Hydraulic anti-ejection device
By using a hydraulically driven and mechanically interlocked blowout preventer, the problem of insufficient sealing and seal failure in the early stages of a blowout has been solved, achieving rapid response and reliable sealing, thus ensuring downhole safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511286263.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-17
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing blowout preventers do not seal the wellhead quickly enough in the early stages of a blowout, their sealing elements are prone to failure, and their locking mechanisms are easily unlocked under high-pressure conditions, failing to provide adequate safety protection.
The anti-overturn device adopts hydraulic drive and mechanical interlocking. It achieves rapid sealing and locking through hydraulic drive, and the design of dual locking mechanism ensures sealing reliability. The interlocking sealing mechanism has self-adaptive capability.
It achieves rapid-response sealing action, improves the reliability and stability of the seal, ensures safety in the high-pressure environment downhole, and provides sufficient safety assurance.
Smart Images
Figure CN120798231A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas field well equipment, and particularly relates to a hydraulic backoff preventer. BACKGROUND
[0002] In oil drilling and production operations, blowout is one of the most serious safety accidents, which can cause disastrous consequences such as resource waste, environmental pollution and even casualties. Therefore, reliable and efficient blowout preventers are indispensable key equipment in the oil industry. At present, the common blowout preventers on the market mostly adopt pure hydraulic or pure mechanical structures, but there are still some technical bottlenecks. For example, the closing speed of some blowout preventers is not fast enough in emergency situations, and they cannot effectively seal the wellhead within the golden time window of the initial blowout period. The sealing elements of the blowout preventer may fail due to pressure fluctuations or slight displacement of the drilling tool when subjected to high-pressure fluid impact, and the reliability is insufficient. In addition, the traditional locking mechanism is mostly single mechanical locking, which has the risk of accidental unlocking due to vibration or reverse pressure impact in the complex high-pressure environment underground, and cannot provide sufficient safety protection for subsequent rescue operations. SUMMARY
[0003] The present application relates to a hydraulic backoff preventer, which realizes rapid sealing and locking through hydraulic drive and mechanical interlocking to cope with the risk of blowout.
[0004] The present application provides a hydraulic backoff preventer, which specifically comprises: a blowout preventer shell; the blowout preventer shell is composed of two upper and lower halves, and the two ends of the two blowout preventer shells are respectively externally sleeved with end covers; a drilling tool penetrates the middle part of the blowout preventer shell, and a wellbore vertically extends outward on the end cover around the drilling tool, and the wellbore at the lower part is embedded in an oil production well; a liquid drive cylinder is vertically arranged in the middle part of the outer end of the end cover, and a liquid drive mechanism is arranged in the liquid drive cylinder; a double locking mechanism is arranged below the liquid drive cylinder, and is used for locking the liquid drive mechanism after work; a center sealing body is arranged at the middle position of the joint of the two blowout preventer shells, and the drilling tool penetrates the center sealing body; the inner diameter of the center sealing body is consistent with the inner diameter of the wellbore; a locking and sealing mechanism is arranged in the blowout preventer shell on the upper and lower sides of the center sealing body, and is used for sealing the space around the drilling tool passing between the cavities at the upper and lower ends of the center sealing body; the locking and sealing mechanism is driven by the liquid drive mechanism, and the liquid drive mechanism is triggered by an alarm sensor in the oil well.
[0005] Optionally, a lining plate is vertically arranged at the outer end of the opposite side edges of the two blowout preventer shells, the two lining plates are fixedly connected by high-pressure explosion-proof bolts between the upper and lower lining plates, and a convex locking block is vertically arranged at the middle part of the two opposite lining plates outward; the position between the inner side of the convex locking block and the side wall of the blowout preventer shell is a through groove structure.
[0006] Optionally, an embedded platform is provided in the middle of the side wall of the end of the end seal cover opposite to the blowout preventer shell, and the circumference of the embedded platform is an embedding groove that is clamped with the blowout preventer shell. Side clamping grooves are respectively provided in the middle of the left and right ends of the end seal cover, and the side clamping grooves are used to clamp the ends of the two upper and lower opposing liner plates. The end seal cover and the blowout preventer shell are in a bite state, and the end seal cover and the blowout preventer shell are fixed together by explosion-proof bolts at the four side walls around the end seal cover, and the inner ends of the explosion-proof bolts are screwed into the side walls of the embedded platform.
[0007] Optionally, the front and rear ends of the central sealing body are respectively vertically fixedly connected with a T-shaped external fixing body, and the upper and lower ends of the end wing platform of the external fixing body respectively pass through the through-slot structure of the corresponding liner, and the convex locking block on the liner is fixedly connected to the external fixing body passing through the through-slot structure by explosion-proof bolts, forming a fixed connection state between the blowout prevention shell, the end cover and the central sealing body.
