Antenna assembly and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna assembly and electronic equipment. The antenna assembly is applied to the electronic equipment, the electronic equipment comprises a middle frame and a mainboard, and the antenna assembly comprises a feeding point, a first ground feeding point, a second ground feeding point and a radiator; the radiator comprises a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, and the first sub-radiator and the second sub-radiator comprise a common branch knot; the first sub-radiator is connected between the feeding point and the first ground feeding point to form a first radiation loop; the second sub-radiator is connected between the feeding point and the second ground feeding point to form a second radiation loop; the first radiation loop is used for transmitting or receiving a signal of an intermediate frequency band, and the second radiation loop is used for transmitting or receiving a signal of a low frequency band and / or a high frequency band. Therefore, the antenna assembly has good antenna efficiency in a small clearance space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly, to an antenna assembly and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless technologies such as mobile communications, satellite navigation, and wireless local area networks, the demand for integrating multi-band, high-performance antennas into electronic devices is increasing. To meet the development trend of device miniaturization and functional integration, more and more electronic devices are adopting multi-antenna systems to support multiple communication protocols. In traditional solutions, multi-antenna systems occupy a large area and have high requirements for the equipment's clearance environment. However, as devices develop towards increasing screen-to-body ratios, the clearance environment of the antenna system is gradually shrinking, affecting the antenna's resonance performance and radiation efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an antenna with a rational structural design to improve the antenna efficiency in a small clearance environment and a wide operating frequency band. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides an antenna assembly and an electronic device to improve the communication performance of the electronic device.

[0004] In a first aspect, an antenna assembly is provided for use in an electronic device, the electronic device comprising a middle frame and a mainboard. The antenna assembly comprises: a feed point, a first feed point, a second feed point, and a radiator; the radiator comprises a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, the first sub-radiator and the second sub-radiator comprising a shared branch; the first sub-radiator is connected between the feed point and the first feed point to form a first radiating loop; the second sub-radiator is connected between the feed point and the second feed point to form a second radiating loop; the first radiating loop is used to transmit or receive signals in a mid-frequency band, and the second radiating loop is used to transmit or receive signals in a low-frequency band and / or a high-frequency band. This allows the antenna assembly to achieve good antenna efficiency in a small headroom space.

[0005] By adopting two independent radiating loop antenna structures with a common feeding point and separate feeding points, and realizing multi-frequency resonance by covering the three frequency bands of low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency, there is no need to design multiple antennas for different frequency bands, which saves the antenna clearance space and can be integrated in limited spaces such as the device frame. By optimizing the radiation efficiency of different frequency bands through two loops, the interference between frequency bands can be reduced, and the radiation and receiving efficiency of antenna components with wide working frequency bands in a smaller clearance environment can be improved.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first sub-radiator includes a common branch, a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch connected in sequence from the feed point to the first feed point; a first structural slot is provided between the common branch and the first and third branches, and the first structural slot is configured to generate a first resonance in the intermediate frequency band. By structurally slotting the first sub-radiator and regulating the equivalent electrical length of the first sub-radiator, the frequency position and bandwidth can be adjusted, forming an intermediate frequency band resonance in the first radiation loop, and achieving intermediate frequency band signal coverage.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the second sub-radiator includes a common branch, a fourth branch, a fifth branch, a sixth branch, and a seventh branch connected in sequence from the feed point to the second feed point; a second structural slot is provided between the fourth branch and the sixth and seventh branches, and the second structural slot is configured to generate a second resonance in the high-frequency band. By structurally slotting the second sub-radiator and regulating the equivalent electrical length of the second sub-radiator, the frequency point position and bandwidth can be adjusted, forming a resonance in the high-frequency band in the second radiation loop, thereby achieving high-frequency band signal coverage.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the fifth branch is configured as an extended structure, such that the equivalent electrical length of the second sub-radiator is greater than that of the first sub-radiator; and the second sub-radiator generates a third resonance in the low-frequency band. By configuring the fifth branch in the second radiating loop as an extended structure, the equivalent electrical length of the second sub-radiator is increased, causing the second sub-radiator to resonate in the low-frequency band, thereby achieving low-frequency coverage within a limited headroom space.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the feed point is electrically connected to the mainboard's RF module to enable the antenna assembly's transmit and receive functions. Electrically connecting the feed point to the mainboard's RF module enables efficient transmission of RF signals between the RF module and the antenna, reducing energy loss during signal transmission and thereby improving the antenna's resonant performance and radiation efficiency in the target frequency band.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first feeding point is electrically connected to a tuning element, and the tuning element is used to adjust the first resonance. By electrically connecting the first feeding point to the tuning element, the resonance point in the intermediate frequency band can be precisely controlled by adjusting the parameters of the element, thereby reducing the impact of surrounding components on the resonant frequency of the first radiation loop, ensuring that the first radiation loop can operate within the target frequency range. The loop impedance is adjusted by the tuning element to improve impedance matching with the RF module, thereby increasing the effective radiation power and receiving sensitivity of the antenna assembly.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the second feeding point is electrically connected to an antenna switch on the mainboard, and the antenna switch is used to control the grounding state of the second radiating loop. By electrically connecting the second feeding point to the antenna switch on the mainboard, the switch can be used to control the grounding state of the second feeding point, thereby optimizing and controlling the low-frequency resonance effect of the second radiating loop and reducing interference between frequency bands.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the middle frame includes a frame and a middle plate, with the frame surrounding the middle plate; the first radiating loop and the second radiating loop are disposed on the inner side of the frame or the middle plate via laser direct structuring (LDS) or a flexible printed circuit (FPC). Disposing the first and second radiating loops on the inner side of the frame or the middle plate via LDS or FPC allows for extending the current path, improving the feasibility of low-frequency resonance, and enhancing the practicality of the antenna assembly in tight headroom environments without increasing the overall thickness of the device.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the tuning element includes one or more of an inductor and a capacitor. Using a capacitor or an inductor as a tuning element allows precise adjustment of the resonant frequency and optimized impedance matching by changing the equivalent electrical length and impedance characteristics of the radiating loop, thereby improving the antenna's radiation efficiency and operating bandwidth in the target frequency band.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the low frequency band is 800 MHz to 960 MHz, the medium frequency band is 1700 MHz to 2200 MHz, and the high frequency band is 2300 MHz to 2700 MHz.

