Composition for preparing biological feed and preparation method of biological feed

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of feeds, and discloses a composition for preparing a biological feed and a preparation method of the biological feed. The composition comprises nutrient substances and probiotics, wherein the nutrient substances comprise a traditional Chinese medicine additive and a fiber raw material; wherein the fiber raw material is selected from at least one of straw, wet distillers' grains and waste mash centrifugate concentrate, and the traditional Chinese medicine additive is prepared from a mixed material of clove, sea-buckthorn, spina date seed, acanthopanax, ganoderma lucidum spore powder and schisandra chinensis. The biological feed prepared by adopting the composition provided by the invention is rich and comprehensive in nutritional value, has the advantages of improving the immunity of the beef cattle, increasing the feed intake, being free of antibiotics, green and pollution-free and the like, and can reduce the dosage of the biological feed under the condition of ensuring the normal growth of the beef cattle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of feed, in particular to a composition for preparing biological feed and a method for preparing biological feed. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the first generation of ethanol was formally applied to the market, the ethanol industry has developed rapidly and is widely used in energy, medical, defense industry, organic synthesis, food industry, and agricultural production. The main by-products of ethanol production, wet distiller's grains and centrifugal liquid concentrate, have become a new type of protein feed raw material widely used by domestic and foreign feed production enterprises due to their high protein content. Due to the high water content of wet distiller's grains and centrifugal liquid concentrate, they are generally not sold directly as products due to restrictions such as environmental temperature, storage conditions, transportation costs, etc. In China, wet distiller's grains and centrifugal liquid concentrate are usually processed into DDGS. This processing method not only consumes a large amount of energy, but also changes the nutritional structure of protein during drying, affecting the nutritional value of the by-products.

[0003] According to statistics, the corn planting area in China exceeded 400 million mu in 2019, of which 30% was concentrated in the northeast region. Corn stalks are the main by-products of corn crops. Jilin Province alone produces nearly 40 million tons of corn stalks annually, but the comprehensive utilization rate is less than 80%. A large amount of corn stalks are discarded or burned, causing serious resource waste and environmental pollution. At present, straw feed is the main way of comprehensive utilization of straw. Corn stalks are green / hay stored, which not only reduces environmental pollution but also alleviates the shortage of ruminant feed sources, and is suitable for herbivorous livestock such as cattle, sheep, and deer. However, due to the high content of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose in corn stalks and the low content of protein and minerals, corn stalks are still a low-nutrition roughage raw material. Even after green / hay storage, there are still problems of low digestibility and nutritional value.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a biological feed that is rich in nutritional value and has high digestibility. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the problems of low digestibility and nutritional value, poor palatability, and poor digestion and metabolism of single corn stalk green / hay stored feed in the prior art, and to provide a composition for preparing biological feed and a method for preparing biological feed. The biological feed is rich in nutritional value, has the advantages of improving the immunity of beef cattle, being free of antibiotics, being green and pollution-free, and has high digestibility. In the case of ensuring the normal growth of beef cattle, the amount of biological feed can be reduced.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a composition for preparing biological feed, comprising: nutrients and probiotics; wherein the nutrients comprise: traditional Chinese medicine additives and fiber raw materials;

[0007] The fiber raw materials are selected from at least one of straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrate concentrate, and the traditional Chinese medicine additives are prepared from a mixture comprising clove, sea buckthorn, Suanzaoren, Ciwujia, Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and Schisandra.

[0008] The present application provides a preparation method of biological feed, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1, inoculating probiotics into nutrients for first fermentation;

[0010] S2, compressing the material after the first fermentation in S1;

[0011] S3, second fermentation of the material in S2;

[0012] The nutrients comprise: traditional Chinese medicine additives and fiber raw materials;

[0013] The fiber raw materials are selected from at least one of straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrate concentrate, and the traditional Chinese medicine additives are prepared from a mixture comprising clove, sea buckthorn, Suanzaoren, Ciwujia, Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and Schisandra.

[0014] The present application provides a preparation method of biological feed, comprising the following steps:

[0015] The present application provides a preparation method of biological feed, comprising the following steps:

[0016] The fiber raw materials, traditional Chinese medicine additives and probiotics in the present application have good synergistic effect, and the addition of probiotics and traditional Chinese medicine additives can effectively improve the immunity of beef cattle, increase the feed intake, and is free of antibiotics and pollution-free.

[0017] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the wet alcohol dregs and waste centrate concentrate are used to provide protein and organic matter for the feed, and the moisture and nutrients provided by the wet alcohol dregs and / or waste centrate concentrate create a suitable living and working environment for the probiotics, which, in combination with the probiotics, can not only inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms and reduce the loss of nutrient components, but also reduce the content of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the mixed feed, and produce soluble sugar, unsaturated fatty acids and essential amino acids, so as to improve the digestibility of the feed and make the nutritional value of the feed more comprehensive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise values recited as the exact dimensions are not considered critical for the purposes of the application. The ranges should be interpreted as being inclusive of the recited values and the individual points within the ranges.

