Forming device and method for forging and pressing metal forgings

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal forge piece forging and pressing, and particularly discloses a metal forge piece forging and pressing forming device which comprises a box body, a supporting table is connected to one side of the upper end of the box body, supporting columns are connected to the upper end of the supporting table, a top plate is connected to the upper ends of the supporting columns, and a hydraulic cylinder is connected to the middle of the upper end of the top plate. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates and extends to the lower end of the top plate and is connected with a lower pressing plate, the lower pressing plate slides on the outer walls of the multiple supporting columns, and openings are formed in the positions, corresponding to the multiple supporting columns, of the lower pressing plate. Through separated lubrication of the cleaning mechanism, the spraying mechanism and the lower die, the effects of replacing manual operation and guaranteeing cleaning and lubrication of the core rod and the lower die are achieved, and the forming quality and the production efficiency of the aluminum alloy deep-hole forge piece are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal forging technology, and specifically discloses a forming device and method for forging metal forging. Background Art

[0002] In high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace and automotive parts, aluminum alloys, with their low density, high strength, and corrosion resistance, have become the core raw material for deep-hole structural parts (such as engine cylinder liners and hydraulic valve sleeves). These aluminum alloy deep-hole forgings typically require high hole diameter precision and need to be formed in conjunction with a dedicated forging die and mandrel. That is, the lower die cavity defines the shape of the forging's outer wall, and the mandrel is inserted into the blank to extrude the deep-hole structure, ultimately obtaining a deep-hole forging that meets the dimensional requirements. With the surge in demand for aluminum alloy deep-hole parts from high-end equipment, the automation and precision requirements of the forging process are constantly increasing. The lubrication effect of the mandrel and the lower die directly affects the forging quality and production efficiency, becoming a key factor restricting process upgrades.

[0003] In the current deep-hole forging process of aluminum alloys, there are significant technical challenges in the lubrication of the mandrel and the lower die. On the one hand, under the high-temperature forging environment, metal debris and oxide scale from the aluminum alloy billet easily adhere to the outer wall of the mandrel. If not cleaned in time, this can not only scratch the inner wall of the deep hole of the forging but also cause the mandrel to stick to the forging. In severe cases, it is necessary to stop the machine for disassembly, which greatly reduces production efficiency. On the other hand, to avoid sticking, both the outer wall of the mandrel and the inner wall of the lower die need to be sprayed with a special silicone-based lubricant before each forging. However, the existing operation method has obvious defects. Applying lubricant to the cavity inside the lower die is extremely inconvenient, and it is difficult for manual personnel to penetrate deep into the cavity to achieve uniform coverage. Furthermore, the lubrication of the outer wall of the mandrel relies on manual application with a handheld spray gun or rag. This is not only inefficient but also affected by the operator's experience, resulting in uneven lubricant thickness (too thick in some areas can cause air bubbles in the forging, while too thin a thickness will not achieve the anti-sticking effect). At the same time, manual operation also poses a safety hazard of high-temperature burns and is difficult to adapt to the needs of large-scale and automated production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the background art, and to propose a forming device for forging metal forgings, including a box body, a support platform connected to one side of the upper end of the box body, support columns connected to the upper end of each support platform, a top plate connected to the upper end of a plurality of support columns, a hydraulic cylinder connected to the middle of the upper end of the top plate, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder extending through to the lower end of the top plate and connected to a lower pressure plate, the lower pressure plate sliding on the outer wall of the plurality of support columns, the lower pressure plate having openings corresponding to the plurality of support columns, the plurality of support columns being located inside the openings, a mandrel connected to the middle of the lower end of the lower pressure plate, and a lower die mechanism connected to the upper end of the support platform; A connecting platform is connected to one side of the support platform. The height of the connecting platform is adapted to the height of the support platform. The lower end of the connecting platform is connected to one side of the upper end of the box. A support plate is connected to one side of the upper end of the connecting platform. A second cylinder is connected to the upper part of one side of the support plate. A spraying mechanism is connected to one end of the second cylinder. The spraying mechanism includes a liquid storage tank. A frame is connected to one side of the upper end of the liquid storage tank. A cleaning mechanism is slidably connected to one side of the frame.

[0005] Preferably, the lower mold mechanism includes a connecting plate, the lower end of which is connected to the upper end of the support platform via a support block. A connecting ring is connected to the middle of the upper end of the connecting plate, and a first through hole is formed in the middle of the upper end of the connecting plate. The diameter of the first through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting ring. Top rods are connected to both sides of the lower end of the inner wall of the box. A slide is connected to the upper end of the two top rods. A slide groove is formed in the middle of the upper end of the slide. A first cylinder is connected to the middle of both sides of the slide. The output ends of the two first cylinders pass through the slide and extend into the slide groove. The output ends of the two first cylinders are connected to the lower mold body. The two lower mold bodies are symmetrically arranged.

