Door-shaped nail

Abstract

The door-shaped nail comprises a body mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and a rotor wing preventing mechanism, the body mechanism comprises an arch-shaped main body, a pair of base columns are installed at the two ends of the arch-shaped main body, and nail points are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the pair of base columns; the adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating rod and a mounting groove, the mounting groove is formed in the arch-shaped body in a transverse penetrating mode, and the rotating rod is rotationally connected into the mounting groove. Through the elastic self-adaptive attachment of the anti-rotor wings, the osteonecrosis risk caused by traditional rigid compression is avoided; the variable-rigidity arch-shaped main body realizes intelligent transition from early-stage rigidity fixation to middle-stage elastic conduction, and is matched with biomechanical requirements of different stages of fracture healing; the biological coating and the micro-barb structure cooperate to guide the bone tissue to directionally climb and grow, so that double locking of mechanical fixation and biological fusion is realized; therefore, by improving the door-shaped nail, the use effect of the door-shaped nail is remarkably improved, and the door-shaped nail has good popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a door-shaped nail. Background Art

[0002] A door-type nail is a device used to fix cracked human bones and surrounding soft tissues (such as ligaments) when cracks occur in human bones. A door-type nail usually includes two fixing arms for inserting into human bones and a crimping arm connecting the two fixing arms for pressing and fixing the human soft tissue.

[0003] Traditional metal door nails have the following problems:

[0004] 1. Insufficient mechanical properties: Rigid structure leads to stress shielding and weak resistance to rotation / shear force;

[0005] 2. Poor adaptability: The spacing between the nails is fixed and cannot adapt to different bone sizes.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a door-shaped nail, which can solve the problems of insufficient mechanical properties, poor adaptability and high operation risks of existing door-shaped nails.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A door nail, comprising:

[0010] The main structure includes an arched body with a pair of base posts mounted at either end. A nail tip is fixedly connected to the lower end of each of the base posts. The base posts and nail tips form the foot of the gate-shaped nail. By attaching the pair of base posts to either end of the arched body, the arched body and the pair of nail tips form a gate-shaped nail. Traditional gate-shaped nails utilize a one-piece structure. This improved door-shaped nail, consisting of an arched body and a pair of nail tips, also features adjustable spacing between the base posts mounted at either end of the arched body, allowing the nail to accommodate different bone sizes.

[0011] The adjustment mechanism includes a rotating rod and a mounting slot. The mounting slot is transversely defined within the arched body. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the mounting slot, allowing the rotating rod to be rotatably mounted within the arched body via the mounting slot. Nail foot spacing adjustment assemblies are disposed between the ends of the rotating rod and the corresponding base columns. When the rotating rod rotates, the spacing between the nail feet is adjusted by engaging the assemblies. A drive assembly is mounted at the center of the rotating rod to drive the rotating rod to rotate during the adjustment of the spacing between the nail feet.

