Method and equipment for preparing organic product from waste fruits

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for preparing an organic product from waste fruits, and aims to solve the technical problem of how to fully utilize natural climate conditions to control fermentation temperature so as to reduce energy consumption. Comprising the following steps: a crushing step: crushing waste fruits into crushed materials by using a crusher; pulping, namely grinding the crushed material into pulp by using a pulping machine; a material mixing step: adding and mixing strains into the slurry by using a material mixing device; a fermentation step: fermenting the slurry added with the strain by using a fermenter to obtain a fermentation product; a solid-liquid separation step: separating the fermentation product by using a solid-liquid separator to obtain a solid product and a liquid product; the crusher, the pulping machine, the mixing device, the fermenter and the solid-liquid separator are connected in series to form an automatic assembly line, and the automatic assembly line is integrally arranged in a heat-preservation enclosure structure; a solar energy collecting structure is arranged on the fermenter and the heat preservation enclosure structure and is used for providing solar energy into a fermentation cavity of the fermenter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a biological treatment technology for waste fruits, and in particular to a method and equipment for preparing organic products by utilizing waste fruits. Background Art

[0002] The treatment and utilization of citrus waste has always been a challenge in agricultural waste management. Traditional landfilling not only consumes land resources but also produces large amounts of organic acid leachate, which in turn pollutes groundwater systems. As an alternative, some regions are trying to return citrus waste directly to the fields as organic fertilizer. However, returning untreated citrus waste directly to the fields can easily cause soil acidification, hinder crop growth, and potentially spread fruit tree diseases and pests.

[0003] While some high-tech processing methods, such as juicing to extract pectin and essential oils or preparing feed, can achieve resource utilization, they typically require large-scale equipment and high energy consumption, and the addition of chemical reagents during the process often generates secondary pollution. Furthermore, the application of these methods in rural and remote areas is limited by infrastructure and technical conditions, making them difficult to promote.

[0004] Microbial fermentation is a bioconversion method that can transform nutrients in waste fruit into valuable products. However, existing microbial fermentation technologies typically require strict temperature control. Winter and spring are critical periods for citrus fruit waste processing, as temperatures are lower during this period. Existing microbial fermentation technologies require electricity-driven heating, which not only increases energy consumption but also processing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and equipment for preparing organic products from waste fruits, so as to solve the technical problem of how to make full use of natural climatic conditions to control the fermentation temperature and thus reduce energy consumption.

[0006] In a first aspect, a method for preparing organic products from waste fruit is provided, comprising: a crushing step, i.e., crushing the waste fruit into crushed material using a crusher; a pulping step, i.e., grinding the crushed material into a pulp using a pulper; a mixing step, i.e., adding and mixing bacterial strains into the pulp using a mixing device; a fermentation step, i.e., fermenting the pulp with the added bacterial strains using a fermenter to obtain a fermentation product; and a solid-liquid separation step, i.e., separating the fermentation product into a solid product and a liquid product using a solid-liquid separator; wherein the crusher, the pulper, the mixing device, the fermenter, and the solid-liquid separator are connected in series to form an automatic production line, and the automatic production line is arranged as a whole in a heat-insulating enclosure structure; and a solar energy collection structure is provided on the fermenter and the heat-insulating enclosure structure, and the solar energy collection structure is used to provide solar energy to a fermentation chamber of the fermenter.

[0007] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the method of the first aspect above, further: the thermal insulation enclosure structure includes a supporting frame and a thermal insulation material covering the supporting frame, and a transparent area is formed on the thermal insulation material at least at a position corresponding to the solar energy collection structure.

[0008] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the method of the first aspect above, further: the fermenter includes a horizontal cylinder, the slurry is input from one end of the horizontal cylinder and the fermentation product is output from the other end of the horizontal cylinder, and the solar energy collection structure on the top of the horizontal cylinder includes a transparent light guide window.