[0008] and a tube connecting the discharging opening of the pump with the help of a plug in the forward end of the crank case, said tube having a check valve in it at the pump end, and said former tube which connects the pump to the oil drain plug, said former tube which connects the pump to the oil drain plug, and said former tube which connects the pump to the oil drain plug, said former tube which connects the pump to the oil drain plug, and said former tube which connects the pump to the oil drain plug
[0009] Optionally, a waist-shaped transverse groove is provided on the bottom wall of the hydraulic piston disc along the moving direction of the hydraulic piston disc.
[0010] Optionally, the double locking mechanism comprises a locking frame, a locking rod, a vertical locking groove, a spring A, a top stop disc, a double locking rod, a side stop disc, a spring B and an inner movable bowl, a locking frame is vertically fixed on the end cover below the hydraulic cylinder, a locking rod is vertically slidably arranged in the locking frame, a directional clamping fin is arranged on the rod wall of the locking rod, the upper end of the locking rod vertically penetrates into the hydraulic cylinder, a top stop disc is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the locking rod close to the hydraulic cylinder, a spring A is sleeved on the locking rod between the top stop disc and the locking frame, when the upper end of the locking rod is slidably inserted into the horizontal locking groove, the top stop disc abuts against the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder, a waist-shaped vertical locking groove is arranged on the one end of the rod wall of the end cover corresponding to the lower end of the locking rod, a double locking rod is vertically slidably inserted into the end cover at the position of the vertical locking groove, the inner end of the double locking rod is slidably arranged in the cavity of the blowout prevention shell, a side stop disc is fixedly arranged on one end of the double locking rod close to the locking rod, a spring B is sleeved on the double locking rod between the side stop disc and the end cover, an outer end wide and inner end narrow bowl-shaped inner movable bowl is fixedly arranged on the inner end of the double locking rod, when the upper end of the locking rod is inserted into the horizontal locking groove, the outer end of the double locking rod is synchronously inserted into the vertical locking groove, during the inward movement of the hydraulic piston disc, the inner end chamfered ring edge of the hydraulic piston disc is extruded against the upper end of the locking rod, the locking rod is immersed into the cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder, until the interlocking sealing mechanism is sealed in place, the locking rod is just inserted into the horizontal locking groove, the hydraulic piston disc can continue to move inward but cannot move outward, if high-pressure oil and gas exist in the cavity of the blowout prevention shell, the inner movable bowl will be further extruded outward, the outer end of the double locking rod is further stably locked into the vertical locking groove.
[0011] Optionally, the outer end ring edge of the upper and lower ends of the center sealing body is a chamfered inclined structure.
[0012] Optionally, the interlocking sealing mechanism comprises an interlocking body, a balance connecting body, a connecting arm, an interlocking pin hole, a gate block and a connecting trunnion, the balance connecting body is transversely rotatably arranged in the middle frame body of the interlocking body through a pin shaft, the outer end of the balance connecting body is fixedly connected with the hydraulic piston rod, the upper and lower ends of the interlocking body are vertically fixedly provided with a connecting arm, the tail end of the connecting arm is provided with a waist-shaped interlocking pin hole which is left-right through, the interlocking pin hole is inclined to one side of the drilling tool, the gate block is a semicircular arc structure, the outer end middle ear seat of the gate block is fixedly connected with a transverse connecting trunnion, the connecting trunnion is through the corresponding interlocking pin hole, the inner end of the gate block is matched with the drilling tool, the gate block can rotate slightly and can be displaced upward and downward along the interlocking pin hole, during the inward pushing of the hydraulic piston rod, the balance connecting body drives the interlocking body to move inward, the interlocking body can rotate slightly on the balance connecting body, the balance connecting body moves inward to extrude and drive the gate block to move inward and be matched with the drilling tool, during the inward movement of the gate block, the gate block moves outward along the interlocking pin hole, during the inward movement of the gate block, the gate block is synchronously moved inward along the inclined surface of the ring edge of the center sealing body and is clamped tightly, when the lower gate block is impacted and displaced, the upper gate block will be more matched with the drilling tool under the action of the multi-shaft lever.
[0013] The present application provides a hydraulic anti-jacking device, which has the following advantages: Firstly, the present application realizes the rapid response and action of the device through the hydraulic drive mechanism triggered by the alarm sensor and driven by the high-pressure oil pump. When receiving the alarm signal, the high-pressure oil pump can be started instantly in the positive direction, high-pressure oil is injected into the hydraulic cylinder through the oil inlet pipe, the hydraulic piston disc and the hydraulic piston rod are pushed linearly, the power is transmitted to the interlocking sealing mechanism without delay, and the sealing action starts in the initial stage of blowout, thereby gaining valuable time for controlling the dangerous situation.
[0014] Secondly, the interlocking sealing mechanism designed in the present application realizes self-adaptive tight sealing through a unique mechanical structure. The hydraulic piston rod pushes the balance connection and the interlocking body to move inward, and then drives the gate block to slide along the chamfered surface of the center sealing body and tightly embrace the drilling tool through the connecting arm with the interlocking pin hole. Especially importantly, the design constitutes a multi-axis lever system, when the lower gate block is deflected due to high-pressure impact, the upper gate block will be forced to produce compensatory movement through the balance effect of the interlocking body, so as to more tightly fit the drilling tool, realizing dynamic self-adaptive sealing, effectively solving the problem of sealing leakage caused by pressure fluctuation or drilling tool shaking, and greatly improving the sealing reliability.
