Cutter electric spindle structure of high-precision tooth cutting machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool motorized spindles, in particular to a high-precision tooth cutting machine tool motorized spindle structure which comprises a motorized spindle, the motorized spindle is provided with a tool changing module, the tool changing module is used for installing a tool, the motorized spindle is provided with a displacement sensor used for detecting the displacement amount of the tool, and the displacement sensor is electrically connected with an amplifier; an air outlet of the air pump faces the cutter, and the air pump is used for generating high-pressure airflow facing the cutter; the device further comprises a controller, the controller is used for driving the tool to rotate and controlling the air pump to generate high-pressure airflow opposite to the rotation direction of the tool after the tool is installed, and the controller is used for obtaining displacement data detected by the displacement sensor and judging whether the tool is installed abnormally or not. According to the electric spindle structure, the installation state of the tooth cutting tool can be detected after the tooth cutting tool is switched, and tooth cutting machining is conducted after it is ensured that the installation state of the tooth cutting tool meets the tooth cutting machining requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric spindles for machine tools, and in particular to a high-precision electric spindle structure for a gear-shaving machine tool. Background Art

[0002] Gear skiving technology is a new hybrid generating and forming method developed in the 21st century to address the challenges of traditional gear machining (such as hobbing, shaping, and broaching) in producing non-through, non-undercut, thin-walled, or complex internally helical gears. The principle is based on the theory of staggered helical gear meshing. The tool and workpiece axes form an intersecting angle (determined by the helix angle). Through the three-axis linkage of tool rotation, workpiece rotation, and axial feed, the tooth surface is cut point by point.

[0003] The cutting tool of a gear cutting machine is driven to rotate by an electric spindle, such as the electric spindle for a gear cutting machine tool disclosed in publication number CN102328100A. The electric spindle converts electrical energy directly into high-speed, high-precision cutting motion, replacing the belt / gear drive of a traditional mechanical spindle to achieve high-speed, high-precision, high-efficiency, and low-vibration gear cutting. The electric spindle is mainly composed of an axis and rotor assembly, a bearing support system, a cooling system, a tool interface, and a tool changing mechanism. Since gear cutting is based on the theory of gear meshing, it is necessary to replace the gear cutting tool that matches the gear for different gear processing. The replacement frequency of the gear cutting tool is higher than that of the tools of other machine tools.

[0004] Existing electric spindles can efficiently replace gear-cutting tools through a tool interface and tool-changing mechanism, and continuously monitor the status of the gear-cutting tools during the gear-cutting process using vibration sensors. For example, Publication No. CN112381388A discloses a method for monitoring the operation of a spindle motor for a CNC machine tool. However, this method lacks a method for detecting the installation status of the replaced gear-cutting tool in its non-processing state. During the gear-cutting tool replacement process, chips or impurities can easily enter the tool interface or tool-changing mechanism along with the tool holder, resulting in poor installation of the gear-cutting tool and affecting the gear-cutting accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a high-precision gear cutting machine tool electric spindle structure, which can detect the installation status of the gear cutting tool and ensure that the gear cutting tool meets the gear cutting processing requirements after being installed on the electric spindle.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a high-precision gear-shaving machine tool electric spindle structure, comprising an electric spindle, the electric spindle being provided with a tool changing module, the tool changing module being used to install a tool, the electric spindle being provided with a displacement sensor for detecting tool displacement, the displacement sensor being electrically connected to an amplifier; The air pump is further included, wherein the air outlet of the air pump is directed toward the side where the cutting tool is installed, and the air pump is used to generate a high-pressure airflow toward the cutting tool; It also includes a controller, which is used to drive the tool to rotate and control the air pump to generate a high-pressure airflow in the opposite direction of the tool rotation after the tool is installed. The controller is used to obtain displacement data detected by the displacement sensor to determine whether the tool installation is abnormal.

[0007] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects: In this solution, the tool changer module is used to install the gear-scratching tool. The installed gear-scratching tool is used for gear-scratching operations. Ensure that the tool is properly installed and meets the requirements for gear-scratching operations. If the tool is not properly installed, it will vibrate during machining, resulting in poor workpiece surface quality and the creation of scale-like chatter marks. This can also increase tool wear and reduce the life of the electric spindle.

[0008] After the user installs the gear-scraping tool, an air pump sprays high-pressure air toward the tool, and the electric spindle drives the tool in idle rotation. The airflow is in the opposite direction of the tool's rotation, simulating the tool's resistance during machining. A displacement sensor then detects the tool's displacement. Because the resistance simulated by the airflow is limited, the displacement amplitude of the tool is small. Therefore, the displacement sensor used to detect chatter displacement is connected to an amplifier to amplify the displacement data generated by the tool during the airflow simulation. This displacement data is then used to assess the tool's installation status.