[0009] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the method of the first aspect mentioned above, further: in the fermentation step, natural climatic conditions are fully utilized, and the fermentation temperature is controlled to the required temperature suitable for the bacteria through the synergistic effect of the thermal insulation enclosure structure and the solar energy collection structure.

[0010] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the method of the first aspect above, further: the waste fruit is citrus fruit; the natural climatic conditions are winter and spring; the fermentation temperature is 8°C-20°C; the bacteria are lactic acid bacteria or yeasts suitable for fermentation at this fermentation temperature and producing organic acids; the fermentation product is obtained when the pH value of the slurry is reduced to 3.5-4.0 through fermentation; and the solid product and the liquid product can be used as organic fertilizer.

[0011] According to a second aspect, an apparatus for preparing organic products from waste fruit is provided, comprising: a crusher for crushing the waste fruit into crushed material; a pulper for grinding the crushed material into a slurry; a mixing device for adding and mixing bacterial strains into the slurry; a fermenter for fermenting the slurry to which the bacterial strains are added to obtain a fermentation product; and a solid-liquid separator for separating the fermentation product into a solid product and a liquid product. The crusher, the pulper, the mixing device, the fermenter and the solid-liquid separator are connected in series to form an automatic production line, which is arranged as a whole in a heat-insulating enclosure structure. The fermenter and the heat-insulating enclosure structure are provided with a solar energy collection structure, which is used to provide solar energy to a fermentation chamber of the fermenter.

[0012] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the device of the second aspect mentioned above, further: the thermal insulation enclosure structure includes a supporting frame and a thermal insulation material covering the supporting frame, and a transparent area is formed on the thermal insulation material at least at a position corresponding to the solar energy collection structure.

[0013] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the equipment of the above-mentioned second aspect, further: the fermenter includes a horizontal cylinder, the slurry is input from one end of the horizontal cylinder and the fermentation product is output from the other end of the horizontal cylinder, and the solar energy collection structure on the top of the horizontal cylinder includes a transparent light guide window.

[0014] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the equipment of the second aspect mentioned above, further: a central main shaft with a transmission end passing through the horizontal cylinder and connected to the rotary drive mechanism is provided in the horizontal cylinder, the central main shaft is composed of multiple sleeves connected in series, each sleeve is provided with an independent spiral blade, and a spline shaft core is installed between any adjacent sleeves, and the two ends of each spline shaft core are respectively matched with the corresponding sleeve spline, and the middle part of each spline shaft core forms a rotating wear-resistant ring for assembly in the corresponding lifting ring, and the lifting ring is hung in the horizontal cylinder by a cantilever.

[0015] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the device of the second aspect, further: the light-transmitting plate of the transparent light-guiding window adopts a planar Fresnel lens array plate.

[0016] The above-mentioned method and equipment provided by the present invention realize the automation and integration of waste fruit processing by connecting a crusher, a pulper, a mixing device, a fermenter and a solid-liquid separator in series to form an automatic production line and arranging the whole in a heat-insulating enclosure structure; the heat-insulating enclosure structure can lock the heat emitted by the crusher, pulper, solid-liquid separator and other equipment (motors) during operation, and heat the fermenter through the greenhouse effect. It can also buffer the temperature difference between day and night to stabilize the fermentation temperature; at the same time, by arranging a solar energy collection structure on the fermenter and the heat-insulating enclosure structure, the fermenter can fully utilize solar energy to control the fermentation temperature to the required temperature suitable for the bacterial strain. Through the synergistic effect of the heat-insulating enclosure structure and the solar energy collection structure, energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and resource utilization and environmentally friendly treatment of waste fruit can be achieved. The above-mentioned method and equipment provided by the present invention have significant application prospects, especially for the waste treatment of citrus fruits produced in large quantities in winter and spring in my country. It can effectively solve the problem of citrus waste fruit treatment and convert it into valuable organic products (such as organic fertilizer).