[0006] Preferably, the lower ends of both lower mold bodies slide inside the sliding groove. The support platform and the upper end of the box are provided with second through holes corresponding to the two lower mold bodies. The two lower mold bodies are located inside the second through holes. A sliding rod is connected to the upper part of one side of each of the two lower mold bodies. The support platform is provided with connecting grooves corresponding to the two sliding rods. The two sliding rods are located inside the two connecting grooves respectively.

[0007] Preferably, a first electric telescopic rod is connected below the slide table. The lower end of the first electric telescopic rod is connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the box. The output end of the first electric telescopic rod extends through to the upper end of the slide table. A push block is connected to the output end of the first electric telescopic rod. A placement groove is opened at the upper end of the slide table corresponding to the push block. The push block is located inside the placement groove. A liquid collecting cylinder is connected to the outer wall of the first electric telescopic rod. The liquid collecting cylinder is arranged in a ring shape. The lower end of the liquid collecting cylinder is connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the box. Guide grooves are evenly opened at the upper end of the slide table.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting motor is connected to the lower middle part of the inner wall of the frame, a lead screw is connected to the output end of the connecting motor, a moving block is threaded to the lower part of the outer wall of the lead screw, the moving block slides on the outer wall of the lead screw, and one end of the moving block extends through to one side of the frame.

[0009] Preferably, a collection cylinder is connected to the lower part of one side of the frame. The collection cylinder is circular in shape. A guide block is connected to the upper end of the collection cylinder. The guide block is inverted V-shaped. A second electric telescopic rod is connected to the middle of the lower end of the guide block. A fixed pipe is connected to the lower end of the second electric telescopic rod. The fixed pipe is arc-shaped. A second nozzle is connected to the lower part of the outer wall of the fixed pipe. A liquid pump is connected to one side of the lower end of the inner wall of the liquid storage tank. A delivery pipe is connected to the output end of the liquid pump. One end of the delivery pipe extends through to one side of the liquid storage tank. A first infusion pipe is connected to one end of the delivery pipe. One end of the first infusion pipe is connected to the upper end of the fixed pipe. A guide block is connected to one side of the lower end of the collection cylinder. A guide opening is opened in the middle of one side of the guide block. One end of the first infusion pipe is located inside the guide opening. A first infusion valve is connected to one side of the outer wall of the first infusion pipe. One end of the first infusion pipe is flexible. A second infusion pipe is connected to the upper end of the delivery pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a housing, one side of which is connected to one side of the movable block. A mounting ring is connected to one side of the housing. A drive motor is connected to the upper end of the inner wall of the housing. A gear is connected to the output end of the drive motor. One end of the gear extends through to one side of the mounting ring. A connection port is provided on the mounting ring corresponding to the gear. One side of the gear is located inside the connection port. A toothed ring is meshed with one side of the gear. A rotating ring is connected to the inner wall of the toothed ring. Scrapers are connected to the upper parts of both sides of the inner wall of the rotating ring. One side of the two scrapers is arranged in a V-shape. Wire brushes are connected to the lower parts of both sides of the inner wall of the rotating ring.

[0011] Preferably, the upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the rotating ring are connected to stabilizing rods, and the inner wall of the mounting ring is provided with stabilizing grooves corresponding to multiple stabilizing rods. Several of the stabilizing rods slide inside two stabilizing grooves respectively. The upper part of the inner wall of the mounting ring is connected to a connecting pipe, and the inner wall of the connecting pipe is circumferentially connected to a first nozzle. One side of the upper end of the connecting pipe is connected to one end of a second infusion pipe. The lower end of the second infusion pipe passes through the moving block, the housing and the collecting cylinder in sequence and extends to the bottom of the collecting cylinder. The lower end of the second infusion pipe is set in the shape of a flexible tube.

[0012] A forming method for forging metal forgings, comprising the following usage methods: S1: By placing the preheated forging into the lower die mechanism, the forging is located inside the lower die mechanism. The lower pressure plate is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to slide on the outer wall of multiple support columns. When the lower pressure plate presses down, it drives the mandrel to move downward. The lower end of the mandrel is inserted into the lower die mechanism, and the mandrel extrudes and forges the forging inside the lower die mechanism. S2: After forging, the lower pressure plate and mandrel are moved upward by the hydraulic cylinder, so that the mandrel is away from the forging. When the mandrel moves to the top, the second cylinder pushes the liquid storage tank, frame, spraying mechanism and cleaning mechanism to move downward to the mandrel. The cleaning mechanism is located directly below the mandrel and the spraying mechanism is located directly above the lower die mechanism. S3: The cleaning mechanism cleans the outer wall of the mandrel and sprays lubricant, while the spraying mechanism sprays lubricant onto the inner wall of the lower mold mechanism.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Compared to the traditional method of manually applying lubricant to the outer wall of the mandrel and manually applying it deep into the cavity of the lower mold, the cleaning and spraying mechanisms significantly reduce manual intervention and avoid the risk of burns from contact between operators and the high-temperature mandrel and mold. At the same time, it reduces problems such as uneven lubrication and incomplete cleaning caused by manual operation, adapts to the needs of large-scale production, and significantly improves production efficiency.