[0015] The present application innovatively sets a mechanical and hydraulic linkage double locking mechanism, which ensures the absolute reliability and durability of the sealing state. The first locking is realized by the locking rod which is pushed into the horizontal stop groove of the hydraulic piston disc under the action of spring A, purely mechanically preventing the piston from retreating; the second locking is automatically triggered by the high-pressure oil and gas underground, the pressure acts on the inner dynamic bowl, and the double locking rod is inserted into the vertical stop groove of the locking rod, forming a hydraulic reinforced lock. The two locking mechanisms are independent and backup each other, completely eliminating the possibility of accidental unlocking of the device caused by system pressure relief or pressure fluctuation, and providing unprecedented safety guarantee for subsequent wellhead rescue operation.
[0016] Finally, the overall structure of the present application is extremely stable. The blowout preventer shell is connected by the lining plate and the high-pressure explosion-proof bolt, the end cover is fixed by the embedded table and the side clamping groove, and the center sealing body is locked with the lining plate through the T-shaped outer fixed body, so that the blowout preventer shell, the end cover and the center sealing body form a solid pressure-bearing whole, which can comfortably cope with the extreme high-pressure impact environment underground, and the overall structure rigidity and stability are excellent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
[0018] The drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present application, but not limit the present application.
[0019] In the drawings: Figure 1The first axial view structural schematic diagram of the present application is shown. Figure 2 The second axial view structural schematic diagram of the present application is shown. Figure 3 The top view structural schematic diagram of the present application is shown. Figure 4 The third axial view structural schematic diagram of the present application is shown. Figure 3 The A-A position cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present application is shown. Figure 5 The axial view structural schematic diagram of the liquid cylinder part single shell half-part separation state of the present application is shown. Figure 6 The B enlarged part structural schematic diagram of the present application is shown. Figure 5 Figure 7 The axial view structural schematic diagram of the explosion state of the present application is shown. Figure 8 The axial view structural schematic diagram of the liquid cylinder, interlocking body and center sealing body separation state of the present application is shown. Figure 9 The axial view structural schematic diagram of the brake block and center sealing body separation state of the present application is shown.
[0020] List of reference signs: 1, blowout preventer shell; 101, lining plate; 102, convex locking block; 103, through slot structure; 2, wellbore; 3, drilling tool; 4, end cover; 401, inner embedding platform; 402, side clamping groove; 5, liquid cylinder; 501, oil inlet pipe; 502, oil return pipe; 503, high-pressure oil pump; 504, liquid piston disc; 5041, horizontal stop groove; 505, liquid piston rod; 6, locking frame; 601, locking rod; 6011, vertical stop groove; 602, spring A; 603, top stop disc; 7, double locking rod; 701, side stop disc; 702, spring B; 703, inner movable bowl; 8, interlocking body; 801, balance connection body; 802, connecting arm; 8021, interlocking pin hole; 9, brake block; 901, connecting trunnion; 10, center sealing body; 1001, outer fixed body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive effort fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0022] Reference is made to Figures 1 to 9 Embodiment one: the present application provides a hydraulic anti-jacking device, comprising: a blowout preventer shell 1; the blowout preventer shell 1 is composed of two upper and lower halves, and the two ends of the two blowout preventer shells 1 are respectively externally covered with end covers 4; a drill tool 3 penetrates the middle part of the blowout preventer shell 1, and a wellbore 2 vertically extends outward on the end cover 4 around the drill tool 3, and the lower wellbore 2 is embedded in an oil production well; A hydraulic cylinder 5 is vertically arranged in the middle part of the outer end of the end cover 4, and a hydraulic drive mechanism is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 5; a double locking mechanism is arranged below the hydraulic cylinder 5, and is used for locking the hydraulic drive mechanism after working; a central sealing body 10 is arranged at the middle part of the joint of the two blowout preventer shells 1, and the drill tool 3 penetrates through the central sealing body 10, and the inner diameter of the central sealing body 10 is consistent with the inner diameter of the wellbore 2; interlocking sealing mechanisms are arranged in the blowout preventer shells 1 on the upper and lower sides of the central sealing body 10, and are used for sealing the space around the drill tool 3 between the upper and lower end cavities of the central sealing body 10; the interlocking sealing mechanisms are driven by the hydraulic drive mechanism, and the hydraulic drive mechanism is triggered by an alarm sensor in the oil well.
[0023] Among them, the outer end of the opposite side of the two blowout preventer shells 1 is vertically provided with a lining plate 101, and the two lining plates 101 are fixedly connected through high-pressure explosion-proof bolts between the upper and lower two lining plates 101, and a convex locking block 102 is vertically arranged at the middle part of the two opposite lining plates 101, and the inner side of the convex locking block 102 and the position between the side wall of the blowout preventer shell 1 are a through groove structure 103.