[0019] The first aspect of the application provides a composition for preparing biological feed, the composition comprising: nutrients and probiotics; wherein the nutrients comprise: traditional Chinese medicine additives and fiber raw materials;

[0020] The fiber raw materials are selected from at least one of straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste beer centrifugal liquid concentrate, and the traditional Chinese medicine additives are prepared from a mixture of cloves, sea buckthorn, hovenia dulcis, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and schisandra.

[0021] The fiber raw materials, traditional Chinese medicine additives and probiotics have a good synergistic effect, can effectively improve the immunity of beef cattle, increase the feed intake, and are free of antibiotics and green and pollution-free.

[0022] The application does not have special restrictions on the type of probiotics, which can be conventional probiotics used in feed in the art, preferably the probiotics comprise at least one of bacillus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria, more preferably the probiotics comprise bacillus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria.

[0023] According to the application, preferably, the yeast is selected from candida utilis and / or saccharomyces cerevisiae, preferably candida utilis, more preferably candida utilis with the number CICC 32722;

[0024] And / or, the bacillus is selected from bacillus licheniformis and / or bacillus subtilis, preferably bacillus subtilis, more preferably bacillus subtilis with the number CICC 10071;

[0025] And / or, the lactic acid bacteria are selected from lactobacillus and / or lactococcus, preferably lactobacillus, more preferably lactobacillus plantarum with the number CICC 21827.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the probiotics are a composite bacteria of bacillus subtilis with the number CICC 10071, candida utilis with the number CICC 32722 and lactobacillus plantarum with the number CICC 21827.

[0027] According to the application, preferably, the ratio of the viable bacterial count of bacillus and yeast in the probiotics is (1-1.5):1:(1-1.5).

[0028] The kind of the straw is not particularly limited in the present application, and can be various kinds of straw, for example, can be at least one of corn straw, sorghum straw and rice straw, and preferably corn straw.

[0029] In order to avoid seasonal effects and better obtain raw materials, the straw is selected to be dry straw, and preferably the water content of the straw is 4-16wt%.

[0030] In order to better utilize the nutrients in the straw, in the preferred case, the straw with a length of 2-7cm is used, and more preferably 3-5cm. The straw raw material can be crushed to obtain the straw with the desired length, and the crushing can be performed using conventional crushing methods and devices in the art, for example, the straw raw material can be rubbed and cut using a crusher.

[0031] The straw contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignocellulose and other substances, and in the preferred case, the content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignocellulose in the straw is 28-34wt%, 25-30wt% and 12-19wt% respectively.

[0032] According to the present application, the wet alcohol dregs and the waste mash centrifugal liquid concentrate can be conventional by-products in the field of alcohol production, and are derived from the waste mash of the alcohol fermentation production process. The wet alcohol dregs are solid-containing materials obtained by solid-liquid separation of the waste mash at the bottom of the crude column, and the waste mash centrifugal liquid concentrate is a concentrate obtained by concentrating the liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation of the waste mash at the bottom of the crude column.

[0033] The wet alcohol dregs and the centrifugal liquid concentrate used in the present application are obtained by separating the grains after alcohol fermentation, and contain a large amount of animal protein, amino acids, small peptides, vitamins and growth factors, which can effectively improve the nutritional value of the straw when added to the straw, and provide the necessary nutrients for the propagation of probiotics.

[0034] According to the present application, the wet alcohol dregs and the waste mash centrifugal liquid concentrate contain crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and the like, and in the preferred case, the content of crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber in the wet alcohol dregs is 8-13wt%, 0.5-7wt% and 2-8wt% respectively; and the content of crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber in the waste mash centrifugal liquid concentrate is 3-6wt%, 0.5-4wt% and 0.5-3.5wt% respectively.

[0035] In order to provide a more suitable living and working environment for probiotics and further improve the nutritional value of the biological feed, preferably, the weight ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine additive and the fiber raw material in the nutrient substance is (1-3):100.

[0036] In order to provide a more suitable living and working environment for the probiotics and further improve the nutritional value of the biological feed, preferably, when the fiber raw material is a mixture of straw and waste beer centrifugal liquid concentrate, the weight ratio of the straw and the waste beer centrifugal liquid concentrate in the fiber raw material is 1:(0.05-0.3);

[0037] Or, when the fiber raw material is a mixture of straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste beer centrifugal liquid concentrate, the weight ratio of the straw, the wet alcohol dregs and the waste beer centrifugal liquid concentrate in the fiber raw material is 1:(0.2-0.5):(0.3-1);

[0038] Or, when the fiber raw material is a mixture of straw, traditional Chinese medicine additives and wet alcohol dregs, the weight ratio of the straw and the wet alcohol dregs in the fiber raw material is 1:(0.4-0.6).

