Ditch digging device for water conservancy project

Abstract

The ditch digging device for the water conservancy project comprises a movable base, the movable base comprises a rack and electric crawler belts arranged on the two sides of the rack, a containing hole is formed in the middle of the rack, and the depth direction of the containing hole is arranged in the height direction of the rack; the digging mechanism is located in the containing hole, the digging mechanism comprises a fixed disc and a rotating disc rotationally connected with the fixed disc, and a plurality of buckets are arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating disc at intervals; the first driving mechanism is fixedly arranged on one axial side of the fixed disc and is used for driving the rotating disc to rotate; the two second driving mechanisms are used for driving the digging mechanism to ascend and descend in the containing hole, and the two axial sides of the fixing disc are movably connected with the rack through the two second driving mechanisms correspondingly; and the slicking mechanism is located in the containing hole, and the slicking mechanism is connected with the second driving mechanism so as to be used for carrying out slicking operation on the ditch excavated by the bucket. According to the invention, the consistency of the vertical digging depth of the bucket and the stability of the digging track of the bucket can be ensured, and the digging deviation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and in particular to a ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects. Background Art

[0002] In water conservancy engineering systems, excavation equipment is usually required to dig ditches. As ditches are key infrastructure for water resource transportation, irrigation and drainage, and flood control and drainage, the flatness and stability of the ditches are directly related to their water delivery efficiency and engineering safety.

[0003] Existing ditch excavation devices are usually equipped with a fixed bucket structure to carry out ditch excavation operations. The connection angle between the bucket and the mechanical arm is fixed. During the excavation process, the operator needs to frequently manipulate the mechanical arm to perform complex movements, adjusting the bucket's excavation depth and angle through a combination of lifting, retracting, and swinging the mechanical arm. However, this operation method not only places high technical requirements on the operator, but also has a cumbersome operation process, which can easily lead to excavation deviations. At the same time, the device only has a single excavation function and lacks a structure for leveling the ditch. Manual leveling is required, resulting in low overall operating efficiency and increased construction costs, making it difficult to meet the large-scale and high-efficiency construction needs of modern water conservancy projects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects, aiming to solve the technical problem that the existing ditch excavation device is usually equipped with a fixed bucket structure to carry out ditch excavation operations. During the excavation process, the technical requirements for the operator are high, and the operation process is cumbersome, and excavation deviations are very likely to occur; at the same time, there is a lack of a structure for leveling the ditch, and manual leveling is required, resulting in low overall operation efficiency.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects, comprising: The mobile base includes a frame and electric crawlers provided on both sides of the frame, wherein a receiving hole is provided in the middle of the frame, and the depth direction of the receiving hole is arranged along the height direction of the frame; an excavation mechanism located in the receiving hole, the excavation mechanism comprising a fixed disk and a rotating disk rotatably connected to the fixed disk, a plurality of buckets being spaced apart on a circumferential outer wall of the rotating disk; A first driving mechanism is fixedly arranged on one side of the fixed disk in the axial direction and is used to drive the rotating disk to rotate; Two second driving mechanisms are used to drive the excavation mechanism to move up and down in the receiving hole, and the two sides of the fixed plate are movably connected to the frame through the two second driving mechanisms respectively; A scraping mechanism is located in the accommodating hole and is connected to the second driving mechanism for scraping the ditch excavated by the bucket.

[0006] In addition, the above-mentioned ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: Furthermore, the first driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a gear fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and a ring gear meshing with the gear, the driving motor is fixed on one axial side of the fixed disk, and a mounting ring is provided on one axial side of the rotating disk, and the ring gear is fixed on the mounting ring.

