Composition and feed for preventing lamb diarrhea

Abstract

The invention discloses a composition and feed for preventing lamb diarrhea, and relates to the technical field of lamb feeds, the composition comprises the following raw materials by weight: 6%-10% of bee venom antibacterial peptide; 1%-3% of lactein; 2%-5% of phage freeze-dried powder; 4%-6% of tannic acid; 30%-40% of glycolysate montmorillonite; 1%-3% of a milk fragrance agent; 1%-3% of a sweetening agent; 8%-11% of a flavor enhancer; and 25%-30% of yeast hydrolysate. According to the technical scheme, a quadruple integrated technical system is created for the first time; four innovation dimensions realize the crossing of lamb diarrhea prevention and treatment from passive treatment to active defense; in the antibacterial dimension, bee venom antibacterial peptide and bacteriophage break through a biological membrane barrier; according to the barrier dimension, tannic acid and glycolysate montmorillonite are used for constructing double shields; according to the ecological dimension, lactein and yeast hydrolysate drive flora balance; and metabolism dimension: forcible ingestion of a flavoring agent and nutrition restoration of a flavor enhancer are combined, so that malnutrition secondary infection is blocked. And in a verification experiment, the diarrhea approaching zero is realized, and the clearance rate of pathogenic bacteria is greater than 99.99% (100 times higher than that of a double-component group).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lamb feed, in particular to a composition and feed for preventing lamb diarrhea. Background Art

[0002] Lambs are young ruminants, but their digestive physiology is similar to that of monogastric animals, and their digestive system structure and function are not yet fully developed. After weaning, they often experience diarrhea when consuming concentrate supplements, forage, and other diets, as well as when exposed to environmental factors. Lamb diarrhea occurs year-round, with no seasonal or patterned onset. It is a common gastrointestinal disease in lambs, significantly impacting their development, growth, and survival. Lambs have low immunity and resistance during this stage. If diarrhea is not promptly prevented and treated, they can suffer from emaciation, dehydration, and anemia. In large herds, diarrhea rates can reach 90-100%, with mortality rates exceeding 50%, posing a significant threat to the sustainable development of the livestock industry. Due to the complex etiology and difficulty in diagnosis, long-term treatment is often unresolved. The main causes of lamb diarrhea include bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections, low immunity, and improper husbandry and management (overeating or starving, feed changes, mold, and water contamination). Common preventive measures include pen disinfection, lambing assistance disinfection, improved ewe nutrition, and medication. Lambs usually have a high incidence of diarrhea 1-2 months after birth, with clinical manifestations such as enteritis, diarrhea, and dehydration. If the treatment measures are inappropriate, death will occur after a week. In the past, when lambs had diarrhea, the breeding side had to use a large amount of various drugs for treatment, which not only increased the breeding cost, but more importantly, drug residues in the body. Long-term and repeated treatment led to a decrease in their own immunity, decreased disease resistance, weakened gastrointestinal nutrient absorption, slow growth, and even death. In response to the above situation, under current conditions, the feed side uses functional additives in the feed to promote healthy intestinal development and reduce the occurrence of diarrhea. Therefore, the breeding industry is in urgent need of a green and safe functional additive composition that can be used through the feed route to promote healthy intestinal development in lambs and prevent the occurrence of diarrhea.

[0003] Since the ban on the addition of pharmaceutical additives to feed (excluding anticoccidial additives), various media outlets and conference presentations have recommended various "antibiotic-alternative" or "antibiotic-free" combinations for piglet feed. Most of these recommendations are from additive companies, specifically to boost usage or sales, primarily for piglet diarrhea prevention. While these solutions vary widely, their effectiveness and cost-effectiveness warrant verification. Combination solutions for lamb diarrhea prevention are particularly rare. The recommended or introduced combinations require scientific testing and practical verification of their effectiveness and efficacy at a specific scale.

[0004] On the feed side, most approaches draw on experience in preventing and treating piglet diarrhea, using combinations of plant essential oils, acidifiers, antimicrobial peptides, butyrates, and tannins—commonly referred to as "antibiotic alternatives" or "antibiotic-free" approaches—to prevent lamb diarrhea. Regardless of the industry's recommended approach, effectiveness and cost are paramount. Whether the alternative or "antibiotic-free" approach truly delivers on its promise is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is to provide a composition for preventing lamb diarrhea, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bee venom antimicrobial peptide 6%-10%; Lactobacillus 1%-3%; Bacteriophage freeze-dried powder 2%-5%; Tannic acid 4%-6%; Fermented polysaccharide montmorillonite 30%-40%; Milk flavoring agent 1%-3%; Sweetener 1%-3%; Umami agent 8%-11%; Yeast hydrolyzate 25%-30%.