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages provided by the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become apparent from the following description, or be learned through practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings that constitute a part of this specification are used to assist in understanding the present invention. The contents provided in the drawings and the related descriptions in this specification can be used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an overall view of an apparatus for preparing organic products from waste fruit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Global view of the equipment after hiding the insulation material.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Another view of the device shown.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Another view of the device shown.

[0023] Figure 5 For the general Figure 2 A view of the horizontal cylinder of the fermenter of the equipment shown after being made transparent.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A view of the central spindle of the fermenter of the device shown (the shaft sleeves are made transparent).

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the partial assembly method of the central main shaft of the fermenter of the equipment shown.

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the transparent light-guiding window of the fermenter in the device shown.

[0027] The components marked in the figure are: crusher 11, pulper 12, mixer 13, fermenter 14, horizontal cylinder 141, central spindle 142, shaft sleeve 1421, spiral blade 1422, spline shaft core 1423, lifting ring 1424, rotating wear-resistant ring 1425, cantilever 1426, solid-liquid separator 15, liquid storage tank 16, lift 17, pump 18, thermal insulation enclosure structure 2, support frame 21, thermal insulation material 22, solar energy collection structure 3, transparent light guide window 31, flat Fresnel lens array plate 311. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A person skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be noted that:

[0029] The technical solutions and technical features provided in each section, including the following description, may be combined with each other unless they conflict. In addition, where possible, these technical solutions, technical features, and related combinations may be assigned specific technical themes and protected by relevant patents.

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention involved in the following description are generally only a part of the embodiments rather than all the embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work should fall within the scope of patent protection.

[0031] The terms "include," "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof in this specification, the corresponding claims, and related parts are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. Other related terms and units are to be reasonably interpreted based on the relevant content provided in this specification.

[0032] Figure 1 This is an overall view of an apparatus for preparing organic products from waste fruit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Global view of the equipment after hiding the insulation material. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Another view of the device shown. Figure 4 for Figure 2 The device is shown in another angle. Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for preparing organic products from waste fruits, comprising a crusher 11, a pulper 12, a mixing device 13, a fermenter 14, a solid-liquid separator 15 (in this embodiment, the solid-liquid separator 15 is also provided with a liquid storage tank 16), a thermal insulation enclosure structure 2, and a solar energy collection structure 3.

[0033] Crusher 11, refiner 12, mixer 13, fermenter 14, and solid-liquid separator 15 are connected in series to form an automated production line, which is entirely housed within thermally insulated enclosure 2. Crusher 11, refiner 12, mixer 13, fermenter 14, and solid-liquid separator 15 form a complete processing flow, enabling waste fruit to be converted into valuable organic products through a sequential process of crushing, refining, mixing, fermentation, and solid-liquid separation.

[0034] Specifically, the crusher 11 is used to crush the waste fruit into crushed materials, providing raw materials of suitable size for subsequent processing. In this embodiment, the crusher 11 adopts a hammer crushing structure, including a high-speed rotating crushing hammer and a fixed screen plate. When the waste fruit is put into the crushing chamber, it is struck by the high-speed rotating crushing hammer and squeezed against the screen plate, thereby quickly crushing it into small pieces with a diameter of less than 5 cm. The crusher 11 is designed to be vertical, with the feed port at the top of the crusher 11 and the discharge port at the bottom just connected to the feed port of the pulper 12 to ensure smooth material transmission. The crusher 11 is also equipped with a lift 17 for transporting the waste fruit from the ground to the feed port of the crusher 11.

[0035] The pulper 12 is used to grind the crushed material into a slurry to improve the subsequent fermentation efficiency. Specifically, the pulper 12 grinds the crushed material into a slurry. The grinding process significantly increases the specific surface area of ​​the material, destroys the fruit cell wall structure, and fully releases the cell contents (such as sugars, organic acids, etc.), which are directly exposed to microorganisms for use. At the same time, the slurry state has better fluidity and uniformity, which is convenient for full mixing with the bacteria, ensuring that the bacteria are evenly distributed throughout the system, and is beneficial to the heat and material transfer during the fermentation process, thereby accelerating the fermentation reaction rate, shortening the fermentation time, and improving the conversion efficiency. The pulper 12 can adopt a double-layer gear grinding structure with grinding gears with adjustable spacing inside, which can further grind the crushed material into a uniform slurry.