[0014] The cleaning mechanism uses a combination of V-shaped scrapers and wire brushes, driven by a motor to rotate the ring at high speed. The V-shaped scrapers first remove large aluminum alloy debris and oxide scale from the outer wall of the mandrel, and then the wire brushes perform a fine cleaning of the mandrel surface to ensure that there are no impurities left on the outer wall of the mandrel. After the cleaning mechanism rises to the top of the mandrel, it is driven downward in the opposite direction by the lead screw, and the first nozzle sprays lubricating fluid simultaneously, which can form a continuous and uniform lubricating film along the outer wall of the mandrel. This avoids the problems of excessively thick local application leading to air bubbles in the forging and excessively thin local application leading to adhesion, which are common with traditional manual methods. At the same time, the debris generated during the mandrel cleaning is guided to the collection cylinder by an inverted V-shaped guide block for centralized collection, preventing debris from falling into the lower mold cavity and affecting the roughness of the inner wall of the forging. This effectively ensures the hole diameter accuracy and inner wall smoothness of the aluminum alloy deep hole forging.

[0015] The first cylinder drives the two lower mold bodies to separate, and the second electric telescopic rod drives the arc-shaped fixed tube to descend to a suitable height. The second nozzle can penetrate into the separation gap of the lower mold to spray lubricant onto the inner wall of the cavity, solving the problem of traditional manual application which is difficult to penetrate into the lower mold for even application. In addition, the guide channel can guide excess lubricant to the annular collection cylinder for recycling, which not only reduces lubricant waste and production costs, but also prevents excess liquid from flowing out and contaminating equipment parts, thus extending the overall service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the mandrel, cleaning mechanism and spraying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lower mold mechanism, spraying mechanism and cleaning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the collecting cylinder, the guiding block, and the second electric telescopic rod of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for opening the flow guide channel of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing connection structure between the gear and the gear ring of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the mounting ring and multiple stabilizer bars of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the mounting ring, toothed ring, scraper and wire brush of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Box body; 2. Support platform; 3. Support column; 4. Top plate; 5. Hydraulic cylinder; 6. Lower pressure plate; 7. Core rod; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Connecting ring; 10. Push rod; 11. Slide table; 12. First cylinder; 13. Lower mold body; 14. First electric telescopic rod; 15. Push block; 16. Liquid collection cylinder; 17. Guide channel; 18. Connecting platform; 19. Support plate; 20. Second cylinder; 21. Liquid storage tank; 22. Frame; 23. Collection cylinder; 24. Connecting motor; 5. Lead screw; 26. Moving block; 27. Housing; 28. Mounting ring; 29. ​​Drive motor; 30. Gear; 31. Gear ring; 32. Rotating ring; 33. Scraper; 34. Wire brush; 35. Stabilizing rod; 36. Connecting pipe; 37. First nozzle; 38. Guide block; 39. Second electric telescopic rod; 40. Fixed pipe; 41. Second nozzle; 42. Liquid pump; 43. Delivery pipe; 44. First delivery pipe; 45. Second delivery pipe; 46. Guide block; 47. Guide port. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] like Figures 1-8The forging apparatus for metal forgings shown includes a housing 1. A support platform 2 is connected to one side of the upper end of the housing 1. Support columns 3 are connected to the upper ends of the support platforms 2. A top plate 4 is connected to the upper ends of the support columns 3. A hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the middle of the upper end of the top plate 4. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 extends through to the lower end of the top plate 4 and is connected to a lower pressure plate 6. The lower pressure plate 6 slides on the outer wall of the support columns 3. Openings are provided on the lower pressure plate 6 corresponding to the support columns 3. The support columns 3 are located inside the openings. A mandrel 7 is connected to the middle of the lower end of the lower pressure plate 6. The lower mold mechanism is connected to the end, and the lower mold mechanism is used to install the two lower mold bodies 13. A connecting platform 18 is connected to one side of the support platform 2. The height of the connecting platform 18 is adapted to the height of the support platform 2. The lower end of the connecting platform 18 is connected to one side of the upper end of the box body 1. A support plate 19 is connected to one side of the upper end of the connecting platform 18. A second cylinder 20 is connected to the upper part of one side of the support plate 19. A spraying mechanism is connected to one end of the second cylinder 20. The spraying mechanism includes a liquid storage tank 21. A frame 22 is connected to one side of the upper end of the liquid storage tank 21. A cleaning mechanism is slidably connected to one side of the frame 22. The support platform 2 supports the lower die mechanism and ensures that its installation height is adapted to the forging stroke of the mandrel 7. The support column 3 forms a stable forging frame and provides sliding guidance for the lower pressure plate 6. The hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the lower pressure plate 6 and the mandrel 7 to move up and down to complete the deep hole forging. The mandrel 7 extends into the aluminum alloy billet and is extruded to form a deep hole structure. The connecting platform 18 is used to provide installation support for the support plate 19, so that the height of the spraying mechanism and the cleaning mechanism is adapted to the lower die mechanism and the mandrel 7. The support plate 19 is used to fix the second cylinder 20. The second cylinder 20 pushes the spraying mechanism and the cleaning mechanism to move horizontally, so as to achieve precise alignment with the mandrel 7 and the lower die mechanism. The liquid storage tank 21 is used to store lubricating fluid. The upper side of the liquid storage tank 21 is connected to a liquid inlet pipe to provide a liquid source for the lubrication of the mandrel 7 and the lower die body 13. The frame 22 is equipped with and connected to the motor 24 and the lead screw 25 to provide guidance for the up and down movement of the cleaning mechanism. The cleaning mechanism is used to clean the debris on the outer wall of the mandrel 7 to ensure the cleanliness of the mandrel 7 and the subsequent forging quality.