[0039] According to the present application, preferably, the fiber raw material is a mixture of straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste beer centrifugal liquid concentrate. The inventor found that when the fiber raw material is a mixture of straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste beer centrifugal liquid concentrate, the increase range of the beef cattle weight can be further improved.

[0040] According to the present application, preferably, in the composition, the total number of viable bacteria of the probiotics is (1-3)×10 6 cfu per 1g of the nutrient substance.

[0041] According to the present application, preferably, the weight ratio of clove, sea buckthorn, sour jujube kernel, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and schisandra in the mixture is 40:(5-8):(70-100):(30-50):(2-3):(50-70).

[0042] In order to make the nutritional value of the biological feed more comprehensive, preferably, the composition further comprises a calcium-containing substance, and the calcium-containing substance is preferably lime.

[0043] According to the present application, preferably, the weight ratio of calcium element and phosphorus element in the nutrient substance is (1-2):1.

[0044] The second aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of a biological feed, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1, inoculating probiotics into a nutrient substance to perform first fermentation;

[0046] S2, compressing the material after the first fermentation obtained in S1;

[0047] S3, performing second fermentation on the material obtained in S2;

[0048] The nutrient material comprises a traditional Chinese medicine additive and a fiber raw material;

[0049] The fiber raw material is selected from at least one of straw, wet alcohol vinasse and waste beer centrifugal liquid concentrate, and the traditional Chinese medicine additive is prepared from a mixture of fennel, sea buckthorn, Chinese date kernel, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and schisandra.

[0050] In the preparation method of the biological feed in the second aspect of the present application, the types and compositions of the probiotics and the nutrient material are the same as those of the probiotics and the nutrient material in the composition for preparing the biological feed in the first aspect of the present application, and the present application will not be described again in this second aspect to avoid repetition, and the person skilled in the art should not understand it as a limitation of the present application.

[0051] According to the present application, in S1, the inoculation method comprises: mixing each strain of the probiotics according to a certain viable count ratio, then expanding culture or expanding culture respectively, and then inoculating the expanded probiotic seed liquid into the nutrient material.

[0052] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the bacillus, the yeast and the lactic acid bacteria are expanded in LB culture medium, YEPD culture medium and MRS culture medium respectively, the obtained bacillus liquid, yeast liquid and lactic acid bacteria liquid are mixed according to a certain ratio to obtain a mixed liquid, and then the mixed liquid is inoculated into the nutrient material.

[0053] In the present application, the LB culture medium, the YEPD culture medium and the MRS culture medium are all conventional culture media in the art. Taking the volume of the LB culture medium as 1L, the LB culture medium comprises the following components by weight: 9-11g of tryptone, 4-6g of yeast extract and 9-11g of sodium chloride; taking the volume of the YEPD culture medium as 1L, the YEPD culture medium comprises the following components by weight: 9-11g of yeast powder, 19-21g of peptone and 19-21g of glucose; and taking the volume of the MRS culture medium as 1L, the MRS culture medium comprises the following components by weight: 9-11g of peptone, 4-6g of beef extract powder, 3-5g of yeast powder, 19-21g of glucose, 0.5-1.5g of Tween-80, 1-3g of potassium phosphate dibasic, 4-6g of sodium acetate, 1-3g of triammonium citrate, 0.1-0.3g of magnesium sulfate, and 0.04-0.06g of manganese sulfate.

[0054] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the temperature for expanding culture of the bacillus, the yeast and the lactic acid bacteria is independently 28-32℃, and the time for expanding culture is such that the viable count of the bacillus seed liquid, the yeast seed liquid and the lactic acid bacteria seed liquid is independently greater than or equal to 1×10 8 CFU / mL.

[0055] In a preferred case, the inoculation amount of the probiotic bacteria is such that the total viable count of the probiotic bacteria is (1-3) x 10 6 cfu per 1 g of the nutrient.

[0056] According to the present application, preferably, in S1, the conditions of the first fermentation include: temperature of 28-32℃, time of 72-168h.

[0057] In order to facilitate transportation, while excluding air and inhibiting the growth of miscellaneous bacteria, preferably, in S2, the compression conditions are such that the density of the compressed material is 100-230kg / m 3 .

[0058] According to the present application, preferably, in S2, the conditions of the second fermentation include: temperature of 28-32℃, time of 360-1080h.

