Hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid two-phase conversion method

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid two-phase conversion method which is suitable for a gas-solid two-phase conversion device containing a hydrogenation container and a hydrogen desorption container. The hydrogenation container is provided with a first heat preservation container and a first pipe group and is provided with a feeding port and a discharging port; the hydrogen releasing container comprises a second heat preservation container, a second pipe set, a feeding port, a discharging port and a hydrogen collecting pipeline. The method comprises the following steps: placing a solid hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded in a hydrogenation container, heating, introducing hydrogen, and introducing cooling water after complete absorption; and putting the full-load solid hydrogen storage carrier into a hydrogen releasing container, heating to promote the hydrogen to be discharged, releasing the hydrogen after the hydrogen is completely discharged, and introducing cooling water to complete conversion. Accurate temperature control is realized by adopting rapid heating of superheated steam and timely cooling of cold circulating water; and the heat source is adaptive to various hydrogen storage carriers. Hydrogenation and hydrogen desorption are carried out in different containers, cross contamination is prevented, and efficient process is guaranteed. The metal small-particle hydrogen storage carrier is large in specific surface area, and the hydrogen storage efficiency is improved. A steam heat source is quick in heat transfer, good in temperature control, shortened in reaction period and beneficial to industrial application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hydrogen energy storage and conversion, and in particular to a method for gas-solid bidirectional conversion of hydrogen ore carriers. Background Art

[0002] As the global energy structure transition accelerates, my country's energy supply and demand imbalance is becoming increasingly prominent. my country's inherently deficient oil and gas resources are leading to a continuously increasing dependence on foreign sources. By 2023, oil import dependence will exceed 70%, and natural gas import dependence will reach 45%, posing severe challenges to energy supply security. This passive dependence on foreign sources for traditional energy is forcing my country to accelerate the development of a diversified and sustainable energy system.

[0003] As a zero-carbon clean energy, hydrogen energy has the characteristics of wide sources and recyclability, and has become an important fulcrum of my country's energy security strategy. In recent years, solid-state hydrogen storage technology has made breakthroughs, and hydrogen mineral carrier products have gradually matured, but the lagging of supporting gas-solid conversion technology has become a bottleneck restricting the large-scale application of hydrogen energy. Existing conversion equipment has problems such as low efficiency, high energy consumption, and insufficient safety, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of industry, transportation, power generation and other fields for the rapid and efficient use of hydrogen energy. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a set of safe, reliable and easy-to-operate hydrogen mineral carrier gas-solid two-phase conversion methods to open up the key links from hydrogen storage to application, promote the deep integration of the hydrogen energy industry and the traditional energy system, thereby reducing dependence on imported oil and gas and building a solid national energy security line. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application proposes a hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid two-phase conversion method, which is characterized by using a hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid two-phase conversion device to perform hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid two-phase conversion.

[0005] The hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid bidirectional conversion device includes a hydrogenation container and a hydrogenation discharge container. The hydrogenation container includes a first thermal insulation container and a first pipe group. The first thermal insulation container is made of thermal insulation material, and the top of the first thermal insulation container includes a hydrogenation feed port, and the bottom of the first thermal insulation container includes a hydrogenation discharge port. The first pipe group includes a plurality of first superheated steam outlet pipes and first cold circulating water outlet pipes uniformly arranged within the first thermal insulation container.

[0006] The hydrogen discharge container includes a second thermal insulation container and a second tube group. The second thermal insulation container is made of thermal insulation material. The top of the second thermal insulation container includes a hydrogen discharge inlet and a hydrogen collection pipe. The bottom of the second thermal insulation container includes a hydrogen discharge outlet. The second tube group includes a plurality of second superheated steam outlet pipes and second cold circulating water outlet pipes evenly arranged in the second thermal insulation container.

[0007] Including steps:

[0008] piling an empty solid hydrogen storage carrier in a hydrogenation container, heating the hydrogenation container and introducing hydrogen, and introducing cooling water after all the hydrogen has entered the solid hydrogen storage carrier; and

[0009] The fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier is piled up in the hydrogen decomposition container, and the hydrogen decomposition container is heated. When all the hydrogen is discharged from the solid hydrogen storage carrier, the hydrogen is released from the hydrogen decomposition container and cooling water is introduced.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, an empty solid hydrogen storage carrier is stacked in a hydrogenation container, the hydrogenation container is heated and hydrogen is introduced, and cooling water is introduced after all the hydrogen enters the solid hydrogen storage carrier, including the following steps:

[0011] The solid hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded is piled up in a hydrogenation container, and a heat source is introduced to heat the hydrogenation container;

[0012] The pressurized hydrogen enters the hydrogenation container from the hydrogenation discharge port until the hydrogenation container is filled with hydrogen;

[0013] When the hydrogenation container reaches the hydrogenation process temperature, hydrogen begins to enter the solid-state hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded; and when all the hydrogen enters the solid-state hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded, cooling water is introduced to cool it down.

