposed transversely and in parallel; The feed conveyor belt is located on one side of the length direction of the main vertical pole, and is used to receive materials transported by the upper and lower roller tables and the conveying device and transport the materials between the main vertical pole and the auxiliary vertical pole; The main vertical rod is fixedly connected to the base plate, the auxiliary vertical rod is slidably connected to the base plate, and a first hydraulic cylinder is provided on the side of the auxiliary vertical rod away from the main vertical rod for pushing the auxiliary vertical rod to move toward or away from the main vertical rod; A vertical arc surface is formed on one side of the main vertical rod close to the auxiliary vertical rod, and a vertical surface is formed on one side of the auxiliary vertical rod close to the main vertical rod; The vertical arc surface is inclined in the vertical direction toward the side away from the auxiliary vertical rod, and the inclination angle of the vertical arc surface gradually decreases toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt, and eventually tends to a vertical state; The gear straightening part also includes a gear tilting component that pushes the gear to move toward the side of the vertical arc surface when the gear is located between the main vertical rod and the auxiliary vertical rod so that the gear tilts upward on the side away from the auxiliary vertical rod; and also includes a gear pushing component for driving the tilted gear to move toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt.

[0012] Preferably, the gear tilting assembly includes a push plate provided on the side of the secondary vertical rod close to the feed conveyor belt, and the distance from the side of the push plate away from the secondary vertical rod to the side of the secondary vertical rod away from the push plate is the same as the length of the main vertical rod; A second hydraulic cylinder is provided on the side of the push plate facing away from the main vertical rod for pushing the push plate to move toward or away from the main vertical rod; The gear tilting assembly further comprises a detection driving module, which drives the second hydraulic cylinder to push the push plate toward a side close to the main upright pole when detecting that the gear is located between the push plate and the main upright pole.

[0013] Preferably, the gear pushing assembly includes a carrier box with an opening in the side wall, the carrier box is located on the side of the main upright rod away from the auxiliary upright rod, the opening of the carrier box faces the main upright rod, two transmission gears are rotatably arranged in the carrier box, the two transmission gears are connected by a transmission chain, the rotation direction of the two transmission gears is in the same direction as the extension direction of the main upright rod, a first servo motor is provided on the side of the carrier box away from the main upright rod, and the output shaft of the first servo motor is connected to any one of the transmission gears; The side wall of the transmission chain near the opening of the carrier box is connected to a push rod, and one end of the push rod near the opening of the carrier box extends out of the carrier box and extends between the main upright rod and the auxiliary upright rod; the inner wall of the opening of the carrier box is surrounded by a depression to form an annular slide, and the outer wall of the push rod is provided with a slider for sliding in the annular slide; The distance between the two transmission gears is greater than the length of the main vertical rod; The gear storage assembly is further provided on a side of the upright member facing away from the feed conveyor belt, the gear storage assembly including a first limiting rod and a second limiting rod provided in parallel, the first limiting rod being fixedly connected to the base plate, and a third hydraulic cylinder for driving the second limiting rod to move toward or away from the first limiting rod is connected to a side of the second limiting rod facing away from the first limiting rod; One side of the first limiting rod close to the second limiting rod and one side of the main vertical立杆 are on the same extension plane. The extending direction of the first limiting rod is the same as that of the main vertical立杆. A baffle for blocking the gear is provided on the side of the first limiting rod背离 the main vertical立杆. The first limiting rod is in clearance fit with the main vertical立杆.

[0014] Preferably, the gear cleaning assembly includes a cleaning pool embedded in the substrate. The cleaning pool is located on the side of the gear temporary storage assembly背离 the vertical member. A vibrating plate is horizontally arranged in the cleaning pool. Both sides of the vibrating plate in the horizontal direction are symmetrically and horizontally recessed at the four corners to form a plurality of sliding holes. A spring is provided at the bottom of each sliding hole. A plurality of sliding rods corresponding to each other and extending into the sliding holes are horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the cleaning pool. An installation cavity is formed in the vibrating plate, and a vibrating motor is provided on the cavity wall of the installation cavity. The extending direction of the sliding holes on the vibrating plate is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first limiting rod. A brush plate with bristles is detachably provided on the side of the vibrating plate背离 the bottom of the cleaning pool. An annular cleaning water pipe is provided in the cleaning pool. The cleaning water pipe is connected to a cleaning water pump. The cleaning water pipe is located above the vibrating plate. A plurality of cleaning nozzles are provided on the side of the cleaning water pipe背离 the pool wall of the cleaning pool. The spray nozzles of the cleaning nozzles face the center line of the brush plate to wash the gear passing through the cleaning pool.

[0015] Preferably, the gear rinsing assembly includes a rinsing pool embedded in the substrate. The rinsing pool is located on the side of the cleaning pool背离 the gear temporary storage assembly. An annular rinsing water pipe and an annular air pipe are provided in the rinsing pool. The air pipe is located above the rinsing water pipe. The rinsing water pipe is connected to a rinsing water pump. A plurality of rinsing nozzles are uniformly and spacedly distributed and connected to the outer wall of the rinsing water pipe. The spray nozzles of the rinsing nozzles face the inside of the rinsing water pipe. The air pipe is connected to an air pump. A plurality of air jet nozzles are uniformly and spacedly distributed and connected to the outer wall of the air pipe. The spray nozzles of the air jet nozzles face the inside of the air pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the gear drying part includes an output conveyor belt and a drying chamber covering the output conveyor belt. The drying chamber is in a "冂" - shaped structure, and the two ends of the "冂" - shaped drying chamber are open in the conveying direction of the output conveyor belt. A hot air blower for blowing air towards the output conveyor belt is provided in the drying chamber. The output conveyor belt is located on the side of the rinsing pool背离 the cleaning pool, and the output conveyor belt is used to convey the gear to the pre - oxidation furnace.

[0017] Preferably, the gear conveying assembly includes a base column vertically and slidably arranged on the base plate, the sliding direction of the base column is in the same direction as the distribution direction of the cleaning pool and the rinsing pool, and the base plate is provided with an electric screw slide for driving the base column to move on the base plate, and the base column is laterally provided with a large arm at one end away from the base plate, and the large arm extends above the distribution direction of the cleaning pool and the rinsing pool, and a base block is slidably provided on the lower side of the large arm, and the base block is connected to a fourth hydraulic cylinder for driving the base block to move toward or away from the base column on the side of the base block, and a mounting plate is provided under the base block, and the mounting plate and the base block are connected by a fifth hydraulic cylinder, and the fifth hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the mounting plate to rise and fall toward or away from the side of the base block; the base column is provided with an anti-falling plate buckled on the bottom of the base plate at one end close to the base plate, and the anti-falling plate is used to prevent the base column from tipping over; A second servo motor is mounted on the mounting plate, wherein the output shaft of the second servo motor faces away from the base block, and the output shaft of the second servo motor is connected to a transversely arranged grabbing rod through a right-angle transmission box, wherein the grabbing rod is located on a side of the right-angle transmission box away from the base column, and the direction of the grabbing rod is the same as that of the upper arm; A waterproof electromagnet is embedded in the grabbing rod, and a waterproof conductive slip ring is provided on the outer wall of the grabbing rod for supplying power to the waterproof electromagnet; a "C"-shaped retrieving plate is provided on the side of the discharge conveyor belt close to the rinsing tank, and the "C"-shaped opening of the retrieving plate faces the drying chamber; the retrieving plate is located on the conveying path of the discharge conveyor belt; The gear conveying assembly also includes a visual recognition module and a conveying drive module; The conveying drive module is used to control the operation of the fourth hydraulic cylinder, the fifth hydraulic cylinder, the second servo motor, the electric screw slide and the waterproof electromagnet; The visual recognition module is used to collect and analyze images of the gear located between the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod, detect the central circular hole of the gear and determine the spatial coordinates of its axis; Based on the spatial coordinates of the axis, a movement control instruction is generated and sent to the conveying drive module. The conveying drive module schedules the grabbing rod to extend into the center hole of the gear along the axis of the center hole of the gear, and the gear is grabbed by energizing the waterproof electromagnet.