[0021] like Figures 2-6As shown: The lower mold mechanism includes a connecting plate 8. The lower end of the connecting plate 8 is connected to the upper end of the support platform 2 via a support block. A connecting ring 9 is connected to the middle of the upper end of the connecting plate 8. A first through hole is opened in the middle of the upper end of the connecting plate 8. The diameter of the first through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting ring 9. Top rods 10 are connected to both sides of the lower end of the inner wall of the housing 1. A slide table 11 is connected to the upper end of the two top rods 10. A slide groove is opened in the middle of the upper end of the slide table 11. A first cylinder 12 is connected to the middle of both sides of the slide table 11. The output ends of the two first cylinders 12 pass through the slide table 11 and extend into the slide groove. The output ends of the two first cylinders 12 are connected to the lower mold body 13. The two lower mold bodies 13 are symmetrically arranged. The lower ends of the two lower mold bodies 13 slide inside the slide groove. The support platform 2 and the upper end of the housing 1 are connected to the two lower mold bodies 13 respectively. A second through hole is provided, and two lower mold bodies 13 are located inside the second through hole. A sliding rod is connected to the upper part of one side of the two lower mold bodies 13. A connecting groove is opened at the corresponding position of the two sliding rods on the support platform 2. The two sliding rods are located inside the two connecting grooves respectively. A first electric telescopic rod 14 is connected to the lower part of the slide platform 11. The lower end of the first electric telescopic rod 14 is connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the box 1. The output end of the first electric telescopic rod 14 extends through to the upper end of the slide platform 11. A push block 15 is connected to the output end of the first electric telescopic rod 14. A placement groove is opened at the upper end of the slide platform 11 corresponding to the push block 15. The push block 15 is located inside the placement groove. A liquid collecting cylinder 16 is connected to the outer wall of the first electric telescopic rod 14. The liquid collecting cylinder 16 is arranged in a ring. The lower end of the liquid collecting cylinder 16 is connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the box 1. A guide groove 17 is evenly opened at the upper end of the slide platform 11. The connecting ring 9 is used to assist in guiding the downward movement of the mandrel 7, preventing it from shifting during forging. The first through hole provides a channel for the mandrel 7 and the forging to enter and exit. The slide table 11 houses the first cylinder 12, the lower mold body 13, and other components. The slide groove guides the horizontal sliding of the lower mold body 13, ensuring that the two lower mold bodies 13 can accurately close or separate. The first cylinder 12 drives the lower mold body 13 to move along the slide groove, realizing the opening and closing of the lower mold body 13 for placing the forging and removing it after forging. The lower mold body 13 forms the outer wall cavity of the deep-hole forging, working in conjunction with the mandrel 7 to complete the forming of the aluminum alloy deep-hole forging. The slide rod and the connecting groove work together to assist in guiding and limiting the sliding of the lower mold body 13. To prevent the lower mold body 13 from tilting during movement, the first electric telescopic rod 14 is used to drive the push block 15 to move up and down. The push block 15 is used to push the forging out of the cavity of the lower mold body 13 after forging, making it easy to remove the forging. The placement groove is used to store the push block 15 when it is not working, so as to avoid affecting the closing of the lower mold body 13 and the placement of the forging. The liquid collection cylinder 16 is used to collect the excess lubricating fluid flowing down from the guide groove 17, realizing the recovery of lubricating fluid and avoiding lubricating fluid waste and equipment pollution. The lower part of one side of the liquid collection cylinder 16 is connected to the liquid outlet pipe, which extends through to one side of the box body 1. When the guide groove 17 sprays lubricating fluid onto the inner wall of the two lower mold bodies 13, it guides the excess lubricating fluid to flow smoothly into the liquid collection cylinder 16.

