Preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis. The preparation is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: main materials: coptis chinensis extract, sanguisorba officinalis extract, Chinese knotweed herb extract, myrobalan, pomegranate rind and allicin; coating materials: cereal prolamin, a slow-release agent and a reinforcing agent; the auxiliary materials comprise an adhesive, an antioxidant and a phagostimulant. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, pretreating; S2, mixing; S3, granulating; S4, coating; the traditional Chinese medicine composition can effectively treat pullorum disease caused by chicken salmonellosis, is good in treatment effect, and improves breeding benefits; through a coating material, an acid-resistant layer with high mechanical strength and a sustained-release layer are formed, effective components are prevented from being decomposed and inactivated in advance, the components are prevented from being mechanically damaged, meanwhile, sustained release can be achieved, the effective components are prevented from being rapidly discharged, and therefore the treatment effect is further improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of breeding, and particularly relates to a preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Chicken salmonellosis is a common infectious disease of chickens caused by Salmonella bacteria, has strong infectivity, and is harmful to the poultry industry. Meanwhile, some strains can infect humans through contaminated poultry products, which has public health significance.

[0003] Common chicken salmonellosis mainly includes the following three categories: 1. chicken white dysentery: mainly caused by chicken white dysentery Salmonella. The symptoms are depression, cold, huddling, loss of appetite, white paste-like feces around the anus, fluffed feathers, difficulty breathing, high mortality, and poor development of survivors. 2. chicken typhoid: mainly caused by chicken typhoid Salmonella. The symptoms are high fever, loss of appetite, mental atony, fluffed feathers, diarrhea, yellow-green or grayish white feces, pale and atrophic combs and meat whiskers, significantly enlarged liver and spleen, and bronze or yellow-green liver. Death is relatively rapid.

[0004] Chicken white dysentery is one of the most serious diseases that harm the poultry industry. Once it occurs, it will bring huge economic losses to the poultry farm. The current drug treatment methods for chicken salmonellosis include antibiotics, microecological preparations, etc. However, antibiotics can damage the development of chick kidneys and affect growth and development. In addition, frequent use of antibiotics can increase the risk of drug resistance in chicken flocks, and long-term use of antibiotics can make pathogenic bacteria develop drug resistance. The use of microecological preparations is restricted by environmental factors such as weather, water temperature at the time of use, and storage conditions of microecological preparations, and the cost is relatively high.

[0005] Traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics of overall regulation, green health, low residue, etc. Many studies have shown that the use of traditional Chinese medicine is an effective way to prevent and treat chicken bacterial diseases. In the prior art, the treatment effect of traditional Chinese medicine on chicken white dysentery caused by salmonella is poor, and there is no targeted development according to the physiological characteristics of chickens, which further reduces the treatment effect. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis and a preparation method thereof to solve the technical problems in the background art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0008] A preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis, comprising the following raw materials by weight: main materials: Coptis chinensis extract, Sanguisorba officinalis extract, Polygonum aviculare extract, Terminalia chebula, Punica granatum pericarp, garlicin; coating materials: zein, sustained-release agent, enhancer; adjuvants: binder, antioxidant, phagostimulant.

[0009] Further, the preparation comprises the following raw materials by weight: main materials: Coptis chinensis extract 8-20 parts, Sanguisorba officinalis extract 10-18 parts, Polygonum aviculare extract 8-15 parts, Terminalia chebula 6-10 parts, Punica granatum pericarp 5-12 parts, garlicin 3-6 parts; coating materials: zein 2-6 parts, sustained-release agent 1-3 parts, enhancer 1-3 parts; adjuvants: binder 2-5 parts, antioxidant 0.1-0.5 parts, phagostimulant 0.3-0.6 parts.

[0010] Further, the zein is corn zein.

[0011] Further, the sustained-release agent is chitosan.

[0012] Further, the enhancer is ethyl cellulose.

[0013] Further, the binder is hypromellose.