[0024] Among them, the middle part of the end cover 4 and the opposite end side wall of the blowout preventer shell 1 is provided with an embedded table 401, the circumference of the embedded table 401 is an embedded groove for clamping with the blowout preventer shell 1, and the middle part of the left and right ends of the end cover 4 is respectively provided with a side clamping groove 402, the side clamping groove 402 is used for clamping into the end of the two upper and lower joint lining plates 101, the end cover 4 and the blowout preventer shell 1 are in a clamping state, and the four side walls of the end cover 4 are fixedly connected with the blowout preventer shell 1 through explosion-proof bolts, and the inner end of the explosion-proof bolt is screwed into the side wall of the embedded table 401.
[0025] The front and rear ends of the center sealing body 10 are respectively vertically fixedly connected with T-shaped outer fixed bodies 1001, the upper and lower ends of the end wings of the outer fixed bodies 1001 are respectively penetrated from the through groove structures 103 of the corresponding lining plates 101, the convex locking blocks 102 on the lining plates 101 are fixedly connected with the outer fixed bodies 1001 penetrated through the through groove structures 103 through explosion-proof bolts, and the blowout preventer shell 1, the end cover 4 and the center sealing body 10 are in a fixed connection state.
[0026] The liquid driving mechanism comprises an oil inlet pipe 501, an oil return pipe 502, a high-pressure oil pump 503, a liquid piston disc 504, a horizontal stop groove 5041 and a liquid piston rod 505, the liquid piston disc 504 is slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the liquid cylinder 5, the end edge of the liquid piston disc 504 close to the end cover 4 is a chamfered inclined surface structure, the liquid piston rod 505 is fixedly connected with the liquid piston disc 504 and vertically faces the end cover 4, the liquid piston rod 505 vertically penetrates through the end cover 4 and is arranged in the inner cavity of the blowout preventer shell 1, the outer end of the liquid cylinder 5 is communicated with the oil inlet pipe 501, the liquid cylinder 5 between the liquid piston disc 504 and the end cover 4 is communicated with the oil return pipe 502, the high-pressure oil pump 503 is connected between the oil return pipe 502 and the oil inlet pipe 501, the high-pressure oil pump 503 has a forward and reverse switching function, the liquid cylinder 5 is filled with hydraulic oil, the oil return pipe 502 and the oil inlet pipe 501 are respectively provided with an electric control valve, after the oil well alarms, the high-pressure oil pump 503 rapidly works, the oil inlet pipe 501 pumps the hydraulic oil into the liquid cylinder 5, and the oil return pipe 502 sucks the hydraulic oil on the other side of the liquid piston disc 504.
[0027] The horizontal stop groove 5041 is a waist-round-shaped groove which is arranged on the bottom wall of the liquid piston disc 504 and along the moving direction of the liquid piston disc 504.
[0028] The double locking mechanism comprises a locking frame 6, a locking rod 601, a vertical locking groove 6011, a spring A 602, a top stop disc 603, a double locking rod 7, a side stop disc 701, a spring B 702 and an inner movable bowl 703. The locking frame 6 is vertically fixed on the end cover 4 below the hydraulic cylinder 5. The locking rod 601 is vertically slidably arranged in the locking frame 6. The locking rod 601 is provided with a directional clamping wing on the rod wall. The upper end of the locking rod 601 is vertically slidably inserted into the hydraulic cylinder 5. The top stop disc 603 is fixed on the upper end of the locking rod 601 close to the hydraulic cylinder 5. The spring A 602 is sleeved on the locking rod 601 between the top stop disc 603 and the locking frame 6. When the upper end of the locking rod 601 is slidably inserted into the horizontal locking groove 5041, the top stop disc 603 abuts against the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 5. The lower end of the locking rod 601 is provided with a waist-shaped vertical locking groove 6011 on the rod wall corresponding to one end of the end cover 4. The double locking rod 7 is vertically slidably inserted into the end cover 4 at the position of the vertical locking groove 6011. The inner end of the double locking rod 7 is slidably arranged in the cavity of the blowout prevention shell 1. The side stop disc 701 is fixed on one end of the double locking rod 7 close to the locking rod 601. The spring B 702 is sleeved on the double locking rod 7 between the side stop disc 701 and the end cover 4. The inner end of the double locking rod 7 is fixedly provided with an inner movable bowl 703 with a bowl-shaped structure with a wide outer end and a narrow inner end. When the upper end of the locking rod 601 is inserted into the horizontal locking groove 5041, the outer end of the double locking rod 7 is synchronously inserted into the vertical locking groove 6011. During the inward movement of the hydraulic piston disc 504, the inner end chamfered ring edge of the hydraulic piston disc 504 is pressed against the upper end of the locking rod 601. The locking rod 601 is inserted into the hydraulic cylinder 5 until the interlocking sealing mechanism is sealed in place. The locking rod 601 is inserted into the horizontal locking groove 5041. The hydraulic piston disc 504 can continue to move inward but cannot move outward. If there is high-pressure oil and gas in the cavity of the blowout prevention shell 1, the inner movable bowl 703 will be further externally pressed. The outer end of the double locking rod 7 is further locked into the vertical locking groove 6011.