[0007] Furthermore, the second driving mechanism includes a hydraulic rod, a connecting plate connected to the movable end of the hydraulic rod, and two first sliding rods provided on both radial sides of the hydraulic rod, wherein the axial directions of the hydraulic rod and the first sliding rods are both provided along the height direction of the frame, and the fixed end of the hydraulic rod is fixed to the frame; The top end of the first slide rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the bottom end of the first slide rod is slidably connected to the frame, the length direction of the connecting plate is arranged along the length direction of the frame, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to one side surface of the fixed disk in the axial direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the scraping mechanism includes a scraping frame, two second sliding rods fixedly arranged at both ends of the scraping frame, a connecting block fixedly connected to one end of the second sliding rod away from the scraping frame, a connecting rod connected to the connecting block, and a limit plate connected to the connecting rod, the scraping frame is located directly below the frame, the second sliding rod is arranged along the height direction of the frame, one end of the second sliding rod is provided on the connecting block and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate in the second driving mechanism, and the connecting rod is arranged along the length direction of the frame; The rod body of the second sliding rod is slidably connected to the frame, and a spring is sleeved on one end of the second sliding rod connected to the scraping frame. Receiving grooves for accommodating the spring are respectively provided on both sides of the frame, and the receiving grooves and the receiving holes are independent of each other. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the scraping frame, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the scraping frame includes two mounting plates and two scraping plates, the two mounting plates are spaced apart along the width direction of the frame, the length direction of the mounting plate is arranged along the length direction of the frame, and one end of the mounting plate in the length direction is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second slide rod; The two scraping plates are spaced apart along the length direction of the frame at the other end of the length direction of the mounting plate. The scraping plate is a U-shaped structure. The two vertical parts of the scraping plate are fixedly connected to the two mounting plates respectively, and the horizontal part of the scraping plate is used to abut against the bottom wall of the ditch.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes two first reinforcement mechanisms for reinforcing and compacting the inner walls on both sides of the ditch, the two first reinforcement mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the scraper frame, the first reinforcement mechanism includes a guide ring, a first transmission rod, a first transmission arm fixedly connected to one end of the first transmission rod, a limit rod provided on the first transmission arm away from one end of the transmission rod, a second transmission arm, a guide rod slidably connected to the second transmission arm, and a first reinforcement plate fixed to one end of the second transmission arm, the guide ring is fixed on one side of the axial direction of the rotating disk, the guide ring is provided with an annular guide groove, the annular guide groove is a continuous wavy structure, and the other end of the first transmission rod is adapted to the annular guide groove; The first transmission arm is provided with one end of the transmission rod, which is slidably connected to the connecting rod in the scraping mechanism. The limit rod is arranged along the height direction of the frame. The other end of the second transmission arm is provided with a first guide hole. The first guide hole is a waist-shaped hole. The angle between the long axis direction of the first guide hole and the width direction of the frame is 30°-60°. The first guide hole is slidably connected to the limit rod. The guide rod is arranged along the width direction of the frame, and the axial ends of the guide rod are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the scraping frame in the scraping mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a second reinforcement mechanism for reinforcing and compacting the bottom wall of the ditch, the second reinforcement mechanism including a guide sleeve, a third slide bar arranged along the height direction of the frame, and a second reinforcement plate fixed to the bottom end of the third slide bar, the guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the guide bar through a fixing block, the top end of the third slide bar is movably inserted into the guide sleeve, and two second reinforcement plates are symmetrically provided on both sides of the second reinforcement plate; The side of the second reinforcement plate opposite to the third sliding rod is fixedly connected to one end of the guide plate, and the other end of the guide plate is provided with a second guide hole, the second guide hole is a waist-shaped hole, and the angle between the long axis direction of the second guide hole and the height direction of the frame is 30°-60°, the second guide hole is slidably connected to the end of the connecting frame, and the middle part of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the rod body of the third sliding rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the invention further comprises two cutting mechanisms, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axial direction of the rotating disk, and the cutting mechanisms include a fixing frame, a fixing plate and a plurality of saw blades, one end of the fixing frame is fixedly connected to one side surface of the axial direction of the fixing disk, and the other end of the fixing frame is fixedly connected to the fixing plate; The fixing plate is located at the bottom of the rotating disk, and a gap is provided between the fixing plate and the surface of the rotating disk. The fixing plate is an arc-shaped plate, and the arc center of the fixing plate coincides with the center of the rotating disk. The fixing plate is provided with a first guide groove, two second guide grooves respectively connected to the two ends of the first guide groove, and a third guide groove connected to the second guide groove. The first guide groove is a continuous wavy structure, and the third guide groove is a V-shaped opening structure. One end of the saw blade in the longitudinal direction is fixedly connected to one end of a second transmission rod, the second transmission rod is an L-shaped structure, and the other end of the second transmission rod is adapted to the first guide groove; In the axial direction of the rotating disk, mounting grooves for mounting the saw blade are respectively provided on the outer walls on both sides of the bucket, and the length direction of the groove opening of the mounting groove is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disk. A fixing sleeve is provided on the side of the mounting groove close to the center of the rotating disk, and the rod body at one end of the second transmission rod connected to the saw blade can be movably inserted into the fixing sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of first through holes are provided at intervals on the circumferential inner wall of the rotating disk, the first through holes are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the buckets, and the first through holes are communicated with the inner space of the buckets; A second through hole is provided on the top of the fixed disk, and the second through hole is used to dock with the first through hole. A funnel is provided on one axial side of the fixed disk, and the funnel is tilted, and the inlet end of the funnel is connected to the bottom of the second through hole.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a rolling mechanism, which is located in the second through hole. The rolling mechanism includes a rotating rod and a spiral blade spirally arranged along the axial direction of the rotating rod. One end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor, and the other end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the hole wall of the second through hole.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the water conservancy engineering ditch excavation device of the present invention are: By arranging an excavation mechanism and a second drive mechanism on the mobile base, the lifting and lowering of the excavation mechanism can be precisely controlled to ensure the consistency of the vertical depth of the bucket into the soil; combined with the design of the first drive mechanism, the rotating disk in the excavation mechanism can rotate at a uniform speed, making the bucket's excavation trajectory stable and significantly reducing the excavation deviation caused by manual operation of the robotic arm.