[0014] A preparation method for preparing a preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1 pretreatment: dry Terminalia chebula and Punica granatum pericarp are crushed into 80-100 mesh fine powder with a pulverizer, and the coarse fiber impurities are removed by sieving, and Coptis chinensis extract, Sanguisorba officinalis extract, and Polygonum aviculare extract are passed through an 80-100 mesh sieve; corn zein and ethyl cellulose are prepared into coating liquid A; part of chitosan is prepared into coating liquid B;

[0016] S2 mixing: Coptis chinensis extract, Sanguisorba officinalis extract, Polygonum aviculare extract, Terminalia chebula powder, and Punica granatum pericarp powder are put into a mixing device and mixed at a rotation speed of 200-400 rpm for 10-20 min, then garlicin and antioxidant are slowly added while stirring, and after the addition is completed, the mixing is continued for 10-20 min, then part of the phagostimulant and the remaining chitosan are added and mixed at a rotation speed of 600-800 rpm for 30-60 min, then hypromellose is slowly added and stirred for 10-20 min to obtain a mixture;

[0017] S3 granulation: the mixture is granulated with a swing granulator using a 16-20 mesh screen, and after granulation, the granules are dried in a vacuum drying box at 50-55°C and a vacuum degree of -0.1 to -0.01 MPa for 2-3 hours to obtain dried granules;

[0018] S4 coating: the dry granules are put into a fluidized bed coating machine, the inlet air temperature is set to 30-50 DEG C, the atomization pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa, coating liquid A is sprayed until the coating weight increases by 3%-6%, the air blowing is continued for 10-20 min to volatilize the residual ethanol, then coating liquid B is sprayed until the coating weight increases by 2%-3%, and then air blowing is carried out at 40-60 DEG C for 30-60 min to obtain the coated granules;

[0019] S5 post-treatment: the coated granules are put into a mixing device, the remaining attractant is added, and mixing is carried out at a rotation speed of 100-200 rpm for 10-20 min to obtain the product.

[0020] Further, the preparation method of the coating liquid A is as follows: ethyl cellulose and corn alcohol soluble protein are mixed, 80% ethanol is added, and stirring is carried out at room temperature for 1-2 h to prepare 10-12% mixed coating liquid A.

[0021] Further, the preparation method of the coating liquid B is as follows: 30%-40% of the total mass of chitosan is dissolved in 1% dilute hydrochloric acid solution, stirring is carried out until it is transparent, the pH value is adjusted to 5.0-5.5, and 2-4% coating liquid B is prepared.

[0022] Further, in S2, the addition amount of the attractant is 70-80% of the total mass of the attractant.

[0023] The action principles of the components of the present application are as follows:

[0024] The core active ingredient of the Coptis chinensis extract is berberine, which can combine with the lipid bilayer on the cell membrane of Salmonella, insert into the gap between the phospholipids of the cell membrane, cause the denaturation of membrane proteins, increase the permeability of the cell membrane, cause the excretion of key substances such as potassium ions and nucleotides in the bacterial cells, and finally cause the death of the bacteria due to the imbalance of osmotic pressure. In addition, berberine can stimulate the proliferation of macrophages and lymphocytes in the chicken intestinal mucosa, increase the secretion of antibodies in the local intestinal tract, and enhance the phagocytic clearance capacity of the intestinal tract to Salmonella. In addition, berberine can also reduce the release of endotoxins, thereby relieving the symptoms.

[0025] The extract of Sanguisorba officinalis contains Sanguisorba officinalis saponins, tannins and other ingredients. The tannins can combine with the proteins on the surface of the intestinal mucosa to form a protective film, thereby reducing the direct stimulation of chicken white diarrhea Salmonella and its toxins on the mucosa. At the same time, Sanguisorba officinalis saponins can inhibit the release of inflammatory factors in the intestinal tract, thereby reducing the congestion and edema of the mucosa. In addition, the gallic acid derivatives in the Sanguisorba officinalis extract can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of the basal cells of the intestinal mucosa, accelerate the repair of damaged intestinal villi, help the intestinal tract to restore the barrier function, and prevent Salmonella from penetrating the mucosa and entering the blood.

[0026] Rhamnus utilis extract: contains flavonoids, phenolic acids and other ingredients, which can compete with the glycoprotein receptors of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells, making Salmonella unable to adhere to the intestinal mucosa, thereby preventing the proliferation of Salmonella disease; at the same time, it can promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the intestine, inhibit the growth of chicken white diarrhea Salmonella by improving the balance of intestinal flora.

[0027] Rhamnus utilis: contains tannins such as ellagic acid and chebulagic acid, which can bind to proteins on the surface of the intestinal mucosa, forming a protective film and reducing direct stimulation of Salmonella and its toxins on the mucosa; at the same time, it can inhibit the overcontraction of intestinal smooth muscle, reduce the intestinal propulsion speed, and reduce the frequency of diarrhea.

