Artemisia argyi compound feed capable of reducing cholesterol and resisting viruses as well as preparation method and application of artemisia argyi compound feed

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, and particularly discloses a wormwood compound feed capable of reducing cholesterol and resisting viruses as well as a preparation method and application of the wormwood compound feed. The wormwood compound feed comprises the following raw materials: wormwood dry powder, mulberry leaf powder, moringa oleifera leaf powder, a houttuynia cordata extract and a fermentation carrier, the fermentation carrier comprises at least one of lactobacillus fermented soybean meal and lactobacillus fermented corn flour. The invention successfully develops the wormwood compound feed capable of reducing cholesterol and resisting viruses through scientific proportioning and an innovative process. The feed can significantly reduce cholesterol, and has high practical application value and market prospect. Compared with the traditional feed, the feed disclosed by the invention has obvious advantages in the aspects of functionality, safety, bioavailability, economic benefit and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of feed, and in particular to a cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As people pursue a healthier diet, the demand for functional feed is growing. As a traditional Chinese medicinal material, mugwort is rich in a variety of nutrients and pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antibacterial, immunity-enhancing, warming the meridians and stopping bleeding, and dispelling cold and relieving pain. It has broad application prospects in the field of feed. In the existing technology, the proportion of dry mugwort powder is only 15-20%, the release of effective ingredients is insufficient, and the functional effect is not significant. However, a single mugwort feed is difficult to meet the diversified functional needs of modern animal husbandry for feed. The lack of multi-plant compound formulas cannot cover multiple functions such as cholesterol lowering and antiviral. Most of the feed products on the current market focus on increasing the growth rate and egg production rate of animals, but ignore the impact of feed on animal health and egg quality.

[0003] In addition, traditional feed formulas often add a large amount of antibiotics and hormones to promote animal growth and prevent diseases. However, the long-term use of these additives will not only lead to drug resistance in animals, but will also be transmitted to humans through the food chain, posing a potential threat to human health. The current technology is backward, and the traditional boiling method and simple mixing process lead to the loss of active ingredients and low bioavailability. In the existing technology, the cholesterol content of poultry eggs fed with conventional feed is generally ≥1700mg / 100g, and the folic acid content is ≤20μg / 100g. Traditional mugwort feed cannot achieve dual regulation of cholesterol and viruses due to insufficient release rate of active ingredients (<50%).

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a cholesterol-lowering and antiviral mugwort compound feed and its preparation method and application, so as to comprehensively improve the quality of eggs, reduce cholesterol content and enhance the antiviral ability of poultry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a cholesterol-lowering and antiviral mugwort compound feed and its preparation method and application, which comprehensively improves the quality of eggs, reduces cholesterol content and enhances the antiviral ability of poultry.

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed.

[0007] Specifically, the raw materials of the wormwood compound feed include wormwood dry powder, mulberry leaf powder, moringa leaf powder, houttuynia cordata extract and a fermentation carrier;

[0008] The fermentation carrier includes at least one of soybean meal fermented by lactic acid bacteria and corn meal fermented by lactic acid bacteria.

[0009] Preferably, the fermentation carrier is soybean meal fermented by lactic acid bacteria.

[0010] More preferably, the strain of the lactic acid bacteria fermented soybean meal is Lactobacillus plantarum CGMCC No. 12586, and the fermentation conditions are: soybean meal: water = 1:1.5, and static fermentation at 37° C. for 48 hours.

[0011] Preferably, the raw materials of the mugwort compound feed include, by weight, 45 to 55 parts of mugwort dry powder, 15 to 25 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 10 to 20 parts of moringa leaf powder, 1 to 10 parts of houttuynia cordata extract and 5 to 15 parts of fermentation carrier.

[0012] Further preferably, the raw materials of the mugwort compound feed include, by weight, 50-55 parts of mugwort dry powder, 20-25 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 10-15 parts of Moringa leaf powder, 1-5 parts of Houttuynia cordata extract and 10-15 parts of fermentation carrier.

[0013] More preferably, the raw materials of the mugwort compound feed include, by weight, 50 parts of mugwort dry powder, 20 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 15 parts of Moringa leaf powder, 5 parts of Houttuynia cordata extract and 10 parts of fermentation carrier.

[0014] Mugwort powder: antibacterial and antiviral, destroys the cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms through volatile oils, and flavonoids enhance the activity of immune cells.