[0016] Furthermore, a scraping mechanism is set up to work synchronously with the excavation mechanism to achieve immediate leveling of the excavated ditch, greatly improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, by adding a first reinforcement mechanism and a second reinforcement mechanism, the inner side walls and bottom wall of the ditch are compacted and reinforced, achieving high-quality ditch formation, eliminating manual secondary reinforcement work, and reducing construction costs.

[0017] In addition, a cutting mechanism and a rolling mechanism are provided. During the bucket excavation process, the saw blade cutting in the cutting mechanism and the stirring and crushing of the spiral blades in the rolling mechanism are carried out simultaneously, thereby achieving the cutting of obstacles such as tree roots during the excavation process and the crushing of large blocks entering the bucket, effectively avoiding shutdowns caused by tree root entanglement and blockage of the funnel, and effectively ensuring the normal operation of the entire device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a ditch excavation device for a water conservancy project according to the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the excavation mechanism and the first driving mechanism in the ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the excavation mechanism and the first driving mechanism in the ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present invention; Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the excavation mechanism of the ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the second driving mechanism and the scraping mechanism in the ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the excavation mechanism, the second driving mechanism, the scraping mechanism and the first reinforcement mechanism in the ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first reinforcement mechanism in the ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first reinforcement mechanism and the second reinforcement mechanism in the ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the excavation mechanism and the cutting mechanism in the ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at A in the middle; Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism in the ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present invention; Figure 12It is a structural schematic diagram of the rolling mechanism in the ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present invention.

[0019] The above drawings include the following reference numerals: 10-mobile base; 11-frame; 12-electric crawler; 20-excavation mechanism; 21-fixed plate; 211-second through hole; 22-rotating plate; 221-mounting ring; 222-first through hole; 23-bucket; 24-funnel; 30-first drive mechanism; 31-drive motor; 32-gear; 33-gear ring; 40-second drive mechanism; 41-hydraulic rod; 42-connecting plate; 43-first slide bar; 50-scraping mechanism; 51-scraping frame; 511-mounting plate; 512-scraping plate; 52-second slide bar; 53-connecting block; 54-connecting rod; 55-limiting plate; 56-spring; 60-first reinforcement Mechanism; 61-guide ring; 611-annular guide groove; 62-first transmission rod; 63-first transmission arm; 64-limiting rod; 65-second transmission arm; 651-first guide hole; 66-guide rod; 67-first reinforcement plate; 70-second reinforcement mechanism; 71-guide sleeve; 72-third slide rod; 73-second reinforcement plate; 74-guide plate; 741-second guide hole; 75-connecting frame; 80-cutting mechanism; 81-fixed frame; 82-fixed plate; 821-first guide groove; 822-second guide groove; 823-third guide groove; 83-saw blade; 84-second transmission rod; 85-fixed sleeve; 90-rolling mechanism; 91-rotating rod; 92-spiral blade.

[0020] The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used in this specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0024] See also Figures 1 to 12 , shown is a ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects according to the present invention, comprising a mobile base 10, an excavation mechanism 20, two second drive mechanisms 40, and a scraping mechanism 50. The mobile base 10 comprises a frame 11 and electric crawler tracks 12 disposed on either side of the frame 11. A through-hole is provided in the center of the frame 11, the depth of which is arranged along the height of the frame 11. The hole is slightly larger than the maximum outer diameter and axial dimension of the excavation mechanism 20, ensuring smooth movement of the excavation mechanism 20 during lifting and lowering. In some embodiments, the electric crawler tracks 12 may utilize a combination of high-manganese steel track shoes and high-strength rubber track rings, with a track width of no less than 300 mm. This effectively reduces the ground contact pressure and ensures the stability of the device on muddy and soft ground.

[0025] As an example, the excavation mechanism 20 is used to excavate a ditch and is located within the receiving hole of the frame 11. The excavation mechanism 20 includes a fixed disk 21, a rotating disk 22 rotatably connected to the fixed disk 21, and a first drive mechanism 30 for driving the rotating disk 22 to rotate. A plurality of buckets 23 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the circumferential outer wall of the rotating disk 22, preferably 4 to 6 in number. Specifically, a mounting hole for mounting the fixed disk 21 is provided in the middle of the rotating disk 22. A plurality of first through holes 222 are spaced apart on the circumferential inner wall of the mounting hole. The first through holes 222 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the buckets 23, and the first through holes 222 are connected to the internal space of the buckets 23. A second through hole 211 is provided at the top of the fixed disk 21. The second through hole 211 is used to dock with the first through hole 222. The aperture of the second through hole 211 is slightly larger than that of the first through hole 222 to ensure smooth docking. A funnel 24 is provided on one axial side of the fixed plate 21. Funnel 24 is tilted, and its inlet is connected to the bottom of the second through hole 211. The angle between the axial direction of the funnel 24 and the height direction of the frame 11 is 30°-60°. As a specific example, in this embodiment, the angle between the axial direction of the funnel 24 and the height direction of the frame 11 is 45°. This allows excavated material in the bucket 23 to flow continuously through the first through hole 222 and the second through hole 211 into the funnel 24, effectively preventing accumulation and blockage of the excavated material.