[0018] The present invention also provides a single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment production line, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned pre-cleaning machines; the carburizing heat treatment production line is used to perform carburizing treatment on gears, and the device for carburizing the gears in the production line includes an upper and lower roller table and a conveyor device connected in sequence and allowing the gears to pass through in sequence and perform heat treatment processing on the gears, a pre-cleaning machine, a pre-oxidation furnace, a heating furnace, a heating carburizing furnace, a cooling furnace, a quenching chamber, a secondary heating furnace, a double-station quenching oil tank, a post-cleaning machine, a push-plate tempering furnace and an air cooling table; It also includes a control system and production line automation and computer monitoring management system for controlling the upper and lower material roller tables and conveying devices, front cleaning machine, pre-oxidation furnace, heating furnace, heating carburizing furnace, cooling furnace, rapid cooling chamber, secondary heating furnace, double-station quenching oil tank, post-cleaning machine, push-plate tempering furnace and air cooling table respectively.

[0019] The present invention also proposes a single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment method, which uses the above-mentioned single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment production line, including the following steps: S1: The upper and lower roller tables and conveying devices transport the gears to the feed conveyor belt; S2: Adjust the distance between the main vertical rod and the auxiliary vertical rod through the first hydraulic cylinder to adapt to the thickness of the gear; S3: The feed conveyor conveys the gear to between the push plate and the main vertical rod. When the detection drive module detects that the gear is between the push plate and the main vertical rod, it drives the second hydraulic cylinder to push the push plate toward the side close to the main vertical rod, pushing the gear to tilt. Under the push of the gear pushing assembly, the gear is gradually erected under the action of the vertical arc surface; S4: The visual recognition module collects images of the erected gear and determines the spatial coordinates of its central circular hole; S5: After the visual recognition module identifies the position of the gear hole, the conveying drive module controls the electric screw slide to drive the base column to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod moves above the axis of the gear center hole and stops; Then the fifth hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend to drive the grabbing rod to descend until the visual recognition module detects that the axis of the grabbing rod coincides with the axis of the gear center hole, and then stops; After the axis of the grabbing rod coincides with the axis of the gear center hole, the fourth hydraulic cylinder drives the base block to move away from the base column until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod has entered the gear center hole and stops; the waterproof electromagnet is energized to adsorb the gear; S6: The fifth hydraulic cylinder contracts to drive the grabbing rod to move toward the side away from the substrate, thereby driving the gear to move toward the side away from the substrate, so that the gear is suspended in the air; the electric screw slide drives the base column to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod moves to the top of the cleaning tank and stops; S7: The fifth hydraulic cylinder extends to extend the grabbing rod into the cleaning tank until the visual recognition module detects that the gear is in contact with the brush of the brush plate. Then, the conveying drive module controls the second servo motor to rotate to drive the grabbing rod to rotate, further driving the gear to rotate in the cleaning tank. The vibration motor drives the brush plate to vibrate at a high frequency, cooperating with the bristles to brush along the tooth groove direction. The high-pressure nozzle of the annular cleaning water pipe is then used to flush to remove residual oil between the teeth and the tooth roots, so that the brush plate can brush each tooth groove of the gear. The conveying drive module controls the residence time of the grabbing rod in the cleaning tank. After the grabbing rod stays in the cleaning tank for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod moves upward out of the cleaning tank and stops; S8: The electric screw slide drives the base column to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod has moved to the top of the rinsing tank and stops; the fifth hydraulic cylinder extends to allow the grabbing rod to extend into the rinsing tank until the visual recognition module detects that the gear is located between the rinsing water pipes and stops. Then, the conveying drive module controls the second servo motor to rotate to drive the grabbing rod to rotate, further driving the gear to rotate in the rinsing tank, so that the rinsing nozzle flushes and rinses all surfaces of the gear. The conveying drive module controls the residence time of the grabbing rod between the rinsing water pipes; S9: After the grabbing rod has stayed between the rinsing water pipes for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod is between the air pipes and stops. The conveying drive module then controls the second servo motor to rotate to drive the grabbing rod, which in turn drives the gear to rotate in the rinsing tank, so that the jet head sprays air on each surface of the gear to preliminarily remove water stains remaining on the gear surface through high-pressure airflow. The conveying drive module controls the time the grabbing rod stays between the air pipes. S10: After the grabbing rod stays between the air pipes for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod is located in the rinsing tank and stops; S11: The conveying drive module controls the electric screw slide to drive the base column to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod moves to the top of the material removal plate and stops; S12: The conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder to extend until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod contacts the edge of the retrieving plate. At this time, the gear is located in the C-shaped area of ​​the retrieving plate and above the discharge conveyor belt. The conveying drive module controls the waterproof electromagnet to be powered off. At the same time, the fourth hydraulic cylinder contracts to drive the base block toward the side close to the base column, and at the same time drives the grabbing rod to move, so that the retrieving plate scrapes the gear on the grabbing rod, so that the gear falls from the grabbing rod to the discharge conveyor belt. S13: The discharging conveyor belt drives the gears to move into the drying chamber, where the hot air blower in the drying chamber performs hot air convection drying on the gears. The discharging conveyor belt then transports the dried gears to the pre-oxidation furnace. S14: On the production line, the gears pass through a pre-oxidation furnace, a heating furnace, a heating carburizing furnace, a cooling furnace, a quenching chamber, a secondary heating furnace, a double-station quenching oil tank, a post-cleaning machine, a push-plate tempering furnace, and an air cooling station to complete the carburizing heat treatment of the gears. The control system, production line automation, and computer monitoring and management system control the time and temperature of the gears in each step.

[0020] In the technical solution of the present invention, the gear straightening unit uprights the flat gear, allowing all surfaces of the gear (including the tooth surface, tooth root, and spaces between teeth) to be fully exposed to the cleaning, rinsing, and drying processes, avoiding partial areas being blocked and incomplete cleaning due to improper posture; the gear conveying assembly pushes the upright gears through each process in an orderly manner, ensuring that all key parts of each gear receive the same intensity of cleaning, rinsing, and drying, significantly improving the consistency of batch gear cleaning quality; The gear cleaning component uses a combined "brushing + flushing" cleaning method: the brushing component can penetrate deep into the gaps between teeth and tooth roots through physical contact, directly stripping away stubborn oil stains and attached impurities; the flushing component further flushes away loosened impurities with high-pressure fluid, creating a synergistic effect of "mechanical stripping + fluid removal", completely resolving the problem of a single cleaning method's insufficient cleaning ability in complex structural areas. In summary, the pre-cleaning machine achieves accurate and thorough cleaning of the complex structure of gears through structural innovation, solves the core pain points of existing cleaning methods, provides stable substrate conditions for subsequent carburizing processes, and ultimately helps improve the consistency and reliability of gear carburizing quality. The method of cleaning gears one by one can prevent multiple gears from colliding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the front cleaning machine of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the gear conveying assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the gear straightening portion of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the gear of the gear straightening part of the present invention entering between the push plate and the main vertical rod; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the gear straightening portion of the present invention in which the second hydraulic cylinder is extended to cause the push plate to push the gear toward the side close to the main vertical rod, so that the gear is tilted along the vertical arc surface; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the gear straightening portion of the present invention, in which the push rod pushes the gear toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt so that the gear is further upright under the action of the upright arc surface; Figure 7A schematic diagram of the structure of the gear straightening portion of the present invention, in which the push rod pushes the gear to continue moving toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt so that the gear is upright under the action of the vertical arc surface; Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the gear cleaning assembly, gear rinsing assembly and gear drying section of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gear cleaning assembly of the present invention.