[0029] The outer end ring edges of the upper and lower ends of the center sealing body 10 are chamfered and beveled.
[0030] In the second embodiment, the interlocking sealing mechanism comprises an interlocking body 8, a balance connecting body 801, a connecting arm 802, an interlocking pin hole 8021, a gate block 9 and a connecting trunnion 901. The balance connecting body 801 is transversely pivotally mounted in the middle part of the interlocking body 8 by a pin shaft, and the outer end of the balance connecting body 801 is fixedly connected with the hydraulic piston rod 505. The connecting arm 802 is vertically fixed at the upper and lower ends of the interlocking body 8, and the distal end of the connecting arm 802 is provided with a waist-round-shaped interlocking pin hole 8021 which penetrates left and right. The interlocking pin hole 8021 is inclined to the side where the drill 3 is located. The gate block 9 is semicircular in shape. The outer end of the gate block 9 is fixedly connected with a transverse connecting trunnion 901 on the middle lug of the outer end. The connecting trunnion 901 penetrates the corresponding interlocking pin hole 8021. The inner end of the gate block 9 is in engagement with the drill 3. The gate block 9 can rotate slightly on the connecting arm 802 and can be displaced slightly up and down along the interlocking pin hole 8021. When the hydraulic piston rod 505 is pushed in, the balance connecting body 801 drives the interlocking body 8 to move inwards, and the interlocking body 8 can rotate slightly on the balance connecting body 801. The balance connecting body 801 moves inwards to press and drive the gate block 9 to move inwards and be in close contact with the drill 3. In the process of moving inwards, the gate block 9 moves outwards along the interlocking pin hole 8021. In the process of moving inwards, the gate block 9 moves inwards along the inclined surface of the ring edge of the central sealing body 10 and is clamped tightly. When the lower gate block 9 is impacted and displaced, the upper gate block 9 will be more closely attached to the drill 3 under the action of the multi-shaft lever.
[0031] The functions and effects of each structure in the above description are further explained and described below to help those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions: The blowout preventer shell 1 is composed of two upper and lower parts, which provides support for the main structure and a sealed space. The two ends are externally sealed by the end cover 4 to ensure the overall sealing. The drill 3 penetrates the middle part of the blowout preventer shell 1, and the wellbore 2 extends vertically from the end cover 4 and is embedded in the oil well, which is used to guide the drill 3 and fluid flow. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is arranged in the middle part of the outer end of the end cover 4, and the inside is provided with a hydraulic drive mechanism, including an oil inlet pipe 501, an oil return pipe 502, a high-pressure oil pump 503, a hydraulic piston disc 504 and a hydraulic piston rod 505. When the alarm sensor in the oil well is triggered, the high-pressure oil pump 503 works quickly, and the hydraulic oil is pumped into the hydraulic cylinder 5 through the oil inlet pipe 501, while the oil on the other side is sucked through the oil return pipe 502, driving the hydraulic piston disc 504 and the hydraulic piston rod 505 to move inward, thereby activating the interlocking sealing mechanism.
[0032] The lower part of the hydraulic drive mechanism is provided with a double locking mechanism for locking the working hydraulic drive mechanism to prevent accidental release. The mechanism includes a locking frame 6, a locking rod 601, a spring A 602, a top stop disc 603, a double locking rod 7, a side stop disc 701, a spring B 702 and an inner movable bowl 703. During the movement of the hydraulic piston disc 504, the horizontal stop groove 5041 at the bottom thereof interacts with the locking rod 601: the inner end chamfer ring of the hydraulic piston disc 504 extrudes the upper end of the locking rod 601, so that it is temporarily immersed in the wall of the hydraulic cylinder 5 until the interlocking sealing mechanism is sealed in place, and the locking rod 601 is inserted into the horizontal stop groove 5041 to prevent the hydraulic piston disc 504 from moving outward. At the same time, the high-pressure oil and gas in the cavity of the blowout prevention shell 1 will press the inner movable bowl 703 outward, pushing the double locking rod 7 to insert into the vertical stop groove 6011 of the locking rod 601, achieving double locking and enhancing safety.