[0059] According to the present application, preferably, the nutrient further comprises a calcium-containing substance, and the amount of the calcium-containing substance is such that the weight ratio of calcium element to phosphorus element in the nutrient is (1-2):1. In order to make the weight ratio of calcium element to phosphorus element in the nutrient meet the preferred condition, the addition amount of the calcium-containing substance is preferably 0.1-0.3wt% based on the total weight of the fiber raw material.

[0060] According to the present application, preferably, the pH value of the nutrient is 4-6. The pH value of the nutrient can be adjusted by adding an alkaline substance, and in a preferred case, the alkaline substance is ammonia water.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine additive comprises:

[0062] S1, mixing clove, sea buckthorn, jujube kernel, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder, schisandra chinensis and water to obtain a first traditional Chinese medicine mixture;

[0063] S2, first decocting the first traditional Chinese medicine mixture, and then performing solid-liquid separation on the material after the first decocting to obtain a first traditional Chinese medicine extract and a first traditional Chinese medicine residue, respectively;

[0064] S3, second mixing the first traditional Chinese medicine residue and water, and then second decocting the second traditional Chinese medicine mixture, and then separating a second traditional Chinese medicine extract from the material after the second decocting;

[0065] S4, mixing the second traditional Chinese medicine extract and the first traditional Chinese medicine extract and then boiling.

[0066] In the preferred case, in S1, the amount of water is such that the weight of water is 20-30 times the total weight of clove, sea buckthorn, Chinese milk vetch seed, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and schisandra.

[0067] In the preferred case, in S2, the time of the first decoction is such that the volume of liquid material in the material after the first decoction is 30-50% of the volume of water before the first decoction; the temperature of the first decoction is 90-100℃.

[0068] In the preferred case, in S3, the amount of water is such that the weight of water is 10-20 times the weight of the first traditional Chinese medicine filter residue; the time of the second decoction is such that the volume of liquid material in the material after the second decoction is 30-50% of the volume of water before the second decoction; the temperature of the second decoction is 90-100℃.

[0069] In the preferred case, in S4, the time of the decoction is such that the volume of the material liquid after the decoction is 30-50% of the total volume of the first traditional Chinese medicine extract and the second traditional Chinese medicine extract; the temperature of the decoction is 50-60℃.

[0070] In order to facilitate transportation, at the same time to exclude air, inhibit the growth of miscellaneous bacteria, preferably, the preparation method further comprises: bundling and packaging the compressed material obtained by compression. The bundling and packaging should ensure the stability of compression while keeping the compressed material isolated from the outside air.

[0071] According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, the preparation method of the biological feed comprises the following steps:

[0072] S1, corn stalks (the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignocellulose are 28-34wt%, 25-30wt% and 12-19wt% respectively) with a water content of 4-16wt% are crushed by a crusher to a length of 3-5cm;

[0073] S2, the crushed corn stalks, traditional Chinese medicine additives, wet alcohol vinasse (the contents of crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber are 8-13wt%, 0.5-7wt% and 2-8wt% respectively) and waste stillage centrifugal liquid concentrate (the contents of crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber are 3-6wt%, 0.5-4wt% and 0.5-3.5wt% respectively) are mixed; wherein the weight ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine additives to the total weight of the corn stalks, the wet alcohol vinasse and the waste stillage centrifugal liquid concentrate is (1-3):100; the weight ratio of the corn stalks, the wet alcohol vinasse and the waste stillage centrifugal liquid concentrate is 1:(0.2-0.5):(0.3-1);

[0074] S3, based on the total weight of the corn stalks, wet alcohol dregs and waste stillage centrifugal liquid concentrate, 0.1-0.3wt% of lime is added to make the weight ratio of calcium element and phosphorus element in the mixture (1-2):1; then ammonia water is added to adjust the pH value of the mixture to 4-6; then the probiotic seed liquid is inoculated into the mixture, and the inoculation amount is such that the total viable count of probiotics is (1-3)×10 6 cfu per 1g of nutrients (i.e. the total weight of corn stalks, Chinese medicine additives, wet alcohol dregs and waste stillage centrifugal liquid concentrate is 1g);

[0075] S4, the mixture inoculated with probiotics is subjected to the first fermentation at a temperature of 28-32℃ for 72-168h;

[0076] S5, the mixture after the first fermentation is compressed by a briquetting machine to make the density of the compressed mixture 100-230kg / m 3 ; then the compressed mixture is baled and packaged, and the compressed mixture is kept isolated from the outside air during baling and packaging;

[0077] S6, the baled and packaged mixture is subjected to the second fermentation at a temperature of 28-32℃ for 360-1080h to obtain the biological feed.

[0078] The third aspect of the present application provides a biological feed prepared by the preparation method.