[0036] The mixing device 13 is used to add and mix the bacterial strains into the slurry to start the fermentation process. The mixing device 13 is specifically arranged in a mixing tank at the outlet of the refiner 12. A bacterial strain feeding funnel is provided above the mixing tank. The bacterial strain feeding funnel is equipped with an automatic metering system, which can accurately add an appropriate amount of bacterial strain suspension. At the same time, a small amount of auxiliary materials (such as rice husk powder, wheat bran, etc.) can also be added to adjust the moisture content, carbon-nitrogen ratio and structure of the material to provide a more suitable growth environment for microorganisms. The outlet of the mixing device 13 is connected to the fermenter 14 through a pipeline and a pump 18. The pump 18 is used to drive the slurry and can also fully mix the slurry with the bacterial strain.

[0037] The fermenter 14 is used to ferment the slurry to which the bacterial strain is added to obtain a fermentation product. The fermenter 14 comprises a horizontal cylinder 141, the slurry is input from one end of the horizontal cylinder 141 and the fermentation product is output from the other end of the horizontal cylinder 141. The horizontal cylinder 141 can be made of stainless steel, and the inner wall is smooth to facilitate the flow and cleaning of materials. An axial stirring device is installed in the horizontal cylinder 141, which can realize the slow turning and axial propulsion of the material to ensure uniform fermentation. A solar energy collection structure 3 is provided on the top of the fermenter 14, which can use the heat energy of sunlight to maintain the fermentation temperature. At the same time, the fermenter 14 is also equipped with a temperature and pH value monitoring system to monitor the fermentation process in real time, ensure that the microorganisms grow and reproduce under suitable conditions, and convert the organic matter in the slurry into organic acids and other beneficial metabolites.

[0038] The solid-liquid separator 15 is used to separate the fermentation product to obtain a solid product and a liquid product. The solid-liquid separator 15 in this embodiment adopts a screw pressing structure. After the fermentation product enters the solid-liquid separator 15, it moves forward under the push of the screw shaft and is subjected to gradually increasing pressure. The liquid product flows out through the surrounding screen and is finally collected in the liquid storage tank 16, and the solid product is discharged from the discharge port of the solid-liquid separator 15. This separation method can make the water content of the solid product lower, which is convenient for subsequent use or further processing. The liquid storage tank 16 is provided with a liquid level meter and a sampling port to facilitate operator monitoring and sampling analysis.

[0039] The thermal insulation enclosure structure 2 includes a support frame 21 and a thermal insulation material 22 covering the support frame 21, and a transparent area is formed on the thermal insulation material 22 at least at the position corresponding to the solar energy collection structure 3 (described later). The support frame 21 can adopt a metal frame structure, and the thermal insulation material 22 can be selected from a double-layer hollow polycarbonate sheet or other materials with good thermal insulation properties (such as commercially available thermal insulation film). The thermal insulation enclosure structure 2 can lock the heat emitted by the crusher 11, the pulper 12, the solid-liquid separator 15 and other equipment (motors) during operation, and heat the fermenter 14 through the greenhouse effect. It can also buffer the temperature difference between day and night to stabilize the fermentation temperature, ensuring that the fermentation process can still proceed stably in the low temperature environment of winter and spring.

