Drill hole water level measuring system and method for hydrogeological exploration

Abstract

The invention relates to a borehole water level measuring system and method for hydrogeological exploration, relates to the technical field of hydrogeological exploration, and adopts a multi-sensor integration and cooperation technology to realize multi-parameter synchronous measurement through an integrated probe. By establishing a dynamic environment compensation model, namely a salinity-density dynamic model, and combining inclination angle real-time correction of an ultrasonic propagation path and high-frequency monitoring and dynamic compensation of environmental parameters such as atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity, the water level measurement accuracy in the whole environment is + / -0.01 m. Through multi-source data fusion and intelligent analysis, three kinds of measurement data of a pressure method, an ultrasonic wave method and a measuring rope method are fused, weights are dynamically distributed according to standard deviations of all the measurement methods, the fusion water level is calculated, the + / -0.01 m level measurement precision is achieved, and the accuracy of the measurement result is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the dynamic response speed is increased, alarm can be triggered by calculating the second derivative of the water level data in a karst area water inrush early warning scene, and the early warning capacity for geological disasters is effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogeological exploration, in particular, especially relates to a drilling water level measurement system and method for hydrogeological exploration. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the work of hydrogeological exploration, drilling water level is the core index reflecting the occurrence state and movement law of groundwater, and the accuracy of its measurement results is directly related to the reliability of subsequent research and engineering practice. With the rapid development of social economy, higher requirements are put forward for the development, utilization and protection of groundwater resources, and accurate water level data are also needed to support the prevention and control of geological disasters (such as land subsidence, karst collapse, water inrush accident, etc.). Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a high-precision and high-efficiency drilling water level measurement system and method.

[0003] Traditional drilling water level measurement methods have many limitations. Among them, the measuring rope method, as the most original measurement method, mainly relies on manual operation to lower the measuring rope with counterweight into the drill hole, and judges the contact of the measuring rope with the water surface by sensing the change of tension, and then reads the water level depth. This method is not only low in efficiency, but also greatly affected by human factors. For example, the experience difference of the operator will cause deviation in the judgment of the change of tension, and the measurement error is usually between 0.1-0.5m, which is difficult to meet the needs of high-precision exploration. At the same time, in deep holes or drill holes with rapid water level changes, the applicability of the measuring rope method is further reduced.

[0004] With the development of electronic technology, measurement methods based on pressure sensors and ultrasonic principles have appeared. The pressure sensor method calculates the water level depth by measuring the hydrostatic pressure of water, which has a certain degree of automation, but the influence of water temperature, salinity on water density and the disturbance of atmospheric pressure on the measurement results are often ignored in the prior art, resulting in a decrease in measurement accuracy in environments with large temperature changes, high salinity or unstable air pressure (such as coastal saline aquifers), with a deviation of more than 0.12m. The ultrasonic method calculates the water level depth by using the propagation time of ultrasonic waves in air, however, environmental factors such as air temperature, humidity and drill hole inclination will significantly affect the propagation speed and path of ultrasonic waves, and if not corrected effectively, the measurement error may reach more than 0.1m.

[0005] The measurement accuracy is greatly affected by environmental factors, and lacks dynamic compensation mechanism, especially in saline and turbid water environments, the deviation is significant; the measurement method is single, lacks multi-source data fusion and automatic error tracing, and the reliability of the measurement results is difficult to guarantee; the water level dynamic monitoring granularity is coarse, and cannot capture the rapid changes such as water inrush precursors, and lacks early warning function; the system fault response is slow, and needs manual troubleshooting, affecting the continuity of monitoring.

[0006] In view of the above, there is an urgent need for a drilling water level measurement system and method for hydrogeological exploration to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a scientific and optimized drilling water level measurement system and method for hydrogeological exploration, which integrates multi-parameter hardware measurement, dynamic environment compensation, high-frequency dynamic monitoring and intelligent data fusion, realizes ±0.01m level precision measurement of drilling water level in all environments, has water inrush warning capability, and improves the environmental adaptability and response speed of the system.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a drilling water level measurement system for hydrogeological exploration, comprising a measurement module, a data processing module and a result output module. The measurement module is composed of a basic parameter measurement unit, a water level measurement unit and an environmental parameter measurement unit. The basic parameter measurement unit includes an RTK-GPS receiver, a level, a digital caliper, a laser positioner and a cable winding and unwinding device, which is used to collect the geographic position, the orifice elevation, the drilling diameter and the depth of the drilling hole; the water level measurement unit includes an integrated probe and an ultrasonic module, which respectively realize direct measurement of water level by different principles; the integrated probe pressure includes a sensor, a temperature sensor, an electric conductivity sensor and a turbidity sensor; The environmental parameter measurement unit includes a temperature and humidity sensor, which is used to collect the environmental temperature and air pressure parameters during measurement, and provides a basis for data correction.