[0006] Furthermore, the composition for preventing lamb diarrhea comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bee venom antimicrobial peptide 8%; Lactobacillus 1.5%; Bacteriophage freeze-dried powder 3% Tannic acid 5%; Fermented polysaccharide montmorillonite 40%; Milk flavor 2%; Sweetener 2%; Umami agent 10%; Yeast hydrolysate 28.5%.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides a feed comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: Corn flour 40%-52%; Expanded soybean powder 6%-10%; Extruded soybean meal (45%) 8%-11%; Distillers grains from corn (DDGS) 18%-22%; Rice bran meal 7%-11%; Stone powder (100 mesh) 1%-1.8%; Calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%-0.8%; Sodium chloride 0.6%-0.9%; Bentonite 1%; 0.7%-1.1% of the composition for preventing lamb diarrhea as described above; Lamb premix 1%.

[0008] Furthermore, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: corn flour 46.6%; Expanded soybean powder 8%; Extruded soybean meal (45%) 9.5%; Distillers grains from corn (DDGS) 20%; Rice bran meal 10%; Stone powder (100 mesh) 1.5%; Calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.6%; Sodium chloride 0.8%; Bentonite 1%; A composition for preventing diarrhea in lambs 1%; Lamb premix 1%.

[0009] Furthermore, the crude protein content of the feed is higher than 18.0%.

[0010] This invention's technical solution pioneers a four-pronged integrated technology system: four innovative dimensions transform the prevention and treatment of lamb diarrhea from passive treatment to active defense: antimicrobial: bee venom antimicrobial peptides (broad-spectrum membrane disruption) + bacteriophages (precise lysis) break through the biofilm barrier; barrier: tannic acid (anti-inflammatory and astringent) + fermented polysaccharide montmorillonite (adsorption and film formation) create a dual shield; ecological: lactobacilli (occupying antibacterial) + yeast hydrolysate (prebiotic support) drive microbial balance; metabolic: flavors force feeding + flavor enhancers restore nutrition, preventing secondary infections caused by malnutrition. Validation experiments achieved near-zero diarrhea, with a pathogen clearance rate exceeding 99.99% (a 100-fold improvement compared to the two-component group). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The present invention proposes a composition for preventing lamb diarrhea, aiming to design a functional additive composition mainly for preventing lamb diarrhea, which is applied to lamb feed to reduce the probability of lamb diarrhea.

[0012] The composition and feed for preventing lamb diarrhea proposed by the present invention will be described in detail in the following specific examples:

[0013] Example 1: A composition for preventing diarrhea in lambs, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bee venom antimicrobial peptide 6%-10%; Lactobacillus 1%-3%; Bacteriophage freeze-dried powder 2%-5%; Tannic acid 4%-6%; Fermented polysaccharide montmorillonite 30%-40%; Milk flavoring agent 1%-3%; Sweetener 1%-3%; Umami agent 8%-11%; Yeast hydrolyzate 25%-30%; The above raw material components add up to 100%.

[0014] It can be understood that all components used are products within the scope of the feed raw material catalog and additive usage specifications of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

[0015] The first quadruple integrated technology system: Four innovative dimensions enable the transition from passive treatment to active defense in the prevention and treatment of lamb diarrhea: Antibacterial dimension: Bee venom antimicrobial peptides (broad-spectrum membrane breaking) + bacteriophages (precise lysis) break through the biofilm barrier; Barrier dimension: Tannic acid (anti-inflammatory and astringent) + fermented polysaccharide montmorillonite (adsorption-film formation) build a double shield; Ecological dimension: Lactobacillus (occupying space and inhibiting bacteria) + yeast hydrolyzate (prebiotic support) drive bacterial balance; Metabolic dimension: forced feeding with flavoring agents + nutritional restoration with umami agents to block secondary infection caused by malnutrition.

[0016] The first four-in-one integrated technology system of "pathogen elimination-mucosal repair-microecological regulation-nutritional intervention".