[0022] like Figures 3-5 As shown: A connecting motor 24 is connected to the lower middle part of the inner wall of the frame 22. A lead screw 25 is connected to the output end of the connecting motor 24. A moving block 26 is threadedly connected to the lower part of the outer wall of the lead screw 25. The moving block 26 slides on the outer wall of the lead screw 25. One end of the moving block 26 extends through to one side of the frame 22. A collecting cylinder 23 is connected to the lower part of one side of the frame 22. The collecting cylinder 23 is arranged in a circular shape. A guide block 38 is connected to the upper end of the collecting cylinder 23. The guide block 38 is arranged in an inverted V shape. A second electric telescopic rod 39 is connected to the lower middle part of the guide block 38. A fixing pipe 40 is connected to the lower end of the second electric telescopic rod 39. The fixing pipe 40 is arranged in an arc shape. The outer wall of the fixing pipe 40... The lower part is connected to a second nozzle 41. A liquid pump 42 is connected to one side of the lower end of the inner wall of the liquid storage tank 21. The output end of the liquid pump 42 is connected to a delivery pipe 43. One end of the delivery pipe 43 extends through to one side of the liquid storage tank 21. One end of the delivery pipe 43 is connected to a first delivery pipe 44. One end of the first delivery pipe 44 is connected to one side of the upper end of the fixed pipe 40. A guide block 46 is connected to one side of the lower end of the collection cylinder 23. A guide opening 47 is opened in the middle of one side of the guide block 46. One end of the first delivery pipe 44 is located inside the guide opening 47. A first delivery valve is connected to one side of the outer wall of the first delivery pipe 44. One end of the first delivery pipe 44 is set in the shape of a flexible tube. A second delivery pipe 45 is connected to one side of the upper end of the delivery pipe 43. The connecting motor 24 drives the lead screw 25 to rotate, which in turn drives the moving block 26 to move up and down via a threaded transmission. The moving block 26 is used to connect the cleaning mechanism, which moves up and down along the frame 22 to clean and lubricate the mandrel 7 at different heights. The collecting cylinder 23 collects the debris that falls off the mandrel 7 during cleaning, preventing debris from contaminating the equipment and affecting subsequent processes. The guide block 38 guides the debris that falls off during cleaning into the collecting cylinder 23 to prevent debris from scattering. The second electric telescopic rod 39 drives the fixed pipe 40 to move up and down, adjusting the distance between the second nozzle 41 and the lower mold body 13 to ensure uniform spraying of lubricant. The fixed pipe 40 is used to install the second nozzle 41, providing a stable mounting carrier for the second nozzle 41. The second nozzle 41 sprays lubricant onto the inner wall of the lower mold body 13 to achieve lubrication of the lower mold body 13. Pump 42 provides power for the delivery of lubricating fluid, delivering the lubricating fluid in the storage tank 21 to the delivery pipe 43. The delivery pipe 43 is used to divert the lubricating fluid to the first delivery pipe 44 and the second delivery pipe 45. The first delivery pipe 44 is used to deliver the lubricating fluid to the fixed pipe 40 to provide lubricating fluid to the second nozzle 41. The guide block 46 and the guide port 47 are used to guide and limit the first delivery pipe 44 to prevent the first delivery pipe 44 from getting tangled or deviating when the second electric telescopic rod 39 moves the fixed pipe 40. The first delivery valve is used to control the on / off state and flow rate of the lubricating fluid in the first delivery pipe 44. The first delivery pipe 44, which is designed in the shape of a hose, is easy to deform with the extension and retraction of the second electric telescopic rod 39 to avoid damage to the pipeline. The second delivery pipe 45 is used to deliver the lubricating fluid to the connecting pipe 36 of the cleaning mechanism to provide lubricating fluid to the first nozzle 37.