[0014] In one possible embodiment, a fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier is stacked in a hydrogen discharge container, the hydrogen discharge container is heated, and after all hydrogen is discharged from the solid hydrogen storage carrier, the hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen discharge container and cooling water is introduced, including the following steps:

[0015] The fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier is stacked in the hydrogen discharge container, and a heat source is introduced to heat the hydrogen discharge container;

[0016] When the hydrogen discharge container reaches the hydrogen discharge process temperature, hydrogen begins to be discharged from the fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier; and when all the hydrogen is discharged from the fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier, the hydrogen in the hydrogen discharge container is discharged and cooling water is introduced to cool it down.

[0017] In one possible embodiment, when all the hydrogen enters the solid hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded, cooling water is introduced to cool it down, which includes the following steps:

[0018] The hydrogenation container is depressurized; and the hydrogenation container is purged with argon gas to discharge the fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier in the hydrogenation container.

[0019] In one possible embodiment, when all hydrogen is discharged from the fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier, the hydrogen in the hydrogen discharge container is discharged and cooling water is introduced to cool it down, which includes the following steps:

[0020] The hydrogen degassing container is depressurized; and the hydrogen degassing container is purged with argon gas to discharge the empty solid hydrogen storage carrier in the hydrogen degassing container.

[0021] In one possible embodiment, an empty solid hydrogen storage carrier is placed into the hydrogenation container through the hydrogenation feed port at the top of the hydrogenation container; a fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier is placed into the hydrogenation container through the hydrogenation feed port at the top of the hydrogenation container.

[0022] In one possible embodiment, the solid hydrogen storage carrier is small metal particles.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, the heat source is a steam heat source.

[0024] In a possible embodiment, the heating temperature range of the heat source is 150°C-430°C.

[0025] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0026] This hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid two-phase conversion method significantly improves the gas-solid conversion efficiency and system stability of the hydrogen storage carrier by optimizing temperature control, process design, and safety protection. The specific beneficial effects are as follows:

[0027] Superheated steam is used to quickly heat the container to the process temperature, shortening the heating time; cold circulating water is used to cool it down in time to avoid overheating that affects the reaction stability, thereby achieving precise temperature control of the hydrogen adsorption and release process.

[0028] The heat source temperature covers a wide range and can adapt to the reaction temperature requirements of different metal particle hydrogen storage carriers, broadening the scope of application of the technology.

[0029] The hydrogenation and dehydrogenation processes are carried out in independent containers to avoid cross-contamination from gas-solid conversion and achieve efficient connection of the "hydrogenation-storage-dehydrogenation" process.

[0030] Small metal particles are used as hydrogen storage carriers. Their large specific surface area can increase the rate and capacity of hydrogen adsorption / release, and improve the hydrogen storage efficiency per unit volume.

[0031] Steam heat source has the characteristics of high heat transfer efficiency and good temperature controllability. It can quickly heat the container to the process temperature, shorten the reaction cycle, and is suitable for large-scale industrial applications.

[0032] Other features and aspects of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0034] Figure 1A A structural diagram of a hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid bidirectional conversion hydrogenation device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0035] Figure 1B A structural diagram of a hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid bidirectional conversion hydrogen release device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0036] Figure 2 A diagram showing the steps of the gas-solid bidirectional conversion method of the hydrogen ore carrier according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent elements with the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.

[0038] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention or simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0040] The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, example, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0041] In addition, numerous specific details are provided in the detailed description below to better illustrate the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present application can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the main purpose of the present application.

[0042] Hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid bidirectional conversion device

[0043] With specific reference to FIG1 , FIG1 shows a structural diagram of a hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid bidirectional conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application. The device includes at least one hydrogenation container and at least one hydrogen discharge container. The hydrogenation container includes a first heat-insulating container 101 and a first tube group 102. The first heat-insulating container 101 includes an integrally connected first top cover, a first hollow cylindrical body, and a first bottom cover. The first top cover includes a hydrogenation feed port 110, and the first bottom cover includes a hydrogenation discharge port 111. The first heat-insulating container 101 includes an integrally connected first top cover, a first hollow cylindrical body, and a first bottom cover, forming a tank structure with a hollow center for placing...