[0017] The five core functions of bacteriophages in feed: 1. Precise targeted sterilization: Target pathogens: Gram-positive bacteria: Clostridium perfringens (lamb dysentery), Staphylococcus aureus; Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli (ETEC), Salmonella; Comparative advantages: Traditional antibiotics: broad-spectrum bactericidal → disrupt the balance of intestinal flora; Bacteriophages: Precisely target pathogenic bacteria → protect rumen and intestinal probiotics (such as cellulolytic bacteria); 2. Reduce dependence on antibiotics: Replacement of preventive antibiotics (e.g. chlortetracycline in lamb starter feed); Reduce the risk of spreading drug-resistant genes: Bacterial resistance to bacteriophages is not related to antibiotic resistance mechanisms; 3. Regulate intestinal microecology: Eliminate pathogens → reduce competition for micro-ecological niches → promote colonization of probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria; Indirectly improve feed conversion rate; 4. Toxin neutralization assistance: Lysis of toxin-producing bacteria (such as Clostridium perfringens) → reducing the secretion of α-toxins, enterotoxins, etc. from the source; It can be used in conjunction with montmorillonite and other adsorbents to enhance the detoxification effect; 5. No residue and safety: Mammalian cells have no phage receptors → zero toxicity to sheep; There is no restriction on drug withdrawal period and no residue risk in dairy / meat products.

[0018] The formulation design is shown in Table 1; Table 1:

[0019] Stability assurance technology: Microencapsulation: Liposome / sodium alginate encapsulation resists gastric acid (pH < 3.0) and bile salts; Heat-resistant modification: screening of heat-resistant strains (>80°C) or gene editing to improve thermal stability (for feed pelleting); Lyoprotectant: Trehalose + gelatin improves storage stability (store at 4°C for ≥12 months); Delivery System Innovation: Rumen-targeted release: pH-sensitive capsules are released in segments in the abomasum / intestine; Biofilm penetrant: Combined with chitosanase to enhance the penetration of bacteriophage into bacterial biofilm; The application scenarios and effectiveness data are shown in Table 2; Table 2:

[0020] The advantages compared with the traditional solution are shown in Table 3; Table 3:

[0021] The core value of bacteriophage in feed: "One precision, two breakthroughs, three guarantees"; Precision: Targeted elimination of pathogens without harming beneficial bacteria; Breakthrough: Solving the problem of antibiotic resistance and residues; Guarantee: Maintain intestinal ecology + improve production performance + ensure food safety.

[0022] Transforming bacteriophages into "invisible guards" in feed, establishing a dynamic biological defense network in the animal intestines, and achieving a revolutionary upgrade to antibiotic-free and healthy farming.

[0023] Bacteriophages prevent diarrhea by “precisely targeting and lysing” pathogenic bacteria: Identification and adsorption: specifically bind to target pathogens in the lamb intestine (such as Clostridium perfringens type C, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ETEC).

[0024] Inject DNA & Replicate: Replicate in large quantities within the bacteria, disrupting bacterial metabolism.

[0025] Lysis and release: destroy the bacterial cell wall and release progeny phages to continue infecting surrounding pathogens, forming a "self-amplifying biological control"

[0026] The main pathogens and evidence are shown in Table 4: Table 4:

[0027] Note: Clostridium perfringens (especially type C) is the main cause of diarrhea and death in lambs within one week of birth, and bacteriophage prevention and control has the highest value.

[0028] Lamb supplement feed: add 300-400g / t of bacteriophage per ton of supplement feed.

[0029] Formulation design: Include 3-5 phages with complementary lysis profiles to cover locally prevalent strains (e.g., Clostridium A and C). Phage libraries should be regularly updated to address pathogen mutations.

[0030] Triple synergistic antibacterial test (unified CLSI standard): 1. Experimental methods: Strain: Lamb-derived multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli (JL-EC-2023, resistance spectrum: AMP / CTX / TET / STR) New component: phage freeze-dried powder (containing 4 types of virulent phages: T4, φX174, PP01, SP6, titer ≥10¹¹ PFU / g) Experimental group: A: Bee venom antimicrobial peptide (BVAP) alone B: BVAP + Lactolin C: BVAP+Lactolin+Bacteriophage (triplet) Evaluation indicators: MIC (μg / mL), FIC index, inhibition rate (24h) 2. Experimental Results Table 5: Triple synergistic effect (compared with the original two-component solution)

[0031] in conclusion: The FIC index of the triple-combination regimen was 0.18 (<0.2), which was 28% more synergistic than the original two-component regimen (FIC=0.25); The inhibition rate increased from 95.3% to 99.9%, and drug-resistant bacteria were completely eliminated (P<0.001); The dosage of bee venom antimicrobial peptide decreased by 38% (0.13→0.08μg / mL), and the cost was reduced by 30%.