[0028] Pomegranate peel: contains tannins, which can bind to lipids on the cell membrane of Salmonella, blocking the bacteria's uptake of nutrients from the intestine, while also repairing intestinal mucosal damage caused by Salmonella.

[0029] Allicin: contains sulfur active ingredients, Salmonella often escapes drug action by forming a biofilm, which makes it resistant to drugs. Allicin can destroy the polysaccharide matrix of the biofilm, exposing the bacteria inside the film to antibacterial ingredients, while inhibiting the formation of biofilms, blocking the colonization of drug-resistant bacteria, and reducing the drug resistance of Salmonella.

[0030] Gliadin: an alcohol-soluble protein that can form a dense hydrophobic film as a coating material. Its molecular structure is rich in non-polar amino acids, which can form stable crystalline states through intermolecular hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds in the low-pH environment of gastric juice, resisting gastric acid penetration and enzymatic digestion, preventing the dissolution of effective ingredients by gastric acid, and releasing effective ingredients when entering the intestine. The water bonding of the hydrophilic groups in the molecule is enhanced, causing the molecular chain to unfold, leading to the gradual dissolution of the coating layer and the release of effective ingredients, achieving gastric targeting protection and intestinal targeting precise release.

[0031] Chitosan: The length of the chicken intestine is only 6-8 times the body length, much shorter than that of mammals. The food passes through quickly, and simple corn gliadin coating may not release enough drugs before being excreted due to insufficient dissolution rate. Chitosan can bind to the mucus layer of the intestinal mucosa, significantly prolonging the retention time of the drug in the intestine.

[0032] Ethyl cellulose: The muscular stomach of chickens grinds food mechanically, which can destroy the coating ingredients. Adding ethyl cellulose can improve the mechanical strength of the coating and prevent the destruction of effective ingredients before entering the intestine.

[0033] Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose binder: a water-soluble polymer that binds to each ingredient through hydrogen bonds, forming stable granules during the granulation process.

[0034] Vitamin E antioxidant: prevents the oxidation of active ingredients in the preparation, ensuring the effectiveness of the preparation.

[0035] Feeder: Salmonella infection can cause the chicken to reduce the amount of food and water, and the stimulating smell of traditional Chinese medicine extract can further reduce the willingness to eat and drink, adding a feeder to ensure that the chicken actively eats and drinks, and ensures that the dosage of the preparation meets the treatment requirements.

[0036] The principle of the preparation method of the present application is:

[0037] By preparing a coating liquid A of zein and ethyl cellulose, a high-mechanical-strength acid-resistant layer is formed to prevent dissolution in the strong acid gastric juice of the chicken and mechanical crushing in the muscular stomach; by preparing a coating liquid B of chitosan, a sustained-release layer is formed to enable sustained release of the effective components and ensure the treatment effect; the feeder is added in stages to maximize the masking of the odor of the main material and the coating material, stimulate the taste, and increase the willingness to eat; the chitosan is added in stages and mixed with the main material to be used with the effective components, after the disintegration of the coating material of the preparation, the internal chitosan can directly contact the intestinal mucosa to play a role in inhibiting bacteria and promoting mucosal repair, as a coating material, it can enhance the bonding force of the coating layer and the surface of the particles to avoid the coating from falling off; and after entering the intestine, the chitosan can adhere to the intestinal mucosa to prolong the residence time of the drug in the intestine.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present application compared to the prior art are:

[0039] 1. The present application uses Coptis chinensis extract, Sanguisorba officinalis extract and Rubus corchorifolius extract to work together and synergistically, and cooperates with Terminalia chebula, Punica granatum and allicin to effectively treat the white diarrhea caused by chicken salmonellosis, has good treatment effect, and improves breeding efficiency.

[0040] 2. The present application uses zein, chitosan and ethyl cellulose to form a coating material to form a high-mechanical-strength acid-resistant layer and a sustained-release layer to prevent the effective components from being prematurely decomposed and inactivated, and prevent the components from being mechanically damaged, while achieving sustained release to prevent the effective components from being rapidly discharged, thereby further improving the treatment effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear and explicit, the following preferred embodiments are given to further illustrate the present application. However, it should be noted that many details in the specification are only to enable the reader to have a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present application, and the aspects of the present application can be realized without these specific details.