[0015] Mulberry leaf powder: lowers cholesterol, plant sterols competitively inhibit the activity of cholesterol synthase.

[0016] Mugwort powder is the main source of folic acid, with a content of about 120μg / 100g, followed by mulberry leaf powder, with a content of about 90μg / 100g.

[0017] Moringa leaf powder: lowers blood sugar, and isothiocyanates regulate the insulin secretion pathway.

[0018] Houttuynia cordata extract: Antiviral, houttuynia cordata inhibits viral RNA polymerase. When the proportion of houttuynia cordata extract is greater than 10 parts, the feed palatability decreases (feed intake decreases by 15%).

[0019] Lactic acid bacteria fermented soybean meal: improves absorption rate, and lactic acid bacteria metabolites decompose anti-nutritional factors.

[0020] The ingredients in the formula have a synergistic mechanism, forming an immune enhancement axis and a metabolic regulation axis, which work together.

[0021] Verification of the synergistic effect of each ingredient:

[0022] Immune enhancement axis: The combination of wormwood essential oil (1,8-cineole) and houttuynia cordata increased the inhibition rate of avian influenza virus (H9N2) to 82.5±3.2% (≤60% when used alone);

[0023] Metabolic regulation axis: Mulberry leaf phytosterols and Moringa isothiocyanate work together to increase the inhibition rate of cholesterol synthase (HMG-CoA reductase) activity by 40%.

[0024] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed.

[0025] Specifically, the preparation method of the cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed comprises the following steps:

[0026] (1) First, sieve and mix the dried mugwort powder, mulberry leaf powder and Moringa leaf powder;

[0027] (2) adding a fermentation carrier to perform dynamic fermentation to obtain a fermented feed;

[0028] (3) mixing the Houttuynia cordata extract with a polymer wall material for nano-encapsulation to obtain nanocapsules;

[0029] (4) The fermented feed in step (2) is mixed with the nanocapsules in step (3), and the mixture is dried to obtain the cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood composite feed.

[0030] Preferably, in step (1), the sieve aperture of the sieving is 75 to 85 meshes to ensure uniform particle size of each raw material.

[0031] Further preferably, in step (1), the sieve aperture of the sieving is 80-85 mesh.

[0032] More preferably, in step (1), the sieve aperture of the sieving is 80 mesh.

[0033] Preferably, in step (2), the temperature of the dynamic fermentation is 35-37° C., the humidity of the dynamic fermentation is 60-70%, and the time of the dynamic fermentation is 36-60 h.

[0034] Further preferably, in step (2), the temperature of the dynamic fermentation is 35-37° C., the humidity of the dynamic fermentation is 60-70%, and the time of the dynamic fermentation is 36-48 hours.

[0035] More preferably, in step (2), the dynamic fermentation temperature is 35-37°C, the dynamic fermentation humidity is 60-70%, and the dynamic fermentation time is 48 hours. The folic acid synthesis rate is 78±5% at 36 hours, reaches a peak of 98±2% at 48 hours, and drops to 85±3% at 60 hours.

[0036] Preferably, in step (3), the mixing ratio of the Houttuynia cordata extract to the polymer wall material is 1:4-6.

[0037] Further preferably, in step (3), the mixing ratio of the Houttuynia cordata extract to the polymer wall material is 1:5-6.

[0038] More preferably, in step (3), the mixing ratio of the Houttuynia cordata extract to the polymer wall material is 1:5.

[0039] Preferably, the polymer wall material comprises chitosan.

[0040] Preferably, the chitosan has a molecular weight of 10 to 50 kDa and a degree of deacetylation of ≥85%.

[0041] Preferably, in step (3), the particle size of the nanocapsules is 50-200 nm. The embedding efficiency of nanocapsules with a particle size <50 nm is less than 70%, the burst release effect of nanocapsules with a particle size >200 nm is >40%, and the sustained release efficiency of nanocapsules with a particle size of 50-200 nm is 90%.

[0042] Preferably, in step (4), the moisture content of the cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed is 8-10%.

[0043] Preferably, in step (4), the drying treatment adopts fluidized bed drying, and the inlet air temperature is 55-65°C.

[0044] A third aspect of the present invention provides an application of a cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed in the field of poultry farming.

[0045] Specifically, the application includes reducing the cholesterol content of poultry eggs and improving their antiviral ability.

[0046] Preferably, the poultry include laying hens, broiler chickens, ducks and geese.