[0012] The anti-rotation wing mechanism includes a pair of connecting rods, each of which is rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the bow-shaped body. The ends of the connecting rods away from the bow-shaped body are fixedly connected to wing plates. Traditional door-shaped nails mainly provide axial compression and bending resistance, but are relatively weak in resisting rotation and shear forces between bone fracture ends. Therefore, in order to solve this technical problem, wing plates connected by a pair of connecting rods are provided on both sides of the bow-shaped body. When the door-shaped nail is installed, the wing plates are pressed against the outer surface of the bone so that the bone and the door-shaped nail form a spatial triangular truss under the action of the connecting wing plates. This can convert the rotational force between the bone fracture ends into compression / tension and disperse the shear force at the same time, solving the technical problem of being relatively weak in resisting rotation and shear forces between the bone fracture ends. At the same time, in order to achieve a better effect after the wing plates are installed, the wing plates are set to a shape that matches the outer surface of the bone.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, an Ω-shaped elastic groove is provided at the bottom of the center of the bow body in a front-to-back manner, and the Ω-shaped elastic groove provides an axial elastic stroke for the bow body. The bow body is composed of a TC4 titanium alloy and a Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer to form a variable stiffness composite structure. The TC4 titanium alloy is the main structure, ensuring that the bow body has sufficient strength. The Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer is laser-clad on the bottom of the main structure. The phase transition temperature of the Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer is set to 35~36.5℃ so that it can be triggered by human body temperature to provide dynamic stiffness adjustment. The initial stiffness is large and stable fixation is achieved in the early stage of healing. Thermal stiffness is triggered in the middle stage of healing, so that the stiffness is reduced to promote stress conduction, so that the bow body can achieve an intelligent transition from early rigid fixation to mid-term elastic conduction.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the base column is made of TC4 titanium alloy, and the strength of the nail leg is ensured by the base column. The nail tip is configured as a conical structure with a pointed bottom, so that the lower end of the nail leg is a self-tapping conical structure, which facilitates the installation of the door-type nail. The nail tip is composed of a porous magnesium alloy frame and a polylactic acid degradation layer. The porous magnesium alloy frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base column, and the polylactic acid degradation layer is laser-clad on the outer wall of the porous magnesium alloy frame. The porous magnesium alloy frame provides instantaneous rigidity for the implantation of the door-type nail. After the door-type nail is installed, the porous magnesium alloy frame gradually corrodes over time, and the polylactic acid degradation layer maintains degradation. At the same time, the segmented softening of the nail tip is achieved by adjusting the molecular weight of the polylactic acid degradation layer.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a pair of first micro-bearings are mounted on the inner sidewalls of the mounting slot, and the rotating rod is sleeved onto the inner sidewalls of the pair of first micro-bearings, with the ends of the rotating rod flush with the ends of the mounting slot. The pair of first micro-bearings ensures that the rotating rod is mounted within the rotating rod and rotates while maintaining structural stability.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the nail foot spacing adjustment assembly includes a pair of internal threads and a pair of threaded sleeves. The internal threads are formed at opposite ends of a rotating rod, and the internal threads are arranged in opposite directions. The threaded sleeves are fixedly connected to the sidewalls of the two base columns on opposite sides. The threaded sleeves are integrally formed with external threads, and the threaded sleeves are respectively threadedly connected to the internal threads via the external threads. The threaded sleeves are threadedly connected to the internal threads via the external threads, so that the threaded sleeves are threadedly mounted on the rotating rod, thereby ensuring structural stability when the threaded sleeves are mounted on both ends of the rotating rod. Furthermore, because the internal threads at both ends of the rotating rod have opposite directions of rotation, when the threaded sleeves are threaded onto the internal threads, the forward and reverse rotation of the rotating rod can drive the threaded sleeves to move toward or away from each other at the two ends of the rotating rod, thereby adjusting the spacing between the threaded sleeves. Since one end of the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the base column, adjusting the spacing between the threaded sleeves can adjust the spacing between the nail feet. Since the pair of nail feet are designed to be non-perpendicular to the bow-shaped body according to installation requirements, the threaded sleeves are fixedly connected to the side walls of the base column according to the inclination angle of the nail feet. At the same time, in order to ensure the strength of the bow-shaped body and the base column when connected together through the threaded sleeves, the threaded sleeves are made of stainless steel.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a pair of limit grooves are symmetrically formed on the inner side wall of the installation groove, and a pair of limit blocks are symmetrically formed on the outer side wall of the threaded sleeve. The pair of limit blocks are respectively slidably connected to the pair of limit grooves. Through the cooperation of the limit blocks and the limit grooves, the threaded sleeve is stable when moving on the rotating rod, ensuring that the threaded sleeve does not rotate when moving. At the same time, the limit groove limits the range of movement of the limit blocks, so as to limit the range of movement of the base column and ensure that the threaded sleeve does not slip off the rotating rod. An energy-absorbing layer is provided between the inner side wall of the installation groove and the outer side wall of the threaded sleeve. The energy-absorbing layer is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the installation groove. When the door-shaped nail is subjected to force through the energy-absorbing layer, the force between the bow-shaped body and the nail foot can be buffered by the energy-absorbing layer.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the drive assembly includes a first bevel gear, which is fixedly connected to the side wall at the center of the rotating rod. A drive groove is provided in the bow-shaped body, and the first bevel gear is placed in the drive groove. A connecting groove is provided at the top of the drive groove in a manner that passes through to the outside of the top of the bow-shaped body.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the drive assembly further comprises a rotating rod rotatably connected to the connecting groove. A second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating rod, which is meshedly connected to the first bevel gear. A second miniature bearing is mounted on the inner sidewall of the connecting groove, and the rotating rod is sleeved within the second miniature bearing. A hexagonal slot drive block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating rod, which is rotatably connected to the upper end of the connecting groove. When installing a door nail, if the spacing between the nail legs needs to be adjusted, the hexagonal slot drive block is rotated with a hexagonal wrench, which drives the rotating rod to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod drives the second bevel gear, which in turn drives the first bevel gear, which in turn drives the rotating rod. Rotation of the rotating rod causes a pair of threaded sleeves at the end of the rotating rod to move, thereby adjusting the spacing between the nail legs. This design facilitates adjustment of the nail leg spacing while ensuring structural stability after adjustment. This allows for adjustable spacing of the door nails without affecting their strength due to spacing variations.