[0026] Furthermore, the first drive mechanism 30 includes a drive motor 31, a gear 32 fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor 31 by a key connection, and a ring gear 33 meshing with the gear 32. The drive motor 31 is fixed to one axial side of the fixed disk 21 by bolts, and a mounting ring 221 is provided on one axial side of the rotating disk 22, and the ring gear 33 is fixed on the mounting ring 221.

[0027] Furthermore, in order to improve the excavation efficiency of the bucket 23 on the ground, the bucket 23 is cast from wear-resistant high-manganese steel. The soil-facing surface and the edges of the two side surfaces of the bucket 23 are respectively provided with a plurality of spaced serrations. The angle of the serrations is 30°-45°, the tooth depth of the serrations is 8mm-12mm, and the cutting edge of the serrations is quenched to a hardness of HRC50-55, so as to effectively crush hard soil blocks and small stones during the ditch excavation process.

[0028] As an example, the second drive mechanism 40 is used to drive the excavation mechanism 20 to move up and down within the receiving hole so that the bucket 23 can contact the ground to perform ditch excavation operations. The two axial sides of the fixed plate 21 are movably connected to the two sides of the width direction of the frame 11 through two second drive mechanisms 40. Specifically, the second drive mechanism 40 includes a hydraulic rod 41, a connecting plate 42 connected to the movable end of the hydraulic rod 41, and two first slide bars 43 provided on both radial sides of the hydraulic rod 41. The axial directions of the hydraulic rod 41 and the first slide bars 43 are both arranged along the height direction of the frame 11, and the fixed end of the hydraulic rod 41 is fixed to the frame 11; the top end of the first slide bar 43 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 42, and the bottom end of the first slide bar 43 is slidably connected to the frame 11. The length direction of the connecting plate 42 is arranged along the length direction of the frame 11, and the connecting plate 42 is fixedly connected to one side surface of the axial direction of the fixed plate 21. In some embodiments, in order to ensure the stability of the hydraulic system of the second drive mechanism 40, a pressure sensor and a relief valve may also be provided in the oil circuit of the hydraulic rod 41. The pressure sensor monitors the hydraulic system pressure in real time and feeds back the data to the control system of the entire device. When the pressure exceeds the set threshold, the relief valve automatically opens to unload, thereby preventing the hydraulic rod 41 from being damaged due to overload and effectively extending the service life of the device.

[0029] As an example, the scraping mechanism 50 is located in the accommodating hole of the frame 11, and the scraping mechanism 50 is connected to the second driving mechanism 40 for scraping the ditch excavated by the bucket 23. Specifically, the scraping mechanism 50 includes a scraping frame 51, two second slide bars 52 fixed at both ends of the scraping frame 51, a connecting block 53 fixedly connected to the end of the second slide bar 52 away from the scraping frame 51, a connecting rod 54 connected to the connecting block 53, and a limit plate 55 connected to the connecting rod 54. The scraping frame 51 is located directly below the frame 11, and the second slide bar 52 is arranged along the height direction of the frame 11. One end of the second slide bar 52 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 42 in the second driving mechanism 40 on the connecting block 53, and the connecting rod 54 is arranged along the length direction of the frame 11. The rod body of the second slide rod 52 is slidably connected to the frame 11, and a spring 56 is sleeved on the end of the second slide rod 52 connected to the scraping frame 51. Receiving grooves for accommodating the spring 56 are respectively provided on both sides of the frame 11. The receiving grooves and the receiving holes are independent of each other. One end of the spring 56 is fixedly connected to the scraping frame 51, and the other end of the spring 56 is fixedly connected to the frame 11. It should be noted that when the second driving mechanism 40 is in the unopened state, the spring 56 is always in a compressed state. When the spring 56 is in a natural state, the bottom of the scraping frame 51 fits tightly against the bottom of the ditch, thereby achieving high-precision scraping operation.

[0030] Furthermore, the scraping frame 51 includes two mounting plates 511 and two scraping plates 512. The two mounting plates 511 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the frame 11, and the length direction of the mounting plates 511 is arranged along the length direction of the frame 11, and one end of the mounting plate 511 in the length direction is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second slide bar 52; the two scraping plates 512 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the frame 11 at the other end of the length direction of the mounting plate 511, and the scraping plate 512 is a U-shaped structure. The two vertical parts of the scraping plate 512 are fixedly connected to the two mounting plates 511 respectively, and the horizontal part of the scraping plate 512 is used to abut against the bottom wall of the ditch to achieve scraping.

[0031] The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present application also includes two first reinforcement mechanisms 60, which are used to reinforce and compact the inner walls on both sides of the ditch to prevent collapse. The two first reinforcement mechanisms 60 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the scraper frame 51. Specifically, the first reinforcement mechanism 60 includes a guide ring 61, a first transmission rod 62, a first transmission arm 63 fixedly connected to one end of the first transmission rod 62, a limit rod 64 arranged on the end of the first transmission arm 63 away from the transmission rod, a second transmission arm 65, a guide rod 66 slidingly connected to the second transmission arm 65, and a first reinforcement plate 67 fixed to one end of the second transmission arm 65. The guide ring 61 is fixed to one axial side of the rotating disk 22 by bolt connection or welding. An annular guide groove 611 is provided on the guide ring 61. The annular guide groove 611 is a continuous wavy structure, and the other end of the first transmission rod 62 is adapted to the annular guide groove 611. The guide rod 66 is provided along the width direction of the frame 11 , and two axial ends of the guide rod 66 are fixedly connected to two sides of the scraping frame 51 in the scraping mechanism 50 .