[0047] Preferably, the application stages of the poultry include the brooding period and the egg-laying period.

[0048] Preferably, the laying hens include Hy-Line Brown breed laying hens.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] Through scientific formulation and innovative processes, the present invention has successfully developed a cholesterol-lowering and antiviral mugwort compound feed. This feed significantly increases the folic acid content of eggs and reduces cholesterol, demonstrating high practical application value and market prospects. Compared with traditional feeds, the feed of the present invention exhibits significant advantages in functionality, safety, bioavailability, and economic benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the following examples are given for illustration. It should be noted that the following examples do not limit the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0052] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents, or devices used in the following examples can be obtained from conventional commercial sources or by existing known methods.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] A cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed and a preparation method thereof.

[0055] The raw materials of the mugwort compound feed are 50 parts of mugwort dry powder, 20 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 15 parts of moringa leaf powder, 5 parts of houttuynia cordata extract and 10 parts of lactic acid bacteria fermented soybean meal, calculated by weight.

[0056] The preparation method of wormwood compound feed comprises the following steps:

[0057] (1) First, sieve the dried mugwort powder, mulberry leaf powder and moringa leaf powder to 80 mesh and mix them.

[0058] (2) adding lactic acid bacteria to ferment soybean meal, completing lactic acid bacteria inoculation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35-37°C, the humidity at 60-70%, and the ventilation at moderate levels, performing dynamic fermentation for 48 hours, and subjecting the fermentation product to low-temperature drying to obtain fermented feed; this step improves the digestibility and nutritional value of the feed through lactic acid bacteria fermentation, and produces rich probiotics and metabolites, which helps to enhance the immunity and intestinal health of animals.

[0059] (3) The Houttuynia cordata extract and chitosan wall material are mixed in a ratio of 1:5 and then nano-encapsulated. The Houttuynia cordata extract is encapsulated in the wall material using the emulsification-solvent evaporation method to form nanocapsules; this step improves the stability and bioavailability of the Houttuynia cordata extract through nanotechnology, enabling it to better exert its antiviral and antibacterial effects.

[0060] (4) The fermented feed in step (2) is mixed with the nanocapsules in step (3), and the mixture is dried to control the moisture content to be 8-10%, thereby obtaining a cholesterol-lowering and antiviral mugwort compound feed.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] A cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed and a preparation method thereof.

[0063] The difference from Example 1 is that the dynamic fermentation temperature in the preparation method is 37° C. and the humidity is 65%. The remaining preparation steps and raw materials are the same as those in Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] A cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed and a preparation method thereof.

[0066] The raw materials of the mugwort compound feed are 10 parts of mugwort dry powder, 20 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 15 parts of moringa leaf powder, 5 parts of houttuynia cordata extract and 50 parts of lactic acid bacteria fermented soybean meal, calculated by weight.

[0067] The preparation method of wormwood compound feed comprises the following steps:

[0068] (1) First, sieve the dried mugwort powder, mulberry leaf powder and Moringa leaf powder to 80 mesh respectively and mix them.

[0069] (2) adding lactic acid bacteria to ferment soybean meal, completing lactic acid bacteria inoculation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35-37°C, the humidity at 60-70%, and the ventilation at moderate levels, performing dynamic fermentation for 48 hours, and subjecting the fermentation product to low-temperature drying to obtain fermented feed; this step improves the digestibility and nutritional value of the feed through lactic acid bacteria fermentation, and produces rich probiotics and metabolites, which helps to enhance the immunity and intestinal health of animals.

[0070] (3) The Houttuynia cordata extract and chitosan wall material are mixed in a ratio of 1:5 and then nano-encapsulated. The Houttuynia cordata extract is encapsulated in the wall material using the emulsification-solvent evaporation method to form nanocapsules; this step improves the stability and bioavailability of the Houttuynia cordata extract through nanotechnology, enabling it to better exert its antiviral and antibacterial effects.

[0071] (4) The fermented feed in step (2) is mixed with the nanocapsules in step (3), and dried to control the moisture content to 8-10%, thereby obtaining a cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed.

[0072] Comparative Example 2

[0073] A cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed and a preparation method thereof.

[0074] The wormwood compound feed, calculated by weight, comprises 50 parts of wormwood dry powder, 40 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 5 parts of moringa leaf powder and 5 parts of houttuynia cordata extract.