[0033] The center sealing body 10 is located in the middle of the two blowout prevention shells 1, and the drilling tool 3 passes through it. The inner diameter of the center sealing body 10 is consistent with the inner diameter of the wellbore 2, ensuring the center sealing. The outer end ring of the upper and lower ends of the center sealing body 10 is chamfered and cut obliquely, which is convenient for cooperation with the interlocking sealing mechanism. The interlocking sealing mechanism includes an interlocking body 8, a balance connecting body 801, a connecting arm 802, an interlocking pin hole 8021, a brake block 9 and a connecting trunnion 901. When the hydraulic piston rod 505 is pushed inward, the balance connecting body 801 and the interlocking body 8 move inward, and the interlocking body 8 drives the brake block 9 to move inward through the connecting arm 802 and the interlocking pin hole 8021. The brake block 9 is in the form of a semicircular arc, which slides and rotates in the interlocking pin hole 8021 through the connecting trunnion 901, and finally adheres to the drilling tool 3 to seal. The brake block 9 is clamped and tightly sealed along the inclined surface of the center sealing body 10; and when the lower brake block 9 is impacted and displaced, the upper brake block 9 will be more tightly adhered to the drilling tool 3 under the action of the multi-shaft lever, achieving adaptive sealing.
[0034] In addition, the outer end of the side edge of the blowout prevention shell 1 is provided with a lining plate 101, which is fixedly connected by high-pressure explosion-proof bolts, and the convex locking block 102 and the through groove structure 103 are used to enhance the structural stability. The end cover 4 is engaged with the blowout prevention shell 1 through the embedded table 401 and the side clamping groove 402, and is fixed by explosion-proof bolts to ensure the end sealing. The center sealing body 10 is connected with the lining plate 101 through the outer fixing body 1001, further reinforcing the overall structure. The entire device is driven by hydraulic pressure and mechanically interlocked, achieving fast response, reliable sealing and double locking, effectively preventing blowout accidents and improving the safety of oil well operation.
[0035] Working principle: When the alarm sensor in the oil well detects the risk of blowout, the signal will be triggered immediately, and the high-pressure oil pump 503 of the hydraulic drive mechanism will be started. The high-pressure oil pump 503 is controlled by the forward and reverse switching function, so that the oil inlet pipe 501 rapidly pumps high-pressure hydraulic oil into the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the oil return pipe 502 synchronously pumps the oil on the other side of the hydraulic piston disc 504, thereby forming a pressure difference and driving the hydraulic piston disc 504 to move inward along the hydraulic cylinder 5. The hydraulic piston rod 505 fixedly connected to the hydraulic piston disc 504 is pushed inward, passes through the end cover 4 and enters the inner cavity of the blowout preventer housing 1, and directly acts on the interlocking sealing mechanism.
[0036] The inward pushing movement of the hydraulic piston rod 505 drives the balance body 801 and the interlocking body 8 fixedly connected thereto to move inward. The interlocking body 8 drives the brake block 9 to move through the connecting arms 802 at the upper and lower ends thereof. Since the connecting ear shaft 901 can slide and rotate in the waist-round interlocking pin hole 8021 at the end of the connecting arm 802, the semicircular arc-shaped inner end of the brake block 9 will gradually fit the circumferential surface of the drilling tool 3 during the inward movement. At the same time, the brake block 9 further slides inward along the ring edge inclined surface of the chamfered structure at the upper and lower ends of the central sealing body 10 and is clamped, thereby realizing dynamic sealing of the circumferential space of the drilling tool 3. The interlocking design has self-adaptive capability. If the lower brake block 9 is displaced due to high-pressure impact underground, the upper brake block 9 will produce compensatory movement under the action of the multi-shaft lever formed by the interlocking body 8 and the balance body 801, and fit the drilling tool 3 more tightly, thereby ensuring the reliability of the sealing.
[0037] In the initial stage of the inward movement of the hydraulic piston disc 504, the inclined surface ring edge of the inner end chamfer will extrude the upper end of the stop rod 601 in the double locking mechanism, overcome the elastic force of the spring A 602, and press the stop rod 601 into and temporarily immerse in the cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder 5. When the interlocking sealing mechanism is moved in place and the brake block 9 completes the sealing, the waist-round transverse stop groove 5041 on the hydraulic piston disc 504 is just moved above the stop rod 601. At this time, under the restoring force of the spring A 602, the stop rod 601 is quickly popped up, and the top end is inserted into the transverse stop groove 5041. The top stop disc 603 abuts against the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 5, which makes the hydraulic piston disc 504 only continue to move inward by a small amount and cannot be withdrawn in reverse, thereby realizing the first mechanical locking.
[0038] After the first heavy lock is completed, if there is high pressure oil gas in the cavity of the blowout preventer shell 1, the pressure will act on the inner bowl 703 in the bowl-shaped structure of the inner end of the double lock rod 7. The pressure pushes the inner bowl 703 and the double lock rod 7 to move outward, compresses the spring B702, and makes the outer end of the double lock rod 7 inserted into the waist-shaped vertical stop groove 6011 on the wall of the lock rod 601. The side stop disc 701 ensures the stability of the movement. This process further locks the lock rod 601, forming a second heavy hydraulic trigger type lock, and the double protection mechanism completely prevents any back-off possibility of the hydraulic piston disc 504 due to system pressure fluctuation, ensuring long-term maintenance of the sealing state.
