Building complex special-shaped component processing method and system based on BIM

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building design, and particularly relates to a BIM-based building complex special-shaped component processing method and system, and the method comprises the steps: directly converting a three-dimensional structure model into a topological structure adaptive to acoustic analysis, and integrating a sound field simulation and feedback optimization mechanism into a unified BIM platform. Accurate prediction and dynamic optimization of the acoustic performance of the special-shaped component from the initial stage of design are realized; according to the method, the design efficiency and accuracy are greatly improved, human errors are reduced, potential acoustic problems such as a reverberation abnormal area can be accurately recognized and relieved, and the component form is adjusted through iteration until the preset acoustic standard is met; besides, cooperation among multiple disciplines is promoted, decision support capability based on quantitative data is enhanced, so that overall quality and user satisfaction of a project are improved, cost and time consumption of later modification are remarkably reduced, and the method has important engineering application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of architectural design, and in particular relates to a method and system for processing complex and special-shaped architectural components based on BIM. Background Art

[0002] In modern architectural design, special-shaped components are widely used in large public buildings, cultural venues, and other projects due to their unique shapes and artistic expression. However, due to their complex geometry and variable surface curvature, these components are prone to abnormal reflection and aggregation of sound waves, leading to acoustic problems such as excessive reverberation time, sound distortion, or excessively high local sound pressure, affecting the clarity and comfort of sound within the building's interior.

[0003] Currently, the design of irregularly shaped components within the Building Information Modeling (BIM) platform primarily focuses on geometric modeling and structural safety analysis, with limited attention paid to the systematic evaluation and optimization of their acoustic performance. Existing technologies typically employ general-purpose acoustic simulation software for a posteriori acoustic field analysis. This involves importing the model for acoustic simulation after the design is complete. If problems are discovered, designers manually adjust the component shape based on their experience. This approach lacks an integrated, quantitative, and iterative acoustic optimization process based on the BIM platform.

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to use BIM technology to achieve pre-prediction and dynamic optimization of the acoustic performance of complex and irregular-shaped building components, so as to reduce the risk of acoustic defects caused by the complex shape of the components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for processing complex and special-shaped building components based on BIM to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for processing complex and irregular-shaped building components based on BIM, comprising the following steps: Establish a three-dimensional structural model that includes the geometric form of special-shaped components and record the surface curvature changes and spatial position relationships of the components; Converting the three-dimensional structural model into a topological structure suitable for acoustic analysis, extracting boundary conditions of special-shaped components and marking material sound absorption characteristics; Load the topology structure in the acoustic simulation environment and generate the initial sound field distribution map by adjusting the initial position of the sound source and the reflection path; Comparing the sound field distribution map with a preset acoustic standard, marking abnormal areas where reverberation exists, and adjusting the local curvature of the special-shaped component according to the spatial characteristics of the abnormal areas; Re-import the corrected three-dimensional structural model and calculate the difference in sound pressure level and frequency response values ​​of the corrected sound field; The numerical difference is compared with the target threshold. If it does not meet the target, the component shape is iteratively adjusted to output the final three-dimensional structural model and acoustic performance report.

[0007] Preferably, the step of establishing a three-dimensional structural model including the geometrical form of the special-shaped component and recording the surface curvature change and spatial position relationship of the component comprises: Collect design drawings and point cloud data of special-shaped components, and generate an initial contour line set through spatial coordinate matching; Based on the initial contour line set, a surface mesh structure is constructed using a triangulation method; Analyzing the geometric change trends of various regions in the surface grid structure, identifying locations with sudden changes in curvature, and marking them as acoustically sensitive areas; The spatial position information and local curvature characteristics of the acoustically sensitive area are stored in a BIM database, and an index of relative positioning relationships between components is established.

[0008] Preferably, converting the three-dimensional structural model into a topological structure suitable for acoustic analysis includes: Extract surface elements of special-shaped components in 3D structural models and divide them into basic modules that can be used for acoustic propagation analysis; Building a connection map based on the basic modules to represent the acoustic energy transfer path relationship between the modules; Obtain the material properties at the contact boundary of the components and determine the reflection characteristics of each surface patch based on the sound absorption performance data; The reflection characteristics are integrated with the connection map to form an acoustic topological network with physical properties.