[0075] The preparation method of wormwood compound feed comprises the following steps:

[0076] (1) First, sieve the dried mugwort powder, mulberry leaf powder and moringa leaf powder to 80 mesh respectively and mix them to obtain a premix.

[0077] (2) The houttuynia cordata extract and chitosan wall material were mixed in a ratio of 1:5 and then nano-encapsulated. The houttuynia cordata extract was embedded in the wall material using an emulsification-solvent evaporation method to form nanocapsules.

[0078] (3) The premix in step (1) is mixed with the nanocapsules in step (2), and the mixture is dried to control the moisture content to be 8-10%, thereby obtaining a cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed.

[0079] Comparative Example 3

[0080] A cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed and a preparation method thereof.

[0081] The raw materials of the mugwort compound feed are 50 parts of mugwort dry powder, 20 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 15 parts of moringa leaf powder, 5 parts of houttuynia cordata extract and 10 parts of lactic acid bacteria fermented soybean meal, calculated by weight.

[0082] The preparation method of wormwood compound feed comprises the following steps:

[0083] (1) First, sieve the dried mugwort powder, mulberry leaf powder and moringa leaf powder to 80 mesh and mix them.

[0084] (2) adding lactic acid bacteria to ferment soybean meal, completing lactic acid bacteria inoculation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 40°C, the humidity at 60-70%, and the ventilation to be moderate, performing dynamic fermentation for 48 hours, and performing low-temperature drying on the fermentation product to obtain fermented feed; this step improves the digestibility and nutritional value of the feed through lactic acid bacteria fermentation, and produces rich probiotics and metabolites, which helps to enhance the immunity and intestinal health of animals.

[0085] (3) The Houttuynia cordata extract and chitosan wall material are mixed in a ratio of 1:5 and then nano-encapsulated. The Houttuynia cordata extract is encapsulated in the wall material using the emulsification-solvent evaporation method to form nanocapsules; this step improves the stability and bioavailability of the Houttuynia cordata extract through nanotechnology, enabling it to better exert its antiviral and antibacterial effects.

[0086] (4) The fermented feed in step (2) is mixed with the nanocapsules in step (3), and the mixture is dried to control the moisture content to be 8-10%, thereby obtaining a cholesterol-lowering and antiviral mugwort compound feed.

[0087] Comparative Example 4

[0088] A conventional feed.

[0089] Conventional feed ingredients: 60 parts of corn, 25 parts of soybean meal, and 15 parts of premix (composition see Table 1).

[0090] Table 1 Composition of raw materials of premix

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] 1. Animal Experiment Design

[0094] 750 laying hens of similar weight and good health were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups, each with 150 hens. The hens were fed with the feeds of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, respectively, for a period of 90 days.

[0095] 2. Experimental results:

[0096] Table 2 Test results of each group

[0097] Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Egg production rate (%) 89±1.5 88.5±1.6 80±2.1 85±1.8 83±1.9 82±2 Average egg weight (g) 57±1.2 56.8±1.3 55±1.5 56±1.3 56.5±1.4 56±1.5 Egg cholesterol content (mg / 100g) 1450±25 1455±26 1650±30 1550±28 1500±26 1780±30 Egg folic acid content (μg / 100g) 28±0.8 26.6±0.7 20±0.6 23±0.7 25±0.7 18±0.5

[0098] The egg production rate of the laying hens in the Example 1 group of the present invention increased by 8.5% compared with the conventional feed in the Comparative Example 4, and the average weight of the eggs also increased (1.8%). More importantly, the cholesterol content of the eggs in Example 1 was significantly reduced by 18.5%, while the folic acid content was increased by 55.6%. Example 1 fully released folic acid precursors. These data fully demonstrate the significant effect of the wormwood compound feed provided by the present invention in improving egg quality and reducing feeding costs. Compared with traditional feed, the wormwood compound feed of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0099] 1. Strong functionality: The feed of the present invention achieves multiple health benefits such as cholesterol lowering and antiviral by scientifically proportioning multiple natural plant ingredients, while traditional conventional feed often only focuses on improving the growth rate and egg production rate of animals.

[0100] 2. High safety: The feed of the present invention does not contain chemical additives, which ensures the naturalness and safety of the feed. Traditional conventional feeds are often added with additives such as antibiotics and hormones, which pose a potential threat to the health of animals and humans.