[0032] Furthermore, one end of a transmission rod is provided on the first transmission arm 63, which is slidably connected to the connecting rod 54 in the scraping mechanism 50. The limiting rod 64 is arranged along the height direction of the frame 11. The other end of the second transmission arm 65 is provided with a first guide hole 651. The first guide hole 651 is a waist-shaped hole. The angle between the long axis direction of the first guide hole 651 and the width direction of the frame 11 is 30°-60°. The first guide hole 651 is slidably connected to the limiting rod 64. As a specific example, in this embodiment, the angle between the long axis direction of the first guide hole 651 and the width direction of the frame 11 is 45°. During the rotation of the rotating disk 22, the end of the first transmission rod 62 moves along the annular guide groove 611 of the guide ring 61, and the first transmission arm 63 is driven to move back and forth along the length direction of the frame 11 through the ups and downs of the wave-like structure. The limit rod 64 provided in the first guide hole 651 also synchronously drives the frame 11 to move back and forth in the length direction. The inclined opening design of the first guide hole 651 will enable the second transmission arm 65 and the first reinforcement plate 67 to be driven to move back and forth along the axial direction of the guide rod 66, that is, the width direction of the frame 11. It can also be understood that the two relatively arranged first reinforcement plates 67 will repeatedly move toward or away from each other during the rotation of the rotating disk 22, so that the outer surfaces of the two first reinforcement plates 67 that are opposite to each other can abut against the two side walls inside the ditch, thereby achieving stable extrusion and reinforcement of the two side walls inside the ditch.

[0033] The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present application also includes a second reinforcement mechanism 70 for reinforcing and compacting the bottom wall of the ditch. The second reinforcement mechanism 70 includes a guide sleeve 71, a third slide bar 72 arranged along the height direction of the frame 11, and a second reinforcement plate 73 fixed to the bottom end of the third slide bar 72. The guide sleeve 71 is fixedly connected to the guide bar 66 via a fixing block. The top end of the third slide bar 72 is movably inserted into the guide sleeve 71. Two second reinforcement plates 73 are symmetrically provided on either side of the second reinforcement plate 73. The side of the second reinforcement plate 73 opposite the third slide bar 72 is fixedly connected to one end of a guide plate 74. The other end of the guide plate 74 is provided with a second guide hole 741. The second guide hole 741 is a waist-shaped hole. The angle between the long axis of the second guide hole 741 and the height direction of the frame 11 is 30°-60°. The second guide hole 741 is slidably connected to the end of a connecting frame 75. The middle portion of the connecting frame 75 is fixedly connected to the rod body of the third slide bar 72. As a specific example, in this embodiment, the angle between the long axis of the second guide hole 741 and the height direction of the frame 11 is 45°. During the repeated movement of the two first reinforcement plates 67 toward or away from each other, the ends of the connecting frame 75 located in the second guide hole 741 are pushed to rise or fall accordingly along the long axis of the second guide hole 741, thereby driving the third slide bar 72 and the second reinforcement plate 73 to rise or fall synchronously, thereby achieving compression reinforcement of the trench bottom wall.

[0034] The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present application also includes two cutting mechanisms 80 for cutting obstacles such as tree roots and weeds that appear during the excavation process. The two cutting mechanisms 80 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axial direction of the rotating disk 22. Specifically, the cutting mechanism 80 includes a fixed frame 81, a fixed plate 82 and a plurality of saw blades 83. One end of the fixed frame 81 is fixedly connected to the axial side surface of the fixed disk 21, and the other end of the fixed frame 81 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 82. The fixed plate 82 is located at the bottom of the rotating disk 22, and a gap is provided between the fixed plate 82 and the surface of the rotating disk 22. The gap is 5mm-10mm to avoid interfering with the rotation of the rotating disk 22. The fixed plate 82 is an arc-shaped plate, and the arc center of the fixed plate 82 coincides with the center of the rotating disk 22. It can also be understood that the curvature of the fixed plate 82 matches the rotating disk 22. The fixed plate 82 is provided with a first guide groove 821, two second guide grooves 822 respectively connected to the two ends of the first guide groove 821, and a third guide groove 823 connected to the second guide groove 822. The first guide groove 821 is a continuous wavy structure, and the third guide groove 823 is a V-shaped opening structure. The third guide groove 823 is used to guide the second transmission rod 84 into the second guide groove 822 and the third guide groove 823.