[0023] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown: The cleaning mechanism includes a housing 27. One side of the housing 27 is connected to one side of the moving block 26. A mounting ring 28 is connected to one side of the housing 27. A drive motor 29 is connected to the upper end of the inner wall of the housing 27. A gear 30 is connected to the output end of the drive motor 29. One end of the gear 30 extends through to one side of the mounting ring 28. The mounting ring 28 has a connection port corresponding to the gear 30. One side of the gear 30 is located inside the connection port. A gear ring 31 is meshed with one side of the gear 30. A rotating ring 32 is connected to the inner wall of the gear ring 31. Scrapers 33 are connected to the upper part of both sides of the inner wall of the rotating ring 32. The two scrapers 33 are V-shaped on one side. Steel wire brushes 34 are connected to the lower part of both sides of the wall. Stabilizing rods 35 are connected to the upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the rotating ring 32. Stabilizing grooves are opened on the inner wall of the mounting ring 28 corresponding to multiple stabilizing rods 35. Some stabilizing rods 35 slide inside two stabilizing grooves respectively. A connecting pipe 36 is connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the mounting ring 28. The first nozzle 37 is circumferentially connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe 36. One side of the upper end of the connecting pipe 36 is connected to one end of the second infusion pipe 45. The lower end of the second infusion pipe 45 passes through the moving block 26, the shell 27 and the collecting cylinder 23 in sequence and extends to the bottom of the collecting cylinder 23. The lower end of the second infusion pipe 45 is set in the shape of a hose. Mounting ring 28 is used to mount gear ring 31, rotating ring 32, and connecting pipe 36. The connecting port provides space for the meshing of gear 30 and gear ring 31. Drive motor 29 drives gear 30 to rotate, and gear 30 drives gear ring 31 to rotate through meshing transmission. Gear ring 31 drives rotating ring 32 to rotate synchronously. Rotating ring 32 is used to mount scraper 33 and wire brush 34. Scraper 33 is used to scrape off larger debris from the outer wall of mandrel 7. The V-shaped structure allows it to better fit the outer wall of mandrel 7, improving the cleaning effect. Wire brush 34 is used to clean the mandrel 7. Fine debris remaining on the outer wall is cleaned to further improve the cleanliness of the outer wall of the core rod 7. The stabilizing rod 35 and the stabilizing groove work together to guide and limit the rotation of the rotating ring 32, ensuring the coaxiality of the rotating ring 32 during rotation and preventing shaking. The connecting pipe 36 is equipped with the first nozzle 37 and delivers lubricating fluid. The first nozzle 37 is used to spray the lubricating fluid evenly onto the outer wall of the core rod 7 to achieve lubrication of the core rod 7. The second infusion pipe 45, which is set in the shape of a hose, is easy to deform as the moving block 26 moves up and down, ensuring that the lubricating fluid can be stably delivered to the connecting pipe 36.

[0024] A forming method for forging metal forgings, comprising the following usage methods: S1: By placing the preheated forging into the lower die mechanism, the forging is located inside the lower die mechanism. The hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the lower pressure plate 6 to slide on the outer wall of multiple support columns 3. When the lower pressure plate 6 presses down, it drives the mandrel 7 to move downward. The lower end of the mandrel 7 is inserted into the lower die mechanism. The mandrel 7 extrudes and forges the forging inside the lower die mechanism. S2: After forging is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the lower pressure plate 6 and the mandrel 7 to move upward, so that the mandrel 7 is away from the forging. When the mandrel 7 moves to the top, the second cylinder 20 then pushes the liquid storage tank 21, the frame 22, the spraying mechanism and the cleaning mechanism to move downward to the mandrel 7. The cleaning mechanism is located directly below the mandrel 7, and the spraying mechanism is located directly above the lower die mechanism. S3: The outer wall of the mandrel 7 is cleaned and lubricated by the cleaning mechanism, and lubricating fluid is sprayed on the inner wall of the lower mold mechanism by the spraying mechanism.

[0025] Working principle: First, the forging and forming stage is entered. The preheated aluminum alloy billet is placed into the cavity of the lower die mechanism. The two first cylinders 12 are started to drive the lower die body 13 to move towards each other along the slide groove of the slide table 11 to the closed state, forming a complete deep hole forming cavity. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 5 is started to drive the lower pressure plate 6 to slide down steadily along the support column 3, driving the mandrel 7 to move down synchronously. The lower end of the mandrel 7 is precisely inserted into the center of the billet, and the deep hole forging is completed in conjunction with the cavity of the lower die body 13.

[0026] After forging is completed, hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the lower pressure plate 6 and mandrel 7 to rise to the initial position. The mandrel 7 is completely separated from the lower mold mechanism. The first electric telescopic rod 14 drives the push block 15 to push the forged part upward, making it easier for the workers to take out the forged part. The second cylinder 20 is started, pushing the liquid storage tank 21, frame 22 and the attached cleaning mechanism and spraying mechanism to move towards the center of the equipment until the rotating ring 32 of the cleaning mechanism is coaxially aligned with the mandrel 7 and located directly below the mandrel 7. The fixed pipe 40 of the spraying mechanism is aligned with the separation area of ​​the lower mold body 13 and located directly above the lower mold mechanism, completing the alignment preparation.

[0027] When the connecting motor 24 starts, it drives the lead screw 25 to rotate, which in turn moves the moving block 26 and the cleaning mechanism upward along the frame 22. At the same time, the drive motor 29 of the cleaning mechanism starts, and through the gear 30 meshing with the gear ring 31, it drives the rotating ring 32 to rotate stably. The stabilizing rod 35 slides along the stabilizing groove of the mounting ring 28 to ensure coaxiality. During the upward movement of the rotating ring 32, the V-shaped scraper 33 on the inner wall first scrapes off the aluminum alloy debris and oxide scale remaining on the outer wall of the core rod 7. Simultaneously, the wire brush 34 below performs fine cleaning on the surface of the core rod 7. The debris generated during cleaning falls into the collection cylinder 23 under the action of gravity and is guided and collected by the inverted V-shaped guide block 38 to avoid debris contamination of the equipment.