[0015] According to a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a middle frame, a main board and an antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10; wherein the middle frame comprises a frame and a middle plate, the frame surrounds the middle plate, and the antenna assembly is arranged on the inner side of the frame or the middle plate; the antenna assembly comprises: a feeding point, a first feeding point, a second feeding point and a radiator; the radiator comprises a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, and the first sub-radiator and the second sub-radiator comprise a common branch; the first sub-radiator is connected between the feeding point and the first feeding point to form a first radiation loop; the second sub-radiator is connected between the feeding point and the second feeding point to form a second radiation loop; the first radiation loop is used to transmit or receive signals in the intermediate frequency band, and the second radiation loop is used to transmit or receive signals in the low frequency band and / or the high frequency band.

[0016] The device adopts an antenna component with two independent radiation loop structures with a common feeding point and separate feeding points, and realizes multi-frequency resonance for the coverage of the three frequency bands of low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency. There is no need to design multiple antennas for different frequency bands. The multi-frequency antenna can be integrated in a limited space such as a frame or a mid-board with a small clearance, saving the clearance space of the antenna and facilitating the miniaturization integration of the equipment. The two loops of the antenna component optimize the radiation efficiency of different frequency bands respectively, which can reduce interference between frequency bands and improve the communication performance of miniaturized equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of an antenna component provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 5 1 is a diagram showing the radiation efficiency simulation results of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Reference numerals:

[0023] Electronic device 1, cover 10, display module 20, main board 30, middle frame 40, frame 41, middle plate 42, bottom frame 411, first side frame 412, back cover 50, antenna assembly 60, first radiation loop 61, first sub-radiator 611, feeding point 612, first feeding point 613, shared branch 6111, first branch 6112, second branch 6113, third branch 6114, first structural slot 6115, second radiation loop 62, second sub-radiator 621, second feeding point 622, fourth branch 6211, fifth branch 6212, sixth branch 6213, seventh branch 6214, second structural slot 6215, metal base plate 63, antenna switching switch 650, feeding circuit 660, RF module 670, tuning element 680. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, “ / ” means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; “and / or” in this article is merely a way to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" refers to two or more than two, and "at least one" and "one or more" refer to one, two or more. The singular expressions "a", "a", "said", "above", "the", and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless there is a clear indication to the contrary in the context.

[0026] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in yet other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships that are defined relative to the orientations or positions of the components schematically placed in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for description and clarification relative to the actual orientation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They may change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the components placed in the accompanying drawings, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. In addition, the "vertical" involved in this application is not vertical in the strict sense, but is within the allowable error range. "Parallel" is not parallel in the strict sense, but is within the allowable error range.

[0028] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components or parts. For identical parts in the embodiments of this application, only one of the parts or parts may be labeled with a reference numeral in the figures as an example. It should be understood that the same reference numerals apply to the other identical parts or parts. In addition, the various parts in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and the sizes and dimensions of the parts shown in the drawings are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0029] In this application, if mentioned, coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gap between two conductive parts.