[0032] Lamb challenge protection experiment (evidence of clinical effect) 1. Experimental Design Animal model: 45-day-old lambs (n=40), artificially infected for 10 8 CFUJL-EC-2023 strain Control group: basic feed (tannic acid 5%; fermented polysaccharide montmorillonite 40%; milk flavor 2%; sweetener 2%; umami flavor 10%; yeast hydrolyzate 28.5%) Two-component group: base material + combination (melittin 10% + lactobacillus 2%); Triple combination group: basic material + new combination (melittin 8% + lactobacillus 1.5% + bacteriophage 3%); Detection indicators: diarrhea rate, intestinal bacterial load (CFU / g), pathological score 2. Experimental results: Table 6: Protection effect 7 days after challenge:

[0033] in conclusion: The triple group achieved near-zero diarrhea, with a pathogen clearance rate of >99.99% (100 times higher than the double-group group).

[0034] Preferably, the composition for preventing lamb diarrhea comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bee venom antimicrobial peptide 8%; Lactobacillus 1.5%; Bacteriophage freeze-dried powder 3% Tannic acid 5%; Fermented polysaccharide montmorillonite 40%; Milk flavor 2%; Sweetener 2%; Umami agent 10%; Yeast hydrolysate 28.5%.

[0035] Example 2: A feed comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: Corn flour 40%-52%; Expanded soybean powder 6%-10%; Extruded soybean meal (45%) 8%-11%; Distillers grains from corn (DDGS) 18%-22%; Rice bran meal 7%-11%; Stone powder (100 mesh) 1%-1.8%; Calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%-0.8%; Sodium chloride 0.6%-0.9%; Bentonite 1%; 0.7%-1.1% of the composition for preventing diarrhea in lambs as described in Example 1; Lamb premix 1%, the above raw material components total 100%.

[0036] Preferably, the crude protein content of the feed is higher than (including equal to) 18.0%.

[0037] Example 3: A feed comprising the following raw materials: 466kg corn flour; 80kg of expanded soybean flour; 95kg of expanded soybean meal (45%); 200kg of distillers grains dried from corn (DDGS); 100kg rice bran meal; Stone powder (100 mesh) 15kg; Calcium hydrogen phosphate 6kg; 8kg sodium chloride; 10kg bentonite; 10 kg of the composition for preventing lamb diarrhea as described in Example 1; Lamb premix 10kg; The above components total 1000kg.

[0038] The crude protein content of the feed is higher than 18.0%.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A composition for preventing diarrhea in lambs, characterized in that It includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bee venom antimicrobial peptide 6%-10%; Lactobacillus 1%-3%; Bacteriophage freeze-dried powder 2%-5%; Tannic acid 4%-6%; Fermented polysaccharide montmorillonite 30%-40%; Milk flavoring agent 1%-3%; Sweetener 1%-3%; Umami agent 8%-11%; Yeast hydrolyzate 25%-30%.

2. The composition for preventing lamb diarrhea according to claim 1, characterized in that The composition for preventing lamb diarrhea comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bee venom antimicrobial peptide 8%; Lactobacillus 1.5%; Bacteriophage freeze-dried powder 3% Tannic acid 5%; Fermented polysaccharide montmorillonite 40%; Milk flavor 2%; Sweetener 2%; Umami agent 10%; Yeast hydrolysate 28.5%.

3. A feed, characterized in that It includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: Corn flour 40%-52%; Expanded soybean powder 6%-10%; Extruded soybean meal 8%-11%; Corn distillers grains 18%-22%; Rice bran meal 7%-11%; Stone powder 1%-1.8%; Calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%-0.8%; Sodium chloride 0.6%-0.9%; Bentonite 1%; The composition for preventing lamb diarrhea according to any one of claims 1 to 2, 0.7%-1.1%; Lamb premix 1%.

4. The feed according to claim 3, characterized in that It includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: corn flour 46.6%; Expanded soybean powder 8%; Extruded soybean meal 9.5%; Corn distillers grains 20%; Rice bran meal 10%; Stone powder 1.5%; Calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.6%; Sodium chloride 0.8%; Bentonite 1%; A composition for preventing diarrhea in lambs 1%; Lamb premix 1%.

5. The feed according to claim 4, characterized in that The crude protein content of the feed is higher than 18.0%.

Images