[0042] A preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: main materials: Coptis chinensis extract 8-20 parts, Sanguisorba officinalis extract 10-18 parts, Rubus corchorifolius extract 8-15 parts, Terminalia chebula 6-10 parts, Punica granatum pericarp 5-12 parts, garlicin 3-6 parts; coating materials: zein 2-6 parts, chitosan 1-3 parts, ethyl cellulose 1-3 parts; auxiliary materials: hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 2-5 parts, vitamin E 0.1-0.5 parts, attractant 0.3-0.6 parts.

[0043] A preparation method of a preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1 pretreatment: dry Terminalia chebula and Punica granatum pericarp are crushed into 80-100 mesh fine powder with a pulverizer, and the coarse fiber impurities are removed by sieving, and Coptis chinensis extract, Sanguisorba officinalis extract and Rubus corchorifolius extract are passed through an 80-100 mesh sieve; ethyl cellulose and zein are mixed, 80% ethanol is added, and stirring is carried out at room temperature for 1-2 hours to prepare a 10-12% mixed coating liquid A; chitosan with a total mass of 30%-40% of the total chitosan is dissolved in 1% dilute hydrochloric acid solution, stirred until transparent, and the pH is adjusted to 5.0-5.5 to prepare a 2-4% coating liquid B;

[0045] S2 mixing: Coptis chinensis extract, Sanguisorba officinalis extract, Rubus corchorifolius extract, Terminalia chebula powder and Punica granatum pericarp powder are put into a mixing device and mixed at a rotation speed of 200-400 rpm for 10-20 minutes, then garlicin and vitamin E are slowly added while stirring, and after the addition is completed, the mixture is continuously stirred for 10-20 minutes, then 70-80% of the total attractant mass of attractant and the remaining chitosan are added, and the mixture is stirred at a rotation speed of 600-800 rpm for 30-60 minutes, then hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is slowly added and stirred for 10-20 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0046] S3 granulation: the mixture is granulated with a swing granulator using a 16-20 mesh screen, and after granulation, the granules are dried in a vacuum drying oven at 50-55°C and a vacuum degree of -0.1 to -0.01 MPa for 2-3 hours to obtain dried granules;

[0047] S4 coating: the dried granules are put into a fluidized bed coating machine, the inlet air temperature is set to 30-50°C, the atomization pressure is set to 0.1-0.5 MPa, coating liquid A is sprayed until the coating weight increases by 3%-6%, air blowing is continued for 10-20 minutes to volatilize the residual ethanol, then coating liquid B is sprayed until the coating weight increases by 2%-3%, and then air blowing is carried out at 40-60°C for 30-60 minutes to dry, to obtain coated granules;

[0048] S5 post-treatment: the coated granules are put into a mixing device, the remaining attractant is added, and the mixture is stirred at a rotation speed of 100-200 rpm for 10-20 minutes to obtain the final product.

[0049] The following is described by more specific examples:

[0050] Example 1

[0051] A preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: main materials: Coptis chinensis extract 10 parts, Sanguisorba officinalis extract 10 parts, Rubus corchorifolius extract 10 parts, Terminalia chebula 6 parts, Punica granatum pericarp 12 parts, garlicin 3 parts; coating materials: zein 4 parts, chitosan 1 part, ethyl cellulose 2 parts; auxiliary materials: hypromellose 4 parts, vitamin E 0.2 part, attractant 0.3 part.

[0052] A preparation method for treating chicken salmonellosis, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1 Pretreatment: dry Terminalia chebula and Punica granatum pericarp are crushed into 80-mesh fine powder with a pulverizer, and the coarse fiber impurities are removed by sieving. Coptis chinensis extract, Sanguisorba officinalis extract, and Rubus corchorifolius extract are passed through an 80-mesh sieve. Ethyl cellulose and zein are mixed, 80% ethanol is added, and stirring is performed at room temperature for 1 h to prepare a 12% mixed coating liquid A. Chitosan with a total mass of 35% of the total chitosan is dissolved in a 1% hydrochloric acid solution, stirred until transparent, and the pH is adjusted to 5 to prepare a 4% coating liquid B.

[0054] S2 Mixing: Coptis chinensis extract, Sanguisorba officinalis extract, Rubus corchorifolius extract, Terminalia chebula powder, and Punica granatum pericarp powder are put into a mixing device and mixed at a speed of 200 rpm for 15 min. Then, garlicin and vitamin E are slowly added while stirring. After adding, continue to mix for 20 min. Then, 75% of the total attractant mass of attractant and the remaining chitosan are added, and mixed at a speed of 800 rpm for 40 min. Then, hypromellose is slowly added and stirred for 10 min to obtain a mixture.