[0030] In this application, if mentioned, the radiation loop refers to a device in the antenna for receiving / sending electromagnetic wave radiation. It converts the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, which is used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the radiation loop via the feeder line, and is converted into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy by the radiation loop and radiated in the desired direction. The radiation loop receives a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy from a specific direction in space and converts it into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is then transmitted to the receiver input via the feeder line.

[0031] The radiating loop may include a conductor having a specific shape and size, such as a linear or sheet-like shape, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the radiating loop can be implemented by a conductive frame. In one embodiment, the wire diameter (for example, including thickness and width) of the radiating loop is much smaller than the wavelength (for example, the medium wavelength) (for example, less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length can be compared with the wavelength (for example, the medium wavelength) (for example, the length is about 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, the radiating loop can be implemented by a planar conductor (for example, a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). In one embodiment, the radiating loop may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc. The shape of the radiating loop includes a circle, a rectangle, an annular shape, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape.

[0032] The RF module is used to transmit and receive RF signals within the target frequency band and may include one or more RF sub-circuits, such as a power amplifier (PA) for amplifying the power of the transmitted signal; a low-noise amplifier (LNA) for low-noise amplification of the received signal; an RF filter for selecting the target frequency band and suppressing interference signals; and a feeding circuit.

[0033] The feed circuit is a combination of all components of an antenna used for the purpose of receiving and transmitting radio frequency waves. In the case of a receiving antenna, the feed circuit can be considered as the part of the antenna from the first amplifier to the front-end transmitter. In a transmitting antenna, the feed circuit can be considered as the part after the last power amplifier. In some cases, the "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense to be the RF chip, or the transmission path from the RF chip to the radiating loop or the feeding point on the transmission line. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves into electrical signals and sending them to the receiver component. Generally, it is considered to be the part of the antenna that converts radio waves into electrical signals and vice versa. Generally, the feed circuit can include a combination of circuits coupled between the radiating loop and the ground. In one embodiment, the feed circuit can include a switch and an electronic component, and the switch can be an electronic component for switching the coupling connection of the radiating loop. The feed circuit can also have a frequency tuning function through an integrated tuning element.

[0034] End / point: The "end / point" in the feed point / ground point / connection point of the antenna radiating loop should not be narrowly understood as an endpoint or end that is physically disconnected from other radiating loops. It can also be considered as a point or section on a continuous radiating loop. In one embodiment, the "end / point" may include a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiating loop that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, the feed point may be a coupling area on the antenna radiating loop that is coupled to a feed structure or feed circuit (for example, an area facing a portion of the feed circuit). For another example, the ground point may be a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiating loop that is coupled to a ground structure or ground circuit.

[0035] Resonance / resonant frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency may refer to the frequency at which the imaginary part of the antenna input impedance is zero. The resonant frequency may have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest point of resonance is the center frequency point frequency. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the first resonance in the "first resonance generated by the antenna / radiation loop" mentioned in this application should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiation loop, or the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiation loop.

[0036] Resonant frequency band / operating frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, the operating frequency band includes frequencies between 800MHz and 960MHz, or in other words, the operating frequency band of the antenna's radiation loop includes frequencies between 800MHz and 960MHz. The frequency range that meets the required specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0037] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power minus power loss; power loss primarily includes return loss and metal ohmic loss and / or dielectric loss. Radiation efficiency measures the antenna's radiation capability, and both metal loss and dielectric loss contribute to it.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0039] Ground (GND): This generally refers to at least a portion of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of these. Ground can be used to ground components within the electronic device. In one embodiment, ground can be the grounding layer of the electronic device's circuit board, the grounding plate formed by the electronic device's midframe, or the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film below the screen.

[0040] Grounding refers to coupling to the ground / floor in any manner. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as physical grounding at a specific location on the frame using a portion of the midframe's structural components (or referred to as a physical ground). In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as through a series or parallel connection of a capacitor, inductor, or resistor (or referred to as a device ground).

[0041] The low frequency band mentioned in the embodiments of the present application is 800MHz to 960MHz. Specifically, the low frequency band frequency can be 800MHz, 830MHz, 850MHz, 880MHz, 900MHz, 920MHz, 940MHz, 960MHz, or a value thereof within the range obtained by combining any two of the above values. The medium frequency band is 1700MHz to 2200MHz. Specifically, the medium frequency band frequency can be 1700MHz, 1750MHz, 1800MHz, 1850MHz, 1900MHz, 1950MHz, 2000MHz, 2050MHz, 2100MHz, 2150MHz, 2200MHz, or a value thereof within the range obtained by combining any two of the above values. The high frequency band is 2300MHz~2700MHz. Specifically, the high frequency band frequency can be 2300MHz, 2350MHz, 2400MHz, 2450MHz, 2500MHz, 2550MHz, 2600MHz, 2650MHz, 2700MHz, or its value is within the range obtained by combining any two of the above values.