[0009] The data processing module includes a data receiving unit, a calculation unit, a correction unit and an error analysis unit. The data receiving unit is used to receive the data transmitted by the basic parameter measurement unit, the water level measurement unit and the environmental parameter measurement unit; the calculation unit calculates the water level elevation parameter according to the preset calculation formula; the correction unit corrects the measurement results by temperature and air pressure; the error analysis unit compares and analyzes the results of different measurement methods to evaluate the measurement error. The result output module includes a data storage unit and a result display unit. The data storage unit is used to store the measurement data, the calculation results and the correction parameters.

[0010] On the other hand, the present application provides a drilling water level measurement method for hydrogeological exploration, comprising the following steps: S1, hardware cooperative deployment S101, integrated probe installation: coaxial calibration of pressure sensor, temperature sensor, electric conductivity sensor and turbidity sensor; vertical lowering through the guide wheel of the cable winding and unwinding device, and initialization zero of the coding wheel; S102, ultrasonic module installation: fixed 0.5m above the hole, the laser positioning device starts self-test, if the inclination angle α>0.5°, trigger the electric push rod to level; S103, environmental monitoring start: The dynamic environmental compensation unit and the error tracing unit are installed adjacent to each other in the industrial control box on the platform layer. The dynamic environmental compensation unit is connected to the meteorological API, and the error tracing unit performs hardware communication detection; S2. Benchmark parameter collection S201, drilling location: using RTK-GPS receiver to obtain latitude and longitude as well as the hole mouth geodetic height H0; S202, hole elevation H k Calibration: Take the third-level leveling point as the benchmark, use the level to perform round-trip measurement, the height difference closure error ≤ ±12√L, calculate H k =H0+Δh; Wherein, L is the length of the measuring section, in km; Δh is the average value of the round trip height difference; S203, Drilling structure parameter collection: Use a digital caliper to measure in three orthogonal directions at the orifice and take the average value of the diameter D; The cable retracting device is lowered to the bottom of the hole and the encoder wheel reading is recorded as the depth L; S204, Environmental Baseline Data Collection: Air parameters: Ultrasonic module records the initial temperature T a0 , humidity RH0, dynamic environment compensation unit stores initial air pressure P a0 ; Water background value: The integrated probe collects initial conductivity EC0 and turbidity NTU0 1m below the orifice; Turbidity NTU0: used for subsequent pollution warning threshold setting; S3. Multi-source water level measurement and dynamic compensation S301, pressure sensor measurement Specifically, the cable retracting device lowers the integrated probe; the pressure sensor collects the absolute pressure value P t , the dynamic environment compensation unit deducts the atmospheric pressure P in real time a , and get P 水 =P t -P a ; Salinity-density correction: The conductivity EC (μS / cm) is converted to salinity S (‰): when EC≤5000μS / cm, S=0.0018×EC+0.023; When EC>5000μS / cm, S=0.4665×(EC / 1000) 1.0878 ; Water temperature Tv (℃) Corrected density: p w =1000×[1-0.00021×(T v -4)+0.0008×S]; Water depth calculation: h w =P 水 / (p w ×g); where g is 9.81 m / s 2 ; Water level depth: h2=L s -h w ; where L s : real-time reading of the encoding wheel, with a synchronization error <10 ms; Water level elevation: H v1 =H k -h2-AL; cable elastic elongation: AL=(L s ×F) / (E×A); where F is the cable tension, E is the modulus of elasticity, and A is the cross-sectional area.

[0011] S302, ultrasonic method measurement Specifically, dynamic correction of sound speed according to temperature and humidity sensor data: v=331.45+0.61×T a -0.002×RH0+0.0001×P a ; where T a is the ambient temperature; P a is the ambient pressure; Propagation path correction: laser positioner real-time monitoring of inclination angle a, calculating the tilt correction factor 1 / cos a, getting h3=(v×t / 2)×(1 / cos a); where, when a=3°, the correction amount ≈0.004 m; t is the propagation time, including sound wave reflection delay compensation 0.5 μs; water level elevation calculation: H v3 =H k -h3.

