Method for controlling participation of energy storage power station in power market operation
Through a multi-time-scale rolling optimization framework and time-sharing control strategy, the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage power stations are optimized, solving the problems of capacity loss and low economy caused by traditional full compensation strategies, and achieving reduced frequency deviation and improved SOC recovery efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510839131.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-17
AI Technical Summary
When existing energy storage power stations participate in electricity market operations, the traditional full compensation strategy leads to rapid capacity loss and low economic efficiency, which cannot meet actual system needs.
A multi-time-scale rolling optimization framework is adopted, combined with data collection, load and renewable energy output fluctuation analysis, to set a time-based control strategy, including different energy storage action strategies during the assessment period and the non-assessment period. Through multi-time-scale coordinated control, the charging and discharging strategies of the energy storage power station are optimized.
The energy storage power station achieved a 30% reduction in frequency deviation while increasing SOC recovery efficiency by 40%, avoiding capacity loss and improving economy and system adaptability.
Smart Images
Figure CN120810700A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage power station participating in power market operation control, and particularly relates to a method for energy storage power station participating in power market operation control. BACKGROUND
[0002] In order to realize green and low-carbon transformation of energy, renewable energy has become the main force of national energy development and entered a leap-forward development stage. Energy storage power stations will be accelerated to participate in power market to cooperate with grid peak shaving, and will be accelerated to participate in medium and long-term market and spot market to provide auxiliary services by giving full play to the advantages of independent energy storage technology. However, how the energy storage power station realizes profit and what operation strategy is adopted still needs to be further analyzed and sorted out.
[0003] The service value provided by the energy storage power station in different application scenarios such as source side, network side and load side is different, mainly embodied in two aspects of spot energy market and auxiliary service market. The spot energy market mainly shows spot price arbitrage service. By arranging the charging and discharging output of the energy storage power station, the power is purchased (charged) at a lower spot market price and sold (discharged) at a higher spot market price, so as to obtain income. In principle, the spot market income is related to the spot price peak-valley difference and the price duration; the auxiliary service market mainly includes peak shaving, frequency modulation and standby, etc., and the spot market can play the function of replacing the peak shaving market, so the frequency modulation service can be understood as the core content of the auxiliary service. In order to ensure the frequency quality of the power system, the energy storage must adjust the active power output in a very short time, generally a few seconds to a few minutes, to control the frequency deviation within the allowed range, and therefore the technical personnel in the field need to further update and improve the technology.
[0004] The existing energy storage power station participating in power market operation control can adopt a traditional full compensation strategy. The full compensation strategy refers to the control logic that the energy storage power station unconditionally responds to all frequency deviation instructions and charges and discharges at the maximum power for compensation. When the system frequency deviation (Δf) exceeds the threshold value, the energy storage compensates for the required power gap at 100% full compensation according to the instruction, ignoring the adjustment capacity of other power sources. The core problem lies in that the actual system demand and economy are ignored in the pursuit of theoretical regulation effect, resulting in accelerated capacity loss of the energy storage. The traditional full compensation strategy leads to excessive action of the energy storage, fast capacity loss and low economy. SUMMARY
[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present application proposes a method for energy storage power station participating in power market operation control, which adopts a multi-time scale rolling optimization framework to meet the actual system demand and economy and avoid the problem of fast capacity loss.
[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: a method for operating and controlling an energy storage power station participating in an electricity market, comprising the following steps:
[0007] Data acquisition step: acquire load and new energy output fluctuation data of previous hours;
[0008] Divide the time into an evaluation period and a non-evaluation period;
[0009] Fit the load fluctuation function, and calculate the maximum fluctuation and the expected fluctuation;
[0010] Solve the optimal frequency modulation period according to the maximum fluctuation and the expected fluctuation;
[0011] In the non-evaluation period, calculate the base point power through period electric quantity rolling control:
[0012]
[0013] Where t res is the remaining time of the period, η is the efficiency; P bs is the base point charging and discharging power, positive for discharging and negative for charging; SOC now is the current actual SOC value; SOC des is the target SOC value; P sto is the energy storage rated power capacity; 0.6 is a safety factor for avoiding overcharging and overdischarging; when the SOC deviates from the target value, trigger the charging and discharging lockout to force the SOC to recover;
[0014] Establish a SOC active recovery mechanism;
[0015] Detect the SOC in the stable period: if SOC<40% and |Δf|<0.033Hz, trigger the recovery mode;
[0016] Call the remaining capacity of the generator set to charge the energy storage, and the actual charging power is
[0017]
[0018] P 剩余 is the available standby capacity of the external power supply; SOC tar is the target SOC value; SOC is the current SOC value; E cap is the energy storage rated energy capacity; Δt is the planned charging time window; E cap =P sto ×duration;
[0019] Adopt multi-time scale collaborative control, set a day-ahead layer and a real-time layer to perform multi-time scale collaborative control to output a control strategy.