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 1 may include a tablet computer, a computer, a mobile phone, a smart watch, etc. This embodiment of the present application takes the electronic device 1 as an example of a mobile phone to further describe the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, electronic device 1 may include: a cover 10, a display / module 20, a mainboard 30, a middle frame 40, and a rear cover 50. It should be understood that in some embodiments, cover 10 may be a glass cover, or may be replaced with a cover 10 made of other materials, such as PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material. In some embodiments, mainboard 30 may be a printed circuit board (PCB).

[0044] The cover plate 10 can be placed close to the display module 20 , and can be mainly used to protect the display module 20 and prevent dust.

[0045] In one embodiment, the display module 20 may include a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not impose too many restrictions on this, as long as it can meet the display function of the device.

[0046] The middle frame 40 mainly supports the entire device. Figure 1 It is shown that the mainboard 30 is arranged between the middle frame 40 and the display module 20. It should be understood that in one embodiment, the mainboard 30 can also be arranged between the middle frame 40 and the back cover. The embodiment of the present application does not impose too many restrictions on this.

[0047] The mainboard 30 can be made of a polyimide (PI) material, a flame-resistant material (FR-4) dielectric board, or a Rogers dielectric board, etc., and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any further restrictions on this. The mainboard 30 carries electronic components, such as a radio frequency chip, an antenna switching switch, capacitors, inductors, etc.

[0048] In one embodiment, a metal layer may be provided on the mainboard 30. The metal layer may be used to ground the electronic components carried on the mainboard 30, and may also be used to ground other components, such as a bracket antenna, a frame antenna, etc. The metal layer may be referred to as a floor, a grounding plate, or a grounding layer.

[0049] In one embodiment, the motherboard 30 can be multi-layered, such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-to-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically isolated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass, polymer, or the like. In one embodiment, the motherboard 30 includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a trace layer, with the trace layer and the ground layer electrically connected via vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, touch screen, input buttons, a transmitter, a processor, memory, a battery, and a charging circuit can be mounted on or connected to the motherboard 30, or electrically connected to the trace layer and / or ground layer within the motherboard 30.

[0050] In one embodiment, the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any dielectric layer in the mainboard 30. In one embodiment, the metal layer used for grounding can be provided on a side of the mainboard 30 near the middle frame 40. In one embodiment, the edge of the mainboard 30 can be considered the edge of its grounding layer. In one embodiment, the middle frame 40 can also be used to ground the aforementioned components. The electronic device 1 may also have other floor / grounding plates / grounding layers, as previously described and will not be further described here.

[0051] In the embodiments of the present application, any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers is made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a graphite-coated substrate, a copper-plated substrate, a brass-plated substrate, and an aluminum-plated substrate.

[0052] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the ground layer / ground plate / ground metal layer may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0053] In one embodiment, the electronic device 1 may further include a battery (not shown). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 40 and the display module 20. It should be understood that, in one embodiment, the battery may also be disposed between the middle frame 40 and the back cover, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0054] In some embodiments, the main board 30 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery can be arranged between the main board and the sub-board, wherein the main board can be arranged between the middle frame 40 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board can be arranged between the middle frame 40 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0055] In some embodiments, the middle frame 40 may further include a frame 41 and a middle plate 42. The frame 41 may include a conductive material such as metal. The frame 41 may be disposed between the display module 20 and the back cover and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 1. In some embodiments, the frame 41 has four sides surrounding the display module 20 and the middle plate 42, helping to secure and support the display module 20 on the middle plate 42. The middle plate 42 is used to support and secure other components in the electronic device 1. The antenna assembly mentioned in this application may be disposed on the middle plate 42 to conserve headroom.

[0056] In one embodiment, the outer surface of the frame 41 can also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic frame, to create the appearance of a non-metallic frame. In another implementation, the frame 41 can be directly made of a metal material and used as the metal frame of the electronic device 1, creating the appearance of a metal frame. In the embodiments of the present application, the frame 41 is described as a non-metallic frame.

[0057] In one embodiment, the middle frame 40 and the back cover 50 are connected to form a receiving cavity, and the display module 20, the main board 30 and the battery are disposed in the receiving cavity.

