Rotary drilling rig socketed pile construction method under complex geological conditions

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary drilling rig socketed pile construction method under complex geological conditions, and relates to the technical field of geological construction, and the method comprises the following construction steps: S1, intelligent construction preparation, S2, self-adaptive pile casing burying, S3, dynamic slurry regulation and circulation, S4, rock stratum intelligent identification drilling, S5, composite socketed drilling, S6, digital hole cleaning and hole inspection, and S7, intelligent pouring and maintenance. Through the steps of S1 intelligent construction preparation, S4 rock stratum intelligent identification drilling and S5 composite rock-socketed drilling, the effects of accurately coping with complex geological conditions and improving the drilling efficiency and safety are achieved; through the steps of S3, dynamic slurry regulation and circulation, S6, digital hole cleaning and hole inspection and S7, intelligent pouring and maintenance, the effects that the construction quality is controllable in the whole process, and green and environment-friendly are achieved; through the steps of S2, self-adaptive pile casing burying, S5, composite rock-socketed drilling and S7, intelligent pouring and maintenance, the effects that the overall stability of the pile foundation is enhanced, and construction continuity is improved are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological construction, in particular to a construction method of rock-socketed pile of rotary drilling rig under complex geological conditions. BACKGROUND

[0002] The technical field of geological construction is a technical system for carrying out foundation engineering construction under various complex geological conditions relying on engineering geology, rock mechanics and other theories, and the core goal is to ensure the safety and efficient landing of engineering structures. This field covers key technical directions such as pile foundation construction, underground continuous wall, slope support, and foundation treatment. Taking pile foundation construction as an example, rotary drilling rigs and impact drills achieve deep pile hole formation through mechanical rock breaking and mud wall protection processes, while rock-socketed pile technology needs to solve the problems of hard rock drilling efficiency and pile foundation bearing capacity. With the urbanization and infrastructure upgrading, the demand for construction under complex geological conditions is increasing, which promotes the development of technology towards intelligence, greenness and refinement.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of infrastructure construction towards complexity and high-rise, the geological conditions faced by pile foundation engineering are becoming increasingly severe. Complex working conditions such as karst landform area's solution cavity fissure, deep hard rock stratum, and soft and hard uneven interbedding require higher adaptability and construction efficiency of rotary drilling rigs. The traditional rotary drilling rig construction has exposed many bottlenecks under complex geological conditions: low hard rock breaking efficiency, serious wear of cutting teeth, and easy occurrence of accidents such as casing deflection and hole collapse when encountering concealed geological bodies; mud performance adjustment relies on manual experience, and it is difficult to guarantee hole cleaning quality and pile foundation bearing capacity; drilling slag treatment capacity is insufficient, equipment wear is large, and the contradiction between environmental protection and cost is prominent; construction parameter adjustment relies on experience, risk early warning is lagging, and the level of intelligence needs to be improved. Therefore, a construction method of rock-socketed pile of rotary drilling rig under complex geological conditions is needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application realizes the following technical scheme: a construction method of rock-socketed pile of rotary drilling rig under complex geological conditions, comprising the following construction steps: S1, intelligent construction preparation: based on BIM technology, integrate geological survey data, build a three-dimensional geological model of the construction site, predict complex geological areas through AI algorithm, provide basis for drill bit selection and drilling path planning; install pressure, torque and inclination monitoring module sensors on the rotary drilling rig, collect equipment operation data in real time and upload to the cloud platform, and automatically generate drilling parameter recommendation scheme combined with the geological model; S2, adaptive casing burial: adopt casing burial equipment with hydraulic verticality adjusting device, and monitor the verticality of the casing in real time through laser range finder. When encountering uneven soft and hard strata, the casing peripheral hydraulic support force is automatically adjusted to ensure the stability of the burial. A grouting pipe is additionally arranged outside the casing, and after the burial is completed, cement-silicate double liquid slurry is injected to form a reinforced ring with a thickness of 30-50 cm, thereby enhancing the bonding force between the casing and the surrounding rock-soil body. S3, dynamic mud regulation and circulation: configure a mud parameter online monitor, automatically adjust the amount of bentonite and cellulose by a PLC control system according to the drilling depth and lithology change, and realize dynamic optimization of mud performance; adopt a three-stage purification system of cyclone desanding + plate and frame filter + ultrafiltration membrane filtration, separate the drilling cuttings to make environment-friendly bricks, and the filtered water is reused for mud preparation, thereby increasing the water resource recycling rate. S4, intelligent rock stratum identification drilling: add an acoustic emission sensor to the drill bit to collect rock breaking sound signals during drilling, identify the rock stratum type and hardness change in real time through a deep learning model, and automatically switch the drilling mode; when approaching the designed rock surface, start the built-in micro geological radar in the drill bit to conduct advanced detection within a range of 3 m in front, and give early warning of unfavorable geological bodies such as karst caves and fractures. S5, composite rock-socketed drilling: adopt a combination process of rotary drilling rig + hydraulic percussion hammer + high-pressure water jet, the rotary drilling rig provides torque, the hydraulic percussion hammer breaks rocks, and the high-pressure water jet washes away rock debris, thereby improving the hard rock drilling efficiency; design replaceable modular teeth, when the wear of the teeth reaches the warning value, automatically push out the standby teeth through the hydraulic drive device, thereby reducing the downtime for replacing the teeth. S6, digital hole cleaning and inspection: adopt an underwater hole cleaning robot, which is equipped with an ultrasonic range finder and a sludge suction pump, to accurately suck and remove the hole bottom sludge, and cooperate with the sonar imaging system to display the hole cleaning effect in real time, so that the sludge thickness is controlled to be ≤30 mm; use distributed optical fiber sensing technology to conduct three-dimensional contour scanning on the pile hole, generate a holographic image of the hole wall integrity, and realize intelligent hole completion quality acceptance in combination with the drill core sampling data. S7, intelligent pouring and curing: the concrete delivery pump is equipped with flow and pressure sensors, which automatically adjust the pouring speed through PID algorithm in combination with the hole depth and guide pipe burial depth data, thereby avoiding concrete segregation; embed temperature and humidity sensors at the top of the pile to monitor the concrete hydration heat and strength growth curve in real time, and link the curing spraying system to realize precise control of the curing process.