[0009] Preferably, generating the initial sound field distribution map includes: Set the initial position of the sound source in the acoustic simulation environment and determine the main propagation direction based on the spatial layout; Tracking the propagation path of the sound wave in the topological structure based on the initial position and propagation direction of the sound source, and recording the patch sequence of each reflection; Calculating the overall attenuation of the path based on the reflection characteristics in the patch sequence; The sound pressure contributions from multiple paths are integrated to generate the initial sound field distribution map and mark the areas where sound energy is concentrated.

[0010] Preferably, the marking of abnormal areas where reverberation exists includes: Extract the sound pressure data from the initial sound field distribution map, divide the space into regular grids and record the sound energy intensity at each grid point; Comparing the sound energy intensity with a preset reverberation threshold, and screening out candidate areas exceeding the threshold; Connected domain analysis is performed on the candidate area to count the number of adjacent grid points. If the number reaches a set minimum, it is determined to be a reverberation abnormal area.

[0011] Preferably, adjusting the local curvature of the special-shaped component according to the spatial characteristics of the abnormal area includes: Extract the surface coordinate point set of the special-shaped component corresponding to the abnormal area and analyze the local geometric curvature characteristics of each point; Based on the curvature characteristics, the maximum curvature point and its surrounding area are selected as the adjustment target area; Applying a fine-tuning displacement along the normal direction to the target area to change the local geometric shape; The surface contour is reconstructed based on the adjusted coordinate point set, and the geometric information and related acoustic properties in the three-dimensional structural model are updated.

[0012] Preferably, re-importing the modified three-dimensional structural model and calculating the difference in sound pressure level and frequency response values ​​of the modified sound field include: Re-import the adjusted 3D structural model into the acoustic simulation environment, keeping the sound source parameters consistent with the initial conditions; The sound pressure level of each measuring point in the current sound field is obtained based on the imported adjusted 3D structural model, and the difference is obtained by comparing it with the result before adjustment; Apply different frequency excitations to the measurement points, record the response peaks, generate frequency response curves before and after correction, analyze the differences between the frequency response curves, and evaluate the degree of change in the overall acoustic performance.

[0013] Preferably, the numerical difference is compared with a target threshold, and if the target is not reached, the component shape is iteratively adjusted, including: Set the difference threshold between sound pressure level and frequency response as the criterion for judging whether the performance meets the standard; Compare the actual sound pressure difference and frequency response difference with the corresponding thresholds respectively. If any indicator exceeds the limit, the adjustment process is initiated; Adjustment weights are assigned based on the degree of excess, and the overall adjustment needs are calculated based on a comprehensive analysis of the various deviations.

[0014] Preferably, the output of the final three-dimensional structural model and acoustic performance report includes: Extract the 3D structural model data that ultimately meets the acoustic performance requirements and generate standardized BIM files; Extracting acoustic performance information of each component based on the BIM file, including reverberation control level and sound pressure distribution; Combine acoustic performance information and component numbers into structured report content, and organize them into readable documents by construction stage; A version identifier is added to the readable document, and a timestamp and designer code are attached, and the document is archived and uploaded to the project collaboration platform.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention provides a BIM-based building complex special-shaped component processing system, comprising: The 3D structural model building module is used to build a 3D structural model that includes the geometric form of special-shaped components and record the surface curvature changes and spatial position relationships of the components; An acoustic adaptation conversion module, used to convert the three-dimensional structural model into a topological structure adapted for acoustic analysis, extract boundary conditions of special-shaped components and annotate material sound absorption characteristics; The initial sound field simulation module is used to load the topology structure in the acoustic simulation environment and generate the initial sound field distribution map by adjusting the initial position of the sound source and the reflection path; an acoustic anomaly identification and local adjustment module, for comparing the sound field distribution map with a preset acoustic standard, marking abnormal areas with reverberation, and adjusting the local curvature of the special-shaped component according to the spatial characteristics of the abnormal area; The correction effect evaluation module is used to re-import the corrected three-dimensional structural model and calculate the difference in sound pressure level and frequency response values ​​of the corrected sound field; The compliance checking and iterative optimization module is used to compare the numerical difference with the target threshold. If the target is not met, the component shape is iteratively adjusted to output the final three-dimensional structural model and acoustic performance report.