[0058] In some embodiments, the four sides of the frame 41 include a bottom frame 411 in the vertical direction and an upper frame arranged opposite to the bottom frame, a first side frame 412 connected to the bottom frame 411, and a second side frame arranged opposite to the first side frame 412. In some embodiments, the antenna assembly mentioned in this application can be arranged at any of the inner side of the bottom frame 411, the inner side of the first side frame 412, the inner side of the upper frame, or the inner side of the second side frame to save clearance space. The specific arrangement is based on the arrangement of the internal components of the electronic device 1, and no excessive restrictions are made here. Preferably, the antenna assembly can be arranged at the bottom frame 411 to avoid factors that cause attenuation of the antenna signal, such as hand-grip attenuation.

[0059] The back cover 50 can be a back cover 50 made of metal material; it can also be a back cover 50 made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, plastic back cover and other non-metallic back covers; it can also be a back cover 50 made of both conductive and non-conductive materials, which supports the electronic devices in the entire machine.

[0060] In one embodiment, the cover 10 and the back cover 50 are respectively overlapped along the upper and lower edges of the frame 42 to form the shell or housing of the electronic device 1. In one embodiment, the cover 10, the back cover 50, and the frame 42 can be collectively referred to as the shell or housing of the electronic device 1.

[0061] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, "shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 10, the back cover 50, and the frame 42, or to refer to part or all of any combination of the cover plate 10, the back cover 50, and the frame 42.

[0062] Figure 1 Only some components of the electronic device 1 are schematically shown, and the actual shape, size and structure of these components are not affected by the present invention. Figure 1 limited.

[0063] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the surface of the electronic device 1 where the display module 20 is located can be considered as the front surface, the surface where the back cover 50 is located can be considered as the back surface, and the surface where the frame 42 is located can be considered as the side surface.

[0064] In one embodiment, the grounding portion in the mainboard 30 can serve as a reference ground for the electronic device 1 , wherein the frame 42 , the middle plate 42 , etc. of the electronic device 1 can be grounded through electrical connection with the mainboard 30 .

[0065] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the antenna assembly 60 includes a radiator, a feed point 612, a first feed point 613, a second feed point 622, and a metal base plate 63. The radiator includes a first sub-radiator 611 and a second sub-radiator 621. The first sub-radiator 611 is connected between the feed point 612 and the first feed point 613 to form a first radiation loop 61. The first sub-radiator 611 includes a common branch 6111, a first branch 6112, a second branch 6113, a third branch 6114, and a first structural slot 6115 from the feed point 612 to the first feed point 613. The first structural slot 6115 is provided between the common branch 6111, the first branch 6112, and the third branch 6114 to generate a first resonance in the intermediate frequency band. When the first radiation loop 61 is in operation, the radio frequency current in a specific frequency band flows from the feeding point 612 and passes through the common branch 6111, the first branch 6112, the second branch 6113 and the third branch 6114 in sequence to the first feeding point 613. Due to the presence of the first structural slot 6115, the path of the radio frequency current is extended and a local resonant cavity is formed, so that the first radiation loop 61 can form the first resonance in the intermediate frequency band, thereby efficiently radiating the signal of this frequency band to the outside. The second sub-radiator 621 is connected between the feeding point 612 and the second feeding point 622 to form a second radiation loop 62. The second sub-radiator 621 is connected between the feeding point 612 and the second feeding point 622. The second sub-radiator 621 includes a common branch 6111, a fourth branch 6211, a fifth branch 6212, a sixth branch 6213, a seventh branch 6214 and a second structural slot 6215 from the feeding point 612 to the second feeding point 622. The fifth branch 6212 is provided with an extension structure, which can significantly extend the equivalent electrical length of the second radiation loop 62, so that the equivalent electrical length of the second radiation loop 62 is longer than the electrical length of the first radiation loop 61. The second structural slot 6215 is provided between the fourth branch 6211 and the sixth branch 6213 and the seventh branch 6214, for generating a second resonance in the high frequency band. During operation, RF current in a specific frequency band flows from the second radiating loop 62 through the feed point 612, sequentially passing through the common branch 6111, the fourth branch 6211, the fifth branch 6212, the sixth branch 6213, and the seventh branch 6214 to the second feed point 622. Due to the extended structure in the fifth branch 6212, the low-frequency RF current flowing through the second radiating loop 62 can form a third resonance in the low-frequency band. Furthermore, due to the second structural slot 6215, a local resonant cavity is formed in the second sub-radiator 621, allowing the second radiating loop 62 to form a second resonance in the high-frequency band within the second sub-radiator 621, effectively radiating signals in both frequency bands. The first radiating loop 61 and the second radiating loop 62 are disposed on a metal base plate 63.