[0005] Preferably, in the S1 intelligent construction preparation step, the surface data is obtained by an unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography, a high-precision geological model containing complex structures such as underground karst caves and fractures is constructed in combination with the geological radar detection results, and the model error is ≤5 cm.

[0006] Preferably, in the S5 composite rock-socketed drilling step, the hydraulic impact hammer and the rotary drilling rig adopt synchronous control technology, when the single impact energy attenuation of the impact hammer exceeds 15%, the drilling speed is automatically reduced and the impact frequency is increased to ensure the stability of the rock breaking efficiency.

[0007] Preferably, in the S7 intelligent pouring and curing step, a pipe blockage prevention warning module is added during the concrete conveying process, when the concrete conveying pressure exceeds the set threshold, the pulse backwashing program is automatically started, and the pouring height is reduced to prevent pipe blockage accidents.

[0008] Preferably, in the S4 rock stratum intelligent identification drilling step, the data collected by the emission sensor adopts a transfer learning algorithm to transfer the characteristics of the rock soundprint database in different regions, achieving rapid and accurate identification of rock strata in unfamiliar geological conditions.

[0009] Preferably, in the S3 dynamic mud regulation and circulation step, the water content of the drilling residue after plate and frame pressure filtration is ≤20%, and the standard permeable bricks are made by adding a solidifying agent, realizing the resource utilization of waste.

[0010] Preferably, the construction process data is transmitted in real time to the intelligent construction site management platform through the 5G network, the digital twin technology is used to simulate the construction process, potential risks are warned, and a construction quality traceability file is generated.

[0011] In summary, the present application provides a rotary drilling rig rock-socketed pile construction method under complex geological conditions, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the S1 intelligent construction preparation, S4 rock stratum intelligent identification drilling and S5 composite rock-socketed drilling steps, the effects of accurately responding to complex geological conditions and improving drilling efficiency and safety are achieved, a high-precision geological model is constructed by using BIM+AI to predict risks in advance, the drilling mode is adjusted in real time and the adverse geological body is warned by combining soundprint identification and geological radar, and the rock is broken efficiently by using the rotary drilling + impact hammer + water jet composite process, forming an intelligent response system for the whole process of prediction, identification and rock breaking, improving the hard rock drilling efficiency and reducing the construction risk.

[0012] 2. Through the S3 dynamic mud regulation and circulation, S6 digital hole cleaning and hole inspection and S7 intelligent pouring and curing steps, the effects of construction quality controllable and green environmental protection are achieved, the dynamic mud regulation ensures the optimization of the protection wall and the discharge performance, the digital hole cleaning controls the sediment thickness to ≤30mm, and realizes the holographic detection of the hole wall, the intelligent pouring and curing avoids segregation and accurately controls the hydration process by using the PID algorithm and temperature and humidity monitoring, and the drilling residue is made into bricks and the water resources are recycled to reduce waste emissions, so that the pile qualification rate is improved and the construction comprehensive energy consumption is reduced.