[0040] In this embodiment, the crusher 11 (equipped with a 3kW motor), the refiner 12 (equipped with a 2kW motor), the mixer 13 (equipped with a 0.5kW motor), the fermenter 14 (equipped with a 2kW motor), the solid-liquid separator 15 (equipped with a 1.5kW motor), the elevator 17 (equipped with a 0.75kW motor), and the pump 18 (equipped with a 0.5kW motor) consume a total of approximately 10.25kW of electrical energy during operation, of which approximately 70%-80% is converted into heat and dissipated into the interior of the thermal enclosure 2. Assuming a daily production of one ton of fermentation product, the equipment operates approximately 4-6 hours per day, dissipating a total of approximately 35kWh-45kWh of heat. Given the approximately 50 cubic meters of thermal enclosure 2, the heat dissipation from the automated assembly line can raise the temperature inside the thermal enclosure 2 by approximately 6°C-9°C above the ambient temperature. Combined with the greenhouse effect of the thermal enclosure 2 on solar radiation (a 2-4°C increase), the average temperature inside the thermal enclosure 2 rises by approximately 10°C.

[0041] The solar energy collection structure 3 at the top of the horizontal cylinder 141 includes a transparent light guide window 31. This window 31 is mounted on the top of the horizontal cylinder 141, corresponding to the transparent area on the thermal insulation enclosure 2 (in this embodiment, the light-transmitting plate of the transparent light guide window 31 serves as the transparent area of ​​the thermal insulation enclosure 2). By installing the solar energy collection structure 3 on the fermenter 14 and the thermal insulation enclosure 2, the fermenter 14 fully utilizes solar energy to control the fermentation temperature to the desired temperature for the bacterial strain, reducing or even eliminating the energy consumption of additional heating equipment.

[0042] The transparent light guide window 31 is a specific embodiment of the solar energy collection structure 3, and its function is to guide the solar energy directly into the fermenter 14 to achieve more efficient energy utilization. 2 -5kWh / m 2 According to calculation, the total area of ​​the transparent light guide window 31 in this embodiment is about 1.5m 2(Three transparent light guide windows 31, each transparent light guide window 31 has an area of ​​0.5m 2 ), based on a 65% light energy conversion efficiency, approximately 3.9kWh-4.9kWh of solar energy can be directly collected daily. The transparent light-guiding window 31 allows sunlight to directly illuminate the fermentation material (slurry), creating a local temperature gradient that is approximately 2°C-4°C higher than the average ambient temperature. This local temperature rise can increase fermentation efficiency by 10%-15%. Furthermore, the formation of the local temperature gradient further creates a natural convection loop, accelerating the contact frequency between nutrients and microorganisms while reducing dead corners in fermentation.

[0043] It can be seen that the solar energy collection structure 3 and the thermal insulation enclosure structure 2 form a synergistic effect: the thermal insulation enclosure structure 2 provides an overall temperature control environment through equipment heat preservation and greenhouse effect, so that the air temperature inside the thermal insulation enclosure structure 2 is increased by about 10°C (the slurry temperature actually increases by 4°C-7°C); and the solar energy collection structure 3 directly introduces solar energy into the fermenter 14 through the transparent light guide window 31, forming a local temperature rise of 2°C-4°C in the material irradiation area, generating a temperature gradient and convection mixing effect. The combination of the two provides a temperature environment for the fermentation process, which is particularly suitable for maintaining the required fermentation temperature under low temperature conditions in winter.

[0044] In this embodiment, the horizontal cylinder 141 is designed to produce 1 ton of fermentation product per day, and the fermentation cycle is designed to be 7-8 days. Therefore, the capacity of the horizontal cylinder 141 needs to be at least 7-8 tons. The horizontal cylinder 141 adopts a cylindrical design with a diameter of about 1.5m, so the axial length needs to be 5-6 meters. If the main shaft of the axial stirring device adopts a traditional integral main shaft design, there will be the following problems: the total length of the main shaft is relatively long, and it is very easy to bend and deform under high load operation, resulting in contact between the spiral blades and the inner wall of the cylinder and causing wear; at the same time, the vibration caused by the deformation will seriously affect the service life of the equipment and the stirring effect, and increase the damage rate of the sealing system; in addition, the integral shaft design needs to be completely disassembled during maintenance, which is complicated to operate and has a long downtime, greatly increasing production costs; the long shaft will also produce torsional deformation under changes in material viscosity, resulting in uneven stirring, forming a fermentation "dead corner", and affecting product quality consistency.