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the bottom of the wing plate is fixedly connected to a plurality of barbs in an array, each of which is set to a height of 40-60 μm. A layer of nanohydroxyapatite particles is deposited between the barbs via laser cladding. After the door-shaped nail is installed, the barbs embed into the bone cortex, dissipating shear forces. The nanohydroxyapatite particle layer promotes bone cell incorporation into the micropores, and after several weeks of installation, the door-shaped nail forms a dual mechanical and biological lock.

[0021] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, mounting cavities are provided on the outer side walls on both sides of the bow-shaped body, a sphere is rotatably connected within the mounting cavity, one end of the connecting rod away from the wing plate is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sphere, and a biocompatible silicone gasket is provided between the inner side wall of the mounting cavity and the outer side wall of the sphere. The biocompatible silicone gasket is used to limit the rotation range of the sphere within the mounting cavity, so that the rotation range of the sphere within the mounting cavity is ±20 degrees. This allows the wing plate to adapt to the curvature of the bone surface within the set rotation range, thereby utilizing the articulated joint of the sphere and the connecting rod to achieve self-adaptation to the curved bone during installation of the door-type nail, and forming a mechanical lock through micron-level barbs, ultimately solving the problem of insufficient anti-rotation of the door-type nail.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. This invention utilizes the adaptive anti-rotation wing's micro-barb bone embedding mechanism and spatial triangular truss structure to strengthen the weak anti-rotation capability of traditional door-type nails into a systematic anti-torsion system, completely eliminating the risk of rotational displacement at the fracture end. Simultaneously, the anti-rotation wing mechanism decomposes the shear force into a bone integration-promoting force and a barb anchoring force, thus overcoming the problem of lateral instability of door-type nails.

[0024] 2. The present invention achieves real-time millimeter-level adjustment of the nail foot spacing through an adjustment mechanism. The surgeon can make in-situ corrections according to the needs of bone reduction, avoiding the blindness of traditional designs. The gate-type nail can adapt to different bone sizes by adjusting the nail foot spacing.

[0025] 3. The present invention avoids the risk of bone necrosis caused by traditional rigid compression through the elastic adaptive fit of the anti-rotation wing; the variable stiffness arched body realizes the intelligent transition from early rigid fixation to mid-term elastic conduction, matching the biomechanical requirements of different stages of fracture healing; the biological coating and the micro-barb structure synergistically guide the directional climbing growth of bone tissue, realizing the dual locking of mechanical fixation and biological fusion; thus, the improvement of the door-type nail significantly improves the use effect of the door-type nail, which has great promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a front view of a door-shaped nail in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2A three-dimensional diagram of a door-shaped nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a door-shaped nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a door-shaped nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram at A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram at point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram at C in the middle;

[0034] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram at D in the middle;

[0035] Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the threaded sleeve and the mounting groove in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the threaded sleeve in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the rotating rod in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the limiting block and the limiting groove in the present invention.