[0039] The structural connection of the entire device provides a basic guarantee for the realization of the working principle. The upper and lower combined blowout preventer shell 1 is connected into a solid sealed box body through the lining plate 101 and high-pressure explosion-proof bolts. The end cover 4 is engaged with the blowout preventer shell 1 and the lining plate 101 through the embedded table 401 and the side clamping groove 402, and is fastened with explosion-proof bolts, which ensures the sealing and pressure-bearing strength of the end part. The center sealing body 10 is penetrated through the through groove structure 103 on the lining plate 101 through the T-shaped outer fixed body 1001, and is fixed with the convex lock block 102 with bolts, so as to connect the blowout preventer shell 1, the end cover 4 and the center sealing body 10 into a stable whole, which can withstand the high pressure environment in the well.
[0040] In this paper, the following points need attention: 1. The drawings of the embodiments of the present application only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of the present application, and other structures can refer to the usual design.
[0041] 2. In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined to obtain new embodiments.
[0042] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any skilled person in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A hydraulic anti-lift device, comprising: A blowout preventer shell (1); the blowout preventer shell (1) is composed of two upper and lower parts, each of the two blowout preventer shells (1) being sealed with an end cover (4); the middle of the blowout preventer shell (1) passes through a drilling tool (3), and a wellbore (2) is vertically extended outward from the end cover (4) around the drilling tool (3), and the wellbore (2) at the bottom is embedded in the oil production well; The invention is characterized in that a hydraulic cylinder (5) is vertically provided at the middle of the outer end of the end seal (4), and a hydraulic drive mechanism is provided in the hydraulic cylinder (5); a double locking mechanism is provided below the hydraulic cylinder (5), and the double locking mechanism is used to lock the hydraulic drive mechanism after operation; a central sealing body (10) is provided at the middle position of the joint of the two blowout prevention shells (1), and the drilling tool (3) passes through the middle of the central sealing body (10), and the inner diameter of the central sealing body (10) is consistent with the inner diameter of the wellbore (2); an interlocking sealing mechanism is provided in the blowout prevention shells (1) on the upper and lower sides of the central sealing body (10), and the interlocking sealing mechanism is used to seal the circumferential space of the drilling tool (3) passing through the upper and lower end cavities of the central sealing body (10); the interlocking sealing mechanism is driven by the hydraulic drive mechanism, and the hydraulic drive mechanism is triggered by the alarm sensor in the oil well.
2. A hydraulic anti-lift device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lining plates (101) are vertically provided at the outer ends of the opposite sides of the two blowout-proof shells (1), and the upper and lower lining plates (101) are fixedly connected by high-pressure explosion-proof bolts. A convex locking block (102) is vertically provided at the outer middle part of the two opposing lining plates (101), and a through groove structure (103) is located between the inner side of the convex locking block (102) and the side wall of the blowout-proof shell (1).
3. A hydraulic anti-top device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An embedded platform (401) is provided in the middle of the side wall of the end opposite to the blowout prevention shell (1), and the circumference of the embedded platform (401) is an embedded groove that is engaged with the blowout prevention shell (1). Side card grooves (402) are respectively provided in the middle of the left and right ends of the end sealing cover (4), and the side card grooves (402) are used to engage the ends of the two upper and lower matching lining plates (101). The end sealing cover (4) and the blowout prevention shell (1) are in a bite state. The end sealing cover (4) and the blowout prevention shell (1) are fixedly connected together by explosion-proof bolts at the four side walls around the end sealing cover (4), and the inner ends of the explosion-proof bolts are screwed into the side walls of the embedded platform (401).
4. A hydraulic anti-top device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the central sealing body (10) are respectively vertically fixedly connected to a T-shaped external fixing body (1001), and the upper and lower ends of the end wing platform of the external fixing body (1001) respectively pass through the corresponding through-slot structure (103) of the lining plate (101). The convex locking block (102) on the lining plate (101) and the external fixing body (1001) passing through the through-slot structure (103) are fixedly connected by explosion-proof bolts, thereby forming a fixed connection state between the blowout prevention shell (1), the end sealing cover (4) and the central sealing body (10).
5. The hydraulic anti-lift device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic drive mechanism comprises an oil inlet pipe (501), an oil return pipe (502), a high-pressure oil pump (503), a hydraulic piston disc (504), a transverse stop groove (5041) and a hydraulic piston rod (505). The hydraulic piston disc (504) is provided in a sliding manner in the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (5). The ring edge of one end of the hydraulic piston disc (504) close to the end seal (4) is a chamfered inclined surface structure. The hydraulic piston disc (504) is fixedly connected to the end seal (4) vertically. The hydraulic piston rod (505) vertically slides through the end seal (4) and is placed in the inner cavity of the blowout prevention housing (1). The outer end of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is provided with a hydraulic piston disc (504). The middle part is connected to the oil inlet pipe (501), and the hydraulic cylinder (5) between the hydraulic piston disc (504) and the end cover (4) is connected to the return oil pipe (502). A high-pressure oil pump (503) is connected between the return oil pipe (502) and the oil inlet pipe (501). The high-pressure oil pump (503) has a forward and reverse reversing function. The hydraulic cylinder (5) is filled with hydraulic oil. The return oil pipe (502) and the oil inlet pipe (501) are both provided with an electric control valve. After the oil well alarms, the high-pressure oil pump (503) works quickly, the oil inlet pipe (501) pumps hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder (5), and the return oil pipe (502) sucks the hydraulic oil on the other side of the hydraulic piston disc (504).