[0045] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also carries out the following innovative designs. Specifically, Figure 6-Figure 7As shown, the horizontal cylinder 141 is provided with a central main shaft 142 whose transmission end passes through the horizontal cylinder 141 and is connected to the rotary drive mechanism. The central main shaft 142 is composed of a plurality of sleeves 1421 connected in series. Each sleeve 1421 is provided with an independent spiral blade 1422. A spline shaft core 1423 is installed between any adjacent sleeves 1421. The two ends of each spline shaft core 1423 are respectively spline-matched with the corresponding sleeve 1421. The middle part of each spline shaft core 1423 forms a rotating wear-resistant ring 1425 for assembly in the corresponding hanging ring 1424. The hanging ring 1424 is suspended in the horizontal cylinder 141 by a cantilever 1426.

[0046] By decomposing the central main shaft 142 into a series of multiple shaft sleeves 1421, each section independently carries the spiral blade 1422 and is flexibly connected through the spline shaft core 1423, thereby solving the problem of long shaft flexural deformation; the ingenious coordination of the rotating wear-resistant ring 1425 and the hanging ring 1424, plus the arrangement in which the hanging ring 1424 is hung on the horizontal cylinder 141 through the cantilever 1426, forms a suspended support system, which not only provides multi-point support for the central main shaft 142 to suppress deformation and vibration, but also effectively avoids the common problem of material accumulation and adhesion at the bottom of the fermenter 14 during the fermentation process.

[0047] Three transparent light guide windows 31 are arranged axially at intervals on the top of the horizontal cylinder 141. Each transparent light guide window 31 has an area of ​​0.5 m 2 , in a rectangular shape. Preferably, the transparent plate of the transparent light guide window 31 utilizes a planar Fresnel lens array plate 311, which can effectively improve the efficiency of collecting solar energy. The planar Fresnel lens array plate 311 has a focusing function, which can more efficiently conduct solar energy into the fermenter 14.

[0048] The Fresnel lens array plate 311 is a highly efficient light-transmitting component of the transparent light guide window 31. It has a plurality of Fresnel lens plates arranged in a plane array. Each Fresnel lens plate is compressed into a plane using a plurality of concentric ring-shaped stepped structures, effectively reducing the material volume while retaining the light-concentrating function. Its special optical design allows the incident sunlight to be focused in a specific area through refraction, which not only improves the light transmittance (up to over 90%) but also has a light energy concentration effect of 1.2-1.5 times. If the original transparent light guide window 31 (with a total area of ​​1.5m 2) is replaced with a Fresnel lens array plate 311. Calculated based on an average optical gain coefficient of 1.3, the new light energy conversion efficiency will be increased from the original 65% to approximately 85%, and the solar energy that can be directly collected per day will increase from the original 3.9kWh-4.9kWh to approximately 5.1kWh-6.3kWh, achieving an approximately 30% increase in energy collection efficiency. This provides more sufficient thermal energy support for the fermentation of waste fruit in low-temperature environments in winter, while further strengthening the local temperature gradient effect and promoting natural convection mixing of fermentation materials.

[0049] The method for preparing organic products from waste fruit in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Crushing step: The waste fruit is crushed into crushed materials using a crusher 11. The crusher 11 adopts a hammer crushing structure to crush the waste fruit into small pieces with a diameter of about 0.5-2 cm, which is convenient for subsequent processing.

[0051] Step 2: Refining step: The crushed material is ground into slurry using a refiner 12. The refiner 12 uses a gear-type grinding device to further grind the crushed material into a uniform slurry, thereby improving the efficiency of microorganisms in utilizing the material.