[0020] Further, the data collection step is specifically acquiring load and new energy output fluctuation data in the previous 4 hours.
[0021] Further, the calculation of the maximum wave power Q max (T) is specifically: Q max (T) = aT 2 +bT+c; wherein a, b, and c are coefficients of the binomial; T is the frequency modulation period; and the expected wave power Q EXP (T) is specifically: Q EXP (T) = dT 2 +eT+f; wherein d, e, and f are coefficients of the binomial.
[0022] Further, the evaluation period includes the response initial period, the climbing period, and the stable period.
[0023] The response initial period is 0-30 seconds: the frequency deviation suddenly increases, and the frequency change rate needs to be quickly suppressed; the energy storage action strategy is full power output, and the frequency deviation is preferentially responded; and the control target is to quickly suppress the frequency change rate.
[0024] The climbing period is 30 seconds-2 minutes: the frequency continuously deviates, and the frequency modulation capacity gap needs to be supplemented; the energy storage action strategy is on-demand output, and the power gap is supplemented in cooperation with the unit; and the control target is to reduce the frequency modulation mileage consumption.
[0025] The stable period is greater than 2 minutes: the frequency tends to be stable, and the traditional unit dominates the frequency modulation; the energy storage action strategy is to reduce power or exit, and the generator set takes over; and the control target is to avoid excessive action and protect the SOC.
[0026] Further, the non-evaluation period is an AGC evaluation requirement period, and the energy storage preferentially restores the SOC or participates in spot arbitrage; the energy storage action strategy is to lock the frequency modulation, and the charging and discharging are performed according to the preset SOC target; and the control target is to reserve capacity for the next frequency modulation period.
[0027] Further, the solution of the optimal frequency modulation period is specifically: setting the target: min[α·Qmax(T)+β·frequency modulation cost(T)]; Qmax(T) represents the maximum possible power fluctuation of the system; and α and β are preset weight coefficients; and the frequency modulation cost(T) includes the fixed cost and the variable cost;
[0028] Setting the constraint: T min ≤T≤T max ; T min is the minimum frequency modulation period allowed by the system; and T max is the maximum frequency modulation period allowed by the system.
[0029] Further, the day-ahead layer control is specifically setting the SOC target curve based on the electricity price and frequency regulation demand prediction; the real-time layer control is setting the 5-minute level: rolling correction of the SOC target, allocation of peak shaving / frequency regulation mode; setting the second level: responding to the AGC instruction, acting according to the time-of-use strategy.
[0030] Further, the target SOC value is 50%-60%.
[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:
[0032] The present application combines the time-of-use control strategy, sets the trigger time of the SOC active recovery mechanism of the energy storage power station, that is, when the system frequency is stable and the energy storage capacity is low, the technical strategy of calling the traditional power supply to charge the energy storage is called; the multi-time scale collaborative control is set to realize the day-ahead-real-time-second level three control; by applying the present application, the frequency regulation period is adaptively shortened to 5-15 seconds, the frequency deviation is reduced by 30%, the SOC recovery efficiency is improved by 40%, the optimal frequency regulation period is solved, the control strategy logic is modified, the actual system demand and economy are met, and the problem of rapid capacity loss is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description.