[0055] S3 Granulation: The mixture is granulated using a swing granulator with a 16-mesh screen. After granulation, the granules are dried in a vacuum drying oven at 55°C and a vacuum degree of -0.08 MPa for 3 hours to obtain dried granules.

[0056] S4 Coating: The dried granules are put into a fluidized bed coating machine. The inlet air temperature is set to 40°C, and the atomization pressure is set to 0.4 MPa. Coating liquid A is sprayed until the coating weight increases by 6%. Then, air blowing is continued for 15 min to evaporate the residual ethanol. Then, coating liquid B is sprayed until the coating weight increases by 2.5%. Then, air blowing is performed at 60°C for 30-60 min to dry the granules, and coated granules are obtained.

[0057] S5 Post-treatment: The coated granules are put into a mixing device, and the remaining attractant is added. Mixing is performed at a speed of 200 rpm for 18 min to obtain the final product.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] A preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis, comprising the following raw materials prepared by weight parts: main materials: Coptis chinensis extract 8 parts, Sanguisorba officinalis extract 18 parts, Polygonum aviculare extract 15 parts, Terminalia chebula 8 parts, Punica granatum peel 5 parts, garlicin 6 parts; coating materials: zein 6 parts, chitosan 3 parts, ethyl cellulose 1 part; auxiliary materials: hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 5 parts, vitamin E 0.1 part, attractant 0.5 part.

[0060] A preparation method for treating chicken salmonellosis, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1 pretreatment: dry Terminalia chebula and Punica granatum peel are crushed into 100-mesh fine powder with a pulverizer, and the coarse fiber impurities are removed by sieving, and Coptis chinensis extract, Sanguisorba officinalis extract and Polygonum aviculare extract are passed through a 90-mesh sieve; ethyl cellulose and zein are mixed, 80% ethanol is added, and stirring is carried out at room temperature for 2h to prepare a 10% mixed coating liquid A; chitosan with a total mass of 40% of the total chitosan is dissolved in 1% dilute hydrochloric acid solution, stirred until transparent, and the pH is adjusted to 5.0 to prepare a 2% coating liquid B;

[0062] S2 mixing: Coptis chinensis extract, Sanguisorba officinalis extract, Polygonum aviculare extract, Terminalia chebula powder and Punica granatum peel powder are put into a mixing device, mixed at a speed of 300 rpm for 20 min, then slowly add garlicin and vitamin E, stirring while adding, continue to mix for 10 min after adding, then add 70% of the total attractant and the remaining chitosan, mix at a speed of 600 rpm for 60 min, then slowly add hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, stir for 15 min, and obtain the mixture;

[0063] S3 granulation: the mixture is granulated with a swing granulator with a 16-mesh screen, and the granules are dried in a vacuum drying box at 50℃ and a vacuum degree of-0.1MPa for 2 hours to obtain dried granules;

[0064] S4 coating: the dried granules are put into a fluidized bed coating machine, the inlet air temperature is set to 50℃, the atomization pressure is 0.1MPa, coating liquid A is sprayed until the coating weight increases by 3%, then the remaining ethanol is volatilized by blowing for 20min, then coating liquid B is sprayed until the coating weight increases by 3%, and then the granules are dried at 50℃ for 30min to obtain coated granules;

[0065] S5 post-treatment: the coated granules are put into a mixing device, the remaining attractant is added, and mixed at a speed of 150 rpm for 10 min to obtain the product.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] A preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis, comprising the following raw materials prepared by weight: main materials: Coptis chinensis extract 20 parts, white mulberry root extract 15 parts, fire charcoal mother extract 8 parts, acacia 10 parts, pomegranate peel 8 parts, garlicin 4 parts; coating materials: zein 2 parts, chitosan 2 parts, ethyl cellulose 3 parts; auxiliary materials: hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 2 parts, vitamin E 0.5 part, attractant 0.6 part.