[0016] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: The method and system for processing complex and irregular-shaped building components based on BIM proposed in the present invention have the following advantages over the prior art: The present invention directly converts the three-dimensional structural model into a topological structure suitable for acoustic analysis and integrates the sound field simulation and feedback optimization mechanism into a unified BIM platform, thereby achieving accurate prediction and dynamic optimization of the acoustic performance of special-shaped components from the early design stage. This method not only greatly improves design efficiency and accuracy and reduces human errors, but also accurately identifies and alleviates potential acoustic problems, such as abnormal reverberation areas, by iteratively adjusting the component shape until the preset acoustic standards are met. In addition, it promotes collaboration among multiple disciplines and enhances decision-making support capabilities based on quantitative data, thereby improving the overall quality of the project and user satisfaction, significantly reducing the cost and time consumption of later modifications, and has important engineering application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for processing complex special-shaped building components based on BIM of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the BIM-based building complex and special-shaped component processing system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The present invention provides Figure 1 The BIM-based approach to handling complex, irregularly shaped building components shown here significantly improves the quality and efficiency of architectural acoustic design. By integrating 3D geometric modeling, acoustic topology conversion, sound field simulation analysis, and feedback optimization into a unified platform, a closed-loop process from model building to acoustic control is achieved. This approach can promptly identify and mitigate potential acoustic issues during the design phase, improving the acoustic environment quality of irregularly shaped components in practical applications and has promising engineering application prospects, as detailed below: In this embodiment, a method for processing complex and irregular-shaped building components based on BIM includes the following steps: Step 1: Establish a three-dimensional structural model that includes the geometric form of the special-shaped component and record the surface curvature changes and spatial position relationships of the component; including the following steps: Collect the design drawings of special-shaped components, use laser scanning or other 3D scanning technology to obtain point cloud data of special-shaped components, and generate an initial contour line set through spatial coordinate matching; Based on the contour line set, the surface mesh is constructed using the Delaunay triangulation method, which is expressed as: T=Delaunay(P), where P is the point set and T is the connection relationship between the triangle faces; this formula means that given a point set P, Delaunay triangulation will generate a triangle set T such that no other point is within the circumcircle of any triangle.

[0020] Calculate the rate of change of the normal vector of each triangle, identify areas with sudden changes in curvature, and mark them as acoustically sensitive areas; Normal vector calculation formula: Assuming that the vertices of a triangle are A(x1, y1, z1), B(x2, y2, z2), and C(x3, y3, z3), its normal vector N can be calculated using the following formula: N=(BA)x(CA), where x represents the vector product operation.

[0021] Curvature mutation detection: Compare the angle θ between the normal vectors of adjacent triangles. If θ exceeds the set threshold, it is considered that there is a curvature mutation in the area.

[0022] The spatial coordinates and curvature K information of the acoustic sensitive area are embedded in the BIM database to establish the relative position index between components. For each sensitive area, its minimum bounding box (BoundingBox) or center point coordinates (Cx, Cy, Cz) and local maximum curvature value are recorded. Use data structures such as tree structures (such as R-trees) or hash tables to efficiently store and query this information, facilitating fast access and updates.

[0023] Step 2: Convert the three-dimensional structural model into a topological structure suitable for acoustic analysis, extract the boundary conditions of the special-shaped components and mark the sound absorption characteristics of the materials; including the following steps: The following steps are involved: Identify the surface nodes of irregular-shaped components in 3D structural models and divide them into basic acoustic propagation units (such as triangles or quadrilaterals) to facilitate subsequent calculation and analysis of acoustic energy propagation paths.