[0012] S303, measuring rope method verification Using a steel wire measuring rope, the end is weighted, measuring h1, calculating H v2 =H k -h1-Δh t ; where the temperature correction: Δh t =h1×1.2×10 -5 ×(T a -20).

[0013] S4, data fusion and intelligent analysis Objective: To improve the accuracy of water level measurement through multi-source data fusion, and to complete the calculation and risk warning simultaneously.

[0014] S401, Multi-source data fusion algorithm Standard deviation calculation: Pressure method σ1: Based on 100 sets of continuous measurement data, calculate σ1=√[Σ(H v1+i -H v1 ) 2 / (n-1)]; Ultrasonic method σ3: The calculation method is the same as the pressure method, among which outliers (deviation from the mean 3σ3) are eliminated using the Laida criterion; Rope measuring method σ2: Take three measurements and calculate the standard deviation (as a benchmark reference).

[0015] Dynamic weight allocation: w i =(1 / σ i 2 ) / Σ(1 / σ i 2 ), when σ i When the distance is >0.05m, the weight is automatically reduced to 1 / 3 of the original weight.

[0016] Fusion water level calculation: H v =w1H v1 +w2H v2 +w3H v3 .

[0017] Error tracing trigger: If max(|H vi -H v |)>0.05m, the error tracing unit executes: Hardware testing: pressure sensor calibration value verification, encoder wheel pitch error detection; Environmental review: The dynamic environmental compensation unit recalls meteorological data and checks for sudden changes in air pressure (ΔP a >1kPa / 10min); Generate a traceability report (including fault location accuracy ≥ 95%).

[0018] S402. Dynamic early warning mechanism Monitoring granularity: Automatic recording unit collects H per minute v (t), storage capacity ≥ 100,000.

[0019] Second-order derivative calculation: First-order difference: v i =(H vi＋1 -H vi ) / (Δt) (Δt=60s); Second-order difference: a i =(v i＋1 -v i) / (Δt) (unit: m / h²).

[0020] Early warning trigger: when 3 consecutive a i When δ=0.1 m / h², the early warning analysis unit performs: forming an audible and visual alarm and data push; The data push specifically includes sending early warning information to a management platform through a 4G module.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial effects: The borehole water level measurement system and method for hydrogeological exploration constructed by the present application adopt multi-sensor integration and cooperation technology, realize multi-parameter synchronous measurement through an integrated probe integrating a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, an electrical conductivity sensor and a turbidity sensor.

[0022] By establishing a dynamic environment compensation model, i.e., a salinity-density dynamic model (correction error ≤±0.005 kg / m³), combining real-time correction of the inclination angle of the ultrasonic wave propagation path, and high-frequency monitoring and dynamic compensation of environmental parameters such as atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity, the water level measurement accuracy under all environments is ±0.01 m, which is 3 times higher than that of the prior art.

[0023] Through multi-source data fusion and intelligent analysis, three kinds of measurement data of pressure method, ultrasonic method and measuring rope method are fused, the weight is dynamically allocated according to the standard deviation of each measurement method, the fused water level is calculated, the measurement accuracy of ±0.01 m is realized, and the accuracy of the measurement result is greatly improved.

[0024] The automatic recording unit of the present application collects water level data at a granularity of 1 minute / second, can capture the change of water level on the time scale of minutes, and speeds up the dynamic response speed. In the karst area water inrush early warning scene, through the calculation of the second derivative of the water level data, when 3 consecutive second derivatives a i When δ=0.1 m / h², the alarm can be triggered within 30 seconds, the advance amount is ≥40 minutes, and the early warning ability for geological disasters is effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the borehole water level measurement method for hydrogeological exploration in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects realized by the present application easy to understand, the present application is further described below in combination with specific embodiments. Embodiment one

[0027] A borehole water level measurement system for hydrogeological exploration, comprising a measurement module, a data processing module and a result output module. The basic parameter measurement unit comprises an RTK-GPS receiver, a level, a digital caliper, a laser positioner and a cable winding and unwinding device, and is used for collecting basic information such as the geographic position, the orifice elevation, the drilling diameter and the depth of the drilling hole; the water level measurement unit comprises an integrated probe and an ultrasonic module, and directly measures the water level by using different principles respectively; the integrated probe pressure comprises a sensor, a temperature sensor, an electric conductivity sensor and a turbidity sensor; The environmental parameter measurement unit comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, and is used for collecting the environmental temperature, the air pressure and other parameters at the time of measurement, so as to provide a basis for data correction.