[0079] The present application will be described in detail below through examples and comparative examples. In the following examples, if not otherwise specified, all are conventional methods; and the reagents and materials used, if not otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial channels.

[0080] Preparation Example

[0081] This preparation example is used to illustrate the preparation method of the Chinese medicine additives.

[0082] S1, clove, sea buckthorn, jujube kernel, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and schisandra are soaked in water for 2min, and the amount of water is 25 times the total weight of clove, sea buckthorn, jujube kernel, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and schisandra, to obtain a first Chinese medicine mixture;

[0083] S2, the first Chinese medicine mixture is subjected to the first decoction at 90℃, and the decoction time is such that the volume of the liquid phase material in the mixture after the first decoction is 50% of the volume of the water before the first decoction, and then filtration is performed to obtain the first Chinese medicine extract and the first Chinese medicine residue;

[0084] S3, adding the first traditional Chinese medicine filter residue into water and performing second decoction at 90℃, the water amount is 20 times of the weight of the first traditional Chinese medicine filter residue, the decoction time is to make the volume of the liquid phase material in the material after the second decoction be 50% of the volume of the water before the second decoction, filtering again to separate the second traditional Chinese medicine extract;

[0085] S4, mixing the second traditional Chinese medicine extract and the first traditional Chinese medicine extract and performing decocting at 60℃, the decocting time is to make the volume of the material liquid after decocting be 50% of the total volume of the first traditional Chinese medicine extract and the second traditional Chinese medicine extract.

[0086] The following examples are used to illustrate the preparation method of the biological rough forage for beef cattle breeding.

[0087] Example 1

[0088] The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine additive is as follows: the weight ratio of clove, sea buckthorn, Suanzaoren, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and Schisandra chinensis is 40:6:80:40:2:60, and the traditional Chinese medicine additive is prepared according to the method in the preparation example.

[0089] The preparation method of the probiotic seed liquid is as follows: Bacillus subtilis (numbered CICC 10071, purchased from China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center), Candida utilis (numbered CICC 32722, purchased from China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center) and Lactobacillus plantarum (numbered CICC 21827, purchased from China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center) are respectively expanded in LB medium, YEPD medium and MRS medium at a temperature of 30℃, so that the viable bacterial count of Bacillus subtilis seed liquid, Candida utilis seed liquid and Lactobacillus plantarum seed liquid is 1×10 9 CFU / mL, and the three kinds of cultured seed liquids are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a mixed bacteria liquid; wherein,

[0090] The LB medium contains the following components by weight: 10g of tryptone, 5g of yeast extract and 10g of sodium chloride, with the volume of the LB medium being 1L.

[0091] The YEPD medium contains the following components by weight: 10g of yeast powder, 20g of proteose peptone and 20g of glucose, with the volume of the YEPD medium being 1L.

[0092] The MRS medium contains the following components by weight: 10g of proteose peptone, 5g of beef extract powder, 4g of yeast powder, 20g of glucose, 1g of Tween-80, 2g of potassium phosphate, 5g of sodium acetate, 2g of triammonium citrate, 0.2g of magnesium sulfate and 0.05g of manganese sulfate, with the volume of the MRS medium being 1L.

[0093] S1, corn straw (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignocellulose content of 30wt%, 27wt% and 17wt% respectively) with water content of 8wt% is crushed by a crusher to a length of 3cm;

[0094] S2, the crushed corn straw, traditional Chinese medicine additives, wet alcohol dregs (crude protein, crude fat, and crude fiber content of 9wt%, 2wt% and 4wt% respectively) and waste slurry centrifugal liquid concentrate (crude protein, crude fat, and crude fiber content of 3wt%, 1wt% and 2wt% respectively) are mixed; the weight ratio of traditional Chinese medicine additives to the total weight of corn straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste slurry centrifugal liquid concentrate is 1:100, and the weight ratio of corn straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste slurry centrifugal liquid concentrate is 1:0.3:0.3;

[0095] S3, based on the total weight of corn straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste slurry centrifugal liquid concentrate, 0.25wt% of lime is added to make the weight ratio of calcium element and phosphorus element in the mixture 1.3:1; then ammonia water is added to adjust the pH value of the mixture to 5.5; then the probiotic seed liquid is inoculated into the material, and the inoculation amount is such that the total viable count of probiotics is 2x10 6 cfu per 1g of nutrient substance (i.e. the total weight of corn straw, traditional Chinese medicine additives, wet alcohol dregs and waste slurry centrifugal liquid concentrate is 1g);

[0096] S4, the material inoculated with probiotics is put into a pit, and the first fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 30℃ for 120h;

[0097] S5, the material after the first fermentation is compressed by a briquetting machine so that the density of the compressed material is 190kg / m 3 ; then the compressed material is tied and packaged, and the compressed material is kept isolated from the outside air during tying and packaging;

[0098] S6, the tied and packaged material is stacked into a warehouse and the second fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 30℃ for 720h to obtain biological roughage for beef cattle breeding.