[0044] The first tube assembly includes a plurality of first superheated steam outlet pipes 130 and first cold circulating water outlet pipes 131 uniformly arranged within the first insulated container 101. These first superheated steam outlet pipes 130 and first cold circulating water outlet pipes 131 are bent into shapes that match the interior bottom seal and hollow cylindrical main structure of the first insulated container 101. The hydrogen discharge container includes a second insulated container 103 and a second tube assembly 104. The second insulated container 103 includes an integrally connected second top seal, a second hollow cylindrical main body, and a second bottom seal. The second top seal includes a hydrogen discharge inlet 120 and a hydrogen collection pipe 121, while the second bottom seal includes a hydrogen discharge outlet 122. The second tube assembly 104 includes a plurality of second superheated steam outlet pipes 140 and second cold circulating water outlet pipes 141 uniformly arranged within the second insulated container. These second superheated steam outlet pipes 140 and second cold circulating water outlet pipes 141 are bent into shapes that match the interior bottom seal and hollow cylindrical main structure of the second insulated container 103.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, the first insulated container 101 is constructed of polyurethane foam insulation material. The first top-sealed hydrogenation feed port 110 and the first bottom-sealed hydrogenation discharge port 111 are flanged interfaces, suitable for pressurized feed and discharge. The integrated insulation layer structure improves heat retention and reduces heat loss from the hydrogenation reaction. Clearly defined feed and discharge ports ensure orderly input and output of hydrogen ore carriers, ensuring material flow during the hydrogenation process.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the superheated steam outlet pipe and the cold circulating water outlet pipe are made of stainless steel pipes and are arranged in contact with the inner wall of the insulation layer. By matching the shape of the pipes, the contact area with the material in the hydrogenation container is increased. The superheated steam can efficiently provide the heat required for the reaction, and the cold circulating water can quickly remove excess heat, accurately controlling the hydrogenation reaction temperature to ensure the reaction rate and stability.

[0047] In one possible embodiment, at least two stages of hydrogenation feed ball valves 150 are provided above the hydrogenation feed port 110 , at least two stages of hydrogenation feed ball valves 151 are provided above the hydrogenation feed port 120 , and a pressure relief valve 152 is provided on the side of the hydrogenation feed port 110 .

[0048] In one possible embodiment, at least two stages of hydrogenation unloading ball valves 160 are provided below the hydrogenation unloading port 111, at least two stages of hydrogenation unloading ball valves 161 are provided below the hydrogenation unloading port 122, a three-way valve 162 is provided on the side of the hydrogenation unloading port 111, and an argon valve 163 is provided on the side of the hydrogenation unloading port 122.

[0049] Optionally, two-stage pneumatic ball valves are installed above both the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation feed ports 120: the first stage is a quick shutoff valve, and the second stage is a precision regulating valve. A spring-loaded safety valve is used as the pressure relief valve on the side of the hydrogenation feed port 110. The two-stage ball valves can accommodate different flow requirements. The pressure relief valve automatically opens when the feed exceeds pressure, releasing pressure and protecting the feed pipeline and container, thereby enhancing system safety.

[0050] Optionally, the three-way valve 162 on the side of the hydrogenation discharge port 111 is a T-type manual valve. The three-way valve 162 can switch the discharge path, and the argon valve 163 allows argon to be introduced to replace the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen discharge port 122 to ensure discharge safety.

[0051] In one possible embodiment, the hydrogenation feed ball valve 150 and the hydrogenation degassing feed ball valve 151 include backflush components.

[0052] In one possible embodiment, the hydrogenation unloading ball valve 160 and the hydrogenation unloading ball valve 161 include a backflush assembly.

[0053] Optionally, the backflush assembly is connected to an external nitrogen source. After the ball valve is closed, nitrogen backflush is periodically applied to purge the ball valve sealing surfaces and flow path. Nitrogen backflush removes residual material and impurities from the ball valve, preventing material adhesion that could affect valve sealing and opening and closing, extending the life of the ball valve and ensuring a smooth feed path. Purging before discharge prevents material accumulation from clogging the discharge port. During discharge, backflush aids material flow, improving discharge efficiency while also cleaning the valve interior and reducing residual corrosion.

[0054] In one possible embodiment, the first port of the three-way valve 162 is connected to the hydrogenation discharge port 111 , the second port of the three-way valve 162 is connected to the argon collection device, and the third port of the three-way valve 162 is connected to the hydrogen collection device.

[0055] In a possible implementation, a valve 170 is provided above the hydrogen collection pipe 121 .

[0056] In a possible implementation, a measuring and weighing device 180 is respectively provided below the first back cover and the second back cover.

[0057] In a possible embodiment, the first thermal insulation container 101 is externally wrapped with a first shell, and the second thermal insulation container externally includes a second shell.

[0058] Optionally, both the first and second housings are made of stainless steel, customized to the shape of the insulation layer, secured with bolts, and equipped with access windows. The housings protect the insulation layer from damage from collisions and scratches, extending the life of the insulation material. Stainless steel is corrosion-resistant and suitable for industrial environments, while also giving the device a clean appearance and facilitating integrated installation.

[0059] Gas-solid bidirectional conversion method for hydrogen ore carrier

[0060] The present application proposes a hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid two-phase conversion method, which is characterized by being applicable to a hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid two-way conversion device, the hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid two-way conversion device comprising a hydrogenation container and a hydrogenation container;

[0061] The hydrogenation container includes a first thermal insulation container 101 and a first tube group. The top of the first thermal insulation container 101 includes a hydrogenation feed port 110, and the bottom of the first thermal insulation container 101 includes a hydrogenation discharge port 111. The first tube group includes a plurality of first superheated steam outlet pipes and first cold circulating water outlet pipes uniformly arranged in the first thermal insulation container 101.