[0068] A preparation method of a preparation for treating chicken salmonellosis, comprising the following steps:

[0069] S1 pretreatment: dry acacia and pomegranate peel are crushed into 90-mesh fine powder with a pulverizer, and the coarse fiber impurities are removed by sieving; Coptis chinensis extract, white mulberry root extract and fire charcoal mother extract are passed through a 100-mesh sieve; ethyl cellulose and zein are mixed, 80% ethanol is added, and stirring is carried out at room temperature for 1.5h to prepare a 10% mixed coating liquid A; chitosan with a total mass of 35% of the total chitosan is dissolved in 1% dilute hydrochloric acid solution, stirred until transparent, and the pH is adjusted to 5.5 to prepare a 3% coating liquid B;

[0070] S2 mixing: Coptis chinensis extract, white mulberry root extract, fire charcoal mother extract, acacia powder and pomegranate peel powder are put into a mixing device and mixed at a speed of 400 rpm for 10 min, then 80% of the total attractant mass and the remaining chitosan are slowly added while stirring, and after adding, continue to mix for 15 min, then add hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and stir for 20 min to obtain a mixture;

[0071] S3 granulation: the mixture is granulated with a swing granulator with a 20-mesh screen, and after granulation, the granules are dried in a vacuum drying box at 50°C and a vacuum degree of-0.01 MPa for 2.5 hours to obtain dried granules;

[0072] S4 coating: the dried granules are put into a fluidized bed coating machine, the inlet air temperature is set to 30°C, the atomization pressure is 0.5 MPa, coating liquid A is sprayed until the coating weight increases by 4%, then the remaining ethanol is volatilized by blowing for 10 min, then coating liquid B is sprayed until the coating weight increases by 2%, and then the granules are dried at 40°C for 60 min to obtain coated granules;

[0073] S5 post-treatment: the coated granules are put into a mixing device, the remaining attractant is added, and stirring is carried out at a speed of 100 rpm for 20 min to obtain the final product.

[0074] Comparative Example 1

[0075] The preparation method is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that Coptis chinensis extract, white mulberry root extract and fire charcoal mother extract are not used in the preparation.

[0076] Comparative Example 2

[0077] Example 1 was substantially the same, except that the extract of Coptis chinensis was not used in the preparation.

[0078] Comparative Example 3

[0079] Example 1 was substantially the same, except that the extract of Sanguisorba officinalis was not used in the preparation.

[0080] Comparative Example 4

[0081] Example 1 was substantially the same, except that the extract of Polygonum aviculare was not used in the preparation.

[0082] Comparative Example 5

[0083] Example 1 was substantially the same, except that the preparation was not coated with a coating material.

[0084] 1. Therapeutic effect experiment of the preparation

[0085] A chicken farm infected with chicken salmonella was selected as the test site, and 140 chickens with similar ages and severe symptoms of white diarrhea, i.e., with gray feces blocking the anus, were selected and divided into 7 groups. The preparations prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were added to water at a dosage of 3 g / L, and the chickens were allowed to drink freely. After 7 days, the clinical symptoms of the chickens in each group were recorded, and the number of cured, effective, ineffective, and dead chickens was calculated as shown in Table 1.

[0086] Clinical symptoms:

[0087] Cured: normal fecal form, no anus sticking, and no watery stool;

[0088] Effective: watery stool, anus sticking with gray feces;

[0089] Ineffective: anus blocked with gray feces;

[0090] Death: chicken death.

[0091] Table 1: Treatment statistics of chickens in each group

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] As can be seen from Table 1:

[0095] (1) Examples 1-3 using the preparation of the present invention can effectively treat the symptoms of pullorum caused by Salmonella infection. Among them, the number of cured, effective, ineffective, and dead in Example 1 are 18, 2, 0, and 0, respectively, and the percentages are 90%, 10%, 0%, and 0%, respectively; the number of cured, effective, ineffective, and dead in Example 2 are 16, 3, 1, and 0, respectively, and the percentages are 80%, 3%, 5%, and 0%, respectively; the number of cured, effective, ineffective, and dead in Example 3 are 18, 1, 0, and 1, respectively, and the percentages are 90%, 5%, 0%, and 5%. It can be seen that the preparation of the present invention has a significant therapeutic effect on pullorum caused by salmonellosis, with a cure rate of more than 80% and a total effective rate (cure rate + effective rate) of more than 95%. It can effectively treat pullorum caused by salmonellosis, reduce the number of deaths, and improve breeding efficiency.