[0024] Generate a connection map based on the basic unit, and use the adjacency matrix A to represent the sound energy transmission path between each unit; the elements in the adjacency matrix A are Indicates whether the i-th unit is directly connected to the j-th unit (in acoustic analysis, sound energy can be directly transmitted between two units).

[0025] The adjacency matrix A is defined as follows: If cell i is directly connected to cell j, then =1; otherwise = 0. A: Adjacency matrix, used to represent the connection between units. : The elements in matrix A describe the connection status between unit i and unit j.

[0026] Extract the geometric continuity parameters of the contact boundary of the component, search the sound absorption rate table L in combination with the material type, and obtain the reflection weight R=1-L of each surface; integrate the reflection weight R with the atlas structure to construct an acoustic topology network with attributes for subsequent sound field simulation calls. For each basic unit i, in addition to storing its connection information with adjacent units, additional attributes are required. , which is the reflection weight of the unit.

[0027] Combining the adjacency matrix A and the reflection weight R, we can construct a weighted graph G=(V,E), where V represents the set of all basic units, E represents the set of connection relationships between units, and each edge With weight or (Depending on specific application requirements).

[0028] Step 3: Load the topology structure in the acoustic simulation environment and generate the initial sound field distribution map by adjusting the initial position of the sound source and the reflection path. This includes the following steps: Set the initial position of the sound source in the acoustic simulation environment , and select the main propagation direction according to the spatial layout; Based on the initial position and propagation direction of the sound source, the path of the sound wave in the topological structure is tracked, and the patch number sequence of each collision is recorded. ; Represents a list of numbers of all the patches encountered in sequence on the sound wave path.

[0029] For each patch in the patch number sequence, call the corresponding reflection weight R and calculate the total attenuation coefficient of the path , i = 1 to n; G reflects the proportion of energy remaining after the sound wave propagates along a specific path. is the reflection weight of the i-th patch in the path, which indicates the proportion of the acoustic wave energy retained by the patch.

[0030] The initial sound field distribution map in three-dimensional space is generated by superimposing the sound pressure contributions from all paths, marking areas of high energy concentration. The sound pressure level at a point can be calculated by summing the energy contributions of all sound wave paths reaching that point. Assuming that there are m different paths reaching a specific location, the sound pressure P at that location can be approximated as: ; where j=1 to m represents different path numbers, is the total attenuation coefficient of the jth path, is the component of the original sound source intensity on the jth path.

[0031] Step 4: Comparing the sound field distribution map with a preset acoustic standard and marking abnormal areas with reverberation; including the following steps: The sound pressure level data in the initial sound field distribution map is extracted. To facilitate analysis, the spatial grid is divided and the sound energy density E(x, y, z) at each grid point is recorded. The sound energy density reflects the energy intensity of the sound wave at a specific location.

[0032] The sound energy density E is compared with the preset reverberation threshold Compare and filter out E(x,y,z)> Candidate areas; areas where the sound energy density exceeds the threshold can be identified as potential reverberation anomaly areas.

[0033] Perform connected domain analysis on the candidate area and count the number of adjacent grid points ,like ≥ , it is determined to be a reverberation abnormal area; The minimum grid point number threshold is used to determine whether a reverberation anomaly area exists.

[0034] Combined with the spatial coordinates of the reverberation anomaly area, a 3D label layer with labels is generated and written into the BIM platform warning list. For each identified reverberation anomaly area, its boundary coordinate range is recorded. Use this coordinate information to create corresponding 3D markers on the BIM platform and associate them with specific project files or documents to ensure real-time updates and tracking.

[0035] Step 5: adjusting the local curvature of the special-shaped component according to the spatial characteristics of the abnormal area; comprising the following steps: Extract the surface coordinate point set of the special-shaped component corresponding to the abnormal area , calculate the local curvature of each point , the local curvature is calculated by The surface changes in the surrounding small area are determined.

[0036] Sort the curvature K values ​​and select the maximum curvature point and the point set within its neighborhood , as the adjustment target area; sorting rules: .