[0023] Description of Figure Numbers: 1. Base plate; 2. Gear straightening unit; 21. Feed conveyor belt; 22. Main vertical rod; 22a. Vertical arc surface; 23. Secondary vertical rod; 24. First hydraulic cylinder; 25. Push plate; 26. Second hydraulic cylinder; 27. Carrying box; 28. Transmission gear; 29. ​​Push rod; 210. Transmission chain; 211. First servo motor; 212. First limiting rod; 213. Second limiting rod; 214. Third hydraulic cylinder; 215. Baffle; 3. Gear cleaning assembly; 31. Cleaning tank; 32. Vibrating plate; 32a. Mounting cavity; 32b. Slide hole; 33. Vibrating motor; 34. Spring; 35. Slide rod; 36, brush plate; 37, cleaning water pipe; 38, cleaning nozzle; 4, gear rinsing assembly; 41, rinsing tank; 42, air pipe; 43, rinsing water pipe; 5, gear drying section; 51, discharge conveyor belt; 52, drying chamber; 6, gear conveying assembly; 61, base column; 62, upper arm; 63, fourth hydraulic cylinder; 64, base block; 65, fifth hydraulic cylinder; 66, second servo motor; 67, mounting plate; 68, right-angle transmission box; 69, waterproof conductive slip ring; 610, grabbing rod; 611, waterproof electromagnet; 612, anti-fall plate; 613, electric screw slide; 614, picking plate.

[0024] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0027] In addition, the terms "first," "second," and so on, used in this disclosure are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referenced. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0028] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0029] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0030] The invention provides a single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment pre-cleaning machine, a production line and a treatment method.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 The single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment production line pre-cleaning machine includes a horizontally arranged base plate 1, on which a gear straightening part 2, a gear cleaning part and a gear drying part 5 are sequentially arranged; the gear cleaning part includes a gear conveying component 6, a gear cleaning component 3 and a gear rinsing component 4; The gear straightening part 2 is used to receive the gears transported by the upper and lower roller tables and the conveyor device, and to straighten the lying gears upright; The gear cleaning assembly 3 includes a brushing assembly and a flushing assembly, which are used to clean the gear surface by brushing and flushing; The gear rinsing assembly 4 is used to rinse the gears after being cleaned by the gear cleaning assembly 3; The gear drying section 5 is used to dry the gears and transport the dried gears into the pre-oxidation furnace; The gear conveying assembly 6 is used to grab the gear in an upright state on the gear straightening part 2, and drive the gear to enter the gear cleaning assembly 3 and the gear rinsing assembly 4 in sequence, and finally send the gear to the gear drying part 5.

[0032] In the technical solution of the present invention, the gear straightening unit 2 stands the flat gear upright, so that all surfaces of the gear (including the tooth surface, tooth root, and teeth) can be fully exposed to the cleaning, rinsing, and drying processes, avoiding partial areas being blocked and incomplete cleaning due to improper posture; the gear conveying assembly 6 pushes the upright gears in an orderly manner through each process, ensuring that all key parts of each gear can receive the same intensity of cleaning, rinsing, and drying treatment, significantly improving the consistency of batch gear cleaning quality; Gear cleaning component 3 uses a combined "brushing + flushing" cleaning method: the brushing component can penetrate deep into the gaps between teeth and tooth roots through physical contact, directly stripping away stubborn oil stains and attached impurities; the flushing component further flushes away loosened impurities with high-pressure fluid, creating a synergistic effect of "mechanical stripping + fluid removal", completely resolving the problem of a single cleaning method's insufficient cleaning ability in complex structural areas. In summary, the pre-cleaning machine achieves accurate and thorough cleaning of the complex structure of gears through structural innovation, solves the core pain points of existing cleaning methods, provides stable substrate conditions for subsequent carburizing processes, and ultimately helps improve the consistency and reliability of gear carburizing quality. The method of cleaning gears one by one can prevent multiple gears from colliding.

[0033] Please refer to the attached Figure 3-7 The gear straightening portion 2 includes an upright member arranged transversely on the base plate 1 and a feed conveyor belt 21 connected to the base plate 1, and the upright member includes a main upright rod 22 and an auxiliary upright rod 23 arranged transversely and parallel to each other; The feed conveyor belt 21 is located on one side of the length direction of the main vertical rod 22. The feed conveyor belt 21 is used to receive materials transported by the upper and lower roller platforms and the conveying device and transport the materials between the main vertical rod 22 and the auxiliary vertical rod 23; The main vertical rod 22 is fixedly connected to the base plate 1, and the auxiliary vertical rod 23 is slidably connected to the base plate 1. The side of the auxiliary vertical rod 23 away from the main vertical rod 22 is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder 24 for pushing the auxiliary vertical rod 23 to move toward or away from the main vertical rod 22; The main vertical rod 22 is formed with a vertical arc surface 22a on one side close to the auxiliary vertical rod 23, and the auxiliary vertical rod 23 is formed with a vertical surface on one side close to the main vertical rod 22; The vertical arc surface 22a is inclined in the vertical direction toward the side away from the auxiliary vertical rod 23, and the inclination angle of the vertical arc surface 22a gradually decreases toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt 21, and eventually tends to a vertical state; The gear straightening portion 2 also includes a gear tilting component that pushes the gear to move toward the side of the vertical arc surface 22a when the gear is located between the main vertical rod 22 and the auxiliary vertical rod 23 so that the gear is tilted upward away from the side of the auxiliary vertical rod 23; and also includes a gear pushing component for driving the tilted gear to move toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt 21.

[0034] The auxiliary upright rod 23 cooperates with the first hydraulic cylinder 24 to adjust the distance between the auxiliary upright rod 23 and the main upright rod 22. Different distances can be adjusted according to the gears of different thicknesses, thereby adapting to the straightening needs of gears of different thicknesses, solving the problem of poor versatility of traditional fixing fixtures; when the gear pushing assembly pushes the inclined gear to move toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt 21, the gear gradually stands upright as the gear moves under the action of the upright arc surface 22a; at the same time, it ensures that the tooth groove direction is consistent with the bristle direction of the brush plate 36 during cleaning, thereby improving the brushing efficiency; the synergistic effect of the feed conveyor belt 21 and the gear pushing assembly realizes the continuous transition of the gear from a lying state to an upright state, providing basic support for subsequent automated cleaning.

[0035] Please refer to the attached Figure 3-7 The gear tilting assembly includes a push plate 25 provided on the side of the auxiliary vertical rod 23 close to the feed conveyor belt 21, and the distance from the side of the push plate 25 away from the auxiliary vertical rod 23 to the side of the auxiliary vertical rod 23 away from the push plate 25 is the same as the length of the main vertical rod 22; A second hydraulic cylinder 26 is provided on the side of the push plate 25 away from the main upright rod 22 for pushing the push plate 25 toward or away from the main upright rod 22; The gear tilting assembly further comprises a detection drive module, which drives the second hydraulic cylinder 26 to push the push plate 25 toward the side close to the main upright rod 22 when detecting that the gear is located between the push plate 25 and the main upright rod 22 .