[0028] The data processing module comprises a data receiving unit, a calculation unit, a correction unit and an error analysis unit. The data receiving unit is used for receiving various data transmitted by the basic parameter measurement unit, the water level measurement unit and the environmental parameter measurement unit; the calculation unit calculates the water level elevation and other parameters according to a preset calculation formula; the correction unit performs temperature correction, air pressure correction and the like on the measurement results through the environmental parameters; and the error analysis unit compares and analyzes the results of different measurement methods, and evaluates the measurement error. The achievement output module comprises a data storage unit and an achievement display unit. The data storage unit is used for storing measurement data, calculation results and correction parameters and the like. Embodiment Two

[0029] A drilling water level measurement method for hydrogeological exploration, comprising the following steps: S1, Hardware cooperative deployment The hardware device installation and debugging are completed, the drilling reference parameters and the environmental initial data are obtained, and a reference framework is provided for subsequent measurement.

[0030] S101, Integrated probe installation: the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the electric conductivity sensor and the turbidity sensor are coaxially calibrated to ensure that the sensor axis deviation is less than or equal to 0.5 mm; the cable winding and unwinding device is vertically lowered through the guide wheel, the code wheel is initialized and cleared, and the motor driving current is set to 1.2 A.

[0031] S102, Ultrasonic module erection: fixed at 0.5 m directly above the orifice, the laser positioner starts self-checking, if the inclination angle a is greater than 0.5°, the electric push rod leveling is triggered; wherein, the leveling range is ±3°, and the response time is less than 2 s; the temperature and humidity sensor is preheated for 3 minutes to ensure the measurement accuracy.

[0032] S103, Environmental monitoring start: the dynamic environmental compensation unit accesses the meteorological API, and the update frequency is 1 time / 30 s; the error traceability unit performs hardware communication detection, including the sensor power supply voltage 3.3±0.1V.

[0033] S2, Reference parameter collection S201, Drilling geographic position: adopt RTK-GPS receiver, fixed static observation for 10 minutes, obtain latitude and longitude to 0.01" accuracy, orifice geodetic height H0, measurement error ≤±2cm; S202, Orifice elevation H k Calibration: take three-level points as reference, use DSZ2 level gauge for round trip measurement, height difference closure error ≤±12√L, calculate H k =H0+Δh Wherein, L: measurement length, unit km; Δh: average value of round trip height difference.

[0034] Drilling structure parameters: Diameter D: adopt digital caliper to measure in three orthogonal directions at orifice, take average value; Depth L: cable winding and unwinding device is lowered to the bottom at a speed of 0.5m / s, record the reading of the code wheel; Environmental baseline data: Air parameters: ultrasonic module records initial temperature T a0 , humidity RH0, dynamic environment compensation unit stores initial air pressure P a0 ; Water background value: integrated probe collects initial conductivity EC0, turbidity NTU0 at 1m below the orifice; Turbidity NTU0: used for subsequent pollution warning threshold setting.

[0035] S3, Multi-source water level measurement and dynamic compensation Through various measurement methods, water level data is synchronously collected, combined with environmental parameters for real-time compensation, and environmental interference is eliminated.

[0036] S301, pressure sensor method measurement The specific process includes: The cable winding and unwinding device lowers the integrated probe at a speed of 0.2m / s, when the turbidity sensor detects NTU>50 (50 is the muddy water recognition threshold), the speed is automatically reduced to 0.1m / s.

[0037] The pressure sensor collects absolute pressure value P t , the dynamic environment compensation unit deducts atmospheric pressure P a in real time, and obtains P 水 =P t -P a ; Salinity-density correction: Convert conductivity EC (μS / cm) to salinity S (‰): when EC≤5000μS / cm, S=0.0018×EC+0.023; When EC > 5000 μS / cm, S = 0.4665 x (EC / 1000) 1.0878 ; Water temperature T v (℃) Corrected density: p w = 1000 x [1 - 0.00021 x (T v - 4) + 0.0008 x S]; Water depth calculation: h w = P 水 / (p w x g); where g is 9.81 m / s 2 ; Water level depth: h2 = L s - h w ; where L s : real-time reading of the encoding wheel, synchronization error < 10 ms; Water level elevation: H v1 = H k - h2 - AL; cable elastic elongation: AL = (L s x F) / (E x A); where F is the cable tension, E is the modulus of elasticity, and A is the cross-sectional area.