6. The hydraulic anti-lift device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A waist-shaped transverse stop groove (5041) is provided on the bottom wall of the hydraulic piston disc (504) along the moving direction of the hydraulic piston disc (504).
7. The hydraulic anti-lift device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The double locking mechanism comprises a locking frame (6), a locking rod (601), a vertical stop groove (6011), a spring A (602), a top stop plate (603), a double locking rod (7), a side stop plate (701), a spring B (702) and an inner moving bowl (703), wherein a locking frame (6) is vertically fixed on the end cover (4) below the hydraulic cylinder (5), a locking rod (601) is vertically slidably provided in the locking frame (6), a directional clamping wing is provided on the rod wall of the locking rod (601), and the upper end of the locking rod (601) vertically slides into the hydraulic cylinder (5) to lock the locking mechanism. The upper end of the rod (601) is fixedly provided with a top stop plate (603) near the hydraulic cylinder (5), and a spring A (602) is installed on the locking rod (601) between the top stop plate (603) and the locking frame (6). When the upper end of the locking rod (601) is slidably inserted into the horizontal stop groove (5041), the top stop plate (603) and the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder (5) are abutted. The lower end of the locking rod (601) is provided with a waist-shaped vertical stop groove (6011) on the rod wall corresponding to one end of the end cover (4). The end cover (4) at the position of the vertical stop groove (6011) is vertically slidably inserted with a double-layered spring. The locking rod (7) is provided with a side baffle (701) fixedly provided on one end of the double locking rod (7) close to the stop rod (601). A spring B (702) is provided on the double locking rod (7) between the side baffle (701) and the end cover (4). The inner end of the double locking rod (7) is provided with an inner movable bowl (703) having a bowl-shaped structure with a wide outer end and a narrow inner end. When the upper end of the stop rod (601) is inserted into the horizontal stop groove (5041), the outer end of the double locking rod (7) is simultaneously inserted into the vertical stop groove (6011). During the inward movement of the hydraulic piston disc (504), the chamfered edge of the inner end of the hydraulic piston disc (504) is squeezed against the upper end of the locking rod (601), and the locking rod (601) is immersed in the wall of the hydraulic cylinder (5) until the interlocking sealing mechanism is sealed in place. The locking rod (601) is just inserted into the horizontal stop groove (5041). The hydraulic piston disc (504) can continue to move inward but cannot move outward. If high-pressure oil and gas exist in the cavity of the blowout prevention shell (1), it will further press the inner bowl (703) outward, and the outer end of the double locking rod (7) is further stably locked into the vertical stop groove (6011).
8. The hydraulic anti-lift device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end ring edges at the upper and lower ends of the central sealing body (10) are chamfered bevel structures.
9. The hydraulic anti-lift device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The interlocking sealing mechanism comprises an interlocking body (8), a balancing joint (801), a connecting arm (802), an interlocking pin hole (8021), a gate block (9) and a connecting ear shaft (901). The balancing joint (801) is installed in the middle frame of the interlocking body (8) via a pin shaft for transverse rotation. The outer end of the balancing joint (801) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic piston rod (505). The upper and lower ends of the interlocking body (8) are respectively vertically fixed with connecting arms (802). The ends of the connecting arms (802) are provided with waist-shaped interlocking pin holes (8021) that pass through left and right. The interlocking pin holes (8021) are inclined to the side where the drilling tool (3) is located. The gate block (9) is a semicircular arc structure. A transverse connecting ear shaft (901) is fixedly connected to the middle ear seat of the outer end of the gate block (9). The connecting ear shaft (901) passes through the corresponding In the interlocking pin hole (8021), the inner end of the gate block (9) fits with the drilling tool (3). The gate block (9) can rotate slightly on the connecting arm (802) and can move up and down slightly along the interlocking pin hole (8021). When the hydraulic piston rod (505) is pushed inward, the balancing joint (801) drives the interlocking body (8) to move inward. The interlocking body (8) can rotate slightly on the balancing joint (801). The balancing joint (801) moves inward and squeezes to drive the gate block (9) to move inward and fit with the drilling tool (3). During the process of moving inward, the gate block (9) moves outward along the interlocking pin hole (8021). During the process of moving inward, the gate block (9) moves inward along the annular bevel of the center sealing body (10) and is clamped. When the lower gate block (9) is impacted and displaced, the upper gate block (9) will fit the drilling tool (3) more closely under the action of the multi-axis lever.