[0036] The detection drive module monitors the gear position in real time and triggers the second hydraulic cylinder 26 to push the push plate 25 to ensure that the gear is accurately guided to the vertical arc surface 22a at the initial stage of straightening, so that the gear pushing assembly can push the gear toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt 21.

[0037] Please refer to the attached Figure 3-7The gear pushing assembly includes a carrier box 27 with an opening in the side wall. The carrier box 27 is located on the side of the main upright rod 22 away from the secondary upright rod 23. The opening of the carrier box 27 faces the main upright rod 22. Two transmission gears 28 are rotatably arranged in the carrier box 27. The two transmission gears 28 are connected to each other through a transmission chain 210. The rotation direction of the two transmission gears 28 is in the same direction as the extension direction of the main upright rod 22. A first servo motor 211 is provided on the side of the carrier box 27 away from the main upright rod 22. The output shaft of the first servo motor 211 is connected to any one of the transmission gears 28. A push rod 29 is connected to the side wall of the transmission chain 210 near the opening of the carrier box 27. One end of the push rod 29 near the opening of the carrier box 27 extends out of the carrier box 27 and extends between the main upright rod 22 and the auxiliary upright rod 23. An annular slide is formed around the inner wall of the opening of the carrier box 27, and a slider is provided on the outer wall of the push rod 29 for sliding in the annular slide. The distance between the two transmission gears 28 is greater than the length of the main upright rod 22 .

[0038] The linkage mechanism of the transmission chain 210 and the push rod 29 enables the gear to maintain continuous movement during the push-reset cycle, avoiding the time loss of traditional intermittent transportation and improving the cleaning rhythm; the transmission chain 210 is divided into two parallel chain parts, upper and lower, under the action of the two transmission gears 28. When the push rod 29 moves on the lower chain part, the push rod 29 will push the gear to move toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt 21. When the transmission chain 210 rotates and drives the push rod 29 to move to the upper chain part, the push rod 29 disengages from the gear and crosses the gear located between the main vertical rod 22 and the auxiliary vertical rod 23, and then pushes the gear again to move toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt 21, and so on. The spacing between the two transmission gears 28 is equal to the distance that the push rod 29 pushes the gear to move, and the spacing between the two transmission gears 28 is greater than the length of the main vertical rod 22.

[0039] The gear storage assembly is also included, which is arranged on the side of the upright member away from the feed conveyor belt 21. The gear storage assembly includes a first limiting rod 212 and a second limiting rod 213 arranged in parallel. The first limiting rod 212 is fixedly connected to the base plate 1. The second limiting rod 213 is connected to the side away from the first limiting rod 212 with a third hydraulic cylinder 214 for driving the second limiting rod 213 to move toward or away from the first limiting rod 212. The side of the first limiting rod 212 close to the second limiting rod 213 is located on the same extended plane as the side of the main upright rod 22. The extension direction of the first limiting rod 212 is the same as the extension direction of the main upright rod 22. The side of the first limiting rod 212 facing away from the main upright rod 22 is provided with a baffle 215 for blocking the gear; the first limiting rod 212 and the main upright rod 22 are clearance-matched.

[0040] The third hydraulic cylinder 214 adjusts the distance between the first limiting rod 212 and the second limiting rod 213 to meet the temporary storage requirements of gears of different thicknesses, thereby preventing gear shaking caused by excessive clearance from affecting subsequent grasping accuracy. The first limiting rod 212 is designed to be coplanar with the side of the main vertical rod 22 on the same extended surface as the side of the second limiting rod 213, ensuring that the gear maintains the same spatial posture as after straightening during temporary storage, providing a stable detection benchmark for the visual recognition module; The temporary storage component serves as a buffer between the straightening and cleaning processes, which can balance the rhythm differences between the previous and subsequent processes and improve the overall coordination of the production line.

[0041] Please refer to the attached Figure 8-9 The gear cleaning assembly 3 includes a cleaning pool 31 embedded in the base plate 1, and the cleaning pool 31 is located on the side of the gear temporary storage assembly away from the upright member; A vibration plate 32 is disposed transversely within the cleaning tank 31. A plurality of sliding holes 32b are formed symmetrically at the four corners of the two sides of the vibration plate 32 in the transverse direction. A spring 34 is disposed at the bottom of each sliding hole 32b. A plurality of sliding rods 35 are disposed transversely on the inner wall of the cleaning tank 31, extending into the sliding holes 32b in a one-to-one correspondence. A mounting cavity 32a is formed within the vibration plate 32, and a vibration motor 33 is disposed on the wall of the mounting cavity 32a. The first limiting rod 212 is parallel to the base plate 1, and the extension direction of each sliding hole 32b on the vibration plate 32 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first limiting rod 212; a brush plate 36 with bristles is detachably provided on the side of the vibration plate 32 facing away from the bottom of the cleaning tank 31; A ring-shaped cleaning water pipe 37 is provided in the cleaning pool 31, and the cleaning water pipe 37 is connected to the cleaning water pump. The cleaning water pipe 37 is located above the vibration plate 32. A plurality of cleaning nozzles 38 are provided on the side of the cleaning water pipe 37 away from the wall of the cleaning pool 31. The nozzles of the cleaning nozzles 38 are directed toward the center line of the brush plate 36 to flush the gears passing through the cleaning pool 31.

[0042] The vibration motor 33 drives the brush plate 36 to generate high-frequency vibration (combined with the spring 34-slide rod 35 structure), so that the bristles brush the gear teeth along the extension direction of the gear teeth, effectively removing adherent oil stains, and its effect is better than traditional static brushing. The cleaning liquid flows in the cleaning water pipe 37, and the cleaning nozzle 38 performs high-pressure washing on the outer wall of the gear. The gear cleaning assembly 3 also includes a cleaning control module for controlling the operation of the cleaning water pump and the vibration motor 33. When the cleaning control module detects that the gear is located in the cleaning tank 31, the cleaning control module controls the cleaning water pump and the vibration motor 33 to operate; The detachable brush plate 36 is designed to facilitate the regular replacement of worn bristles, avoid the decline in cleaning effect caused by the aging of the bristles, and reduce the maintenance cost at the same time.

[0043] Please refer to the appendix Figure 8 , the gear rinsing assembly 4 includes a rinsing pool 41 embedded on the substrate 1, and the rinsing pool 41 is located on the side of the cleaning pool 31 away from the gear temporary storage assembly; An annular rinsing water pipe 43 and an annular air pipe 42 are provided in the rinsing pool 41, and the air pipe 42 is located above the rinsing water pipe 43; the rinsing water pipe 43 is connected to a rinsing water pump, and a plurality of rinsing nozzles are evenly spaced and distributed on the outer wall of the rinsing water pipe 43, and the spray nozzles of the rinsing nozzles face the annular center direction of the rinsing water pipe 43; the spray nozzles of the rinsing nozzles face the inside of the rinsing water pipe 43; The air pipe 42 is connected to an air pump, and a plurality of air jet heads are evenly spaced and distributed on the outer wall of the air pipe 42, and the spray nozzles of the air jet heads face the inside of the air pipe 42.