[0039] Description of main reference numerals:

[0040] 1-main body, 11-arc-shaped body, 12-base column, 13-nail tip, 1301-porous magnesium alloy frame, 1302-polylactic acid degradation layer, 14-Ω-shaped elastic groove, 2-adjustment mechanism, 21-rotation rod, 22-mounting groove, 23-internal thread, 24-threaded sleeve, 25-limiting block, 26-limiting groove, 27-energy absorption layer, 28-first micro-bearing, 29-driving groove, 210-first umbrella-shaped gear, 211-second umbrella-shaped gear, 212-connecting groove, 213-rotation rod, 214-second micro-bearing, 215-hexagonal groove driving block, 3-anti-rotation wing mechanism, 31-connecting rod, 32-wing plate, 33-barb, 34-nanohydroxyapatite particle layer, 35-mounting cavity, 36-sphere, 37-biocompatible silicone gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a door-shaped nail in one embodiment of the present invention includes a main body mechanism 1, an adjustment mechanism 2 and an anti-rotation wing mechanism 3.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the main body mechanism 1 includes an arched main body 11, with a pair of base columns 12 mounted at both ends of the arched main body 11. The lower ends of the pair of base columns 12 are fixedly connected to nail tips 13. The base columns 12 and nail tips 13 constitute the nail feet of the door-shaped nail. By mounting the pair of base columns 12 at both ends of the arched main body 11, a door-shaped nail can be formed by the arched main body 11 and the pair of nail feet. The traditional door-shaped nail adopts an integrated structure. The door-shaped nail is composed of the arched main body 11 and the pair of nail feet. At the same time, because the base columns 12 are mounted at both ends of the arched main body 11, the spacing between the pair of nail feet of the door-shaped nail can be adjusted, so that the door-shaped nail can adapt to different bone sizes.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an Ω-shaped elastic groove 14 is formed at the bottom of the center of the arch body 11, extending from front to back. This Ω-shaped elastic groove 14 provides axial elastic travel for the arch body 11. The arch body 11 is composed of a TC4 titanium alloy and a Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer, forming a variable stiffness composite structure. The TC4 titanium alloy serves as the main structure, ensuring sufficient strength for the arch body 11. The Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer is laser-clad on the bottom of the main structure. The phase transition temperature of the Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer is set to 35-36.5°C to be triggered by human body temperature and provide dynamic stiffness adjustment. The initial high stiffness provides stable fixation in the early stages of healing. Thermal stiffness is triggered in the middle stages of healing, reducing stiffness and promoting stress conduction. This allows the arch body 11 to achieve an intelligent transition from early rigid fixation to mid-term elastic conduction.

[0045] like Figure 4 Combine Figure 5As shown, the base column 12 is made of TC4 titanium alloy, and the strength of the nail leg is ensured by the base column 12. The nail tip 13 is set as a conical structure with a pointed bottom, so that the lower end of the nail leg is a self-tapping conical structure, which is convenient for the installation of the door-type nail. The nail tip 13 is composed of a porous magnesium alloy frame 1301 and a polylactic acid degradation layer 1302. The porous magnesium alloy frame 1301 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base column 12, and the polylactic acid degradation layer 1302 is laser-clad on the outer wall of the porous magnesium alloy frame 1301. The porous magnesium alloy frame 1301 provides instantaneous rigidity for the implantation of the door-type nail. After the door-type nail is installed, the porous magnesium alloy frame 1301 gradually corrodes over time, and the polylactic acid degradation layer 1302 continues to degrade. At the same time, the segmented softening of the nail tip 13 is achieved by adjusting the molecular weight of the polylactic acid degradation layer 1302.

[0046] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the adjustment mechanism 2 includes a rotating rod 21 and a mounting slot 22. The mounting slot 22 is transversely defined within the arched body 11. The rotating rod 21 is rotatably connected to the mounting slot 22, allowing the rotating rod 21 to be rotatably mounted within the arched body 11 through the mounting slot 22. Nail spacing adjustment assemblies are disposed between the ends of the rotating rod 21 and the corresponding base columns 12. Rotation of the rotating rod 21, in conjunction with the nail spacing adjustment assemblies, adjusts the nail spacing. A drive assembly is mounted at the center of the rotating rod 21 to drive the rotating rod 21 for adjusting the nail spacing.

[0047] like Figure 4 and Figure 11 As shown, a pair of first micro bearings 28 are mounted on the inner sidewalls of the mounting groove 22. The rotating rod 21 is sleeved on the inner sidewalls of the pair of first micro bearings 28, with the ends of the rotating rod 21 flush with the ends of the mounting groove 22. The pair of first micro bearings 28 ensure that the rotating rod 21 is mounted within the rotating rod 21 and rotates while maintaining structural stability.