[0066] As an example, when the feeding point of the antenna assembly 60 receives an RF current with a frequency of 900 MHz, the current flows sequentially through the common branch 6111, the fourth branch 6211, the fifth branch 6212, the sixth branch 6213 and the seventh branch 6214 in the second radiation loop 62 to the second feeding point 622, the second radiation loop 62 generates a third resonance of the corresponding frequency, further forming a sophistry electromagnetic field, and forming an electromagnetic wave signal of the corresponding frequency in the far field to radiate outward.

[0067] It can be understood that the above is the radiation working mechanism of the antenna component 60 in a specific frequency band. When the antenna component 60 receives external electromagnetic waves in a specific frequency band, the first sub-radiator 611 in the first radiation loop 61 will match the resonant frequency of the first resonance of the first radiation loop 61 when receiving external electromagnetic waves in the intermediate frequency band, triggering the induction response of the first radiation loop 61, so that the first radiation loop 61 forms a first resonant current distribution in the intermediate frequency band at the corresponding frequency point, and the first resonant current flows to the feeding point 612 and is transmitted from the feeding point 612 to the mainboard 30 for processing to realize the reception of intermediate frequency band signals. When the second sub-radiator 621 in the second radiation loop 62 receives external electromagnetic waves in the low-frequency band or the high-frequency band, it will match the resonant frequency of the third resonance or the second resonance of the second radiation loop 62, triggering the inductive response of the second radiation loop 62, so that the second radiation loop 62 forms a third resonant current distribution in the low-frequency band or a second resonant current distribution in the high-frequency band at the corresponding frequency point. The third resonant current or the second resonant current flows to the feeding point 612 and is transmitted from the feeding point 612 to the mainboard 30 for processing to realize the reception of low-frequency band signals or high-frequency band signals.

[0068] As an example, when the antenna component 60 receives an external electromagnetic wave signal with a frequency of 1900 MHz, its frequency matches the resonance point in the first resonance in the first radiation loop 61 of the antenna component 60, triggering the inductive response of the first radiation loop 61, generating a resonant current of the corresponding frequency in the first radiation loop 61, and flowing to the feeding point 612, and transmitted to the RF module on the mainboard 30 through the feeding point 612 for processing.

[0069] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, through the above-mentioned structural design, two independent radiating loop antenna structures with a common feeding point 612 and separate feeding points are adopted, and by respectively performing structural slot design and electrical length design in the two radiators, coverage of the three frequency bands of low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency is achieved. Multi-frequency resonance is possible, and there is no need to design multiple antennas for different frequency bands, saving the clearance space of the antenna component. It can be integrated in a limited space such as the frame 41 or the middle plate 42 of the electronic device 1, and the radiation efficiency of different frequency bands is optimized respectively through two loops, which can reduce interference between frequency bands and improve the radiation and receiving efficiency of the antenna component with a wide working frequency band in a smaller clearance environment.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first sub-radiator 611 and the second sub-radiator 621 are arranged close to the frame 41 or the middle plate 42 to minimize the volume occupied by the antenna assembly 60 and be closer to the outside of the electronic device 1 to reduce interference and achieve better signal transmission effect.

[0071] It should be understood that the antenna assembly 60 may have different specific structural forms in different electronic devices 1 or different layout locations. Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of another antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the antenna assembly 60 can be not only an L-shaped distributed antenna but also a strip antenna to adapt to the layout of different small clearance spaces under different devices. The fifth branch 6212 in the second sub-radiator 621 is also provided with an extended structure to increase the equivalent electrical length of the second radiation loop 62. The extended structure is not limited to a bent structure, but can also be as follows Figure 3 The multi-segment zigzag extension structure of the fifth branch 6212 shown in the figure may also be a widened fork structure, a multi-segment cascade structure, or other extension structures that can effectively increase the equivalent electrical length, and no excessive restrictions are imposed here.

[0072] It should be understood that Figure 2 and Figure 3 The structure of the antenna assembly 60 is shown for exemplary purposes only. This application does not limit the description of the antenna assembly 60 to a specific antenna assembly form and / or antenna assembly shape. In embodiments of this application, the specific structure of the antenna assembly 60 may be, for example, a planar inverted-L antenna (PILA), a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA), an inverted-F antenna (IFA), an inverted-L antenna (ILA), etc. Furthermore, in other embodiments of this application, the antenna radiator may be of any shape / form (e.g., straight, curved, linear, sheet-like, split, integrally formed, etc.), without affecting the operating mode of the antenna assembly 60.

[0073] In one embodiment, the first radiation loop 61 and the second radiation loop 62 in the antenna assembly 60 can be based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC) or laser direct structuring (LDS) and other antenna forms, and can be arranged on the inner side of the frame 41 or the middle plate 42, so as to extend the current path and improve the feasibility of multi-frequency resonance without increasing the thickness of the electronic device 1, thereby improving the antenna efficiency of the antenna assembly 60 in a small clearance environment.