[0099] Example 2

[0100] The probiotic seed liquid is prepared according to the method of Example 1.

[0101] The preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine additives: the weight ratio of clove, sea buckthorn, jujube kernel, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and schisandra chinensis is 40:5:70:30:2:50, and the traditional Chinese medicine additives are prepared according to the method in the preparation example.

[0102] S1, corn straw (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignocellulose content of 30wt%, 27wt% and 17wt% respectively) with water content of 8wt% is crushed by a crusher to a length of 3cm;

[0103] S2, the crushed corn straw, traditional Chinese medicine additives, wet alcohol dregs (crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber content of 9wt%, 2wt% and 4wt% respectively) and waste slurry centrifugal liquid concentrate (crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber content of 3wt%, 1wt% and 2wt% respectively) are mixed; the weight ratio of traditional Chinese medicine additives to the total weight of corn straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste slurry centrifugal liquid concentrate is 2:100, and the weight ratio of corn straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste slurry centrifugal liquid concentrate is 1:0.3:0.3;

[0104] S3, based on the total weight of corn straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste slurry centrifugal liquid concentrate, 0.25wt% of lime is added to make the weight ratio of calcium element and phosphorus element in the mixture 1.3:1; then ammonia water is added to adjust the pH value of the mixture to 5.5; then the probiotic seed liquid is inoculated into the material, and the inoculation amount is such that the total viable count of probiotics is 2x10 6 cfu per 1g of nutrient substance (i.e. the total weight of corn straw, traditional Chinese medicine additives, wet alcohol dregs and waste slurry centrifugal liquid concentrate is 1g);

[0105] S4, the material inoculated with probiotics is put into a pit, and the first fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 32℃ for 120h;

[0106] S5, the material after the first fermentation is compressed by a briquetting machine so that the density of the compressed material is 190kg / m 3 ; then the compressed material is tied and packaged, and the compressed material is kept isolated from the outside air during tying and packaging;

[0107] S6, the tied and packaged material is stacked into a warehouse and the second fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 32℃ for 720h to obtain biological roughage for beef cattle breeding.

[0108] Example 3

[0109] The probiotic seed liquid is prepared according to the method of Example 1.

[0110] The preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine additives: the weight ratio of clove, sea buckthorn, jujube kernel, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and schisandra chinensis is 40:8:100:50:3:70, and the traditional Chinese medicine additives are prepared according to the method in the preparation example.

[0111] S1, corn stalks (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignocellulose contents are 30wt%, 27wt% and 17wt% respectively) with a water content of 12wt% are crushed by a crusher to a length of 3cm;

[0112] S2, the crushed corn stalks, traditional Chinese medicine additives, wet alcohol dregs (crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber contents are 9wt%, 2wt% and 4wt% respectively) and waste centrate concentrate (crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber contents are 3wt%, 1wt% and 2wt% respectively) are mixed; the weight ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine additives to the total weight of the corn stalks, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrate concentrate is 3:100, and the weight ratio of the corn stalks, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrate concentrate is 1:0.3:0.3;

[0113] S3, based on the total weight of the corn stalks, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrate concentrate, 0.25wt% of lime is added to make the weight ratio of calcium element to phosphorus element in the mixture 1.3:1; then ammonia water is added to adjust the pH value of the mixture to 5.5; then the probiotic seed liquid is inoculated into the mixture, and the inoculation amount is such that the total viable count of probiotics is 2x10 6 cfu per 1g of nutrients (i.e. the total weight of the corn stalks, traditional Chinese medicine additives, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrate concentrate is 1g);

[0114] S4, the mixture inoculated with probiotics is put into a pit, and the first fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 30℃ for 120h;

[0115] S5, the mixture after the first fermentation is compressed by a briquetting machine so that the density of the compressed mixture is 190kg / m 3 ; then the compressed mixture is tied and packaged, and the compressed mixture is kept isolated from the outside air during the tying and packaging;

[0116] S6, the tied and packaged mixture is stacked in a warehouse, and the second fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 30℃ for 720h to obtain the biological roughage for beef cattle breeding.

[0117] Example 4

[0118] The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding is prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the source of Candida utilis is different. Specifically, “Candida utilis (numbered CICC 1769, purchased from China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center)” is used to replace “Candida utilis (numbered CICC 32722, purchased from China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center)”. The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding is obtained.