[0048] like Figure 6 、 Figures 9 to 11As shown, the nail foot spacing adjustment assembly includes a pair of internal threads 23 and a pair of threaded sleeves 24. The internal threads 23 are formed at opposite ends of the rotating rod 21, and the threaded sleeves 24 are fixedly connected to the sidewalls of the two base columns 12 on opposite sides. The threaded sleeves 24 are integrally formed with external threads, and the threaded sleeves 24 are respectively threadedly connected to the internal threads 23 via the external threads. The threaded sleeves 24 are threadedly connected to the internal threads 23 via the external threads, thereby threading the threaded sleeves 24 onto the rotating rod 21. This ensures a stable structure for the threaded sleeves 24 at both ends of the rotating rod 21. Furthermore, because the threaded sleeves 24 are threadedly connected to the internal threads 23 at both ends of the rotating rod 21, the threaded sleeves 24 can be driven to move toward or away from each other at the two ends of the rotating rod 21 by rotating the rotating rod 21 forward and reverse. This allows the spacing between the threaded sleeves 24 to be adjusted. Because one end of the threaded sleeve 24 is fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the base column 12, adjusting the spacing between the pair of threaded sleeves 24 can adjust the spacing between the nail feet. Simultaneously, when the rotating rod 21 rotates, it drives the nail feet to move at the micron level, thereby achieving high-precision adjustment of the nail foot spacing. Because the pair of nail feet are designed to be non-perpendicular to the arched body 11 based on installation requirements, the threaded sleeve 24 is fixed to the sidewall of the base column 12 at the angle of the nail feet. Furthermore, to ensure the strength of the threaded sleeve 24 when connecting the arched body 11 and the base column 12, the threaded sleeve 24 is made of stainless steel.

[0049] like Figure 9 and Figure 12 As shown, a pair of symmetrical limiting grooves 26 are formed on the inner sidewall of the mounting groove 22, and a pair of symmetrical limiting blocks 25 are formed on the outer sidewall of the threaded sleeve 24. The limiting blocks 25 are slidably connected to the pair of limiting grooves 26. The cooperation between the limiting blocks 25 and the limiting grooves 26 stabilizes the threaded sleeve 24 as it moves on the rotating rod 21, ensuring that the threaded sleeve 24 does not rotate during movement. At the same time, the limiting grooves 26 limit the range of motion of the limiting blocks 25, thereby limiting the range of motion of the base column 12 and ensuring that the threaded sleeve 24 does not slip off the rotating rod 21. An energy-absorbing layer 27 is provided between the inner sidewall of the mounting groove 22 and the outer sidewall of the threaded sleeve 24. The energy-absorbing layer 27 is fixedly mounted on the inner sidewall of the mounting groove 22. When the door nail is subjected to force, the force between the bow-shaped body 11 and the nail foot can be buffered by the energy-absorbing layer 27.

[0050] like Figure 5 and Figure 11As shown, the drive assembly includes a first umbrella-shaped gear 210, which is fixedly connected to the side wall at the center of the rotating rod 21. A drive groove 29 is opened in the bow-shaped main body 11, and the first umbrella-shaped gear 210 is placed in the drive groove 29. A connecting groove 212 is opened at the top of the drive groove 29 in a manner of passing through to the outside of the top of the bow-shaped main body 11.