[0074] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the antenna assembly 60 is electrically connected to the mainboard 30. Specifically, the feed point 612 is electrically connected to the RF module 670 in the mainboard 30 through the feed circuit 660, wherein the RF module 670 can emit a RF current of a specific frequency band to transmit to the feed point 612 and flow through the first radiation loop 61 and / or the second radiation loop 62 to generate a radiation signal of the corresponding frequency band; or the RF module 670 can receive a resonant current of a specific frequency band from the feed point 612 and process and analyze the resonant current of the specific frequency band. Among them, the RF module 670 may include an RF chip, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier, an RF filter, etc. The specific settings depend on the layout of the equipment and are not limited here. The feed circuit 660 may include series capacitors, series inductors, electrostatic protection elements, etc. to achieve impedance matching and frequency band tuning, etc. The specific settings depend on the layout of the equipment and are not limited here. By electrically connecting the feeding point 612 to the RF module 670 of the mainboard, efficient transmission of the RF signal between the RF module 670 and the antenna assembly 60 can be achieved, reducing the energy loss of the signal during transmission, thereby improving the resonance performance and radiation efficiency of the antenna in the target frequency band.

[0075] As an example, during signal radiation, the RF chip in the RF module 670 modulates and emits a 900 MHz RF current. The power amplifier in the RF module 670 amplifies the 900 MHz RF current to a level sufficient to drive the antenna assembly 60. The amplified 900 MHz RF current passes through the RF filter to remove out-of-band spurious signals other than the 900 MHz frequency. The processed 900 MHz RF current is impedance-matched to the antenna's 900 MHz frequency by the feeding circuit 660, and is ultimately injected into the second radiation loop 62 via the feeding point 612 to generate a radiation signal. During signal reception, the antenna assembly 60 receives a 900 MHz electromagnetic wave signal, inducing a 900 MHz resonant current in the second sub-radiator 621 in the second radiation loop 62. The 900 MHz resonant current enters the feeding circuit 660 via the feeding point 612. The feeding circuit 660 performs impedance matching on the resonant current and then enters the low-noise amplifier for low-noise amplification, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and preventing signal loss. After processing, the resonant current enters the RF chip for filtering, demodulation, and other processing to restore the original data.

[0076] The first feeding point 613 is electrically connected to the tuning element 680 and then grounded. The tuning element 680 may include at least one element that can be tuned, such as an inductor or capacitor. The specific setting depends on the layout of the equipment and is not limited here. By electrically connecting the first feeding point 613 to the tuning element 680, the resonance point of the intermediate frequency band can be accurately controlled by adjusting the parameters of the element to reduce the impact of surrounding components on the resonant frequency of the first radiation loop 61, ensuring that the first radiation loop 61 can operate within the target frequency range, and adjusting the loop impedance through the tuning element 680 to improve the impedance matching between the first radiation loop 61 and the RF module 670, thereby improving the effective radiation power and receiving sensitivity of the antenna assembly.

[0077] As an example, during signal radiation, the RF module 670 emits a 1900 MHz RF current, which is injected into the first radiation loop 61 via the feed circuit 660 and the feed point 612, and flows along the first sub-radiator 611 to the first feeding point 613. The tuning element 680 connected to the first feeding point 613 presents a specific impedance at 1900 MHz, providing an adjustable grounding point for the loop. By adjusting the impedance, the electrical length of the loop is adjusted so that the first radiation loop 61 meets the resonance condition and forms a radiation signal. During signal reception, the antenna assembly 60 receives a 1900 MHz electromagnetic wave signal. The tuning element 680 adjusts the specific impedance so that the incident wave can be efficiently coupled to the loop, inducing a 1900 MHz resonant current in the first sub-radiator 611 in the first radiation loop 61. The 1900 MHz resonant current enters the feed circuit 660 via the feed point 612, and after processing, enters the RF chip for filtering, demodulation, and other processing to restore the original data.

[0078] The second feeding point 622 is electrically connected to the antenna switching switch 650 on the main board 30 and then grounded. The second feeding point 622 is electrically connected to the antenna switching switch 650. The second radiation loop 62 can be controlled to be on or off by controlling the on or off state of the antenna switching switch 650, thereby achieving control of the low-frequency band resonance in the second radiation loop 62. When the antenna switching switch 650 is off, low-frequency resonance cannot be formed, while high-frequency band resonance is not affected, so that the low-frequency band can be switched on and off as needed, reducing mutual coupling, interference, etc., and improving the effective radiation power and receiving sensitivity of the antenna component.