[0044] Rinsing water flows in the rinsing water pipe 43. The gear rinsing assembly 4 further includes a rinsing control module for controlling the operation of the rinsing water pump and the air pump. When the rinsing control module monitors that the gear is located between the rinsing water pipes 43, the rinsing control module controls the rinsing water pump to work to rinse the gear. When the rinsing control module monitors that the gear is located between the air pipes 42, it controls the air pump to work to perform preliminary water removal on the gear with an air knife.

[0045] Please refer to the appendix Figure 8 , the gear drying part 5 includes a discharge conveyor belt 51 and a drying chamber 52 covering the discharge conveyor belt 51; The drying chamber 52 is of a "冂" - shaped structure, and the two openings of the "冂" - shaped drying chamber 52 are located in the conveying direction of the discharge conveyor belt 51. A hot air blower for blowing air towards the discharge conveyor belt 51 is provided in the drying chamber 52. The discharge conveyor belt 51 is located on the side of the rinsing pool 41 away from the cleaning pool 31, and the discharge conveyor belt 51 is used to convey the gear to the pre - oxidation furnace.

[0046] The hot air blower blows air along the direction of the discharge conveyor belt 51 to form a forced convection field, accelerating the evaporation of moisture on the surface of the gear. The "冂" - shaped structure of the drying chamber 52 reduces heat dissipation. The air flow distribution design in the drying chamber 52 (such as a multi - air - inlet layout) ensures that all parts of the gear are heated evenly, avoiding changes in material properties caused by local overheating.

[0047] Please refer to the appendix Figure 2The gear conveying assembly 6 includes a base column 61 vertically and slidably arranged on the base plate 1. The sliding direction of the base column 61 is in the same direction as the distribution direction of the cleaning pool 31 and the rinsing pool 41. The base plate 1 is provided with an electric screw slide 613 for driving the base column 61 to move on the base plate 1. The end of the base column 61 away from the base plate 1 is laterally provided with a large arm 62. The large arm 62 extends above the distribution direction of the cleaning pool 31 and the rinsing pool 41. A base block 64 is slidably provided on the lower side of the large arm 62. The base block 64 is close to A fourth hydraulic cylinder 63 is connected to one side of the base column 61 for driving the base block 64 to move toward or away from the side of the base column 61. A mounting plate 67 is provided below the base block 64. The mounting plate 67 and the base block 64 are connected via a fifth hydraulic cylinder 65. The fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 is used to drive the mounting plate 67 to move up and down toward or away from the side of the base block 64. An anti-falling plate 612 is provided at the end of the base column 61 close to the base plate 1, which is buckled on the bottom of the base plate 1. The anti-falling plate 612 is used to prevent the base column 61 from tipping over. A second servo motor 66 is mounted on the mounting plate 67. The output shaft of the second servo motor 66 faces away from the base block 64. The output shaft of the second servo motor 66 is connected to a transversely arranged grabbing rod 610 through a right-angle transmission box 68. The grabbing rod 610 is located on the side of the right-angle transmission box 68 away from the base column 61, and the direction of the grabbing rod 610 is the same as that of the upper arm 62. A waterproof electromagnet 611 is embedded in the grab bar 610, and a waterproof conductive slip ring 69 is provided on the outer wall of the grab bar 610 for supplying power to the waterproof electromagnet 611. A "C"-shaped pick-up plate 614 is provided on the side of the discharge conveyor 51 near the rinsing tank 41, and the "C"-shaped opening of the pick-up plate 614 faces the drying chamber 52. The pick-up plate 614 is located on the conveying path of the discharge conveyor 51. The gear conveying assembly 6 also includes a visual recognition module and a conveying drive module; The conveying drive module is used to control the operation of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 63, the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65, the second servo motor 66, the electric screw slide 613 and the waterproof electromagnet 611; The visual recognition module is used to collect and analyze images of the gear located between the first limiting rod 212 and the second limiting rod 213, detect the central circular hole of the gear and determine the spatial coordinates of its axis; Based on the spatial coordinates of the axis, a movement control instruction is generated and sent to the conveying drive module. The conveying drive module schedules the grabbing rod 610 to extend into the center hole of the gear along the axis of the center hole of the gear, and energizes the waterproof electromagnet 611 to achieve the grabbing of the gear.

[0048] Submillimeter positioning: The visual recognition module, combined with deep learning algorithms (such as YOLOv5), can complete the spatial coordinate identification of the gear center hole within 200ms, with a positioning accuracy of ±0.3mm, significantly superior to traditional mechanical positioning methods.

[0049] Multi-degree-of-freedom coordination: The four-axis linkage of the electric screw slide 613 (X-axis), the fourth hydraulic cylinder 63 (Y-axis), the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 (Z-axis) and the second servo motor 66 (rotation axis) enables precise grasping and posture adjustment of gears in three-dimensional space, ensuring that the bristles fit perfectly with the tooth grooves during brushing.

[0050] Waterproof reliability: The combination design of waterproof electromagnet 611 and conductive slip ring can maintain stable power supply in wet cleaning environment, avoiding grasping failure caused by short circuit.

[0051] Intelligent process control: The conveyor drive module dynamically adjusts the motion parameters of each axis based on the preset cleaning time and visual feedback, achieving closed-loop control of the entire process from grasping to release, reducing human intervention errors.

[0052] In the gear grabbing step, after the visual recognition module identifies the position of the gear hole, the conveying drive module controls the electric screw slide 613 to drive the base column 61 to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 moves above the axis of the gear center hole and stops; Then the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 is controlled to extend to drive the grabbing rod 610 to descend until the visual recognition module detects that the axis of the grabbing rod 610 coincides with the axis of the gear center hole, and then stops; After the axis of the grabbing rod 610 coincides with the axis of the gear center hole, the fourth hydraulic cylinder 63 drives the base block 64 to move away from the base column 61 until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 has entered the gear center hole and stops. Next, the waterproof electromagnet 611 is energized to adsorb the gear; Next, the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 contracts to drive the grabbing rod 610 to move toward the side away from the substrate 1, thereby driving the gear to move toward the side away from the substrate 1, so that the gear is suspended in the air; Next, the electric screw slide 613 drives the base column 61 to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grab bar 610 moves to above the cleaning tank 31 and stops; Next, the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 extends to extend the grabbing rod 610 into the cleaning tank 31 until the visual recognition module detects that the gear is in contact with the brush of the brush plate 36. Then, the conveying drive module controls the second servo motor 66 to rotate to drive the grabbing rod 610 to rotate, further driving the gear to rotate in the cleaning tank 31 so that the brush plate 36 brushes each tooth groove of the gear. The conveying drive module controls the residence time of the grabbing rod 610 in the cleaning tank 31. Next, after the grabbing rod 610 stays in the cleaning tank 31 for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 moves upward out of the cleaning tank 31 and stops; Next, the electric screw slide 613 drives the base column 61 to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grab bar 610 moves to above the rinsing tank 41 and stops; Next, the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 extends to allow the grabbing rod 610 to extend into the rinsing tank 41 until the visual recognition module detects that the gear is located between the rinsing pipes 43 and stops. Then, the conveying drive module controls the second servo motor 66 to rotate to drive the grabbing rod 610 to rotate, further driving the gear to rotate in the rinsing tank 41, so that the rinsing nozzles flush and rinse all surfaces of the gear. The conveying drive module controls the residence time of the grabbing rod 610 between the rinsing pipes 43. Next, after the grabbing rod 610 has stayed between the rinsing water pipes 43 for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 is between the air pipes 42 and stops. The conveying drive module then controls the second servo motor 66 to rotate, driving the grabbing rod 610, which in turn drives the gears to rotate within the rinsing tank 41, so that the jet head sprays air on each surface of the gear, thereby preliminarily removing any remaining water stains on the gear surface with high-pressure airflow. The conveying drive module controls the dwell time of the grabbing rod 610 between the air pipes 42. Next, after the grabbing rod 610 stays between the air pipes 42 for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 is located in the rinsing tank 41 and stops; Next, the conveying drive module controls the electric screw slide 613 and the base column 61 to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 moves to above the material picking plate 614 and stops; In the next step, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 to extend until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 contacts the edge of the picking plate 614. At this time, the gear is located in the C-shaped area of ​​the picking plate 614 and above the discharge conveyor belt 51; the conveying drive module controls the waterproof electromagnet 611 to cut off the power, and at the same time the fourth hydraulic cylinder 63 contracts to drive the base block 64 to move toward the side close to the base column 61, and at the same time drives the grabbing rod 610 to move, so that the picking plate 614 scrapes the gear on the grabbing rod 610, so that the gear falls from the grabbing rod 610 to the discharge conveyor belt 51, completing the cleaning of the gear.