[0013] 3. By S2 self-adaptive casing burying, S5 composite rock-socketed drilling and S7 intelligent pouring and curing steps, the overall stability of the pile foundation is enhanced, and the construction continuity is improved. The hydraulic verticality adjustment and grouting reinforcement ring ensure the verticality of the casing and the adhesion of the rock and soil. The automatic replacement of the modular cutting teeth reduces downtime. The anti-blocking pipe design of the intelligent pouring ensures smooth concrete delivery, forming a stable foundation-drilling continuous-pouring reliable construction chain, reducing the casing burying deviation by less than or equal to 1%, reducing equipment downtime and shortening the overall construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a construction method of a rotary drilling rig rock-socketed pile under complex geological conditions according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 The present application will be further described in detail.

[0016] Embodiment: Please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a technical solution: a construction method of a rotary drilling rig rock-socketed pile under complex geological conditions, including the following construction steps: S1, intelligent construction preparation: based on BIM technology, integrate geological survey data, build a three-dimensional geological model of the construction site, predict complex geological areas through AI algorithm, provide basis for drill bit selection and drilling path planning; install pressure, torque and inclination monitoring module sensors on the rotary drilling rig, real-time collection of equipment operation data and uploading to the cloud platform, and automatically generate drilling parameter recommendation scheme combined with the geological model, through the construction of high-precision geological model, the underground geological conditions can be intuitively displayed, providing accurate data support for construction planning, reducing the construction risk caused by unknown geology; real-time collection and analysis of equipment operation data can realize intelligent optimization of drilling parameters, improve construction efficiency and equipment service life; S2, self-adaptive casing burying: using a casing burying equipment with a hydraulic verticality adjustment device, and simultaneously monitoring the verticality of the casing through a laser range finder, when encountering soft and hard uneven strata, automatically adjusting the hydraulic support force around the casing to ensure the stability of the burying; a grouting pipe is added outside the casing, and after burying is completed, cement-silicate double-liquid slurry is injected to form a reinforced ring with a thickness of 30-50 cm, which enhances the adhesion between the casing and the surrounding rock and soil. Real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment functions ensure the verticality and stability of the casing burying, reducing the deviation caused by the casing in subsequent construction; the formation of the grouting reinforced ring improves the cooperative working ability of the casing and the rock and soil, and enhances the overall stability of the pile foundation; S3, Dynamic mud regulation cycle: configure mud parameter online monitor, combine with drilling depth and lithology change, automatically adjust bentonite and cellulose addition amount through PLC control system, realize dynamic optimization of mud performance; adopt three-stage purification system of cyclone desanding + plate and frame filter + ultrafiltration membrane filtration, separate out drilling slurry to make environment-friendly bricks, filtered water is repeatedly used for mud preparation, increase water resource recycling rate, dynamic optimization of mud performance ensures that it can play the best wall protection and sludge discharge effect under different geological conditions, and ensures smooth drilling; three-stage purification system effectively realizes resource utilization of drilling slurry and recycling use of water resources, reduces construction cost, and meets the concept of green construction; S4, Intelligent rock stratum identification drilling: add acoustic emission sensor to drill bit, collect rock breaking sound signal in drilling process, identify rock stratum type and hardness change in real time through deep learning model, and automatically switch drilling mode; when approaching the designed rock surface, start the built-in micro geological radar of the drill bit to conduct advanced detection within 3m range, and give early warning of unfavorable geological bodies such as karst cave and fracture; the intelligent rock stratum identification function enables the drilling rig to automatically adjust the drilling mode according to different rock stratum characteristics, improving drilling efficiency and drill bit life; the advanced geological radar detection can find unfavorable geological bodies in advance, avoid construction accidents, and ensure construction safety; the data collected by the emission sensor is processed by transfer learning algorithm to transfer the characteristics of rock sound pattern database in different regions, so as to realize rapid and accurate identification of rock stratum under unfamiliar geological conditions, expand the application range of rock stratum identification technology, and quickly establish an effective rock stratum identification mechanism even in unfamiliar geological areas, improving the adaptability of construction; S5, Composite rock-socketed drilling: adopt combined process of rotary drilling rig + hydraulic impact hammer + high-pressure water jet, rotary drilling rig provides torque, hydraulic impact hammer breaks rock, and high-pressure water jet washes rock debris, improving hard rock drilling efficiency; design replaceable modular pick, when the wear amount of pick reaches the warning value, automatically push out the standby pick through the hydraulic drive device, reduce downtime for replacing pick, the composite drilling process fully utilizes the advantages of each equipment, significantly improves the hard rock drilling efficiency; the design of modular pick and automatic replacement device reduces equipment maintenance time and improves construction continuity; S6, Digital hole cleaning and hole inspection: adopt underwater hole cleaning robot, carry ultrasonic range finder and sludge suction pump, accurately suck out hole bottom sludge, cooperate with sonar imaging system to display hole cleaning effect in real time, and control sludge thickness to ≤30mm; use distributed optical fiber sensing technology to conduct three-dimensional contour scanning on pile hole, generate holographic image of hole wall integrity, and realize intelligent hole completion quality acceptance combined with core sampling data; underwater hole cleaning robot realizes automation and precision of hole cleaning operation, improves hole cleaning quality and efficiency; digital hole wall scanning and quality acceptance means make hole completion quality evaluation more comprehensive and accurate, and ensure pile foundation engineering quality; S7, intelligent pouring and curing: the concrete delivery pump is configured with flow and pressure sensors, combined with hole depth and guide pipe burial depth data, to automatically adjust the pouring speed through a PID algorithm to avoid concrete segregation; temperature and humidity sensors are embedded at the top of the pile to monitor the concrete hydration heat and strength growth curve in real time, and the curing spraying system is linked to realize precise control of the curing process. The intelligent pouring system effectively avoids concrete segregation and ensures pouring quality; real-time monitoring and precise curing control help the normal growth of concrete strength and improve the durability of pile foundations.