[0038] S302, ultrasonic wave method measurement Specifically, dynamic correction for sound speed according to temperature and humidity sensor data: v = 331.45 + 0.61 x T a - 0.002 x RH0 + 0.0001 x P a ; Where T a is the ambient temperature; P a is the ambient pressure; Propagation path correction: laser positioner real-time monitoring of inclination angle a, calculating the tilt correction coefficient 1 / cos a, getting h3 = (v x t / 2) x (1 / cos a); Where, when a = 3°, the correction amount ≈ 0.004 m; t is the propagation time, including sound wave reflection delay compensation 0.5 μs; water level elevation calculation: H v3 = H k - h3.

[0039] S303, verification by measuring the rope (once every 24 hours) Steel wire measuring rope is used, with 500 g weight at the end to ensure that the steel wire is vertical, measuring h1 (reading accuracy 0.5 mm), calculating H v2 = H k - h1 - Ah t ; where Ah t is the temperature correction elevation, the calculation method is: Ah t= h1 x 1.2 x 10 -5 x (T a - 20).

[0040] S4, Data Fusion and Intelligent Analysis Improve water level measurement accuracy through multi-source data fusion, and complete calculation and risk warning simultaneously.

[0041] S401, Multi-source data fusion algorithm Standard deviation calculation: Pressure method σ1: based on 100 sets of continuous measurement data, calculate σ1=√[Σ(H v1+i -H v1 ) 2 / (n-1)]; Ultrasonic method σ3: the calculation method is the same as the pressure method, and the outlier (deviation from the mean 3σ3) is removed by using the Laiyida criterion; Measuring rope method σ2: take 3 measurement values to calculate the standard deviation (as a reference).

[0042] Dynamic weight distribution: w i =(1 / σ i 2 ) / Σ(1 / σ i 2 ), when σ i >0.05m, automatically reduce the weight to 1 / 3 of the original weight.

[0043] Fusion water level calculation: H v =w1H v1 +w2H v2 +w3H v3 .

[0044] Error trace trigger: if max(|H vi -H v |)>0.05m, the error trace unit executes: Hardware detection: pressure sensor calibration value verification, code wheel tooth pitch error detection; Environmental review: dynamic environmental compensation unit re-calls meteorological data to check pressure mutation (ΔP a >1kPa / 10min); Generate trace report (including fault positioning accuracy ≥95%).

[0045] S402, Dynamic warning mechanism Monitoring granularity: automatic recording unit collects H v (t) at 1 minute / second, storage capacity ≥100,000.

[0046] Second derivative calculation: First difference: vi = (H vi＋1 -H vi ) / (Δt) (Δt=60s); Second-order difference: a i = (v i＋1 -v i ) / (Δt) (unit: m / h²).

[0047] Early warning trigger: when a i >δ=0.1m / h², the early warning analysis unit executes: form audible and visual alarm and data push; The data push specifically includes sending early warning information to the management platform through the 4G module.

[0048] The technical principle adopted by the present application is: 1. Breakthrough in overall environmental measurement accuracy: through the salinity-density dynamic model (correction error ≤±0.005 kg / m³) and real-time correction of ultrasonic angle, the water level measurement accuracy is ±0.01m in all environments, which is 3 times higher than the prior art; in actual scenarios, the deviation is reduced from 0.12m to within 0.02m.

[0049] 2. Greatly improved measurement efficiency: measurement time is shortened from 2 hours to 10 minutes (including data processing), efficiency is improved by 12 times; system fault response time is reduced from 30 minutes to 5 seconds, ensuring monitoring continuity.

[0050] 3. Geological disaster early warning capability: 1-minute level monitoring granularity combined with second-order derivative early warning model, water inrush precursor identification advance ≥40 minutes, false detection rate reduced by 90%, false alarm rate <1%.