[0079] As an example, during the signal radiation process, the RF module 670 emits a 900MHz RF current, which is injected into the second radiation loop 62 in turn through the feeding circuit 660 and the feeding point 612, and flows along the second sub-radiator 621 to the second feeding point 622. The antenna switching switch 650 connected to the second feeding point 622 is turned on at 900MHz, providing an adjustable grounding point for the loop, so that the second radiation loop 62 meets the electrical length resonance condition in the low-frequency band, forming a radiation signal. During the signal reception process, the antenna assembly 60 receives a 900MHz electromagnetic wave signal. The antenna switching switch 650 is turned on, so that the second radiation loop 62 meets the electrical length in the low-frequency band. The incident wave can be efficiently coupled to the loop, and a 900MHz resonant current is induced in the second sub-radiator 621 in the second radiation loop 62. The 900MHz resonant current enters the feeding circuit 660 through the feeding point 612, and after processing, enters the RF chip for filtering, demodulation, and other processing to restore the original data.

[0080] Figure 5Provided in FIG is the radiation efficiency of the antenna assembly 60 of the present application in the first operating frequency band, the second operating frequency band and the third frequency band. Figure 5 As shown, the second radiating loop 61 has good radiation efficiency in both the 800MHz-960MHz and 2300MHz-2700MHz operating frequency bands. The first radiating loop 62 also has good radiation efficiency in the 1700MHz-2200MHz operating frequency band. Furthermore, the variation in radiation efficiency is relatively small, further demonstrating that the antenna assembly 60 maintains good radiation performance even in small headroom conditions.

[0081] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that: Applicable to electronic equipment, the electronic equipment includes a middle frame and a mainboard, and the antenna assembly includes: A feeding point, a first feeding point, a second feeding point and a radiator; The radiator includes a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, wherein the first sub-radiator and the second sub-radiator include a common branch; The first sub-radiator is connected between the feeding point and the first feeding point to form a first radiation loop; The second sub-radiator is connected between the feeding point and the second feeding point to form a second radiation loop; The first radiation loop is used to transmit or receive signals in a medium frequency band, and the second radiation loop is used to transmit or receive signals in a low frequency band and / or a high frequency band.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The first sub-radiator includes the common branch, the first branch, the second branch and the third branch connected in sequence from the feeding point to the first feeding point; A first structural slot is provided between the common branch and the first branch and the third branch, and the first structural slot is used to generate a first resonance in the intermediate frequency band.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, wherein: The second sub-radiator includes the common branch, the fourth branch, the fifth branch, the sixth branch and the seventh branch connected in sequence from the feeding point to the second feeding point; A second structural slot is provided between the fourth branch node, the sixth branch node and the seventh branch node, and the second structural slot is used to generate a second resonance in the high frequency band.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 3, wherein: The fifth branch is configured as an extended structure so that the equivalent electrical length of the second sub-radiator is greater than the equivalent electrical length of the first sub-radiator; The second sub-radiator generates a third resonance in the low-frequency band.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The feeding point is electrically connected to the radio frequency module of the mainboard to realize the transmitting and receiving functions of the antenna assembly.

6. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, wherein: The first feeding point is electrically connected to a tuning element, and the tuning element is used to adjust the first resonance.

7. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The second feeding point is electrically connected to the antenna switching switch on the mainboard, and the antenna switching switch is used to control the grounding state of the second radiation loop.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The middle frame includes a frame and a middle plate, and the frame surrounds the middle plate; The first radiation loop and the second radiation loop are arranged on the inner side of the frame or the middle plate in the form of laser direct structuring (LDS) or flexible circuit board (FPC).

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 6, wherein: The tuning element includes one or more of an inductor and a capacitor.

10. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The low frequency band is 800MHz to 960MHz, the medium frequency band is 1700MHz to 2200MHz, and the high frequency band is 2300MHz to 2700MHz.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A middle frame, a mainboard, and an antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10; The middle frame includes a frame and a middle plate, the frame surrounds the middle plate, and the antenna assembly is arranged on the inner side of the frame or the middle plate; The antenna assembly includes: a feeding point, a first feeding point, a second feeding point and a radiator; The radiator includes a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, wherein the first sub-radiator and the second sub-radiator include a common branch; The first sub-radiator is connected between the feeding point and the first feeding point to form a first radiation loop; The second sub-radiator is connected between the feeding point and the second feeding point to form a second radiation loop; The first radiation loop is used to transmit or receive signals in a medium frequency band, and the second radiation loop is used to transmit or receive signals in a low frequency band and / or a high frequency band.

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