[0062] The hydrogen discharge container includes a second thermal insulation container 103 and a second tube group 104. The top of the second thermal insulation container 103 includes a hydrogen discharge inlet 120 and a hydrogen collection pipe 121, and the bottom of the second thermal insulation container 103 includes a hydrogen discharge outlet 122. The second tube group 104 includes a plurality of second superheated steam outlet pipes 140 and second cold circulating water outlet pipes 141 evenly arranged in the second thermal insulation container 103.

[0063] specifically refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The diagram shows the steps of the gas-solid bidirectional conversion method of the hydrogen ore carrier of the embodiment of the present application. The method includes step 201, the solid hydrogen storage material to be loaded is hoisted to the top of the buffer silo, the discharge port of the shipping tank is concentric with the feed port of the buffer silo, the discharge valve is triggered to open, the storage material falls into the buffer silo, the feed exhaust gas is purified by the filter cartridge dust collector and then discharged, the dust collector is back-blown with argon gas at regular intervals, and the dust is cleared and falls back into the silo to prevent the storage material from contacting the air or water. In this way, the storage material is effectively prevented from reacting with air and water during the feeding process, the stability of the storage material properties is ensured, and the safety and reliability of the subsequent conversion process are improved. At the same time, the cleaning and maintenance of the dust collector ensures the dust removal effect and prevents dust accumulation from affecting the production environment.

[0064] Specifically, in actual operation, the elevator uses a belt elevator, which features high conveying capacity, high lifting height, and stable and reliable operation. It can quickly and stably lift the solid hydrogen storage material to the top of the buffer silo. The buffer silo is equipped with a material level sensor. When the material level reaches the set upper limit, the discharge valve automatically closes to prevent the material from overflowing. The belt elevator ensures efficient material transportation, and the material level sensor realizes automated control, avoiding manual errors and improving the automation level and safety of the feeding process.

[0065] Specifically, a flexible connection is installed between the discharge port of the shipping tank and the feed port of the buffer silo. Made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant silicone, the flexible connection ensures a tight seal during the discharge process while compensating for displacement caused by installation errors or thermal expansion and contraction. The cartridge dust collector uses a pulse jet cleaning method, with the pulse jet interval and pressure set via a controller for efficient cleaning. The flexible connection enhances the sealing and adaptability of the discharge system, while the pulse jet cleaning method improves the dust collector's cleaning efficiency, extends the service life of the cartridge filters, and ensures consistent dust removal.

[0066] In step 202, the stored material is fed from the buffer silo to a closed tube-chain conveyor. Selected bulk materials meet the requirements. The tube-chain conveyor minimizes material damage, maintains a leak-proof seal, and can unload material at any location along the conveyor path. It can also feed multiple sets of fixed gas-solid two-phase converters simultaneously. The closed tube-chain conveyor ensures that the material is isolated from the outside environment during transportation, preventing contamination and leakage. It minimizes material damage and maintains its original properties. It also enables multi-location unloading and multi-group feeding, improving conveying flexibility and production efficiency.

[0067] Specifically, the tube chain conveyor's drive motor uses a variable frequency motor, allowing it to adjust the conveying speed based on actual production needs. The speed can be reduced during the initial feeding phase to prevent material accumulation and blockage. The tube chain conveyor's chain is constructed of high-strength stainless steel, with links connected by a special articulated joint system to enhance the chain's wear resistance and tensile strength, ensuring long-term stable operation. The variable frequency motor allows for flexible adjustment of conveying speed to accommodate varying production conditions, while the high-strength stainless steel chain enhances the reliability and service life of the tube chain conveyor, reducing equipment maintenance costs.

[0068] Specifically, an electric discharge valve is installed at the discharge port of the tube chain conveyor. Remotely controlled via a PLC control system, it precisely controls the discharge volume based on the feed requirements of each gas-solid two-phase converter. Multiple anti-jamming monitoring points are installed inside the tube chain conveyor. When a material jam is detected, the system automatically issues an alarm and stops operation to prevent equipment damage. The electric discharge valve precisely controls the discharge volume, improving feed accuracy. The anti-jamming monitoring points promptly detect and address equipment failures, ensuring safe and stable operation and minimizing downtime.