[0017] In the S1 intelligent construction preparation step, the surface data is obtained by tilt photography of a drone, combined with the detection results of a geological radar, a high-precision geological model containing complex structures such as underground caves and fissures is constructed, the model error is ≤5 cm, the efficiency and precision of the geological model construction are greatly improved by using the drone and geological radar technology, the workload and danger of manual field detection are reduced, and the high-precision model helps to more accurately identify and respond to complex geological structures.

[0018] In the S5 composite rock-socketed drilling step, a hydraulic impact hammer and a rotary drilling machine use synchronous control technology, when the single-impact energy of the impact hammer decays by more than 15%, the drilling speed is automatically reduced and the impact frequency is increased to ensure stable rock breaking efficiency. Through synchronous control and intelligent adjustment, continuous and efficient rock breaking operation is ensured under different rock conditions, improving the stability and reliability of construction.

[0019] In the S7 intelligent pouring and curing step, a pipe blockage warning module is added during the concrete delivery process, when the concrete delivery pressure exceeds the set threshold, the pulse backwashing program is automatically started, and the pouring height is reduced to prevent pipe blockage accidents, further ensuring the smoothness of concrete delivery, reducing the risk of construction interruption, and improving construction efficiency and quality.

[0020] In the S4 rock stratum intelligent identification drilling step, the data collected by the emission sensor is processed using a transfer learning algorithm to transfer the features of different rock stratum databases in different regions, enabling rapid and accurate identification of rock strata in unfamiliar geological conditions, expanding the application range of rock stratum identification technology, and enabling rapid establishment of an effective rock stratum identification mechanism even in unfamiliar geological areas, improving construction adaptability.

[0021] In the S3 dynamic mud regulation and circulation step, the water content of the filter cake after plate and frame pressure filtration is ≤20%, and the filter cake is made into standard permeable bricks by adding a solidifying agent, realizing resource utilization of waste, further expanding the utilization of drill cuttings, and improving the value of resource utilization.

[0022] The construction whole process data is transmitted to the intelligent construction site management platform in real time through the 5G network, the construction progress is simulated by using the digital twin technology, potential risks are warned, and a construction quality traceability file is generated, through the high-speed data transmission capability of the 5G network and the visual simulation of the digital twin technology, real-time monitoring and risk prediction of the construction progress are realized.