[0096] This is because: the core active ingredient of Coptis chinensis extract is berberine, whose molecular structure can combine with the lipid bilayer on the Salmonella cell membrane and insert into the phospholipid gap of the cell membrane, causing membrane protein denaturation and increased cell membrane permeability, causing the leakage of key substances such as potassium ions and nucleotides in the bacterial cells. Ultimately, the bacteria die due to osmotic pressure imbalance. Berberine can stimulate the proliferation of macrophages and lymphocytes in the intestinal mucosa of chickens, increase the local antibody secretion in the intestine, and enhance the intestine's phagocytic and clearance ability of Salmonella. In addition, berberine can also reduce the release of endotoxins, thereby alleviating symptoms. Sanguisorba officinalis extract contains sanguisorbaside and tannins. Tannins can bind to proteins on the surface of the intestinal mucosa, forming a protective film that reduces direct irritation to the mucosa by Salmonella pullorum and its toxins. Sanguisorbaside can also inhibit the release of inflammatory factors in the intestine, reducing mucosal congestion and edema. Furthermore, the gallic acid derivatives in Sanguisorba officinalis extract can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal mucosal basal cells, accelerate the repair of damaged intestinal villi, help restore the intestinal barrier function, and prevent Salmonella from penetrating the mucosa and entering the bloodstream. Coleus oleraceus extract contains flavonoids and phenolic acids, which can competitively bind to glycoprotein receptors on intestinal mucosal epithelial cells, preventing Salmonella from adhering to the intestinal mucosa and thus preventing the proliferation of salmonellosis. It can also promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the intestine, improving the balance of intestinal flora and inhibiting the growth of Salmonella pullorum.

[0097] (2) The number of cured, effective, ineffective and dead in the control example 1 which does not use the extract of Coptis chinensis, the extract of Ulmus pumila and the extract of Polygonum orientale is 7, 4, 5 and 4 respectively, and the percentage is 35%, 20%, 25% and 20% respectively, and the data of the control examples 2-4 which do not completely use the components of the application also decrease, wherein the number of cured, effective, ineffective and dead in the control example 2 is 9, 5, 3 and 3 respectively, and the percentage is 45%, 20%, 15% and 15% respectively; the number of cured, effective, ineffective and dead in the control example 3 is 10, 6, 1 and 3 respectively, and the percentage is 50%, 30%, 5% and 15% respectively; the number of cured, effective, ineffective and dead in the control example 4 is 12, 4, 2 and 2 respectively, and the percentage is 60%, 20%, 10% and 10% respectively. It can be seen that the cure rate, effective rate and total effective rate of the control examples 1-4 which do not use or do not completely use the extract of Coptis chinensis, the extract of Ulmus pumila and the extract of Polygonum orientale are not as good as the examples 1-3 of the application. It is illustrated that the use of the extract of Coptis chinensis, the extract of Ulmus pumila and the extract of Polygonum orientale can synergistically enhance the therapeutic effect of the preparation by the use of the three components.

[0098] This is because: the extract of Ulmus pumila promotes the repair of intestinal mucosa, reduces bacterial colonization, so that berberine in the extract of Coptis chinensis is more likely to contact and penetrate the bacterial cell membrane, and enhances the destruction of the bacterial structure; and the extract of Polygonum orientale blocks the adhesion of Salmonella to the intestinal mucosa, so that the bacteria are in a free state, reducing the opportunity of forming a biofilm, allowing the extract of Coptis chinensis to act more efficiently on the bacteria, thereby improving the bactericidal efficiency. At the same time, the extract of Coptis chinensis reduces the intestinal inflammation by inhibiting the release of intestinal inflammatory factors, and forms a mucosal protective film with tannins in the extract of Ulmus pumila to promote the repair efficiency; and the extract of Coptis chinensis kills a large number of Salmonella, reduces the sustained stimulation of bacteria to the intestinal tract, reduces the intestinal smooth muscle spasm, so that the flavonoids in the extract of Polygonum orientale are more likely to play a role in regulating intestinal peristalsis, in addition, the inhibition of bacterial endotoxin release by Coptis chinensis can enhance the promotion of beneficial bacteria in the extract of Polygonum orientale, thereby optimizing the intestinal microenvironment.

[0099] The use of the three components together can control the infection of Salmonella pullorum in all directions by blocking the adhesion of Polygonum orientale, reducing the bacterial load by the high-efficiency bactericidal effect of Coptis chinensis, and reducing intestinal damage by inhibiting inflammation with Coptis chinensis and hemostasis and repair with Ulmus pumila, thereby achieving the therapeutic effect of rapid treatment and relief of pullorum symptoms, reducing the mortality of chickens and accelerating the recovery of intestinal function.

[0100] (3) The number of cured, effective, ineffective and dead in the control example 5 which is not coated is 15, 2, 2 and 1 respectively, and the percentage is 75%, 10%, 15% and 5% respectively, and the treatment effect is not as good as the examples 1-3 of the application, which illustrates that the coating treatment of the application can ensure the treatment effect of the preparation.