[0009] Compared with the existing technology, the installation status of the gear scraping tool in the non-processing state after replacement can be effectively detected to ensure that the installation status of the gear scraping tool meets the gear scraping processing requirements before gear scraping processing is carried out; ensure the gear scraping processing accuracy and reduce the loss of the gear scraping tool and the electric spindle.

[0010] Furthermore, the tool changing module includes a tapered sleeve, a pull sleeve mounted in the tapered sleeve, and a first driving member for driving the pull sleeve to move. The pull sleeve is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the through holes are provided with balls for clamping the pull pins of the tool. The balls can float in the through holes, and the tapered sleeve is also provided with an annular cone surface for the balls to pop out to the outside of the pull sleeve.

[0011] Beneficial effect: The user can install the pull pin of the tooth scraping tool in the tool changing module. When the tooth scraping tool is installed, the ball is close to the annular conical surface, and the pull pin of the tooth scraping tool can directly enter the pull sleeve. The pull sleeve is driven by the first driving member to move axially away from the annular conical surface, so that the pull sleeve drives the ball to disengage from the annular conical surface, slide in the through hole and get stuck in the pull pin groove, thereby fixing the tool. The conical surface of the cone sleeve will also fit with the conical surface of the tool, thereby improving the installation accuracy. When the tool needs to be disassembled, the pull sleeve is driven by the first driving member to move axially close to the annular conical surface, so that the ball slides in the through hole, close to the annular conical surface and disengages from the pull pin groove, so that the pull pin of the tool will no longer be stuck by the ball, allowing for disassembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the electric spindle is provided with a rotating shaft, and the electric spindle is provided with a rotor and a stator for driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the tapered sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0013] Beneficial effect: The electric spindle drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the rotor and the stator, thereby driving the taper sleeve and the tool to rotate to perform gear skiving.

[0014] Furthermore, the first driving member includes an air-driven piston structure, which is used to drive the pulling sleeve to move axially. The pulling sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft through a coil spring.

[0015] Beneficial Effect: When installing a tool, gas is injected to drive the piston structure, causing the pull sleeve to move toward the annular cone, bringing the ball bearing closer to the cone. After installation, the gas in the piston structure is withdrawn, and the thread spring drives the pull sleeve away from the annular cone, securing the tool. The strong retraction force of the thread spring holds the tool tightly during machining, reducing the chance of the tool loosening.

[0016] Furthermore, the electric spindle is provided with a shell, the shell is provided with a first air duct, and the first air duct is connected to the piston structure.

[0017] Beneficial effect: The piston structure can be injected with wind through the first air duct on the shell to drive the piston structure to operate.

[0018] Furthermore, the cone sleeve is provided with an air inlet pipeline, and a second air duct is opened on the outer shell, and the second air duct is connected to the air inlet pipeline.

[0019] Beneficial Effect: During tool switching, impurities may enter the cone sleeve, resulting in poor tool installation. Therefore, an air inlet duct is set up in the cone sleeve, and air is supplied to the air inlet duct through a second air duct to assist in removing impurities in the cone sleeve.

[0020] Furthermore, a bearing group for reducing the rotational resistance of the cone sleeve is provided in the housing, the bearing group is provided with an air lubrication passage, and the housing is provided with a third air duct, which is connected to the air lubrication passage.

[0021] Beneficial Effects: The bearing assembly reduces the rotational resistance of the cone sleeve. During the cone sleeve's rotation, air lubrication is used to lubricate the bearing assembly, with air entering through the third air duct. Furthermore, valves are installed in the first, second, and third air ducts to prevent impurities from entering and affecting operation.

[0022] Furthermore, the air pump is provided with a second driving member, which is used to drive the air pump to move, and the air pump is used to supply air to the first air duct, the second air duct and the third air duct respectively after moving.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Since the air intake of the cone sleeve is before the installation of the tool, the air intake of the piston structure is during the installation or removal of the tool, the air flow simulation test is after the installation of the tool, and the bearing group is lubricated during the processing of the workpiece, the air pump can be driven by the second drive member to pump air for different functions at different stages.

[0024] Furthermore, a telescopic tube is provided at the air outlet of the air pump, and the telescopic tube is used to cooperate with the first air duct, the second air duct and the third air duct through telescoping.

[0025] Beneficial effect: The telescopic tube can improve the air intake effect by telescoping and pairing the first air duct, the second air duct and the third air duct.