[0051] 4. Environmental adaptability expansion: 90° scattering turbidity sensor can tolerate muddy water environment with NTU ≤500, cable winding and unwinding device adapts to 200m deep well, which expands the application scene of existing system by 60%.

[0052] 5. Data reliability guarantee: multi-source data fusion and automatic error tracing mechanism make the measurement data confidence ≥99.9%, reducing the artificial checking workload by 80%.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial effects, including: Multi-sensor integration and collaboration: Most of the prior art water level measurement systems and methods use a single sensor to measure water level, such as only using pressure sensors or ultrasonic sensors, lacking the collaboration and verification mechanism of multi-source data. The present invention constructs an integrated probe integrating pressure sensors, temperature sensors, conductivity sensors, and turbidity sensors, realizing multi-parameter synchronous measurement. In actual monitoring, the salinity data is obtained by the conductivity sensor, and the water level measured by the pressure sensor is dynamically corrected by salinity-density, effectively eliminating the influence of salinity on water level measurement accuracy, reducing the deviation from 0.12m to within 0.02m.

[0054] Dynamic environment compensation model: Traditional measurement systems lack real-time and accurate compensation mechanisms when facing changes in temperature, air pressure, salinity, and other environmental factors. For example, some measurement systems and methods based on pressure sensors do not consider the influence of water temperature, salinity on water density and the fluctuation of atmospheric pressure, resulting in a significant decrease in measurement accuracy in complex environments. The present invention establishes a dynamic salinity-density model (correction error ≤±0.005 kg / m³), combines real-time correction of the inclination of the ultrasonic propagation path, and dynamically compensates for environmental parameters such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, and humidity, achieving water level measurement accuracy of ±0.01m in all environments, which is 3 times higher than the prior art.

[0055] Measurement accuracy leap: The measurement accuracy of the prior art is significantly affected by environmental factors, and it is difficult to meet the high-precision exploration requirements under complex geological and hydrological conditions. For example, the measuring rope method is greatly affected by human factors, and the measurement error is usually between 0.1-0.5m; measurement methods based on pressure sensors and ultrasonic principles have a deviation of more than 0.1m in environments with large temperature changes, high salinity, or unstable air pressure. The present invention fuses pressure method, ultrasonic method, and measuring rope method through multi-source data fusion and intelligent analysis, dynamically allocates weights according to the standard deviation of each measurement method, calculates the fused water level, and achieves ±0.01m level measurement accuracy, greatly improving the accuracy of measurement results.

[0056] Dynamic response speed is accelerated: The water level measurement systems and methods of the prior art can only achieve low-frequency and discrete water level measurement, and cannot meet the monitoring needs of rapid changes in water level. The automatic recording unit of the present invention collects water level data at a granularity of 1 minute / second, which can capture changes in water level on a minute time scale. In the karst area water inrush early warning scene, through the calculation of the second derivative of the water level data, when the continuous three second derivatives a i >δ=0.1m / h², the alarm can be triggered within 30 seconds, with an advance of ≥40 minutes, effectively improving the early warning capability of geological disasters.

[0057] Intelligent fault diagnosis and error tracing: when the traditional measurement system fails or has measurement error, manual investigation is often required, which takes more than 30 minutes, affecting the continuity of monitoring and data reliability. The error tracing unit of the present application has the functions of hardware detection, environment review and fault positioning. When the measurement error exceeds the set threshold, the hardware calibration value check, code gear pitch error detection, environment parameter review and other operations are automatically performed, the tracing report is generated, the fault positioning accuracy is greater than or equal to 95%, the system fault response time is reduced from 30 minutes to 5 seconds, and the continuity of monitoring and data quality are ensured.

[0058] The above examples verify the high-precision measurement, fast parameter acquisition and disaster warning capability of the present application in complex environment, and the system indicators are better than the prior art, which can be widely applied to various hydrogeological exploration scenes.

[0059] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The borehole water level measurement system for hydrogeological exploration is characterized by: It includes a measurement module, a data processing module and an output module; the measurement module includes a basic parameter measurement unit, a water level measurement unit and an environmental parameter measurement unit; the data processing module includes a data receiving unit, a calculation unit, a correction unit and an error analysis unit; the output module includes a data storage unit and an output display unit.

2. The borehole water level measurement system for hydrogeological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic parameter measurement unit includes an RTK-GPS receiver, a level, a digital caliper, a laser locator, and a cable retraction device; the water level measurement unit includes an integrated probe and an ultrasonic module; and the environmental parameter measurement unit includes a temperature and humidity sensor.