[0035] Furthermore, a plurality of spaced-apart saw teeth are provided along one side of the saw blade 83 in the width direction. One end of the saw blade 83 in the length direction is fixedly connected to one end of a second transmission rod 84. The second transmission rod 84 is L-shaped, and the other end of the second transmission rod 84 is adapted to fit into the first guide groove 821. In the axial direction of the rotating disk 22, mounting grooves for mounting the saw blade 83 are provided on the outer walls of both sides of the bucket 23. The length of the mounting grooves is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disk 22. A fixing sleeve 85 is provided on one side of the mounting groove near the center of the rotating disk 22. The end of the second transmission rod 84 connected to the saw blade 83 is movably inserted into the fixing sleeve 85. During the rotation of the rotating disk 22, the end of the second transmission rod 84 passes through the third guide groove 823 and the second guide groove 822 in turn and enters the first guide groove 821, and moves along the trajectory of the first guide groove 821. The ups and downs of the wave-like structure cause the saw blade 83 to move back and forth in the radial direction of the rotating disk 22 in the installation groove, and the saw teeth on the saw blade 83 form a relative motion with the saw teeth on both sides of the bucket 23 to achieve shearing of tree roots and weeds.

[0036] The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present application also includes a rolling mechanism 90, which is located in the second through hole 211 of the fixed plate 21, and is used to crush large excavated objects such as soil and tree roots that fall into the second through hole 211 through the bucket 23 and the first through hole 222, to prevent them from clogging the internal channels of the second through hole 211 and the funnel 24. Specifically, the rolling mechanism 90 includes a rotating rod 91 and a spiral blade 92 spirally arranged along the axial direction of the rotating rod 91. One end of the rotating rod 91 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 31, and the other end of the rotating rod 91 is rotatably connected to the hole wall of the second through hole 211.

[0037] In actual use, the working principle of the water conservancy engineering ditch excavation device of the present application can be: First, the electric crawler 12 is activated, and the entire device is driven to the preset trench excavation starting position. The second drive mechanism 40 is then activated, and the movable end of the hydraulic rod 41 drives the fixed plate 21 and the rotating plate 22 downward through the connecting plate 42. During this process, the first slide bar 43 simultaneously slides down through the corresponding through-hole in the frame 11, providing guidance for the raising and lowering of the excavation mechanism 20 and ensuring its stable vertical movement. When the bottom of the bucket 23 contacts the ground, the drive motor 31 of the first drive mechanism 30 is activated, and the output shaft drives the gear 32 to rotate. The gear 32 engages with the ring gear 33, causing the rotating plate 22 to rotate about the fixed plate 21. As the rotating plate 22 rotates, the bucket 23, located circumferentially of the rotating plate 22, rotates accordingly. The serrations on the soil-facing surface and the side surfaces of the bucket 23 come into contact with the ground, cutting and excavating the soil.

[0038] Simultaneously, as the rotating disk 22 rotates, the ends of the second transmission rod 84, located on either side of the bucket 23, enter the first guide groove 821, guided by the third guide groove 823 and the second guide groove 822 of the fixed plate 82. Because the first guide groove 821 has a continuous wavy structure, the second transmission rod 84 moves along the wave-like path as the rotating disk 22 rotates, driving the saw blade 83 to reciprocate radially within the mounting groove along the rotating disk 22. The teeth on the saw blade 83 form a relative shearing motion with the teeth on either side of the bucket 23, cutting through obstacles such as tree roots and weeds encountered during excavation, ensuring smooth excavation. Under the centrifugal force of the rotating disk 22, the soil, rocks, and other excavated materials excavated by the bucket 23 pass through the first through-hole 222 of the rotating disk 22 and enter the second through-hole 211 of the fixed disk 21. At this point, the rotating rod 91 of the rolling mechanism 90 rotates, driven by the drive motor 31, and the spiral blade 92 rotates accordingly. During the rotation process, the spiral blade 92 stirs and pushes the excavated material entering the second through hole 211. For large blocks with a diameter of ≤100 mm, the edge of the spiral blade 92 breaks them into small blocks with a diameter of ≤30 mm. The crushed excavated material enters the funnel 24 under the push of the spiral blade 92 and the action of its own gravity, and forms a continuous sliding flow along the channel inside the funnel 24, and is then smoothly discharged out of the device, avoiding accumulation and blockage.

[0039] While the excavation mechanism 20 is excavating, the scraping mechanism 50 descends synchronously with the second drive mechanism 40. The second slide bar 52 slides down within the sliding bearing of the frame 11, driving the scraping frame 51 toward the ditch bottom. The spring 56 on the scraping frame 51 is compressed, its elastic force causing the transverse portion of the scraping plate 512 to adhere tightly to the ditch bottom. As the device advances, the elastic compensation effect of the spring 56 ensures that the scraping plate 512 maintains contact with the ditch bottom, scraping and leveling the excavated ditch bottom.