[0037] With the target area as the center, the displacement d is applied along the normal direction, which can be expressed as: ,in for The unit normal vector at ; based on the adjusted point set A new surface profile is generated, and the geometric description and associated acoustic properties in the 3D structural model are updated. This new geometry is integrated back into the 3D structural model, and the associated acoustic properties are updated, allowing an assessment of whether the adjusted acoustic performance meets the pre-set criteria.

[0038] Step 6: Re-import the corrected 3D structural model and calculate the difference in sound pressure level and frequency response values ​​of the corrected sound field; this includes the following steps: The corrected 3D structural model is re-imported into the acoustic simulation environment, keeping the sound source parameters consistent with the initial settings. The sound pressure level P' at each measuring point in the current sound field is calculated based on the imported model and compared point by point with the sound pressure level P before correction. The difference ΔP = P'-P is obtained to evaluate the effectiveness of the improvement measures.

[0039] Apply frequency sweep excitation to the measurement point and record the response peak at each frequency to form the frequency response curves F and F' before and after correction; calculate the integral difference between the two curves , in the frequency band Evaluate overall acoustic performance changes within the instrument. : Frequency response function before correction. : The corrected frequency response function. D: The integral of the differences between the frequency response curves, used to measure the impact of the correction measures on the overall acoustic performance. It means differentiating the variable f (i.e. frequency).

[0040] By calculating the difference between the two curves and integrating their absolute value, we can gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact of corrective measures on the sound propagation characteristics at different frequencies. This metric helps assess whether improvements have achieved the desired effect, particularly in reducing anomalies within specific frequency ranges.

[0041] Step 7: Compare the numerical difference with the target threshold, and iteratively adjust the component shape if it does not meet the target; including the following steps: Setting the sound pressure level difference threshold Frequency response integral difference threshold , as a basis for performance judgment; these thresholds are used to determine whether the modified model meets the expected acoustic performance standards. If the actual measured difference exceeds these thresholds, it indicates that the current design needs further optimization.

[0042] The corrected sound pressure level difference ΔP and frequency response difference D are respectively and For comparison, if ΔP> or D> , then start the morphological adjustment process; adjust the weight according to the degree of difference and , calculate the comprehensive adjustment factor , used to guide the deformation amplitude of the component;

[0043] Update the local curvature adjustment based on the comprehensive adjustment factor, and return to the 3D modeling process, repeating the subsequent analysis steps until all threshold requirements are met. Adjustment formula example: Suppose you want to adjust the position of a point along the normal direction, you can use something like The formula, where d can be calculated based on To adjust dynamically.

[0044] Step 8: Output the final 3D structural model and acoustic performance report; including the following steps: Extract three-dimensional structural model data that meets acoustic threshold requirements and generate a standardized BIM file containing component geometric parameters and spatial coordinates; extract the acoustic performance indicators of each special-shaped component based on the BIM file, including the reverberation control level and sound pressure distribution; combine the performance indicators with the corresponding component numbers into itemized report content, and organize it into readable documents according to the construction stage; perform version tagging on the document, attach a timestamp and designer code, and complete the archiving and upload it to the project collaboration platform.

[0045] Through the above steps, key data can be extracted from the finalized 3D structural model and a detailed acoustic performance report can be generated. This not only helps ensure that the design meets the expected acoustic standards but also provides the project team with valuable reference materials, facilitating effective communication and collaboration throughout the building lifecycle. This approach improves design efficiency and accuracy and reduces the cost and time consumption of late-stage modifications.

[0046] On the other hand, the present invention proposes a BIM-based building complex special-shaped component processing system, such as Figure 2 Shown, including: The 3D structural model building module is used to build a 3D structural model that includes the geometric form of special-shaped components and record the surface curvature changes and spatial position relationships of the components; An acoustic adaptation conversion module, used to convert the three-dimensional structural model into a topological structure adapted for acoustic analysis, extract boundary conditions of special-shaped components and annotate material sound absorption characteristics; The initial sound field simulation module is used to load the topology structure in the acoustic simulation environment and generate the initial sound field distribution map by adjusting the initial position of the sound source and the reflection path; an acoustic anomaly identification and local adjustment module, for comparing the sound field distribution map with a preset acoustic standard, marking abnormal areas with reverberation, and adjusting the local curvature of the special-shaped component according to the spatial characteristics of the abnormal area; The correction effect evaluation module is used to re-import the corrected three-dimensional structural model and calculate the difference in sound pressure level and frequency response values ​​of the corrected sound field; The compliance checking and iterative optimization module is used to compare the numerical difference with the target threshold. If the target is not met, the component shape is iteratively adjusted to output the final three-dimensional structural model and acoustic performance report.