[0026] Furthermore, the displacement sensor is an eddy current displacement sensor, and the probe of the eddy current displacement sensor faces the tool axis; The controller is used to obtain the displacement data detected by the eddy current displacement sensor. At any time during the tool acceleration phase, if there is a sudden change in the displacement data and the displacement is greater than the displacement threshold, the tool installation is judged to be abnormal. During the tool uniform speed phase, if displacements greater than the displacement threshold appear periodically in the displacement data, the tool installation is judged to be abnormal.

[0027] Beneficial effect: Since the tool is rotating, it is difficult to measure the tool displacement through contact detection. The eddy current displacement sensor performs non-contact tool displacement measurement and can better detect the tool displacement data.

[0028] Abnormal tool installation can occur in two ways: improper tool installation (either due to human error or impurities). In this case, during the acceleration phase from the inhibited state, the tool shaft will undergo one or more sudden displacement changes until it becomes locked. Although the tool shaft is locked, its actual installation state is inappropriate. If gear skiving is performed directly in this state, the tool may suddenly shift during the process, resulting in termination of the gear skiving process and even damage to the tool or workpiece. Therefore, detecting sudden displacement changes during the tool acceleration phase can detect improper tool installation and prevent subsequent gear skiving failures and damage to the tool or workpiece. Furthermore, in the case of misaligned tool installation, during the uniform rotation phase, the tool shaft's axis trajectory forms an ellipse, periodically approaching and moving away from the eddy current displacement sensor's probe, generating periodic displacement data. This displacement data can then be used to determine whether the tool is misaligned before gear skiving begins, ensuring that the tool's installation state meets the requirements before proceeding.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electric spindle structure of a high-precision gear cutting machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the air pump of the electric spindle structure embodiment of the high-precision gear cutting machine tool of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air pump function of the electric spindle structure embodiment of the high-precision gear cutting machine tool of the present invention.

[0031] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. electric spindle; 2. displacement sensor; 3. amplifier; 4. air pump; 5. taper sleeve; 6. pull sleeve; 7. first driving member; 8. through hole; 9. ball; 10. annular cone; 11. rotating shaft; 12. rotor; 13. stator; 14. piston structure; 15. thread spring; 16. first air duct; 17. air inlet duct; 18. second air duct; 19. bearing group; 20. third air duct; 21. air lubrication passage; 22. second driving member; 23. telescopic tube; 24. tool; 25. pull nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: Examples, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown: A high-precision gear cutting machine tool electric spindle structure includes an electric spindle 1, the electric spindle 1 is provided with a housing, and a tool changing module is provided in the housing of the electric spindle 1, and the tool changing module is used to install a tool 24. Specifically, the tool changing module includes a taper sleeve 5 and a pulling sleeve 6 sleeved in the taper sleeve 5. A bearing group 19 is provided between the taper sleeve 5 and the housing, and the bearing group 19 reduces the rotational resistance between the taper sleeve 5 and the housing. A rotating shaft 11 is also provided in the housing of the electric spindle 1. In some embodiments, a bearing group 19 is also provided between the rotating shaft 11 and the housing, and the bearing group 19 reduces the rotational resistance between the rotating shaft 11 and the housing. A rotor 12 is provided on the rotating shaft 11, and a stator 13 is provided in the housing at a position corresponding to the rotor 12. The rotating shaft 11 can be driven to rotate by the stator 13 and the rotor 12.

[0036] The cone sleeve 5 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 11, and the pull sleeve 6 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 11 through the threaded spring 15. Specifically, the pull sleeve 6 is coaxially fixed to the piston shaft of the threaded spring 15, and the other end of the piston shaft of the threaded spring 15 is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft 11. When the stator 13 and the rotor 12 drive the rotating shaft 11 to rotate, the rotating shaft 11 drives the cone sleeve 5 and the pull sleeve 6 to rotate synchronously. A first driving member 7 for driving the pull sleeve 6 to move is provided in the middle of the outer shell. The first driving member 7 includes an air-driven piston structure 14, and the piston structure is a pneumatic piston structure 14. The pneumatic piston structure 14 is a prior art that controls expansion and contraction by air and will not be described in detail here. The piston structure 14 is used to drive the pull sleeve 6 to move axially.

[0037] The pull sleeve 6 is provided with several through holes 8, and balls 9 are provided in the through holes 8, and the balls 9 float in the through holes 8; the balls 9 are used to squeeze the pull nails 25 that clamp the tool 24, and the inner wall of the cone sleeve 5 is provided with an annular cone surface 10, which allows the balls 9 to float to the side away from the center of the pull sleeve 6.