[0028] When the cleaning mechanism rises to the top of the mandrel 7, the connecting motor 24 reverses its direction, causing the cleaning mechanism to begin descending. At the same time, the liquid pump 42 starts, and the lubricating fluid in the storage tank 21 is divided through the delivery pipe 43. One path is delivered to the connecting pipe 36 through the second delivery pipe 45, and the lubricating fluid is evenly sprayed onto the outer wall of the mandrel 7 through the first nozzle 37. During the descent of the cleaning mechanism with the moving block 26, the lubricating fluid is ensured to form a continuous and uniform lubricating film on the outer wall of the mandrel 7. The other path is delivered to the fixed pipe 40 through the first delivery pipe 44. At this time, the two first cylinders 12 drive the lower mold body 13 to separate along the slide groove, and the second electric telescopic rod 39 drives the fixed pipe 40 to descend to the separation area of ​​the lower mold mechanism. The second nozzle 41 sprays lubricating fluid onto the inner wall of the cavity of the two lower mold bodies 13. The excess lubricating fluid flows into the collection cylinder 16 through the guide groove 17 on the slide table 11 under the action of gravity to complete the recycling, avoiding waste and equipment pollution.

[0029] After all processes are completed, the liquid pump 42 stops working, the second electric telescopic rod 39 drives the fixed pipe 40 to reset, the second cylinder 20 pushes the overall mechanism to reset to the side of the connecting table 18, and the two first cylinders 12 drive the lower mold body 13 to close again, waiting for the next aluminum alloy billet to be put in, ensuring the lubrication quality of the mandrel 7 and the lower mold, and effectively avoiding adhesion or surface defects in deep hole forgings.

[0030] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A forming apparatus for forging metal forgings, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The upper side of the box (1) is connected to a support platform (2), and the upper end of the support platform (2) is connected to a support column (3). The upper end of the multiple support columns (3) is connected to a top plate (4). The middle of the upper end of the top plate (4) is connected to a hydraulic cylinder (5). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (5) extends through to the lower end of the top plate (4) and is connected to a lower pressure plate (6). The lower pressure plate (6) slides on the outer wall of the multiple support columns (3). The lower pressure plate (6) has an opening at the position of the multiple support columns (3). The multiple support columns (3) are located inside the opening. The middle of the lower end of the lower pressure plate (6) is connected to a core rod (7). The upper end of the support platform (2) is connected to a lower mold mechanism. A connecting platform (18) is connected to one side of the support platform (2). The height of the connecting platform (18) is adapted to the height of the support platform (2). The lower end of the connecting platform (18) is connected to one side of the upper end of the box body (1). A support plate (19) is connected to one side of the upper end of the connecting platform (18). A second cylinder (20) is connected to the upper part of one side of the support plate (19). A spraying mechanism is connected to one end of the second cylinder (20). The spraying mechanism includes a liquid storage tank (21). A frame (22) is connected to one side of the upper end of the liquid storage tank (21). A cleaning mechanism is slidably connected to one side of the frame (22).

2. The forming apparatus for forging metal forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower mold mechanism includes a connecting plate (8), the lower end of which is connected to the upper end of the support platform (2) via a support block. A connecting ring (9) is connected to the middle of the upper end of the connecting plate (8). A first through hole is opened in the middle of the upper end of the connecting plate (8). The diameter of the first through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting ring (9). Top rods (10) are connected to both sides of the lower end of the inner wall of the box (1). A slide table (11) is connected to the upper end of the two top rods (10). A slide groove is opened in the middle of the upper end of the slide table (11). A first cylinder (12) is connected to the middle of both sides of the slide table (11). The output ends of the two first cylinders (12) pass through the slide table (11) and extend into the slide groove. The output ends of the two first cylinders (12) are connected to the lower mold body (13). The two lower mold bodies (13) are symmetrically arranged.

3. The forming apparatus for forging metal forgings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower ends of the two lower mold bodies (13) slide inside the slide groove. The upper ends of the support platform (2) and the box body (1) are provided with second through holes corresponding to the two lower mold bodies (13). The two lower mold bodies (13) are located inside the second through holes. The upper part of one side of the two lower mold bodies (13) is connected to a sliding rod. The support platform (2) is provided with connecting grooves corresponding to the two sliding rods. The two sliding rods are located inside the two connecting grooves respectively.

4. The forming apparatus for forging metal forgings according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first electric telescopic rod (14) is connected below the slide (11). The lower end of the first electric telescopic rod (14) is connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the box (1). The output end of the first electric telescopic rod (14) extends through to the upper end of the slide (11). A push block (15) is connected to the output end of the first electric telescopic rod (14). A placement groove is opened at the upper end of the slide (11) corresponding to the push block (15). The push block (15) is located inside the placement groove. A liquid collection cylinder (16) is connected to the outer wall of the first electric telescopic rod (14). The liquid collection cylinder (16) is arranged in a ring. The lower end of the liquid collection cylinder (16) is connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the box (1). A guide groove (17) is evenly opened at the upper end of the slide (11).