[0051] like Figure 5 and Figure 11 As shown, the driving assembly also includes a rotating rod 213, which is rotatably connected to the connecting groove 212. The bottom of the rotating rod 213 is fixedly connected to the second umbrella-shaped gear 211, and the second umbrella-shaped gear 211 is meshedly connected to the first umbrella-shaped gear 210. A second miniature bearing 214 is installed on the inner side wall of the connecting groove 212, and the rotating rod 213 is sleeved in the second miniature bearing 214. The upper end of the rotating rod 213 is fixedly connected to the hexagonal groove driving block 215, and the hexagonal groove driving block 215 is rotatably connected to the upper port of the connecting groove 212. When installing door nails, if the spacing between the nails needs to be adjusted, the hexagonal slot drive block 215 is rotated with a hexagonal wrench. The hexagonal slot drive block 215 drives the rotating rod 213 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod 213 drives the second umbrella-shaped gear 211 to rotate. The rotation of the second umbrella-shaped gear 211 drives the first umbrella-shaped gear 210 to rotate. The rotation of the first umbrella-shaped gear 210 drives the rotating rod 21 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating rod 21 causes the pair of threaded sleeves 24 to move at the end of the rotating rod 21, thereby adjusting the spacing between the nails. This design facilitates the adjustment of the nail spacing while ensuring the stability of the structure after the adjustment. Therefore, the spacing of the door nails can be adjusted without affecting the strength of the nails due to the spacing change.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the anti-rotation wing mechanism 3 includes a pair of connecting rods 31, which are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the arched body 11, respectively. Each end of the connecting rods 31, facing away from the arched body 11, is fixedly connected to a wing plate 32. Conventional door-shaped nails primarily provide axial compression and bending resistance, but are relatively weak in resisting rotational and shear forces between fractured ends. To address this technical challenge, wing plates 32 are provided on either side of the arched body 11, connected by a pair of connecting rods 31. During installation, the door-shaped nail presses the wing plates 32 against the outer surface of the bone, so that the bone and the door-shaped nail form a spatial triangular truss. This converts rotational forces between the fractured ends into compression / tension while dispersing shear forces, resolving the technical challenge of relatively weak resistance to rotational and shear forces between fractured ends. Furthermore, to maximize the effectiveness of the wing plates 32 after installation, they are designed to match the outer surface of the bone.

[0053] like Figure 4 Combine Figure 8As shown, the bottom of the wing plate 32 is fixedly connected with a plurality of barbs 33 in an array, the plurality of barbs 33 are set to a height of 40-60 μm, and the bottom of the wing plate 32 is provided with a nano-hydroxyapatite particle layer 34 between the plurality of barbs 33 by laser cladding. After the installation of the door-shaped nail, the plurality of barbs 33 are embedded in the bone cortex to disperse the shear force. The nano-hydroxyapatite particle layer 34 can promote the growth of bone cells into the micropores, and the mechanical-biological double locking is formed after the installation of the door-shaped nail for several weeks.

[0054] As shown in the drawings, Figure 4 In combination Figure 6 As shown, the outer side walls on the left and right sides of the arc-shaped body 11 are each provided with an installation cavity 35, a sphere 36 is rotatably connected in the installation cavity 35, the end of the communication rod 31 away from the wing plate 32 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sphere 36, and a biocompatible silica gel gasket 37 is arranged between the inner side wall of the installation cavity 35 and the outer side wall of the sphere 36, which is used to limit the rotation range of the sphere 36 in the installation cavity 35, so that the rotation range of the sphere 36 in the installation cavity 35 is ±20 degrees. The wing plate 32 is self-adaptive to the bone surface curvature within the set rotation range, so that the self-adaptive of the curved bone during the installation of the door-shaped nail is realized by the combined hinged joint of the sphere 36 and the communication rod 31, and the mechanical locking is formed by the micron-level barbs 33, thereby finally solving the problem of insufficient anti-rotation of the door-shaped nail.

[0055] In use, when the door-shaped nail is installed on the bone, the nail foot spacing needs to be adjusted to adapt to the bone, the operator can drive the rotating rod 21 to rotate through the driving mechanism by rotating the hexagonal groove driving block 215, so that the screw sleeve 24 at both ends can move when the rotating rod 21 rotates, thereby adjusting the nail foot spacing through the movement of the screw sleeve 24, so that the nail foot spacing matches the bone, thereby facilitating the installation of the door-shaped nail; the nail foot is inserted into the installation hole formed on the bone, and under the action of the nail tip 13, the installation of the door-shaped nail is facilitated, when the nail foot is completely installed in the installation hole, the bottom of the wing plate 32 contacts the bone surface, the wing plate 32 is self-adaptive to the bone surface curvature by rotating, and the plurality of barbs 33 are embedded in the bone cortex, so as to strengthen the weak anti-rotation ability of the traditional door-shaped nail into a systematic anti-torsion system through the self-adaptive anti-rotation wing micro-barb bone embedding mechanism and the space triangular truss structure, and completely eliminate the risk of rotation displacement of the fracture end, and the anti-rotation wing mechanism 3 decomposes the shear force into bone integration promoting force and barb anchoring force, thereby solving the problem of lateral instability of the door-shaped nail; the installed door-shaped nail realizes the intelligent transition from early rigid fixation to medium-term elastic conduction by using the variable stiffness arc-shaped body, matches the biomechanical requirements of different stages of fracture healing, and cooperates with the micro-barb structure to guide the directional climbing growth of bone tissue, thereby realizing the dual locking of mechanical fixation and biological fusion.