[0069] Step 203: stacking the empty solid hydrogen storage carrier in a hydrogenation container, heating the hydrogenation container and introducing hydrogen, and introducing cooling water after all the hydrogen has entered the solid hydrogen storage carrier;

[0070] Specifically, when stacking the empty solid-state hydrogen storage carriers in the hydrogenation vessel, a layered stacking method is adopted. After each stacking height reaches a certain level, the solid-state hydrogen storage carriers are vibrated using a flat vibrator to make the stacking more compact and improve the hydrogen absorption efficiency. Before the hydrogen is introduced, the hydrogenation vessel is first vacuumed to expel the air inside the container and reduce the impact of impurity gases on the hydrogenation reaction. The layered stacking and vibrating operations increase the stacking density of the solid-state hydrogen storage carriers, providing more absorption space for hydrogen and increasing the amount of hydrogen absorbed. The vacuuming process removes impurity gases, ensuring that the hydrogenation reaction is carried out in a pure environment, improving the reaction rate and product quality.

[0071] Specifically, when hydrogen is introduced, a staged pressurization method is used: hydrogen is first introduced at a low pressure to allow it to slowly diffuse into the solid hydrogen storage carrier, and then the pressure is gradually increased to ensure sufficient hydrogen absorption. During the hydrogenation process, the temperature, pressure, and hydrogen concentration within the hydrogenation container are monitored in real time. The control system automatically adjusts the hydrogen introduction rate and heating temperature to ensure that the reaction proceeds under optimal conditions. The staged pressurization method allows for more uniform diffusion and absorption of hydrogen, improving hydrogen utilization. Real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment ensure that the hydrogenation process is safe, stable, and efficient, avoiding safety accidents and inadequate reactions caused by abnormal parameters.

[0072] In step 204, the top feed port is connected to the feed port of a tube chain conveyor and is equipped with a two-stage purge ball valve. The bottom discharge port is connected to the feed port of another tube chain conveyor and is also equipped with a two-stage purge ball valve. The outer shell is equipped with multiple sets of independent circulating heating multi-tube heat exchangers. Pressure is controlled by valves. Superheated steam is passed from the bottom to the top for step-by-step heating to ensure that the temperature and pressure are within a safe range. Excess heat is cooled by cooling water. Flexible insulation is installed on the outside and top of the multi-tube heat exchanger. The bottom discharge channel is equipped with a ball valve to connect the inner cavity to argon gas purge. The discharge material is 316L, which is resistant to high temperature, high pressure and corrosion. When fully loaded, heating and cooling are turned off, and the pressure relief valve is opened to purge the discharge with argon gas. Two-stage ball valves with purge ensure sealing and cleanliness during the feeding and discharging process, preventing material leakage and the ingress of external impurities; multi-tube heat exchanger and step-by-step heating method achieve precise temperature control; flexible insulation layer reduces heat loss and improves energy efficiency; 316L material ensures long-term stable operation of the equipment under harsh working conditions; argon purge ensures thorough discharge and avoids material residue.

[0073] Specifically, the two-stage purge ball valves use high-purity nitrogen as the purge gas. Nitrogen has stable chemical properties and will not react with solid hydrogen storage carriers. During the purge process, a flow meter precisely controls the nitrogen flow rate to ensure effective purge performance. The heat exchange tubes of the multi-tube heat exchanger use a finned tube structure to increase the heat exchange area and improve heat exchange efficiency. Each heat exchanger group is equipped with an independent temperature sensor to monitor the heat exchange temperature in real time. Precise temperature control is achieved by adjusting the superheated steam flow rate. The high-purity nitrogen purge ensures the cleanliness of the feeding and discharge pipes, preventing impurities from affecting product quality. The finned tube structure and independent temperature sensor ensure that the multi-tube heat exchanger has better heat exchange performance and more precise temperature control, ensuring that the temperature inside the hydrogenation vessel meets process requirements.

[0074] Specifically, a reflective thermal insulation coating is applied to the outer surface of the flexible insulation layer to further reduce heat loss through radiation. The argon gas purge in the bottom discharge channel adopts a pulsed purge method. By setting the pulse interval and purge time, the purge efficiency is improved to ensure that any residual material in the cavity is completely discharged. The reflective thermal insulation coating enhances thermal insulation and reduces energy consumption. The pulsed argon gas purge cleans the cavity more thoroughly, preventing any residual material from affecting the next production run, thereby improving the equipment's production efficiency and product quality.

[0075] Step 205 , stacking the fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier in a hydrogen discharge container, heating the hydrogen discharge container, and when all the hydrogen is discharged from the solid hydrogen storage carrier, releasing the hydrogen from the hydrogen discharge container and introducing cooling water.

[0076] In one specific embodiment, the hydrogen undergoes preliminary filtration before leaving the hydrogen discharge container. The filtration device utilizes a wire mesh filter element, effectively removing solid hydrogen storage carrier particles and other impurities carried in the hydrogen. Cooling water is introduced through a countercurrent cooling method, with the water entering the hydrogen discharge container from the bottom and exiting from the top. This improves cooling efficiency and rapidly reduces the container temperature. The wire mesh filter element purifies the hydrogen, improving its quality. The countercurrent cooling method enhances cooling efficiency, shortens cooling time, and improves production efficiency, preparing for the next hydrogen discharge operation.