[0040] While the scraping operation is in progress, the first reinforcement mechanism 60 and the second reinforcement mechanism 70 operate synchronously. For the first reinforcement mechanism 60, the rotation of the rotating disk 22 drives the guide ring 61 to rotate, and the end of the first transmission rod 62 moves within the annular guide groove 611 of the guide ring 61. Since the annular guide groove 611 has a wavy structure, the first transmission rod 62 drives the first transmission arm 63 to swing back and forth along the length direction of the frame 11 during the movement. Through the cooperation of the limit rod 64 and the first guide hole 651 on the second transmission arm 65, the swinging motion of the first transmission arm 63 is converted into the swinging motion of the second transmission arm 65 along the width direction of the frame 11, so that the first reinforcement plate 67 squeezes and reinforces the inner walls on both sides of the ditch. The squeezing force can reach 0.5MPa-1MPa, effectively preventing the collapse of the inner wall of the ditch. For the second reinforcement mechanism 70, during the descent of the scraping frame 51, the guide rod 66 drives the guide sleeve 71 to slide down along the second slide bar 52, and during the repeated movement of the two first reinforcement plates 67 toward or away from each other, the two ends of the connecting frame 75 cooperate with the second guide holes 741 on the guide plate 74 to drive the second slide bar 52 and the second reinforcement plate 73 provided at the bottom end of the second slide bar 52 to perform synchronous rising or falling movements, thereby realizing extrusion reinforcement of the bottom wall of the ditch.

[0041] After the device completes the trench excavation of the preset length, the first drive mechanism 30 stops, and the rotary disc 22 stops rotating. Subsequently, the movable end of the hydraulic rod 41 of the second drive mechanism 40 drives the excavation mechanism 20, the leveling mechanism 50, and the reinforcement mechanism upward until they return to their initial positions. The electric crawler 12 then drives the device out of the work area and parks it at a designated storage location. The operator cleans and inspects the device, removing dirt and debris from the bucket 23, saw blade 83, and spiral blade 92. The operator inspects each component for wear and deformation, replacing or repairing any severely worn components to prepare for the next operation.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects of the present invention are as follows: by arranging an excavation mechanism and a second driving mechanism on the mobile base, the lifting and lowering of the excavation mechanism can be accurately controlled to ensure the consistency of the vertical depth of the bucket into the soil; the design of the first driving mechanism can realize the uniform rotation of the rotating disk in the excavation mechanism, so that the excavation trajectory of the bucket is stable, and the excavation deviation caused by manual operation of the mechanical arm is greatly reduced. Furthermore, a scraping mechanism is set to work synchronously with the excavation mechanism to realize the immediate leveling of the excavated ditch, greatly improving the construction efficiency. Furthermore, by adding a first reinforcement mechanism and a second reinforcement mechanism, the compaction and reinforcement of the two side walls and bottom wall inside the ditch are realized, and the high-quality forming of the ditch is achieved, which eliminates the need for manual secondary reinforcement work and reduces construction costs. In addition, a cutting mechanism and a rolling mechanism are provided. During the bucket excavation process, the saw blade cutting in the cutting mechanism and the stirring and crushing of the spiral blades in the rolling mechanism are carried out simultaneously, thereby achieving the cutting of obstacles such as tree roots during the excavation process and the crushing of large blocks entering the bucket, effectively avoiding shutdowns caused by tree root entanglement and blockage of the funnel, and effectively ensuring the normal operation of the entire device.

[0043] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0044] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several embodiments of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects, characterized in that: include: The mobile base includes a frame and electric crawlers provided on both sides of the frame, wherein a receiving hole is provided in the middle of the frame, and the depth direction of the receiving hole is arranged along the height direction of the frame; an excavation mechanism located in the receiving hole, the excavation mechanism comprising a fixed disk and a rotating disk rotatably connected to the fixed disk, a plurality of buckets being spaced apart on a circumferential outer wall of the rotating disk; A first driving mechanism is fixedly arranged on one side of the fixed disk in the axial direction and is used to drive the rotating disk to rotate; Two second driving mechanisms are used to drive the excavation mechanism to move up and down in the receiving hole, and the two sides of the fixed plate are movably connected to the frame through the two second driving mechanisms respectively; A scraping mechanism is located in the accommodating hole and is connected to the second driving mechanism for scraping the ditch excavated by the bucket.

2. The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a gear fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and a ring gear meshing with the gear. The driving motor is fixed on one axial side of the fixed disk, and a mounting ring is provided on one axial side of the rotating disk. The ring gear is fixed on the mounting ring.

3. The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism includes a hydraulic rod, a connecting plate connected to the movable end of the hydraulic rod, and two first sliding rods provided on both radial sides of the hydraulic rod, wherein the axial directions of the hydraulic rod and the first sliding rods are both provided along the height direction of the frame, and the fixed end of the hydraulic rod is fixed to the frame; The top end of the first slide rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the bottom end of the first slide rod is slidably connected to the frame, the length direction of the connecting plate is arranged along the length direction of the frame, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to one side surface of the fixed disk in the axial direction.