[0119] Example 5

[0120] The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that "Lactobacillus plantarum (No. CICC 22220, purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center)" was used to replace "Lactobacillus plantarum (No. CICC 21827, purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center)". The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding was obtained.

[0121] Example 6

[0122] The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that "Bacillus licheniformis (No. CICC 10108, purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center)" was used to replace "Bacillus subtilis (No. CICC 10071, purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center)". The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding was obtained.

[0123] Example 7

[0124] The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that different yeast was selected. Specifically, "Saccharomyces cerevisiae (No. CICC 32883, purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center)" was used to replace "Candida utilis (No. CICC 32722, purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center)". The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding was obtained.

[0125] Example 8

[0126] The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that "Lactobacillus acidophilus (No. CICC 6091, purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center)" was used to replace "Lactobacillus plantarum (No. CICC 21827, purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center)". The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding was obtained.

[0127] Example 9

[0128] The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that in S2, "the weight ratio of corn stalks, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrifugal liquid concentrate was 1:0.1:0.2" was replaced by "the weight ratio of corn stalks, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrifugal liquid concentrate was 1:0.3:0.3". The biological roughage for beef cattle breeding was obtained.

[0129] Example 10

[0130] The bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that in S2, the ratio of the weight of the traditional Chinese medicine additive to the total weight of the corn stalks, wet alcohol vinasse and waste centrifugal liquid concentrate was 1:400 instead of 1:100. The bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding was obtained.

[0131] Example 11

[0132] The bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that in preparing the traditional Chinese medicine additive, the weight ratio of clove, sea buckthorn, Suanzaoren, Ciwujia, Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and Schisandra chinensis was 10:6:50:40:2:30 instead of 40:6:80:40:2:60. The bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding was obtained.

[0133] Comparative Example 1

[0134] Only corn stalks with a water content of 8wt% (the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignocellulose were 30wt%, 27wt% and 17wt% respectively) were used as the bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding.

[0135] Comparative Example 2

[0136] The bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that no traditional Chinese medicine additive was added in preparing the bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding. The bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding was obtained.

[0137] Comparative Example 3

[0138] The bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that in preparing the traditional Chinese medicine additive, Ganoderma lucidum spore powder was replaced by an equal weight of Schisandra chinensis. The bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding was obtained.

[0139] Comparative Example 4

[0140] The bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that in preparing the traditional Chinese medicine additive, sea buckthorn was replaced by an equal weight of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. The bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding was obtained.

[0141] Test Example

[0142] The bio-roughage for beef cattle breeding prepared in each of the examples and comparative examples was subjected to a 60-day beef cattle feeding experiment, and the beef cattle feeding conditions were recorded in time, and the beef cattle weight and body condition at the beginning and end of the experiment were recorded. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0143] Table 1

[0144]

[0145] Note: Body type range from 1 (thin) to 9 (obese)

[0146] As can be seen from the results of Table 1, the beef cattle breeding biological roughage provided by the present application has a significant effect on the body type growth of beef cattle. The beef cattle breeding biological roughage of Comparative Example 1 is corn stalks, the beef cattle breeding biological roughage of Comparative Example 2 is prepared without adding traditional Chinese medicine additives, the traditional Chinese medicine additives of Comparative Example 3 is prepared by replacing ganoderma spore powder with equal weight of schisandra chinensis, and the traditional Chinese medicine additives of Comparative Example 4 is prepared by replacing hippophae rhamnoides with equal weight of atractylodes lancea. Compared with Examples 1-11, the body type growth of beef cattle is significantly reduced, and the feed to meat ratio is high.

[0147] In addition, the source of Candida utilis is changed in Example 4, the source of Lactobacillus plantarum is changed in Example 5, Bacillus licheniformis is used to replace Bacillus subtilis in Example 6, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used to replace Candida utilis in Example 7, Lactobacillus acidophilus is used to replace Lactobacillus plantarum in Example 8, the weight ratio of corn stalks, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrate concentrate in the fiber raw material is changed in Example 9, the weight ratio of traditional Chinese medicine additives and fiber raw material is changed in Example 10, and the proportion of each traditional Chinese medicine component in the preparation of traditional Chinese medicine additives is changed in Example 11. Compared with Example 1, the body type growth of beef cattle is reduced. Therefore, when the types and sources of each strain in probiotics, the weight ratio of each component in the fiber raw material, the weight ratio of traditional Chinese medicine additives and fiber raw material, and the weight ratio of each traditional Chinese medicine component in the preparation of traditional Chinese medicine additives meet the preferred conditions, the nutritional value of the biological feed can be further improved, thereby further improving the body type growth of beef cattle and further reducing the feed to meat ratio.