[0056] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0057] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A door nail, characterized in that: include: The main body mechanism comprises an arched main body, a pair of base columns are installed at both ends of the arched main body, and the lower ends of the pair of base columns are fixedly connected to nail tips; The adjustment mechanism includes a rotating rod and a mounting slot, wherein the mounting slot is provided in a transversely penetrating manner in the bow-shaped main body, the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the mounting slot, and nail foot spacing adjustment components are respectively provided between the two ends of the rotating rod and the corresponding base columns, and a driving component is installed at the center of the rotating rod; The anti-rotation wing mechanism includes a pair of connecting rods, which are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the bow-shaped body respectively, and one end of the pair of connecting rods away from the bow-shaped body is fixedly connected to a wing plate.

2. A door-shaped nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: An Ω-shaped elastic groove is provided at the bottom of the center of the bow-shaped body in a front-to-back manner. The bow-shaped body is composed of TC4 titanium alloy and a Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer to form a variable stiffness composite structure. The TC4 titanium alloy is the main structure, and the Ti-Ni shape memory alloy functional layer is laser-clad on the bottom of the main structure.

3. A door-shaped nail according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base column is made of TC titanium alloy, and the nail tip is set as a conical structure with a pointed bottom. The nail tip consists of a porous magnesium alloy frame and a polylactic acid degradation layer. The porous magnesium alloy frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base column, and the polylactic acid degradation layer is laser-clad on the outer wall of the porous magnesium alloy frame.

4. A door-shaped nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of first micro bearings are installed on the inner side walls of the installation groove, the rotating rod is sleeved on the inner side walls of the pair of first micro bearings, and the two ends of the rotating rod are flush with the two ends of the installation groove.

5. The door-shaped nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nail foot spacing adjustment assembly includes a pair of internal threads and a pair of threaded sleeves. The pair of internal threads are respectively opened at both ends of the rotating rod, and the rotation directions of the pair of internal threads are arranged in opposite ways. The pair of threaded sleeves are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls on the opposite sides of a pair of base columns. The pair of threaded sleeves are integrally formed with external threads, and the pair of threaded sleeves are respectively threadedly connected to the pair of internal threads through external threads.

6. A door-shaped nail according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pair of limit grooves are symmetrically provided on the inner side wall of the mounting groove, and a pair of limit blocks are symmetrically provided on the outer side wall of the threaded sleeve. The pair of limit blocks are respectively slidably connected to the pair of limit grooves. An energy absorbing layer is provided between the inner side wall of the mounting groove and the outer side wall of the threaded sleeve, and the energy absorbing layer is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the mounting groove.

7. A door-shaped nail according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a first bevel gear, which is fixedly connected to the side wall at the center of the rotating rod. A driving groove is opened in the bow-shaped body, and the first bevel gear is placed in the driving groove. A connecting groove is opened at the top of the driving groove in a manner that penetrates to the outside of the top of the bow-shaped body.

8. The door-shaped nail according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving assembly also includes a rotating rod, which is rotatably connected to the connecting groove. The bottom of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear is meshedly connected to the first bevel gear. A second miniature bearing is installed on the inner side wall of the connecting groove. The rotating rod is sleeved in the second miniature bearing. The upper end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a hexagonal groove driving block, and the hexagonal groove driving block is rotatably connected to the upper port of the connecting groove.

9. The door-shaped nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the wing plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of barbs in an array, and the height of the barbs is set to 40-60 μm. The bottom of the wing plate is provided with a nano-hydroxyapatite particle layer between the barbs by laser cladding.

10. The door-shaped nail according to claim 9, characterized in that: An installation cavity is provided on the outer walls on both sides of the bow-shaped body, and a ball is rotatably connected in the installation cavity. The end of the connecting rod away from the wing plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sphere. A biocompatible silicone gasket is provided between the inner wall of the installation cavity and the outer wall of the sphere. The biocompatible silicone gasket is used to limit the rotation range of the sphere in the installation cavity, so that the rotation range of the sphere in the installation cavity is ±20 degrees.

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