[0077] In one possible embodiment, unloaded solid-state hydrogen storage carriers are stacked in a hydrogenation container, the hydrogenation container is heated and hydrogen is introduced, and cooling water is introduced after all the hydrogen enters the solid-state hydrogen storage carrier. The steps include 301: stacking the solid-state hydrogen storage carriers to be loaded in the hydrogenation container, and introducing a heat source to heat the hydrogenation container; step 302: pressurized hydrogen enters the hydrogenation container from the hydrogenation discharge port 111 until the hydrogenation container is filled with hydrogen; step 303: when the hydrogenation container reaches the hydrogenation process temperature, hydrogen begins to enter the solid-state hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded; and step 304: when all the hydrogen enters the solid-state hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded, cooling water is introduced to cool it.

[0078] In one possible embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage carriers to be loaded are stacked using a combination of manual and mechanical methods. A robotic arm first places the hydrogen storage carriers within the hydrogenation vessel, followed by manual adjustments to ensure uniform stacking. When a heat source is introduced to heat the hydrogenation vessel, a temperature gradient heating method is used, starting with heating from the bottom of the vessel and gradually transferring heat upward to avoid reaction variations caused by uneven temperatures. This combined manual and mechanical stacking ensures uniform stacking of the solid-state hydrogen storage carriers, facilitating uniform hydrogen absorption. The temperature gradient heating method ensures a reasonable temperature distribution within the hydrogenation vessel, improving the consistency and efficiency of the hydrogenation reaction.

[0079] In one possible embodiment, the pressurized hydrogen is set at 5 MPa. A high-precision pressure sensor monitors the pressure within the hydrogenation vessel in real time. When the pressure reaches the set value, the hydrogen inlet valve automatically closes. During the hydrogen introduction process, the hydrogen is preheated to raise its temperature to a temperature close to the hydrogenation process temperature, minimizing energy losses caused by temperature differences. Precise pressure control ensures the safety and stability of hydrogen introduction, while hydrogen preheating improves energy efficiency, accelerates the hydrogenation reaction, and shortens reaction time.

[0080] In one possible embodiment, a fully loaded solid-state hydrogen storage carrier is stacked in a hydrogen desorption container, the hydrogen desorption container is heated, and when all the hydrogen is discharged from the solid-state hydrogen storage carrier, the hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen desorption container, and cooling water is introduced, including step 401, stacking the fully loaded solid-state hydrogen storage carrier in the hydrogen desorption container, and introducing a heat source to heat the hydrogen desorption container; step 402, when the hydrogen desorption container reaches the hydrogen desorption process temperature, hydrogen begins to be discharged from the fully loaded solid-state hydrogen storage carrier; and step 403, when the hydrogen is completely discharged from the fully loaded solid-state hydrogen storage carrier, the hydrogen in the hydrogen desorption container is discharged, and cooling water is introduced to cool it.

[0081] In one specific embodiment, a fully loaded solid-state hydrogen storage carrier is transported to a hydrogen discharge container via a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor's blades utilize a variable pitch design, with a smaller pitch near one end of the hydrogen discharge container. This allows the material to enter the container slowly and evenly, preventing accumulation. A heat source is introduced to heat the hydrogen discharge container, using a circulating heating method. The heat source circulates within the container, ensuring a consistent temperature across the container. The variable pitch screw conveyor ensures uniform material transport and accumulation, while the circulating heating method maintains a uniform temperature within the hydrogen discharge container, creating conditions for uniform hydrogen release and improving hydrogen discharge efficiency and quality.

[0082] In one specific embodiment, hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen discharge container through a multi-stage compression recovery method. The hydrogen is first compressed to a certain pressure, stored in a buffer tank, and then compressed again to improve hydrogen recovery efficiency. After cooling water is introduced, a temperature sensor monitors the cooling rate of the hydrogen discharge container in real time. If the cooling rate is too slow, the cooling water flow rate is automatically increased. Multi-stage compression recovery of hydrogen improves resource utilization and reduces production costs. Real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the cooling water flow rate ensure rapid cooling of the hydrogen discharge container, improving production efficiency and shortening production cycles.

[0083] In one possible embodiment, when all the hydrogen enters the solid hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded, cooling water is introduced to cool it down, and the process includes step 501 of depressurizing the hydrogenation container; and step 502 of purging the hydrogenation container with argon to discharge the fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier in the hydrogenation container.

[0084] In one specific embodiment, a staged pressure relief method is used to relieve pressure in a hydrogenation vessel. The pressure relief valve is first slowly opened to reduce the pressure inside the vessel to a certain level, and then fully opened to prevent sudden pressure drops from impacting the equipment. During the pressure relief process, a pressure sensor monitors pressure changes in real time and issues a warning signal when the pressure drops to a safe range. This staged pressure relief method protects the equipment from damage caused by sudden pressure changes. Real-time pressure monitoring ensures a safe and controllable pressure relief process, preventing accidents.