[0047] In addition, when executed, each of the above modules is also used to execute other steps of the above-mentioned method for processing complex and special-shaped building components based on BIM, as follows: Imagine you are designing a large concert hall with a complex ceiling. To ensure optimal acoustics, you will use a BIM-based approach to dealing with complex, irregularly shaped components to optimize the ceiling design.

[0048] Step 1: Create a three-dimensional structural model that includes the geometric shape of the special-shaped components and record the surface curvature changes and spatial position relationships of the components Data collection: Obtain ceiling design drawings and point cloud data from design drawings and 3D scans.

[0049] Generate contour line set: Generate the initial contour line set P by spatial coordinate matching.

[0050] Triangulation: The Delaunay triangulation method is used to construct the surface mesh T=Delaunay(P).

[0051] Identify areas with sudden changes in curvature: Calculate the rate of change of the normal vector of each triangle, mark areas with sudden changes in curvature as acoustically sensitive areas, and store this information in the BIM database.

[0052] Step 2: Convert the three-dimensional structural model into a topological structure suitable for acoustic analysis Divide basic units: Identify all surface nodes of special-shaped components in the 3D structural model and divide them into several basic units (such as triangles).

[0053] Construct a connection graph: Use the adjacency matrix A to represent the acoustic energy transfer path between units. For example, A[i][j]=1 means that units i and j are directly connected.

[0054] Determine the reflection weight: For each patch, look up the sound absorption table L and obtain the reflection weight R=1-L.

[0055] Fusion attributes: Combine the reflection weight R with the graph structure to form an acoustic topology network with physical attributes.

[0056] Step 3: Generate initial sound field distribution map Set the sound source position: Set the sound source position to And select the main propagation direction.

[0057] Tracking the path of sound waves: recording the sequence of patch numbers for each collision .

[0058] Calculate the attenuation coefficient: For each path, the total attenuation coefficient , where i = 1 to n.

[0059] Generate sound field distribution map: Generate an initial sound field distribution map in three-dimensional space according to the superposition of sound pressure contributions from all paths.

[0060] Step 4: Compare the sound field distribution map with the preset acoustic standards Extract sound energy density: Extract sound pressure level data from the initial sound field distribution map, divide the space into grids, and record the sound energy density E(x, y, z) at each grid point.

[0061] Compare threshold: compare the sound energy density E with the preset reverberation threshold Compare and filter out E(x,y,z)> candidate regions.

[0062] Connected domain analysis: counting the number of adjacent grid points ,like ≥ , it is determined to be a reverberation abnormal area.

[0063] Step 5: Adjust the local curvature of special-shaped components Extract coordinate point set: Extract the coordinate point set of the surface of the special-shaped component corresponding to the reverberation abnormal area , and calculate the local curvature of each point .

[0064] Select the maximum curvature point: sort the curvature K values ​​and select the maximum curvature point and the point set within its neighborhood .

[0065] Applied displacement: Applied displacement d in the normal direction, expressed as: ,in for The unit normal vector at .

[0066] Update model: Generate a new surface contour based on the adjusted point set and update the geometric description and associated acoustic properties in the 3D structural model.

[0067] Step 6: Re-import the corrected 3D structure model Import model: Re-import the modified 3D structural model into the acoustic simulation environment, keeping the sound source parameters consistent with the initial settings.

[0068] Calculate the sound pressure level difference: Calculate the sound pressure level P' at each measuring point in the current sound field, and compare it point by point with the sound pressure level P before correction to obtain the difference ΔP=P'-P.

[0069] Frequency response curve: Apply frequency sweep excitation to the measuring point and record the response peak value at each frequency to form the frequency response curves F and F' before and after correction.