[0038] The housing is provided with a first air duct 16, which communicates with the piston structure 14. An air inlet duct 17 is provided within the sidewall of the cone sleeve 5, and a second air duct 18 is provided on the housing, communicating with the air inlet duct 17. An air lubrication passage 21 is provided in the bearing assembly 19, and a third air duct 20 is provided on the housing, communicating with the air lubrication passage 21. Each of the first, second, and third air ducts 16, 18, and 20 is equipped with a solenoid valve, which is electrically connected to a controller.

[0039] A displacement sensor 2 is installed near the tool changer module on the end of the electric spindle 1 for detecting the displacement of the tool 24. This displacement sensor 2 is electrically connected to an amplifier 3, which is in turn electrically connected to a controller. A second drive element 22 is mounted on the sidewall of the housing. In this embodiment, this second drive element 22 comprises a lead screw assembly and a servo motor. An air pump 4 is fixedly connected to the displacement seat of the lead screw assembly, with the air outlet of the air pump 4 facing the side where the tool 24 is mounted. A telescopic tube 23 is located at the air outlet of the air pump 4. In this embodiment, telescopic tube 23 is extended and retracted by an electrically controlled cylinder. The servo motor and the electrically controlled cylinder are electrically connected to the controller.

[0040] By controlling the servo motor to operate through the controller, the air pump 4 can be moved; by controlling the electric control cylinder to operate through the controller, the telescopic tube 23 can be extended and retracted, so that the displacement of the air pump 4 can correspond to the positions of the first air duct 16, the second air duct 18 and the third air duct 20, and the telescopic tube 23 can be docked and matched with the interfaces of the first air duct 16, the second air duct 18 and the third air duct 20, thereby realizing air supply to the first air duct 16, the second air duct 18 and the third air duct 20.

[0041] When the air pump 4 is docked and matched with the interface of the first air duct 16 (during the switching process of the tool 24 ), it is used to control the expansion and contraction of the piston structure 14 by charging and discharging air, so as to move the pulling sleeve 6 .

[0042] When the air pump 4 is docked and matched with the interface of the second air duct 18 (during the installation process of the tool 24 ), it is used to supply air to the middle conical area of ​​the cone sleeve 5 to assist in removing impurities in the cone sleeve.

[0043] When the air pump 4 is docked and matched with the interface of the third air duct 20 (the tool 24 is in the formal gear-scratching operation process), it is used to supply air into the bearing group 19 to assist in lubricating the bearing group 19.

[0044] When the air pump 4 is not docked with the first air duct 16, the second air duct 18, and the third air duct 20, the air pump 4 is used to generate a high-pressure airflow toward the cutting tool 24. After the cutting tool 24 is installed, the controller drives the cutting tool 24 to rotate and controls the air pump 4 to generate a high-pressure airflow in the opposite direction of the cutting tool 24. The controller is used to obtain displacement data detected by the displacement sensor 2 to determine whether the installation of the cutting tool 24 is abnormal. In some embodiments, the user actively notifies the controller that the installation of the cutting tool 24 is complete. In other embodiments, a pressure sensor is installed in the pull sleeve 6 and is electrically connected to the controller. When the pressure sensor detects a preset pressure value, the controller actively determines that the installation of the cutting tool 24 is complete.

[0045] Specifically, the displacement sensor 2 of this embodiment is an eddy current displacement sensor 2, and the probe of the eddy current displacement sensor 2 is directed toward the tool axis of the tool 24. The controller is used to obtain the displacement data detected by the eddy current displacement sensor 2 and execute the following detection strategy: At any point during the acceleration phase of tool 24, if a sudden displacement change is present in the displacement data and the displacement is greater than a displacement threshold, it is determined that tool 24 is improperly installed. This detection strategy targets improper installation of tool 24, which can produce sudden displacement changes during the acceleration phase. By extracting the presence of sudden displacement changes during the acceleration phase of tool 24 from the displacement data, it is determined whether tool 24 is improperly installed.

[0046] During the constant speed phase of tool 24, if displacement data periodically shows displacements greater than a displacement threshold, it is determined that tool 24 is improperly installed. This detection strategy targets situations where tool 24 is not installed on the same axis, where the axis trajectory of tool 24 is elliptical, and where tool 24 axis vibrates. The strategy extracts displacement data to determine whether displacements greater than the displacement threshold periodically appear during the constant speed phase of tool 24, and determines whether tool 24 is not installed on the same axis.

[0047] After the installation of the tool 24 is completed, the tool 24 will be driven to idle for installation status detection. In order to avoid the tool 24 from accidentally injuring the user due to sudden operation, a prompt device (such as a buzzer, indicator light, etc.) can be set to connect with the controller signal, and a prompt can be issued through the prompt device before driving the tool 24.