[0085] In one specific embodiment, when purging a hydrogenation vessel with argon, the argon is ejected through multiple purge nozzles distributed within the vessel. The purge nozzles utilize a rotating design to expand the purge range, ensuring that every corner of the vessel is purged. During the purge process, a flow controller precisely controls the argon flow rate, ensuring effective purge performance while minimizing argon waste. The rotating purge nozzles improve purge efficiency and effectiveness, ensuring that fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carriers are completely discharged. The flow controllers ensure the rational use of argon, reducing production costs.

[0086] In one possible embodiment, when all hydrogen is discharged from the fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier, the hydrogen in the hydrogen discharge container is discharged, and cooling water is introduced to cool it down, which includes step 601, depressurizing the hydrogen discharge container; and step 602, purging the hydrogen discharge container with argon gas to discharge the empty solid hydrogen storage carrier in the hydrogen discharge container.

[0087] In one specific embodiment, when depressurizing a hydrogen discharge container, a muffler is installed on the pressure relief pipe to reduce noise generated during the process. A check valve is also provided on the pressure relief pipe to prevent external gas from backflowing into the hydrogen discharge container. The pressure relief process is controlled in stages, with the pressure relief rate automatically adjusted based on the pressure within the container. The muffler reduces noise pollution, the check valve ensures equipment safety, and the staged pressure relief rate control ensures a smooth process, avoiding adverse effects on the equipment and production environment.

[0088] In one specific embodiment, before purging the hydrogen discharge container with argon, an internal inspection is performed. A camera installed inside the container is used to observe the interior to ensure that no residual material is present. During the purging process, a combination of pulsed and continuous purging is employed: pulsed purging is first performed to remove large pieces of residual material, followed by continuous purging to thoroughly clean the container's interior. This internal inspection ensures that the container is in good condition before purging. The combination of pulsed and continuous purging improves the purging effect, ensuring the hydrogen discharge container is clean and ready for the next production run.

[0089] In one possible embodiment, an empty solid hydrogen storage carrier is placed into the hydrogenation container through the hydrogenation feed port 110 at the top of the hydrogenation container; a fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier is placed into the hydrogenation container through the hydrogenation feed port 120 at the top of the hydrogenation container.

[0090] In one specific embodiment, when an empty solid-state hydrogen storage carrier is placed in a hydrogenation vessel, a vibrating feeder is installed at the hydrogenation feed port 110. The vibrating feeder can adjust the feeding speed as needed to ensure that the hydrogen storage carrier enters the vessel evenly and slowly, avoiding uneven accumulation caused by excessively fast feeding. A protective shield is also installed around the feed port to prevent material splashing. The vibrating feeder precisely controls the feeding speed, ensuring uniform accumulation of the hydrogen storage carrier, while the protective shield ensures operator safety and improves the working environment.

[0091] In one specific embodiment, when a fully loaded solid-state hydrogen storage carrier is placed in the hydrogen discharge container, an automatic weighing system is linked to the feed port. When the weight of the loaded hydrogen storage carrier reaches a set value, the feed port automatically closes. A deflector is provided at the hydrogen discharge feed port 120 to allow the material to slide along the inner wall of the container, preventing it from directly impacting the container bottom and reducing wear and tear on the container. The automatic weighing system ensures accurate feeding each time, improving production consistency and stability. The deflector protects the container bottom, extending the container's service life and reducing equipment maintenance costs.

[0092] In one possible embodiment, the solid hydrogen storage carrier is small metal particles.

[0093] In one specific embodiment, the small metal particles are magnesium-aluminum alloy particles, which have high hydrogen storage density, excellent hydrogen absorption and desorption properties, and are relatively low in cost. The magnesium-aluminum alloy particles are processed into spherical shapes. Spherical particles have low surface energy, making them more likely to form a densely packed structure during stacking, which is beneficial for hydrogen absorption and release. As a solid hydrogen storage carrier, the magnesium-aluminum alloy particles maintain high hydrogen storage performance while reducing costs. The spherical structure increases particle packing density and hydrogen diffusion efficiency, improving the overall gas-solid two-phase conversion performance of the hydrogen ore carrier.

[0094] In one specific embodiment, the particle size of the metal particles is controlled between 0.5 and 1 mm. This particle size range ensures a large specific surface area, enhancing hydrogen reactivity, while also preventing particle agglomeration and poor fluidity caused by a too small particle size. The metal particles are nano-coated with a catalytic transition metal oxide to reduce the activation energy of the hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions and accelerate the reaction rate. The appropriate particle size and nano-coating further enhance the hydrogen absorption and desorption properties of the metal particle solid hydrogen storage carrier, shortening reaction time and increasing production efficiency.