[0070] Integral Difference: Calculates the integral difference between two curves , in the frequency band Evaluate overall acoustic performance changes within the instrument.

[0071] Step 7: Iteratively adjust the component shape Set threshold: Set the sound pressure level difference threshold Frequency response integral difference threshold .

[0072] Compare the differences: If ΔP> or D> , then start the shape adjustment process.

[0073] Assign adjustment weights: Assign adjustment weights based on the degree of difference and , calculate the comprehensive adjustment factor .

[0074] Update the adjustment amount: Update the local curvature adjustment amount based on the comprehensive adjustment factor, return to the 3D modeling process, and repeat the subsequent analysis steps until all threshold requirements are met.

[0075] Step 8: Output the final 3D structural model and acoustic performance report Generate BIM files: Extract 3D structural model data that meets acoustic threshold requirements and generate standardized BIM files containing component geometric parameters and spatial coordinates.

[0076] Extract acoustic indicators: Extract the acoustic performance indicators of each special-shaped component based on the BIM file, including the reverberation control level and sound pressure distribution.

[0077] Organize documents: Combine performance indicators and corresponding component numbers into itemized report content, and organize them into readable documents by construction stage.

[0078] Version marking: Perform version marking on the document, attach a timestamp and designer code, and complete the archiving and upload to the project collaboration platform.

[0079] This example demonstrates how to systematically apply the above steps and formulas to optimize the acoustic performance of complex, irregularly shaped building components, ensuring that the design meets the expected standards. This approach not only improves design efficiency but also significantly reduces the cost and time of subsequent modifications.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing complex and special-shaped building components based on BIM, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Establish a three-dimensional structural model that includes the geometric form of special-shaped components and record the surface curvature changes and spatial position relationships of the components; Converting the three-dimensional structural model into a topological structure suitable for acoustic analysis, extracting boundary conditions of special-shaped components and marking material sound absorption characteristics; Load the topology structure in the acoustic simulation environment and generate the initial sound field distribution map by adjusting the initial position of the sound source and the reflection path; Comparing the sound field distribution map with a preset acoustic standard, marking abnormal areas where reverberation exists, and adjusting the local curvature of the special-shaped component according to the spatial characteristics of the abnormal areas; Re-import the corrected three-dimensional structural model and calculate the difference in sound pressure level and frequency response values ​​of the corrected sound field; The numerical difference is compared with the target threshold. If it does not meet the target, the component shape is iteratively adjusted to output the final three-dimensional structural model and acoustic performance report.

2. A method for processing complex and special-shaped building components based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: The establishment of a three-dimensional structural model including the geometric form of the special-shaped component and recording the surface curvature change and spatial position relationship of the component includes: Collect design drawings and point cloud data of special-shaped components, and generate an initial contour line set through spatial coordinate matching; Based on the initial contour line set, a surface mesh structure is constructed using a triangulation method; Analyzing the geometric change trends of various regions in the surface grid structure, identifying locations with sudden changes in curvature, and marking them as acoustically sensitive areas; The spatial position information and local curvature characteristics of the acoustically sensitive area are stored in a BIM database, and an index of relative positioning relationships between components is established.

3. The method for processing complex and special-shaped building components based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: Converting the three-dimensional structural model into a topological structure suitable for acoustic analysis includes: Extract surface elements of special-shaped components in 3D structural models and divide them into basic modules that can be used for acoustic propagation analysis; Building a connection map based on the basic modules to represent the acoustic energy transfer path relationship between the modules; Obtain the material properties at the contact boundary of the components and determine the reflection characteristics of each surface patch based on the sound absorption performance data; The reflection characteristics are integrated with the connection map to form an acoustic topological network with physical properties.

4. The method for processing complex and special-shaped building components based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generating of the initial sound field distribution diagram includes: Set the initial position of the sound source in the acoustic simulation environment and determine the main propagation direction based on the spatial layout; Tracking the propagation path of the sound wave in the topological structure based on the initial position and propagation direction of the sound source, and recording the patch sequence of each reflection; Calculating the overall attenuation of the path based on the reflection characteristics in the patch sequence; The sound pressure contributions from multiple paths are integrated to generate the initial sound field distribution map and mark the areas where sound energy is concentrated.