[0148] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, but the present application is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present application, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner. These simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as disclosed by the present application and fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A composition for preparing a bio-feed, characterized in that, The composition comprises: nutrients and probiotics; wherein the nutrients comprise: traditional Chinese medicine additives and fiber raw materials; The fiber raw materials are selected from at least one of straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrifugal liquid concentrate of beer waste, and the traditional Chinese medicine additives are prepared from a mixture of clove, sea buckthorn, jujube kernel, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and schisandra.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein, The probiotics comprise at least one of bacillus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria, preferably bacillus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria; Preferably, the yeast is selected from candida utilis and / or saccharomyces cerevisiae, preferably candida utilis, and more preferably candida utilis with the number CICC 32722; And / or, the bacillus is selected from bacillus licheniformis and / or bacillus subtilis, preferably bacillus subtilis, and more preferably bacillus subtilis with the number CICC 10071; And / or, the lactic acid bacteria are selected from lactobacillus and / or lactococcus, preferably lactobacillus, and more preferably lactobacillus plantarum with the number CICC 21827.

3. The composition of claim 2, wherein, The probiotics are a complex of bacillus subtilis with the number CICC 10071, candida utilis with the number CICC 32722 and lactobacillus plantarum with the number CICC 21827; Preferably, the ratio of the viable counts of bacillus, yeast and lactobacillus in the probiotics is (1-1.5):1:(1-1.5).

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, In the nutrients, the weight ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine additives to the fiber raw materials is (1-3):100; Preferably, when the fiber raw materials are a mixture of straw and waste centrifugal liquid concentrate of beer waste, the weight ratio of the straw to the waste centrifugal liquid concentrate in the fiber raw materials is 1:(0.05-0.3); Or, when the fiber raw materials are a mixture of straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrifugal liquid concentrate of beer waste, the weight ratio of the straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrifugal liquid concentrate in the fiber raw materials is 1:(0.2-0.5):(0.3-1); Or, when the fiber raw materials are a mixture of straw and wet alcohol dregs, the weight ratio of the straw to the wet alcohol dregs in the fiber raw materials is 1:(0.4-0.6); Preferably, the fiber raw materials are a mixture of straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste centrifugal liquid concentrate of beer waste; Preferably, in said composition, the total number of viable bacteria of probiotic bacteria is (1-3) x 10 6 cfu per 1 g of nutrients. Preferably, in said composition, the total number of viable bacteria of probiotic bacteria is (1-3) x 10 6 cfu per 1 g of nutrients.

5. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The weight ratio of clove, sea buckthorn, jujube kernel, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and schisandra in the mixture is 40:(5-8):(70-100):(30-50):(2-3):(50-70).

6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The composition further comprises calcium-containing substances; Preferably, the weight ratio of calcium to phosphorus in the nutrients is (1-2):

1.

7. A method for producing a biological feed, characterized by, The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, inoculating probiotics into nutrients for the first fermentation; S2, compressing the material after the first fermentation in S1; S3, performing the second fermentation on the material in S2; The nutrients comprise: traditional Chinese medicine additives and fiber raw materials; The fiber raw material is selected from at least one of straw, wet alcohol dregs and waste mash centrifugal liquid concentrate, and the traditional Chinese medicine additive is prepared from a mixture of cloves, sea buckthorn, Chinese date kernel, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder and schisandra chinensis.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that In S1, the inoculation amount of the probiotic bacteria is such that the total number of viable bacteria of the probiotic bacteria is (1-3)xlO 6 cfu relative to 1 g of the nutrient substance. In S1, the inoculation amount of the probiotic bacteria is such that the total number of viable bacteria of the probiotic bacteria is (1-3)xlO 6 cfu relative to Preferably, in S1, the conditions of the first fermentation include: temperature of 28-32℃, time of 72-168h. Preferably, in S2, the conditions of compression are such that the density of the compressed material is between 100 and 230 kg / m3 3 ; Preferably, in S2, the conditions of the second fermentation include: temperature of 28-32℃, time of 360-1080h.

9. The production method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by, The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine additive comprises: S1, mixing cloves, sea buckthorn, Chinese date kernel, acanthopanax, ganoderma spore powder, schisandra chinensis and water for the first time to obtain a first traditional Chinese medicine mixture; S2, first decocting the first traditional Chinese medicine mixture, and then performing solid-liquid separation on the material after the first decoction to obtain a first traditional Chinese medicine extract and a first traditional Chinese medicine residue, respectively; S3, second mixing the first traditional Chinese medicine residue and water, second decocting the second traditional Chinese medicine mixture, and then separating a second traditional Chinese medicine extract from the material after the second decoction; S4, mixing the second traditional Chinese medicine extract and the first traditional Chinese medicine extract and then boiling the mixture.

10. A biological feed prepared by the preparation method in any one of claims 7-9.

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