[0095] In a possible implementation manner, the heat source is a steam heat source.

[0096] The steam heat source is provided by an industrial boiler that utilizes a gas-steam combined cycle. This system first generates high-temperature, high-pressure gas from gas combustion to drive a steam turbine for power generation. The waste heat from the turbine is then used to heat water and generate steam, improving energy efficiency. The generated steam is transported to the heat exchangers in the hydrogenation and desorption vessels via insulated pipes. The pipes are wrapped in multiple layers of insulation and equipped with steam traps to promptly drain condensate from the pipes and maintain steam quality. The gas-steam combined cycle improves energy efficiency and reduces production costs. The insulated pipes and steam traps ensure minimal heat loss and consistent steam quality during transportation, providing a stable and reliable heat source for the gas-solid two-phase conversion of the hydrogen ore carrier.

[0097] In the application of steam heat source, a steam pressure regulating device is set to adjust the steam pressure according to the different requirements of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation processes.

[0098] In a possible embodiment, the heating temperature range of the heat source is 150°C-430°C.

[0099] The embodiments of the present application have been described above. The above description is illustrative and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is selected to best explain the principles of the embodiments, their practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other persons skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid two-phase conversion method, characterized in that: Use hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid bidirectional conversion device to perform hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid biphase conversion; The hydrogen ore carrier gas-solid bidirectional conversion device includes a hydrogenation container and a hydrogenation container; The hydrogenation container includes a first thermal insulation container and a first tube group, the first thermal insulation container is made of thermal insulation material, the top of the first thermal insulation container includes a hydrogenation feed port, and the bottom of the first thermal insulation container includes a hydrogenation discharge port; the first tube group includes a plurality of first superheated steam outlet pipes and first cold circulating water outlet pipes uniformly arranged in the first thermal insulation container; The hydrogen discharge container includes a second thermal insulation container and a second tube group. The second thermal insulation container is made of thermal insulation material. The top of the second thermal insulation container includes a hydrogen discharge inlet 120 and a hydrogen collection pipe. The bottom of the second thermal insulation container includes a hydrogen discharge outlet. The second tube group includes a plurality of second superheated steam outlet pipes and a second cold circulating water outlet pipe evenly arranged in the second thermal insulation container. Including steps: piling the solid hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded in a hydrogenation container, heating the hydrogenation container and introducing hydrogen, and introducing cooling water after all the hydrogen has entered the solid hydrogen storage carrier; and The fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier is piled up in the hydrogen degassing container, and the hydrogenation container is heated. When all the hydrogen is discharged from the solid hydrogen storage carrier, the hydrogen is released from the hydrogen degassing container and cooling water is introduced.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps of piling the solid hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded in a hydrogenation container, heating the hydrogenation container and introducing hydrogen, and introducing cooling water after all the hydrogen has entered the solid hydrogen storage carrier include: The solid hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded is piled up in a hydrogenation container, and a heat source is introduced to heat the hydrogenation container; The pressurized hydrogen enters the hydrogenation container from the hydrogenation discharge port until the hydrogenation container is filled with hydrogen; When the hydrogenation container reaches the hydrogenation process temperature, hydrogen begins to enter the solid hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded; and When all the hydrogen enters the solid hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded, cooling water is introduced to cool it down.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The method of stacking a fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier in a hydrogen discharge container, heating the hydrogenation container, and releasing the hydrogen from the hydrogen discharge container after all hydrogen is discharged from the solid hydrogen storage carrier, and introducing cooling water comprises the following steps: The fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier is stacked in the hydrogen discharge container, and a heat source is introduced to heat the hydrogen discharge container; When the hydrogenation container reaches the dehydrogenation process temperature, hydrogen begins to be discharged from the fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier; and When all the hydrogen is discharged from the fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier, the hydrogen in the hydrogen discharge container is discharged and cooling water is introduced to cool it down.

4. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that When all the hydrogen enters the solid hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded, cooling water is introduced to cool it down, including the following steps: Depressurize the hydrogenation vessel; and The hydrogenation container is purged with argon gas to discharge the fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier in the hydrogenation container.

5. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that When all the hydrogen is discharged from the fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier, the hydrogen in the hydrogen discharge container is discharged and cooling water is introduced to cool it down, which includes the following steps: Depressurize the hydrogen discharge container; and The hydrogen discharge container is purged with argon gas to discharge the solid hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded in the hydrogen discharge container.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The solid-state hydrogen storage carrier to be loaded is placed into the hydrogenation container through the hydrogenation feed port on the top of the hydrogenation container; The fully loaded solid hydrogen storage carrier is placed into the hydrogen degassing container through the hydrogen degassing feed port 120 at the top of the hydrogen degassing container.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The solid hydrogen storage carrier is small metal particles.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The heat source is a steam heat source.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The heating temperature range of the heat source is 150°C-430°C.

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