[0048] In some embodiments, the electric spindle structure of the present application is used in conjunction with an automatic tool changing device. The automatic tool changing device is the same as the existing conventional automatic tool changing device of CNC machine tools. The tool 24 is moved up and down by grabbing it, and the tool is changed by loosening the tool changing module.

[0049] During operation, if the controller detects that the tool 24 is improperly installed, it controls the automatic tool changer to cooperate with the tool change module to remove the tool 24 and connect the air pump 4 to the second air duct 18, using air supplied by the air pump 4 to blow away impurities within the taper sleeve 5. After the removal operation is complete, the automatic tool changer is controlled to reinstall the tool 24 and retest the reinstalled tool 24. Once the tool 24 is properly installed, the electric spindle drives the tool 24 to perform gear cutting.

[0050] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision gear cutting machine tool electric spindle structure, comprising an electric spindle (1), the electric spindle (1) being provided with a tool changing module, the tool changing module being used for installing a tool (24), and characterized in that: A displacement sensor (2) for detecting the displacement of a tool (24) is provided on the electric spindle (1), and the displacement sensor (2) is electrically connected to an amplifier (3); The tool changing module comprises a tapered sleeve (5), a drawing sleeve (6) sleeved in the tapered sleeve (5), and a first driving member (7) for driving the drawing sleeve (6) to move; the first driving member (7) comprises an air-driven piston structure (14), and the piston structure (14) is used to drive the drawing sleeve (6) to move axially; The electric spindle (1) is provided with a housing, a first air duct (16) is provided on the housing, and the first air duct (16) is communicated with the piston structure (14); the cone sleeve (5) is provided with an air inlet pipeline (17), a second air duct (18) is provided on the housing, and the second air duct (18) is communicated with the air inlet pipeline (17); a bearing group (19) for reducing the rotation resistance of the cone sleeve (5) is provided in the housing, the bearing group (19) is provided with an air lubrication passage (21), and the housing is provided with a third air duct (20), and the third air duct (20) is communicated with the air lubrication passage (21); The air pump (4) is also included, wherein the air outlet of the air pump (4) is directed toward the side where the tool (24) is installed, and the air pump (4) is used to generate a high-pressure airflow toward the tool (24); the air pump (4) is provided with a second driving member (22), and the second driving member (22) is used to drive the air pump (4) to move, and the air pump (4) is used to supply air to the first air duct (16), the second air duct (18), and the third air duct (20) respectively after the movement; The invention also includes a controller, which is used to drive the tool (24) to rotate and control the air pump (4) to generate a high-pressure airflow in the opposite direction of the rotation of the tool (24) after the tool (24) is installed. The controller is used to obtain displacement data detected by the displacement sensor (2) to determine whether the installation of the tool (24) is abnormal.

2. The high-precision gear-shaving machine tool electric spindle structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pull sleeve (6) is provided with a plurality of through holes (8), and a ball (9) for clamping a pull nail (25) of a tool (24) is provided in the through hole (8). The ball (9) can float in the through hole (8). An annular conical surface (10) is provided in the conical sleeve (5), and the annular conical surface (10) is used to allow the ball (9) to float toward the outside of the pull sleeve (6).

3. The high-precision gear-shaving machine tool electric spindle structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The electric spindle (1) is provided with a rotating shaft (11), and is provided with a rotor (12) and a stator (13) for driving the rotating shaft (11) to rotate. The rotor (12) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (11), and the tapered sleeve (5) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (11).

4. The high-precision gear-shaving machine tool electric spindle structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pull sleeve (6) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (11) through a coiled spring (15).

5. The high-precision gear-shaving machine tool electric spindle structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A telescopic tube (23) is provided at the air outlet of the air pump (4), and the telescopic tube (23) is used to cooperate with the first air duct (16), the second air duct (18) and the third air duct (20) through telescoping.

6. The electric spindle structure for high-precision gear-scraping machine tools according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The displacement sensor (2) is an eddy current displacement sensor (2), and the probe of the eddy current displacement sensor (2) faces the tool axis of the tool (24); The controller is used to obtain displacement data detected by the eddy current displacement sensor (2); at any time during the acceleration phase of the tool (24), if there is a sudden change in displacement in the displacement data and the displacement is greater than a displacement threshold, it is determined that the tool (24) is installed abnormally; during the uniform speed phase of the tool (24), if a displacement greater than the displacement threshold periodically appears in the displacement data, it is determined that the tool (24) is installed abnormally.

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