[0053] The present invention also proposes a single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment production line, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned pre-cleaning machines. The carburizing heat treatment production line is used to perform carburizing treatment on gears. The device for carburizing the gears in the production line includes an upper and lower roller table and a conveyor device that are connected in sequence and allow the gears to pass through in sequence and perform heat treatment on the gears, a pre-cleaning machine, a pre-oxidation furnace, a heating furnace, a heating carburizing furnace, a cooling furnace, a quenching chamber, a secondary heating furnace, a double-station quenching oil tank, a post-cleaning machine, a push-plate tempering furnace, and an air cooling table; It also includes a control system and production line automation and computer monitoring management system for controlling the upper and lower material roller tables and conveying devices, front cleaning machine, pre-oxidation furnace, heating furnace, heating carburizing furnace, cooling furnace, rapid cooling chamber, secondary heating furnace, double-station quenching oil tank, post-cleaning machine, push-plate tempering furnace and air cooling table respectively.

[0054] The present invention also proposes a single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment method, which uses the above-mentioned single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment production line, including the following steps: S1: The upper and lower roller tables and conveying devices transport the gears to the feed conveyor belt 21; S2: The first hydraulic cylinder 24 is used to adjust the distance between the main vertical rod 22 and the auxiliary vertical rod 23 to adapt to the thickness of the gear; S3: The feed conveyor 21 transports the gear to between the push plate 25 and the main upright rod 22. When the detection drive module detects that the gear is between the push plate 25 and the main upright rod 22, it drives the second hydraulic cylinder 26 to push the push plate 25 toward the side close to the main upright rod 22, pushing the gear to tilt. Under the push of the gear pushing assembly, the gear is gradually erected under the action of the upright arc surface 22a. S4: The visual recognition module collects images of the erected gear and determines the spatial coordinates of its central circular hole; S5: After the visual recognition module identifies the position of the gear hole, the conveying drive module controls the electric screw slide 613 to drive the base column 61 to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 moves above the axis of the gear center hole and stops; Then the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 is controlled to extend to drive the grabbing rod 610 to descend until the visual recognition module detects that the axis of the grabbing rod 610 coincides with the axis of the gear center hole, and then stops; After the axis of the grabbing rod 610 coincides with the axis of the gear center hole, the fourth hydraulic cylinder 63 drives the base block 64 to move away from the base column 61 until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 has entered the gear center hole and stops. The waterproof electromagnet 611 is energized to attract the gear. S6: The fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 contracts to drive the grabbing rod 610 to move toward the side away from the substrate 1, thereby driving the gear to move toward the side away from the substrate 1, so that the gear is suspended in the air; the electric screw slide 613 drives the base column 61 to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 moves to the top of the cleaning tank 31 and stops; S7: The fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 extends to allow the grabbing rod 610 to extend into the cleaning tank 31 until the visual recognition module detects that the gear is in contact with the brush of the brush plate 36. Then, the conveying drive module controls the second servo motor 66 to rotate to drive the grabbing rod 610 to rotate, further driving the gear to rotate in the cleaning tank 31. The vibration motor 33 drives the brush plate 36 to vibrate at a high frequency, cooperating with the bristles to brush along the tooth groove direction; then, the high-pressure nozzle of the annular cleaning water pipe 37 is used for flushing to remove residual oil between the teeth and the tooth roots, so that the brush plate 36 can brush each tooth groove of the gear. The conveying drive module controls the residence time of the grabbing rod 610 in the cleaning tank 31. After the grabbing rod 610 stays in the cleaning tank 31 for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 moves upward out of the cleaning tank 31 and stops; S8: The electric screw slide 613 drives the base column 61 to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 moves to the top of the rinsing tank 41 and stops; the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 extends to allow the grabbing rod 610 to extend into the rinsing tank 41 until the visual recognition module detects that the gear is between the rinsing water pipes 43 and stops. Then, the conveying drive module controls the second servo motor 66 to rotate to drive the grabbing rod 610 to rotate, further driving the gear to rotate in the rinsing tank 41, so that the rinsing nozzle flushes and rinses all surfaces of the gear. The conveying drive module controls the residence time of the grabbing rod 610 between the rinsing water pipes 43; S9: After the grabbing rod 610 has stayed between the rinsing water pipes 43 for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 is between the air pipes 42 and stops. The conveying drive module then controls the second servo motor 66 to rotate, driving the grabbing rod 610 to rotate, further driving the gear to rotate within the rinsing tank 41, so that the jet head sprays air on each surface of the gear, thereby preliminarily removing any water stains remaining on the gear surface with high-pressure airflow. The conveying drive module controls the residence time of the grabbing rod 610 between the air pipes 42. S10: After the grabbing rod 610 stays between the air pipes 42 for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 is located in the rinsing tank 41 and stops; S11: The conveying drive module controls the electric screw slide 613 to drive the base column 61 to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 moves to above the material removal plate 614 and stops; S12: The conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder 65 to extend until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod 610 contacts the edge of the picking plate 614. At this time, the gear is located in the C-shaped area of ​​the picking plate 614 and above the discharge conveyor belt 51. The conveying drive module controls the waterproof electromagnet 611 to be powered off. At the same time, the fourth hydraulic cylinder 63 contracts to drive the base block 64 to move toward the side close to the base column 61, and at the same time drives the grabbing rod 610 to move, so that the picking plate 614 scrapes the gear on the grabbing rod 610, so that the gear falls from the grabbing rod 610 to the discharge conveyor belt 51. S13: The discharging conveyor belt 51 drives the gears to move into the drying chamber 52. The hot air blower in the drying chamber 52 performs hot air convection drying on the gears. Then, the discharging conveyor belt 51 transports the dried gears to the pre-oxidation furnace. S14: On the production line, the gears pass through the pre-oxidation furnace, heating furnace, heating carburizing furnace, cooling furnace, quenching chamber, secondary heating furnace, double-station quenching oil tank, post-cleaning machine, push-plate tempering furnace and air cooling table in sequence to complete the carburizing heat treatment of the gears; the control system, production line automation and computer monitoring management system control the time and temperature of the gears in each step.