4. The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping mechanism includes a scraping frame, two second sliding rods fixedly provided at both ends of the scraping frame, a connecting block fixedly connected to one end of the second sliding rod away from the scraping frame, a connecting rod connected to the connecting block, and a limit plate connected to the connecting rod, the scraping frame is located directly below the frame, the second sliding rod is arranged along the height direction of the frame, the connecting block is provided with one end of the second sliding rod fixedly connected to the connecting plate in the second driving mechanism, and the connecting rod is arranged along the length direction of the frame; The rod body of the second sliding rod is slidably connected to the frame, and a spring is sleeved on one end of the second sliding rod connected to the scraping frame. Receiving grooves for accommodating the spring are respectively provided on both sides of the frame, and the receiving grooves and the receiving holes are independent of each other. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the scraping frame, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the frame.

5. The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The scraping frame includes two mounting plates and two scraping plates, the two mounting plates are spaced apart along the width direction of the frame, the length direction of the mounting plates is arranged along the length direction of the frame, and one end of the mounting plate in the length direction is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second sliding rod; The two scraping plates are spaced apart along the length direction of the frame at the other end of the length direction of the mounting plate. The scraping plate is a U-shaped structure. The two vertical parts of the scraping plate are fixedly connected to the two mounting plates respectively, and the horizontal part of the scraping plate is used to abut against the bottom wall of the ditch.

6. The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The present invention also includes two first reinforcement mechanisms for reinforcing and compacting the inner walls on both sides of the ditch, and the two first reinforcement mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the scraping frame. The first reinforcement mechanism includes a guide ring, a first transmission rod, a first transmission arm fixedly connected to one end of the first transmission rod, a limit rod provided on the first transmission arm away from one end of the transmission rod, a second transmission arm, a guide rod slidably connected to the second transmission arm, and a first reinforcement plate fixed to one end of the second transmission arm, the guide ring is fixed on one side of the axial direction of the rotating disk, the guide ring is provided with an annular guide groove, the annular guide groove is a continuous wavy structure, and the other end of the first transmission rod is adapted to the annular guide groove; The first transmission arm is provided with one end of the transmission rod, which is slidably connected to the connecting rod in the scraping mechanism. The limit rod is arranged along the height direction of the frame. The other end of the second transmission arm is provided with a first guide hole. The first guide hole is a waist-shaped hole. The angle between the long axis direction of the first guide hole and the width direction of the frame is 30°-60°. The first guide hole is slidably connected to the limit rod. The guide rod is arranged along the width direction of the frame, and the axial ends of the guide rod are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the scraping frame in the scraping mechanism.

7. The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a second reinforcement mechanism for reinforcing and compacting the bottom wall of the ditch, the second reinforcement mechanism including a guide sleeve, a third slide rod arranged along the height direction of the frame, and a second reinforcement plate fixed to the bottom end of the third slide rod, the guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the guide rod through a fixing block, the top end of the third slide rod is movably inserted into the guide sleeve, and two second reinforcement plates are symmetrically provided on both sides of the second reinforcement plate; The side of the second reinforcement plate opposite to the third sliding rod is fixedly connected to one end of the guide plate, and the other end of the guide plate is provided with a second guide hole, the second guide hole is a waist-shaped hole, and the angle between the long axis direction of the second guide hole and the height direction of the frame is 30°-60°, the second guide hole is slidably connected to the end of the connecting frame, and the middle part of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the rod body of the third sliding rod.

8. The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes two cutting mechanisms, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axial direction of the rotating disk, and the cutting mechanism includes a fixed frame, a fixed plate and a plurality of saw blades, one end of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to one side surface of the axial direction of the fixed disk, and the other end of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the fixed plate; The fixing plate is located at the bottom of the rotating disk, and a gap is provided between the fixing plate and the surface of the rotating disk. The fixing plate is an arc-shaped plate, and the arc center of the fixing plate coincides with the center of the rotating disk. The fixing plate is provided with a first guide groove, two second guide grooves respectively connected to the two ends of the first guide groove, and a third guide groove connected to the second guide groove. The first guide groove is a continuous wavy structure, and the third guide groove is a V-shaped opening structure. One end of the saw blade in the longitudinal direction is fixedly connected to one end of a second transmission rod, the second transmission rod is an L-shaped structure, and the other end of the second transmission rod is adapted to the first guide groove; In the axial direction of the rotating disk, mounting grooves for mounting the saw blade are respectively provided on the outer walls on both sides of the bucket, and the length direction of the groove opening of the mounting groove is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disk. A fixing sleeve is provided on the side of the mounting groove close to the center of the rotating disk, and the rod body at one end of the second transmission rod connected to the saw blade can be movably inserted into the fixing sleeve.

9. The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of first through holes are provided at intervals on the circumferential inner wall of the rotating disk, the first through holes being arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the buckets, and the first through holes are communicated with the inner space of the buckets; A second through hole is provided on the top of the fixed disk, and the second through hole is used to dock with the first through hole. A funnel is provided on one axial side of the fixed disk, and the funnel is tilted, and the inlet end of the funnel is connected to the bottom of the second through hole.

10. The ditch excavation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a rolling mechanism located in the second through hole, the rolling mechanism including a rotating rod and a spiral blade spirally arranged along the axial direction of the rotating rod, one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor, and the other end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the hole wall of the second through hole.

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