5. The method for processing complex and special-shaped building components based on BIM according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The markers indicate unusual areas of reverberation, including: Extract the sound pressure data from the initial sound field distribution map, divide the space into regular grids and record the sound energy intensity at each grid point; Comparing the sound energy intensity with a preset reverberation threshold, and screening out candidate areas exceeding the threshold; Connected domain analysis is performed on the candidate area to count the number of adjacent grid points. If the number reaches a set minimum, it is determined to be a reverberation abnormal area.

6. The method for processing complex and special-shaped building components based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjusting the local curvature of the special-shaped component according to the spatial characteristics of the abnormal area includes: Extract the surface coordinate point set of the special-shaped component corresponding to the abnormal area and analyze the local geometric curvature characteristics of each point; Based on the curvature characteristics, the maximum curvature point and its surrounding area are selected as the adjustment target area; Applying a fine-tuning displacement along the normal direction to the target area to change the local geometric shape; The surface contour is reconstructed based on the adjusted coordinate point set, and the geometric information and related acoustic properties in the three-dimensional structure model are updated.

7. The method for processing complex and special-shaped building components based on BIM according to claim 6, characterized in that: Re-import the corrected 3D structural model and calculate the difference in sound pressure level and frequency response values ​​of the corrected sound field, including: Re-import the adjusted 3D structural model into the acoustic simulation environment, keeping the sound source parameters consistent with the initial conditions; The sound pressure level of each measuring point in the current sound field is obtained based on the imported adjusted 3D structural model, and the difference is obtained by comparing it with the result before adjustment; Apply different frequency excitations to the measurement points, record the response peaks, generate frequency response curves before and after correction, analyze the differences between the frequency response curves, and evaluate the degree of change in the overall acoustic performance.

8. The method for processing complex and special-shaped building components based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: The numerical difference is compared with the target threshold, and if it does not meet the target, the component shape is iteratively adjusted, including: Set the difference threshold between sound pressure level and frequency response as the criterion for judging whether the performance meets the standard; Compare the actual sound pressure difference and frequency response difference with the corresponding thresholds respectively. If any indicator exceeds the limit, the adjustment process is initiated; Adjustment weights are assigned based on the degree of excess, and the overall adjustment needs are calculated based on a comprehensive analysis of the various deviations.

9. The method for processing complex and special-shaped building components based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output of the final 3D structural model and acoustic performance report includes: Extract the 3D structural model data that ultimately meets the acoustic performance requirements and generate standardized BIM files; Extracting acoustic performance information of each component based on the BIM file, including reverberation control level and sound pressure distribution; Combine acoustic performance information and component numbers into structured report content, and organize them into readable documents by construction stage; A version identifier is added to the readable document, and a timestamp and designer code are attached, and the document is archived and uploaded to the project collaboration platform.

10. A BIM-based building complex special-shaped component processing system for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The 3D structural model building module is used to build a 3D structural model that includes the geometric form of special-shaped components and record the surface curvature changes and spatial position relationships of the components; An acoustic adaptation conversion module, used to convert the three-dimensional structural model into a topological structure adapted for acoustic analysis, extract boundary conditions of special-shaped components and annotate material sound absorption characteristics; The initial sound field simulation module is used to load the topology structure in the acoustic simulation environment and generate the initial sound field distribution map by adjusting the initial position of the sound source and the reflection path; an acoustic anomaly identification and local adjustment module, for comparing the sound field distribution map with a preset acoustic standard, marking abnormal areas with reverberation, and adjusting the local curvature of the special-shaped component according to the spatial characteristics of the abnormal area; The correction effect evaluation module is used to re-import the corrected three-dimensional structural model and calculate the difference in sound pressure level and frequency response values ​​of the corrected sound field; The compliance checking and iterative optimization module is used to compare the numerical difference with the target threshold. If the target is not met, the component shape is iteratively adjusted to output the final three-dimensional structural model and acoustic performance report.

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