[0055] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made based on the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Single row continuous push plate carburizing heat treatment cleaning machine, characterized by: It includes a horizontally arranged substrate, on which a gear straightening part, a gear cleaning part and a gear drying part are sequentially distributed; the gear cleaning part includes a gear conveying component, a gear cleaning component and a gear rinsing component; The gear straightening part is used to receive the gears conveyed by the upper and lower roller tables and the conveying device, and to straighten the lying gears upright; The gear cleaning assembly includes a brushing assembly and a flushing assembly, which are used to clean the gear surface by brushing and flushing; The gear rinsing assembly is used to rinse the gears after being cleaned by the gear cleaning assembly; The gear drying section is used to dry the gears and transport the dried gears into the pre-oxidation furnace; The gear conveying assembly is used to grab the gear in an upright state on the gear straightening part, and drive the gear to enter the gear cleaning assembly and the gear rinsing assembly in sequence, and finally send the gear to the gear drying part.

2. The single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment pre-cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear straightening part includes an upright member arranged transversely on a base plate and a feed conveyor belt connected to the base plate, and the upright member includes a main upright rod and an auxiliary upright rod arranged transversely and in parallel; The feed conveyor belt is located on one side of the length direction of the main vertical pole, and is used to receive materials transported by the upper and lower roller tables and the conveying device and transport the materials between the main vertical pole and the auxiliary vertical pole; The main vertical rod is fixedly connected to the base plate, the auxiliary vertical rod is slidably connected to the base plate, and a first hydraulic cylinder is provided on the side of the auxiliary vertical rod away from the main vertical rod for pushing the auxiliary vertical rod to move toward or away from the main vertical rod; A vertical arc surface is formed on one side of the main vertical rod close to the auxiliary vertical rod, and a vertical surface is formed on one side of the auxiliary vertical rod close to the main vertical rod; The vertical arc surface is inclined in the vertical direction toward the side away from the auxiliary vertical rod, and the inclination angle of the vertical arc surface gradually decreases toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt, and eventually tends to a vertical state; The gear straightening part also includes a gear tilting component that pushes the gear to move toward the side of the vertical arc surface when the gear is located between the main vertical rod and the auxiliary vertical rod so that the gear tilts upward on the side away from the auxiliary vertical rod; and also includes a gear pushing component for driving the tilted gear to move toward the side away from the feed conveyor belt.

3. The single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment pre-cleaning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear tilting assembly includes a push plate provided on the side of the secondary vertical rod close to the feed conveyor belt, wherein the distance from the side of the push plate facing away from the secondary vertical rod to the side of the secondary vertical rod facing away from the push plate is the same as the length of the main vertical rod; A second hydraulic cylinder is provided on the side of the push plate facing away from the main vertical rod for pushing the push plate to move toward or away from the main vertical rod; The gear tilting assembly further comprises a detection driving module, which drives the second hydraulic cylinder to push the push plate toward a side close to the main upright pole when detecting that the gear is located between the push plate and the main upright pole.

4. The single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment pre-cleaning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear pushing assembly includes a carrier box with an opening in the side wall, the carrier box is located on the side of the main vertical rod away from the secondary vertical rod, the opening of the carrier box faces the main vertical rod, two transmission gears are rotatably arranged in the carrier box, the two transmission gears are connected by a transmission chain, the rotation direction of the two transmission gears is in the same direction as the extension direction of the main vertical rod, a first servo motor is provided on the side of the carrier box away from the main vertical rod, and the output shaft of the first servo motor is connected to any one of the transmission gears; The side wall of the transmission chain near the opening of the carrier box is connected to a push rod, and one end of the push rod near the opening of the carrier box extends out of the carrier box and extends between the main upright rod and the auxiliary upright rod; the inner wall of the opening of the carrier box is surrounded by a depression to form an annular slide, and the outer wall of the push rod is provided with a slider for sliding in the annular slide; The distance between the two transmission gears is greater than the length of the main vertical rod; The gear storage assembly is further provided on a side of the upright member facing away from the feed conveyor belt, the gear storage assembly including a first limiting rod and a second limiting rod provided in parallel, the first limiting rod being fixedly connected to the base plate, and a third hydraulic cylinder for driving the second limiting rod to move toward or away from the first limiting rod is connected to a side of the second limiting rod facing away from the first limiting rod; The side of the first limiting rod close to the second limiting rod is located on the same extended plane as the side of the main vertical rod. The extension direction of the first limiting rod is the same as the extension direction of the main vertical rod. The side of the first limiting rod facing away from the main vertical rod is provided with a baffle for blocking the gear. The first limiting rod is in clearance fit with the main vertical rod.

5. The single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment pre-cleaning machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear cleaning assembly includes a cleaning pool embedded in the base plate, and the cleaning pool is located on the side of the gear temporary storage assembly away from the upright member; A vibration plate is provided transversely in the cleaning tank, and a plurality of sliding holes are formed by symmetrical transverse depressions at the four corners on both sides of the vibration plate in the transverse direction, a spring is provided at the bottom of each sliding hole, and a plurality of sliding rods are provided transversely on the inner wall of the cleaning tank, which extend into the sliding holes in a one-to-one correspondence; an installation cavity is formed in the vibration plate, and a vibration motor is provided on the cavity wall of the installation cavity; The extending direction of the sliding hole on the vibration plate is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first limiting rod; a brush plate with bristles is detachably provided on the side of the vibration plate facing away from the bottom of the cleaning tank; A ring-shaped cleaning water pipe is provided in the cleaning pool, and the cleaning water pipe is connected to the cleaning water pump. The cleaning water pipe is located above the vibration plate. A plurality of cleaning nozzles are provided on the side of the cleaning water pipe away from the wall of the cleaning pool. The nozzles of the cleaning nozzles are directed toward the center line of the brush plate to flush the gears passing through the cleaning pool.

6. The single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment pre-cleaning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gear rinsing assembly includes a rinsing tank embedded in the base plate, and the rinsing tank is located on the side of the cleaning tank away from the gear temporary storage assembly; The rinsing tank is provided with an annular rinsing water pipe and an annular air pipe, the air pipe is located above the rinsing water pipe; the rinsing water pipe is connected to a rinsing water pump, and a plurality of rinsing nozzles are evenly spaced and connected to the outer wall of the rinsing water pipe, with the nozzles of the rinsing nozzles facing the inside of the rinsing water pipe; The trachea is connected to an air pump. A plurality of jet nozzles are evenly and spacedly distributed and connected to the outer wall of the trachea, and the jet ports of the jet nozzles face the inside of the trachea.

7. The single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment pre-cleaning machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gear drying section includes a discharge conveyor belt and a drying chamber covering the upper part of the discharge conveyor belt; The drying chamber has a "冂"-shaped structure, and the two ends of the "冂"-shaped drying chamber are open in the conveying direction of the discharge conveyor belt. A hot air blower for blowing air towards the discharge conveyor belt is provided in the drying chamber. The discharge conveyor belt is located on the side of the rinsing tank背离 the cleaning tank, and the discharge conveyor belt is used to convey the gears to the pre-oxidation furnace.