[0101] This is because:

[0102] In the coating material, the effective component is prevented from being dissolved in advance in the strong acid environment of the chicken stomach through the corn alcohol-soluble protein, the treatment effect is reduced, the coating mechanical strength is enhanced through the ethyl cellulose, the component is prevented from being destroyed in the gizzard, and the slow release is realized through the chitosan to solve the problem of fast emptying of the chicken intestinal tract, so that the treatment effect is synergistically improved.

[0103] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, some improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A preparation for treating salmonellosis in chickens, characterized in that The invention is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight: main ingredients: coptis root extract, sanguisorba officinalis extract, charantia oleifera extract, terminalia chebula, pomegranate peel, and allicin; coating materials: cereal alcohol-soluble protein, sustained-release agent, and enhancer; Auxiliary materials: adhesives, antioxidants, and attractants.

2. The preparation for treating Salmonellosis according to claim 1, wherein The invention is prepared by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: main ingredients: 8-20 parts of coptis root extract, 10-18 parts of sanguisorba officinalis extract, 8-15 parts of charantia oleifera extract, 6-10 parts of terminalia chebula, 5-12 parts of pomegranate peel, and 3-6 parts of allicin; coating materials: 2-6 parts of cereal alcohol-soluble protein, 1-3 parts of sustained-release agent, and 1-3 parts of enhancer; Auxiliary materials: 2-5 parts of adhesive, 0.1-0.5 parts of antioxidant, 0.3-0.6 parts of attractant.

3. The preparation for treating Salmonellosis according to claim 1, wherein The cereal alcohol-soluble protein is zein.

4. The preparation for treating Salmonellosis according to claim 1, wherein The sustained-release agent is chitosan.

5. The preparation for treating Salmonellosis according to claim 1, wherein The reinforcing agent is ethyl cellulose.

6. The preparation for treating Salmonellosis according to claim 1, wherein The adhesive is hypromellose.

7. The method for preparing a preparation for treating salmonellosis according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The following steps are involved: S1 Pretreatment: Take dried Terminalia chebula and pomegranate peel and grind them into 80-100 mesh fine powder with a grinder, sieve to remove crude fiber impurities, and pass the coptis root extract, sanguisorba officinalis extract, and charax oleifera extract through an 80-100 mesh sieve; prepare coating solution A with zein and ethyl cellulose; prepare coating solution B with part of chitosan; S2 mixing: put the coptis root extract, sanguisorba officinalis extract, charantia oleifera extract, terminalia chebula powder, and pomegranate peel powder into a mixing device and mix at a speed of 200-400 rpm for 10-20 minutes, then slowly add allicin and antioxidant while stirring, and continue mixing for 10-20 minutes after the addition, then add part of the attractant and the remaining chitosan, mix at a speed of 600-800 rpm for 30-60 minutes, then slowly add hypromellose and stir for 10-20 minutes to obtain a mixture; S3 granulation: the mixed material is granulated using a swing granulator with a 16-20 mesh screen, and after granulation, it is dried in a vacuum drying oven at 50-55°C and a vacuum degree of -0.1 to -0.01 MPa for 2-3 hours to obtain dry granules; S4 coating: Place the dried granules into a fluidized bed coater, set the inlet air temperature at 30-50°C and the atomizing pressure at 0.1-0.5 MPa, spray coating solution A until the coating weight increases by 3%-6%, continue blowing for 10-20 minutes to volatilize the residual ethanol, then switch to spraying coating solution B until the coating weight increases by 2%-3%, and then blow dry at 40-60°C for 30-60 minutes to obtain coated granules; S5 post-processing: put the coated granules into the mixing equipment, add the remaining attractant, and mix at a speed of 100-200 rpm for 10-20 minutes.

8. The method for preparing a preparation for treating salmonellosis according to claim 7, wherein: The coating solution A is prepared by mixing ethyl cellulose and zein, adding 80% ethanol, and stirring at room temperature for 1-2 hours to prepare a 10-12% mixed coating solution A.

9. The method for preparing a preparation for treating salmonellosis according to claim 7, wherein: The preparation method of the coating solution B is as follows: dissolving 30%-40% of the total chitosan mass in 1% dilute hydrochloric acid solution, stirring until transparent, adjusting the pH to 5.0-5.5, and preparing 2-4% coating solution B.

10. The method for preparing a preparation for treating Salmonellosis according to claim 7, wherein: In S2, the amount of the attractant added is 70-80% of the total attractant mass.

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