[0101] 3. High bioavailability: The feed of the present invention improves the digestibility and nutritional value of the feed through innovative processes such as dynamic fermentation and nano-encapsulation, while the bioavailability of traditional conventional feed is often low.

[0102] 4. Good economic benefits: Although the feed of the present invention may have a slightly higher production cost than traditional conventional feed, it has better overall economic benefits because it can improve egg quality and reduce feeding costs (such as reducing the use of vaccines and antibiotics).

[0103] Comparative Example 1 Due to the insufficient proportion of wormwood dry powder, the source of folic acid is insufficient, the antibacterial and antiviral effects are weakened, the fermentation carrier accounts for too high a proportion, and the active ingredient concentration is diluted, which further leads to a decrease in egg quality and egg production rate. Although the cholesterol content of Comparative Example 2 is lower than that of the conventional feed group of Comparative Example 4, due to the excessive proportion of mulberry leaf powder, excessive mulberry leaf powder inhibits nutrient absorption, and lacks a fermentation carrier, unfermented folic acid bioavailability is reduced, the overall nutrition of the feed is unbalanced, and the egg production rate is affected. Comparative Example 3 Due to the high fermentation temperature (40°C), the activity of lactic acid bacteria is destroyed, the folic acid synthesis efficiency decreases (the optimum folic acid synthesis temperature is 35-37°C), and the active ingredient release rate in the feed is reduced, resulting in a feed effect that is not as good as Example 1. The dynamic fermentation process of the present invention can increase the folic acid biosynthesis rate by about 30%, and high temperature fermentation (such as 40°C in Comparative Example 3) can cause the folic acid loss rate to exceed 15%. Since Comparative Example 3 retains the basic formula (wormwood / mulberry leaves / moringa), the total amount of phytosterols is still higher than that of conventional feed, so the cholesterol content (1500 mg) is better than that of Comparative Example 4 (1780 mg). However, the abnormal fermentation temperature leads to the loss of active ingredients, and the efficacy is reduced by more than 25% compared with Example 1.

[0104] 3. Antiviral efficacy verification:

[0105] On the 60th day of the experiment, 30 chickens in each group were challenged with H9N2 virus intranasally (10^6 EID50).

[0106] Table 3 Antiviral efficacy verification

[0107] Group Survival rate Lung tissue viral load (log10 TCID50 / g) Example 1 93.3％ 3.2±0.4 Comparative Example 4 66.7％ 5.8±0.6

[0108] The above describes in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concepts of the present invention without inventive effort. Therefore, any technical solutions derived from modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art based on the concepts of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of the prior art shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed, characterized in that: The raw materials of the wormwood compound feed include wormwood dry powder, mulberry leaf powder, moringa leaf powder, houttuynia cordata extract and a fermentation carrier; The fermentation carrier includes at least one of soybean meal fermented by lactic acid bacteria and corn meal fermented by lactic acid bacteria.

2. The wormwood compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that The raw materials of the wormwood compound feed include, by weight, 45 to 55 parts of wormwood dry powder, 15 to 25 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 10 to 20 parts of moringa leaf powder, 1 to 10 parts of houttuynia cordata extract and 5 to 15 parts of fermentation carrier.

3. The method for preparing the cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) First, sieve and mix the dried mugwort powder, mulberry leaf powder and Moringa leaf powder; (2) adding a fermentation carrier to perform dynamic fermentation to obtain a fermented feed; (3) mixing the Houttuynia cordata extract with a polymer wall material for nano-encapsulation to obtain nanocapsules; (4) The fermented feed in step (2) is mixed with the nanocapsules in step (3), and the mixture is dried to obtain the cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood composite feed.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step (1), the sieve aperture of the sieving is 75 to 85 meshes.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step (2), the temperature of the dynamic fermentation is 35-37° C., the humidity of the dynamic fermentation is 60-70%, and the time of the dynamic fermentation is 36-60 hours.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step (3), the mixing ratio of the Houttuynia cordata extract and the polymer wall material is 1:4-6.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that The polymer wall material includes chitosan.

8. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step (3), the particle size of the nanocapsules is 50 to 200 nm.

9. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step (4), the moisture content of the cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed is 8-10%.

10. Use of the cholesterol-lowering and antiviral wormwood compound feed according to any one of claims 1 to 2 in the field of poultry farming; The applications include reducing the cholesterol content of poultry eggs and improving their antiviral ability.

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