[0034] Figure 1 The flowchart of the method for the energy storage power station to participate in the power market operation control according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "linking" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0038] As Figure 1 shown, the energy storage power station participates in the operation control method of the power market, which comprises the following steps:
[0039] Data acquisition step: obtain the load and new energy output fluctuation data of the previous several hours;
[0040] Divide the time into evaluation period and non-evaluation period;
[0041] Fitting load fluctuation function, calculating maximum fluctuation and expected fluctuation;
[0042] Solving the optimal frequency modulation period according to the maximum fluctuation and the expected fluctuation;
[0043] In the non-evaluation period, the base point power is calculated by the time period electric quantity rolling control:
[0044]
[0045] Where t res is the remaining time of the period, η is the efficiency; P bs is the base point charging and discharging power, positive value discharging, negative value charging; SOC now is the current actual SOC value; SOC des is the target SOC value; P sto is the rated power capacity of the energy storage; 0.6 is the safety factor to avoid overcharging and overdischarging; when the SOC deviates from the target value, the charging and discharging lock is triggered to force the SOC to recover;
[0046] Establishing SOC active recovery mechanism;
[0047] Detecting SOC in the stable period: if SOC<40% and |Δf|<0.033Hz, trigger the recovery mode;
[0048] Calling the remaining capacity of the generator set to charge the energy storage, and the actual charging power is
[0049]
[0050] P剩余 SOC for external power available reserve capacity; SOC tar SOC for target SOC value; SOC for current SOC value; E cap E for energy storage rated energy capacity; Δt for planned charging time window; E cap = P sto × duration;
[0051] A multi-time scale collaborative control is adopted to set a day-ahead layer and a real-time layer to perform a multi-time scale collaborative control output control strategy.
[0052] The data acquisition step specifically acquires load and new energy output fluctuation data of the previous 4 hours.
[0053] The maximum wave power Q max (T) is specifically: Q max (T) = aT 2 +bT+c; wherein a, b, and c are coefficients of the binomial; T is a frequency modulation period; the expected wave power Q EXP (T) is specifically: Q EXP (T) = dT 2 +eT+f; wherein d, e, and f are coefficients of the binomial.
[0054] The examination period includes a response initial period, a climbing period, and a stable period:
[0055] The response initial period is 0-30 seconds: a frequency deviation sudden increase stage, which needs to quickly suppress the frequency change rate; the energy storage action strategy is full power output, and the frequency deviation is preferentially responded; the control target is to quickly suppress the frequency change rate;
[0056] The climbing period is 30 seconds-2 minutes: a frequency continuous deviation stage, which needs to supplement the frequency modulation capacity gap; the energy storage action strategy is on-demand output, and cooperates with the unit to fill the power gap; the control target is to reduce the frequency modulation mileage consumption;
[0057] The stable period is greater than 2 minutes: a frequency tends to be stable stage, which is dominated by the traditional unit frequency modulation; the energy storage action strategy is to reduce power or exit, which is taken over by the generator set; the control target is to avoid excessive action and protect the SOC.
[0058] The non-examination period is an AGC examination requirement period, and the energy storage preferentially restores the SOC or participates in spot arbitrage; the energy storage action strategy is to lock the frequency modulation, and charges and discharges according to the preset SOC target; the control target is to reserve capacity for the next frequency modulation period.
[0059] The optimal frequency modulation period is specifically solved: set the target: min[α·Qmax(T)+β·frequency modulation cost(T)]; Qmax(T) represents the maximum possible power fluctuation of the system; α and β are preset weight coefficients; the frequency modulation cost(T) includes fixed cost and variable cost;
[0060] Set constraints: T min ≤ T ≤ T max ; T min is the minimum frequency modulation period allowed by the system; T max is the maximum frequency modulation period allowed by the system.
[0061] Further, the day-ahead layer control is specifically to formulate an SOC target curve based on electricity price and frequency modulation demand prediction; the real-time layer control is to set a 5-minute level: to roll over and correct the SOC target, and to allocate peak shaving / frequency modulation modes; to set a second level: to respond to AGC instructions, and to act according to a time-sharing strategy.
[0062] The frequency modulation period is adaptively shortened to 5-15 seconds, the frequency deviation is reduced by 30%, and the SOC recovery efficiency is improved by 40%
[0063] The target SOC value is 50%-60%.