3. The borehole water level measurement system for hydrogeological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The integrated probe includes a sensor, a temperature sensor, a conductivity sensor and a turbidity sensor.

4. A borehole water level measurement method for hydrogeological exploration, characterized by: The specific steps include: S1, hardware collaborative deployment; S2, benchmark parameter collection; S3, multi-source water level measurement and dynamic compensation; S4. Data fusion and intelligent analysis.

5. The borehole water level measurement method for hydrogeological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S1 specifically includes: S101. Integrated probe installation: coaxially calibrate the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, conductivity sensor, and turbidity sensor; lower the guide wheel of the cable retractor vertically, and initialize and reset the encoder wheel; S102, ultrasonic module installation: fixed 0.5m above the hole, the laser positioning device starts self-test, if the inclination angle α>0.5°, trigger the electric push rod to level; S103, environmental monitoring starts: the dynamic environmental compensation unit is connected to the meteorological API, and the error tracing unit performs hardware communication detection.

6. The borehole water level measurement method for hydrogeological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S2 specifically includes: S201, drilling location: using RTK-GPS receiver to obtain latitude and longitude as well as the hole mouth geodetic height H0; S202, hole elevation H k Calibration: Take the third-level leveling point as the benchmark, use the level to perform round-trip measurement, the height difference closure error ≤ ±12√L, calculate H k =H0+Δh; Where, L: length of the measuring section, unit is km; Δh: average value of the round trip height difference; S203, Drilling structure parameter collection: Use a digital caliper to measure in three orthogonal directions at the orifice and take the average value of the diameter D; The cable retracting device is lowered to the bottom of the hole and the encoder wheel reading is recorded as the depth L; S204, Environmental Baseline Data Collection: Air parameters: Ultrasonic module records the initial temperature T a0 , humidity RH0, dynamic environment compensation unit stores initial air pressure P a0 ; Water background value: The integrated probe collects initial conductivity EC0 and turbidity NTU0 1 m below the orifice.

7. The borehole water level measurement method for hydrogeological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S3 specifically includes: pressure sensor measurement, ultrasonic measurement and rope measurement verification.

8. The borehole water level measurement method for hydrogeological exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific implementation of the pressure sensor method is as follows: the cable retracting device lowers the integrated probe; the pressure sensor collects the absolute pressure value P t , the dynamic environment compensation unit deducts the atmospheric pressure P in real time a ,get P 水 =P t -P a ; Salinity-density correction: The conductivity EC (μS / cm) is converted to salinity S (‰): when EC≤5000μS / cm, S=0.0018×EC+0.023; When EC>5000μS / cm, S=0.4665×(EC / 1000) 1.0878 ; Water temperature T v (℃) Corrected density: ρ w =1000×[1-0.00021×(T v -4)+0.0008×S]; Water depth calculation: h w =P 水 / (ρ w ×g); where g is 9.81 m / s 2 ; Water level depth: h2=L s -h w Among them, L s : Real-time reading of encoder wheel, synchronization error <10ms; Water level: H v1 =H k -h2-ΔL; Cable elastic elongation: ΔL=(L s ×F) / (E×A); where F is the cable tension, E is the elastic modulus, and A is the cross-sectional area.

9. The borehole water level measurement method for hydrogeological exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ultrasonic measurement is specifically implemented as follows: dynamic correction of the sound velocity is performed based on the temperature and humidity sensor data, v = 331.45 + 0.61 × T a -0.002×RH0+0.0001×P a ; Among them, T a is the ambient temperature; P a is the ambient air pressure; Propagation path correction: The laser positioning device monitors the tilt angle α in real time and calculates the tilt correction coefficient 1 / cosα to obtain h3=(v×t / 2)×(1 / cosα); Among them, when α=3°, the correction amount is ≈0.004m; t is the propagation time, including the sound wave reflection delay compensation of 0.5μs; water level calculation: H v3 =H k -h3.

10. The borehole water level measurement method for hydrogeological exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific implementation of the rope measurement method is: use a steel wire rope with a weight at the end to measure h1 and calculate H v2 =H k -h1-Δh t ; Among them, temperature corrected elevation: Δh t =h1×1.2×10 -5 ×(T a -20).

Images