[0052] Step 3: Mixing: Add and mix the bacterial strains to the slurry using the mixing device 13. The mixing device 13 is equipped with a metering pump and a mixing paddle, which can accurately add the appropriate amount of bacterial strains and fully mix them with the slurry. A small amount of auxiliary materials (such as rice husk powder) can also be added to adjust the moisture content and structure of the material.

[0053] Step 4: Fermentation: The slurry containing the added bacteria is fermented in a fermentation vessel 14 to obtain a fermentation product. During the fermentation process, the bacteria convert organic substances such as sugars in the slurry into metabolites such as organic acids, thereby lowering the pH value and inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms.

[0054] Step 5: Solid-Liquid Separation Step: The fermentation product is separated into a solid product and a liquid product using a solid-liquid separator 15. The solid-liquid separator 15 adopts a screw press structure to separate the fermentation product into a solid product and a clarified liquid product (stored in a liquid storage tank 16).

[0055] During the fermentation process, natural climatic conditions are fully utilized, and the fermentation temperature is controlled to the desired temperature suitable for the bacterial strain through the synergistic effect of the thermal insulation enclosure 2 and the solar energy collection structure 3. The thermal insulation enclosure 2 absorbs solar energy and locks in the heat generated by the equipment during the day, while slowing heat loss at night, keeping the fermentation temperature within a relatively stable range. The solar energy collection structure 3 further enhances the efficiency of solar energy utilization, especially in winter and spring when there is abundant sunlight but low temperatures, and can significantly increase the temperature within the fermenter 14.

[0056] In this embodiment, waste fruits are citrus fruits (such as tangerines, oranges, pomelos, kumquats, mandarin oranges, navel oranges, and mandarin oranges); the natural climatic conditions are winter and spring (October of each year to April of the following year); the fermentation temperature is 8°C-20°C; the bacteria are lactic acid bacteria (such as Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus acidophilus, etc.) or yeasts (such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris, etc.) that are suitable for fermentation at this fermentation temperature and produce organic acids; the fermentation product is obtained when the pH value of the slurry is reduced to 3.5-4.0 through fermentation; the solid product and the liquid product can be used as organic fertilizer.

[0057] After a short period of composting, the solid product can be used directly in agricultural production areas such as orchards and vegetable plots. The liquid product, after appropriate dilution, can be used as a foliar spray or irrigation fertilizer. Both products, rich in probiotics, organic matter, and trace elements, not only improve soil structure but also provide nutrients for crop growth, achieving a recycling of waste resources.

[0058] Through the synergistic effect of the thermal insulation enclosure 2 and the solar energy collection structure 3, the method and apparatus provided in this embodiment can significantly reduce energy consumption, achieving resource utilization and environmentally friendly treatment of waste fruit. This method has significant application prospects, particularly for the treatment of citrus fruit waste (such as tangerines, oranges, pomelos, navel oranges, and mandarin oranges), which are produced in large quantities in my country during winter and spring. It can effectively solve the problem of citrus fruit waste disposal and convert it into a valuable organic fertilizer product, thereby reducing environmental pollution while creating economic value and promoting sustainable agricultural development.

[0059] The device of this embodiment has a compact structure and is easy to operate, and is suitable for being arranged near an orchard to reduce the transportation cost of waste fruit. At the same time, due to the use of a biological fermentation process, the entire treatment process is environmentally friendly and conforms to the concept of green agricultural development.