[0064] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for controlling the operation of an energy storage power station in the power market, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Data collection steps: Obtain load and renewable energy output fluctuation data for several hours; Divide the time into assessment period and non-assessment period; Fit the load fluctuation function and calculate the maximum fluctuation and expected fluctuation; Solve the optimal frequency modulation period according to the maximum fluctuation and expected fluctuation; During the non-assessment period, the base point power is calculated through rolling control of the time period power: where t res is the remaining time of the period, η is the efficiency; P bs Is the base charge and discharge power, positive value discharge, negative value charge; SOC now is the current actual SOC value; SOC des is the target SOC value; P sto is the rated power capacity of the energy storage; 0.6 is the safety factor to avoid overcharge and overdischarge; When the SOC deviates from the target value, the charge and discharge lock is triggered to force the SOC to recover; Establish an active SOC recovery mechanism; Detect SOC during the stable period: if SOC < 40% and |Δf| < 0.033Hz, trigger the recovery mode; The remaining capacity of the generator set is used to charge the energy storage, and the actual charging power is P 剩余 Available spare capacity for external power supply; SOC tar is the target SOC value; SOC is the current SOC value; E cap is the rated energy capacity of the energy storage; Δt is the planned charging time window; E cap =P sto × Duration; Multi-time scale collaborative control is adopted, and the day-ahead layer and real-time layer are set to perform multi-time scale collaborative control output control strategy.
2. The method for controlling the operation of an energy storage power station in the power market according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data collection step specifically involves obtaining load and renewable energy output fluctuation data for the preceding four hours.
3. The method for controlling the operation of an energy storage power station in the power market according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the maximum wave quantity Q max (T) specifically: Q max (T) = aT 2 +bT+c; where a, b, and c are the coefficients of the binomial respectively; T is the frequency modulation period; calculate the expected wave power Q EXP (T) specifically: Q EXP (T) = dT 2 +eT+f; where d, e, and f are the coefficients of the binomial respectively.
4. The method for controlling the operation of an energy storage power station in the power market according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assessment period includes the initial response period, the ramp-up period, and the stabilization period: The initial response period is 0-30 seconds: During the sudden increase in frequency deviation, the frequency change rate needs to be quickly suppressed. The energy storage action strategy is full power output, giving priority to responding to frequency deviations. The control goal is to quickly suppress the frequency change rate. The ramp-up period is 30 seconds to 2 minutes: During this phase of sustained frequency deviation, the frequency regulation capacity gap needs to be filled. The energy storage action strategy is to output on demand, collaborating with the unit to fill the power gap. The control goal is to reduce frequency regulation mileage consumption. Stability period is greater than 2 minutes: When the frequency tends to stabilize, the traditional units will take the lead in frequency regulation; the energy storage action strategy is to reduce power or exit, and the generator set will take over; the control goal is to avoid excessive action and protect the SOC.
5. The method for controlling the operation of an energy storage power station in the power market according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the non-assessment period when there are no AGC assessment requirements, energy storage will prioritize restoring SOC or participating in spot arbitrage; the energy storage action strategy is to lock frequency modulation, charging and discharging according to the preset SOC target; the control goal is to reserve capacity for the next frequency modulation cycle.
6. The method for controlling the operation of an energy storage power station in the power market according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optimal frequency modulation period is solved as follows: Set the target: min[α·Qmax(T)+β·frequency modulation cost(T)]; Qmax(T) represents the maximum possible power fluctuation of the system; α and β are preset weight coefficients; frequency modulation cost (T) includes fixed cost and variable cost; Set constraints: T min ≤T≤T max ;T min is the minimum frequency modulation period allowed by the system; T max The maximum frequency modulation period allowed by the system.
7. The method for controlling the operation of an energy storage power station in the power market according to claim 1, characterized in that: Day-ahead control involves developing an SOC target curve based on electricity price and frequency regulation demand forecasts. For real-time control, the 5-minute level is set to roll over the SOC target and allocate peak / frequency regulation modes. The second level is set to respond to AGC instructions and act according to time-slot strategies.
8. The method for controlling the operation of an energy storage power station participating in the electricity market according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target SOC value is 50%-60%.