5. The forming apparatus for forging metal forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting motor (24) is connected to the lower middle part of the inner wall of the frame (22). A lead screw (25) is connected to the output end of the connecting motor (24). A moving block (26) is threadedly connected to the lower part of the outer wall of the lead screw (25). The moving block (26) slides on the outer wall of the lead screw (25). One end of the moving block (26) extends through to one side of the frame (22).

6. The forming apparatus for forging metal forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collection cylinder (23) is connected to the lower part of one side of the frame (22). The collection cylinder (23) is arranged in a circular shape. A guide block (38) is connected to the upper end of the collection cylinder (23). The guide block (38) is arranged in an inverted V-shape. A second electric telescopic rod (39) is connected to the middle of the lower end of the guide block (38). A fixed pipe (40) is connected to the lower end of the second electric telescopic rod (39). The fixed pipe (40) is arranged in an arc shape. A second nozzle (41) is connected to the lower part of the outer wall of the fixed pipe (40). A liquid pump (42) is connected to the lower side of the inner wall of the liquid storage tank (21). A delivery pipe (41) is connected to the output end of the liquid pump (42). 3) One end of the delivery pipe (43) extends through to one side of the storage tank (21). One end of the delivery pipe (43) is connected to a first infusion pipe (44). One end of the first infusion pipe (44) is connected to one side of the upper end of the fixed pipe (40). One side of the lower end of the collection cylinder (23) is connected to a guide block (46). A guide port (47) is opened in the middle of one side of the guide block (46). One end of the first infusion pipe (44) is located inside the guide port (47). One side of the outer wall of the first infusion pipe (44) is connected to a first infusion valve. One end of the first infusion pipe (44) is set in the shape of a flexible tube. One side of the upper end of the delivery pipe (43) is connected to a second infusion pipe (45).

7. The forming apparatus for forging metal forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism includes a housing (27), one side of which is connected to the side of the moving block (26). A mounting ring (28) is connected to one side of the housing (27). A drive motor (29) is connected to the upper side of the inner wall of the housing (27). A gear (30) is connected to the output end of the drive motor (29). One end of the gear (30) extends through to one side of the mounting ring (28). A connection port is opened on the mounting ring (28) corresponding to the gear (30). One side of the gear (30) is located inside the connection port. A toothed ring (31) is meshed with one side of the gear (30). A rotating ring (32) is connected to the inner wall of the toothed ring (31). Scrapers (33) are connected to the upper part of both sides of the inner wall of the rotating ring (32). The two scrapers (33) are V-shaped on one side. Wire brushes (34) are connected to the lower part of both sides of the inner wall of the rotating ring (32).

8. A forming apparatus for forging metal forgings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the rotating ring (32) are connected to stabilizing rods (35). The inner wall of the mounting ring (28) is provided with stabilizing grooves corresponding to multiple stabilizing rods (35). Several of the stabilizing rods (35) and several other stabilizing rods (35) slide inside two stabilizing grooves respectively. The upper part of the inner wall of the mounting ring (28) is connected to a connecting pipe (36). The inner wall of the connecting pipe (36) is circumferentially connected to a first nozzle (37). One side of the upper end of the connecting pipe (36) is connected to one end of the second infusion pipe (45). The lower end of the second infusion pipe (45) passes through the moving block (26), the shell (27) and the collecting cylinder (23) in sequence and extends to the bottom of the collecting cylinder (23). The lower end of the second infusion pipe (45) is set in the shape of a flexible tube.

9. A forming method for forging metal forgings, comprising using the forming apparatus for forging metal forgings as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Including the following usage methods: S1: By placing the preheated forging into the lower die mechanism, the forging is located inside the lower die mechanism. The hydraulic cylinder (5) drives the lower pressure plate (6) to slide on the outer wall of multiple support columns (3). When the lower pressure plate (6) presses down, it drives the mandrel (7) to move downward. The lower end of the mandrel (7) is inserted into the lower die mechanism. The mandrel (7) extrudes and forges the forging inside the lower die mechanism. S2: After forging, the lower pressure plate (6) and mandrel (7) are moved upward by the hydraulic cylinder (5) so that the mandrel (7) is away from the forging. When the mandrel (7) moves to the top, the second cylinder (20) then pushes the liquid storage tank (21), frame (22), spraying mechanism and cleaning mechanism to move downward to the mandrel (7). The cleaning mechanism is located directly below the mandrel (7) and the spraying mechanism is located directly above the lower die mechanism. S3: The outer wall of the mandrel (7) is cleaned and lubricated by the cleaning mechanism, and the inner wall of the lower mold mechanism is sprayed with lubricating fluid by the spraying mechanism.

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