[0023] The embodiments of the present specific implementation are the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application, wherein the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing rock-embedded piles with a rotary drilling rig under complex geological conditions, characterized by: The construction steps include: S1. Intelligent Construction Preparation: Geological survey data is integrated based on BIM technology to construct a 3D geological model of the construction site. Complex geological areas are predicted using AI algorithms to provide a basis for drill bit selection and drilling path planning. Pressure, torque, and inclination monitoring module sensors are installed on rotary drilling rigs to collect equipment operating data in real time and upload it to the cloud platform. Drilling parameter recommendations are automatically generated based on the geological model. S2. Adaptive casing embedment: Casing embedment equipment with a hydraulic vertical adjustment device is used. A laser rangefinder is used to monitor the verticality of the casing in real time. When encountering uneven soft and hard strata, the hydraulic support force around the casing is automatically adjusted to ensure embedment stability. Grouting pipes are added to the outside of the casing. After embedment, cement-water glass slurry is injected to form a 30-50 cm thick reinforcement ring, which strengthens the adhesion between the casing and the surrounding rock and soil. S3. Dynamic mud control circulation: An online mud parameter monitor is configured to automatically adjust the amount of bentonite and cellulose added through a PLC control system based on drilling depth and lithology changes, achieving dynamic optimization of mud performance. A three-stage purification system of cyclone sand removal, plate and frame filter press, and ultrafiltration membrane filtration is used to make separated drill cuttings into environmentally friendly bricks, and the filtered water is reused for mud preparation, increasing the recycling rate of water resources. S4. Intelligent rock formation identification drilling: An acoustic emission sensor is installed on the drill bit to collect rock crushing soundprint signals during drilling. The deep learning model is used to identify rock formation type and hardness changes in real time, and the drilling mode is automatically switched. When approaching the designed rock surface, the drill bit's built-in micro-geological radar is activated to conduct advanced detection within a range of 3m ahead, providing early warning of unfavorable geological bodies such as caves and fissures. S5. Composite rock-socketed drilling: This process uses a rotary drill, hydraulic hammer, and high-pressure water jet. The rotary drill provides torque, the hydraulic hammer crushes the rock, and the high-pressure water jet flushes the cuttings, improving hard rock drilling efficiency. The design also features replaceable modular picks. When the pick wear reaches the warning value, a hydraulic drive automatically ejects a spare pick, reducing downtime for tooth replacement. S6. Digital hole cleaning and inspection: An underwater hole cleaning robot equipped with an ultrasonic rangefinder and a slag suction pump accurately removes bottom sediment. A sonar imaging system displays the cleaning results in real time, keeping sediment thickness within 30mm. Distributed fiber optic sensing technology is used to perform a 3D contour scan of the pile hole, generating a holographic image of the hole wall integrity. This, combined with core sampling data, enables intelligent hole quality inspection. S7. Intelligent pouring and maintenance: The concrete pump is equipped with flow and pressure sensors. Combined with the hole depth and conduit buried depth data, the pouring speed is automatically adjusted through the PID algorithm to avoid concrete segregation. Temperature and humidity sensors are embedded in the pile top to monitor the concrete hydration heat and strength growth curve in real time, and the maintenance spray system is linked to achieve precise control of the maintenance process.

2. The method for constructing rock-socketed piles with a rotary drilling rig under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1 intelligent construction preparation step, surface data is obtained through drone oblique photography, and combined with geological radar detection results, a high-precision geological model containing complex structures such as underground caves and fissures is constructed, with a model error of ≤5cm.

3. The method for constructing rock-socketed piles with a rotary drilling rig under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S5 composite rock-socketed drilling process, the hydraulic hammer and the rotary drilling rig adopt synchronous control technology. When the energy attenuation of a single impact of the hammer exceeds 15%, the drilling speed is automatically reduced and the impact frequency is increased to ensure stable rock breaking efficiency.

4. The method for constructing rock-socketed piles with a rotary drilling rig under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S7 intelligent pouring and curing steps, an anti-blocking pipe warning module is added during the concrete delivery process. When the concrete delivery pressure exceeds the set threshold, the pulse backwash program is automatically started, and the pouring height is lowered at the same time to prevent pipe blockage accidents.

5. The method for constructing rock-socketed piles with a rotary drilling rig under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S4 rock formation intelligent identification drilling step, the data collected by the transmitting sensor is used to adopt the transfer learning algorithm to migrate the features of the rock soundprint database in different regions, so as to achieve rapid and accurate identification of rock formations under unfamiliar geological conditions.

6. The method for constructing rock-socketed piles with a rotary drilling rig under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S3 dynamic mud regulation circulation step, the moisture content of the drill cuttings after plate and frame filtration is ≤20%. By adding a curing agent, permeable bricks that meet the standards are made to achieve waste resource utilization.

7. The method for constructing rock-socketed piles with a rotary drilling rig under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Data from the entire construction process is transmitted in real time to the smart construction site management platform via the 5G network. Digital twin technology is used to simulate the construction process, issue early warnings for potential risks, and generate construction quality traceability files.

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