[0060] The above describes the relevant contents of the present invention. Based on this description, a person skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention. Based on the above content of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative efforts should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing organic products from waste fruit, characterized by: include: The crushing step is to crush the waste fruit into crushed materials using a crusher; The refining step is to grind the crushed material into slurry using a refiner; a mixing step, i.e., adding and mixing the bacterial strains into the slurry using a mixing device; a fermentation step, i.e., fermenting the slurry with the added bacteria in a fermenter to obtain a fermentation product; a solid-liquid separation step, i.e., separating the fermentation product using a solid-liquid separator to obtain a solid product and a liquid product; Among them, the crusher, refiner, mixing device, fermenter and solid-liquid separator are connected in series to form an automatic assembly line, and the automatic assembly line is arranged as a whole in an insulation enclosure structure; In addition, a solar energy collecting structure is provided on the fermenter and the heat-insulating enclosure structure, and the solar energy collecting structure is used to provide solar energy to the fermentation chamber of the fermenter.

2. The method for preparing organic products from waste fruit according to claim 1, wherein: The thermal insulation enclosure structure comprises a supporting frame and a thermal insulation material covering the supporting frame, and a transparent area is formed on the thermal insulation material at least at a position corresponding to the solar energy collecting structure.

3. The method for preparing organic products from waste fruit according to claim 1, wherein: The fermenter comprises a horizontal cylinder, slurry is input from one end of the horizontal cylinder and fermentation product is output from the other end of the horizontal cylinder, and a solar energy collection structure on the top of the horizontal cylinder comprises a transparent light guide window.

4. The method for preparing organic products from waste fruit according to claim 1, wherein: During the fermentation step, natural climatic conditions are fully utilized, and the fermentation temperature is controlled to the required temperature suitable for the bacteria through the synergistic effect of the heat preservation enclosure structure and the solar energy collection structure.

5. The method for preparing organic products from waste fruits according to claim 4, wherein: The waste fruits are citrus fruits; the natural climate conditions belong to winter and spring; the fermentation temperature is 8°C-20°C; the bacteria are lactic acid bacteria or yeasts suitable for fermentation at the fermentation temperature and producing organic acids; the fermentation product is obtained when the pH value of the slurry is reduced to 3.5-4.0 through fermentation; the solid product and the liquid product can be used as organic fertilizer.

6. An apparatus for preparing organic products from waste fruit, characterized in that: include: Crusher for crushing waste fruit into crushed material; Refiner, used to grind crushed materials into pulp; A mixing device, used to add and mix bacterial strains into the slurry; A fermenter, used to ferment the slurry to which the bacterial strain is added to obtain a fermentation product; A solid-liquid separator is used to separate the fermentation product into a solid product and a liquid product; Among them, the crusher, refiner, mixing device, fermenter and solid-liquid separator are connected in series to form an automatic assembly line, and the automatic assembly line is arranged as a whole in an insulation enclosure structure; In addition, a solar energy collecting structure is provided on the fermenter and the heat-insulating enclosure structure, and the solar energy collecting structure is used to provide solar energy to the fermentation chamber of the fermenter.

7. The device for preparing organic products from waste fruits according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thermal insulation enclosure structure comprises a supporting frame and a thermal insulation material covering the supporting frame, and a transparent area is formed on the thermal insulation material at least at a position corresponding to the solar energy collecting structure.

8. The device for preparing organic products from waste fruits according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fermenter comprises a horizontal cylinder, slurry is input from one end of the horizontal cylinder and fermentation product is output from the other end of the horizontal cylinder, and a solar energy collection structure on the top of the horizontal cylinder comprises a transparent light guide window.

9. The apparatus for preparing organic products from waste fruit according to claim 8, characterized in that: A central spindle with a transmission end passing through the horizontal cylinder and connected to the rotary drive mechanism is provided in the horizontal cylinder. The central spindle is composed of multiple sleeves connected in series. Each sleeve is provided with an independent spiral blade. A spline shaft core is installed between any adjacent sleeves. The two ends of each spline shaft core are respectively matched with the corresponding sleeve spline. The middle part of each spline shaft core forms a rotating wear-resistant ring for assembly in the corresponding lifting ring. The lifting ring is hung in the horizontal cylinder by a cantilever.

10. The device for preparing organic products from waste fruit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The light-transmitting plate of the transparent light-guiding window adopts a plane Fresnel lens array plate.

Images