8. The single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment pre-cleaning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gear conveying assembly includes a base column vertically and slidably arranged on the substrate. The sliding direction of the base column is the same as the distribution direction of the cleaning tank and the rinsing tank. An electric screw rod slide table for driving the base column to move on the substrate is provided on the substrate. A large arm is horizontally provided at one end of the base column背离 the substrate, and the large arm extends above the distribution direction of the cleaning tank and the rinsing tank. A base block is slidably provided on the lower side of the large arm. A fourth hydraulic cylinder for driving the base block to move towards or away from the base column is connected to one side of the base block靠近 the base column. An installation plate is provided below the base block, and the installation plate and the base block are connected by a fifth hydraulic cylinder. The fifth hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the installation plate to lift towards or away from the base block; A reverse baffle is provided at one end of the base column靠近 the substrate and buckles on the bottom of the substrate. The reverse baffle is used to prevent the base column from tipping over; A second servo motor is installed on the installation plate, and the output shaft of the second servo motor faces背离 the base block. The output shaft of the second servo motor is connected to a horizontally arranged grasping rod through a right-angle transmission box. The grasping rod is located on the side of the right-angle transmission box背离 the base column, and the orientation of the grasping rod is the same as the orientation of the large arm; A waterproof electromagnet is embedded in the grasping rod, and a waterproof conductive slip ring for supplying power to the waterproof electromagnet is provided on the outer wall of the grasping rod; A "C"-shaped material taking plate is provided on the side of the discharge conveyor belt靠近 the rinsing tank, and the "C" shape opening of the material taking plate faces the drying chamber; The material taking plate is located on the conveying path of the discharge conveyor belt; The gear conveying assembly further includes a visual recognition module and a conveying driving module; The conveying driving module is used to control the fourth hydraulic cylinder, the fifth hydraulic cylinder, the second servo motor, the electric screw rod slide table and the waterproof electromagnet to work; The visual recognition module is used to collect and analyze images of the gears located between the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod, detect the central circular holes of the gears and determine the spatial coordinates of their axis lines; Based on the spatial coordinates of the axis line, a movement control instruction is generated and sent to the conveying driving module. The conveying driving module schedules the grasping rod to extend into the central circular hole of the gear along the axis line of the central circular hole of the gear, and the gear is grasped by energizing the waterproof electromagnet.

9. Single row continuous push plate carburizing heat treatment production line, characterized in that: Applicable to the pre-cleaning machine as described in any one of claims 2 to 8; the carburizing heat treatment production line is used to perform carburizing treatment on gears, and the device for carburizing the gears in the production line includes an upper and lower roller table and a conveyor device connected in sequence and allowing the gears to pass through in sequence and perform heat treatment processing on the gears, a pre-cleaning machine, a pre-oxidation furnace, a heating furnace, a heating carburizing furnace, a cooling furnace, a quenching chamber, a secondary heating furnace, a double-station quenching oil tank, a post-cleaning machine, a push-plate tempering furnace and an air cooling table; It also includes a control system and production line automation and computer monitoring management system for controlling the upper and lower material roller tables and conveying devices, front cleaning machine, pre-oxidation furnace, heating furnace, heating carburizing furnace, cooling furnace, rapid cooling chamber, secondary heating furnace, double-station quenching oil tank, post-cleaning machine, push-plate tempering furnace and air cooling table respectively.

10. Single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment method, characterized in that: The single-row continuous push-plate carburizing heat treatment production line as claimed in claim 9 comprises the following steps: S1: The upper and lower roller tables and conveying devices transport the gears to the feed conveyor belt; S2: Adjust the distance between the main vertical rod and the auxiliary vertical rod through the first hydraulic cylinder to adapt to the thickness of the gear; S3: The feed conveyor conveys the gear to between the push plate and the main vertical rod. When the detection drive module detects that the gear is between the push plate and the main vertical rod, it drives the second hydraulic cylinder to push the push plate toward the side close to the main vertical rod, pushing the gear to tilt. Under the push of the gear pushing assembly, the gear is gradually erected under the action of the vertical arc surface; S4: The visual recognition module collects images of the erected gear and determines the spatial coordinates of its central circular hole; S5: After the visual recognition module identifies the position of the gear hole, the conveying drive module controls the electric screw slide to drive the base column to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod moves above the axis of the gear center hole and stops; Then the fifth hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend to drive the grabbing rod to descend until the visual recognition module detects that the axis of the grabbing rod coincides with the axis of the gear center hole, and then stops; After the axis of the grabbing rod coincides with the axis of the gear center hole, the fourth hydraulic cylinder drives the base block to move away from the base column until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod has entered the gear center hole and stops; the waterproof electromagnet is energized to adsorb the gear; S6: The fifth hydraulic cylinder contracts to drive the grabbing rod to move toward the side away from the substrate, thereby driving the gear to move toward the side away from the substrate, so that the gear is suspended in the air; the electric screw slide drives the base column to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod moves to the top of the cleaning tank and stops; S7: The fifth hydraulic cylinder extends to extend the grabbing rod into the cleaning tank until the visual recognition module detects that the gear is in contact with the brush of the brush plate. Then, the conveying drive module controls the second servo motor to rotate to drive the grabbing rod to rotate, further driving the gear to rotate in the cleaning tank. The vibration motor drives the brush plate to vibrate at a high frequency, cooperating with the bristles to brush along the tooth groove direction. The high-pressure nozzle of the annular cleaning water pipe is then used to flush to remove residual oil between the teeth and the tooth roots, so that the brush plate can brush each tooth groove of the gear. The conveying drive module controls the residence time of the grabbing rod in the cleaning tank. After the grabbing rod stays in the cleaning tank for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod moves upward out of the cleaning tank and stops; S8: The electric screw slide drives the base column to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod has moved to the top of the rinsing tank and stops; the fifth hydraulic cylinder extends to allow the grabbing rod to extend into the rinsing tank until the visual recognition module detects that the gear is located between the rinsing water pipes and stops. Then, the conveying drive module controls the second servo motor to rotate to drive the grabbing rod to rotate, further driving the gear to rotate in the rinsing tank, so that the rinsing nozzle flushes and rinses all surfaces of the gear. The conveying drive module controls the residence time of the grabbing rod between the rinsing water pipes; S9: After the grabbing rod has stayed between the rinsing water pipes for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod is between the air pipes and stops. The conveying drive module then controls the second servo motor to rotate to drive the grabbing rod, which in turn drives the gear to rotate in the rinsing tank, so that the jet head sprays air on each surface of the gear to preliminarily remove water stains remaining on the gear surface through high-pressure airflow. The conveying drive module controls the time the grabbing rod stays between the air pipes. S10: After the grabbing rod stays between the air pipes for a preset time, the conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder to retract until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod is located in the rinsing tank and stops; S11: The conveying drive module controls the electric screw slide to drive the base column to move until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod moves to the top of the material removal plate and stops; S12: The conveying drive module controls the fifth hydraulic cylinder to extend until the visual recognition module detects that the grabbing rod contacts the edge of the retrieving plate. At this time, the gear is located in the C-shaped area of ​​the retrieving plate and above the discharge conveyor belt. The conveying drive module controls the waterproof electromagnet to be powered off. At the same time, the fourth hydraulic cylinder contracts to drive the base block toward the side close to the base column, and at the same time drives the grabbing rod to move, so that the retrieving plate scrapes the gear on the grabbing rod, so that the gear falls from the grabbing rod to the discharge conveyor belt. S13: The discharging conveyor belt drives the gears to move into the drying chamber, where the hot air blower in the drying chamber performs hot air convection drying on the gears. The discharging conveyor belt then transports the dried gears to the pre-oxidation furnace. S14: On the production line, the gears pass through a pre-oxidation furnace, a heating furnace, a heating carburizing furnace, a cooling furnace, a quenching chamber, a secondary heating furnace, a double-station quenching oil tank, a post-cleaning machine, a push-plate tempering furnace, and an air cooling station to complete the carburizing heat treatment of the gears. The control system, production line automation, and computer monitoring and management system control the time and temperature of the gears in each step.

Images