Device for measuring water flow in natural water area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flow measurement, in particular to a natural water area water flow measurement device which comprises an underwater measurement part, a water surface measurement part, a data transfer part, a water surface platform and a wind speed detection part. The underwater measuring part is used for collecting underwater undercurrent flow; the water surface measuring part is used for collecting water flow on the water surface; and the data transfer part is arranged between the underwater measurement part and the water surface measurement part and is used for receiving measurement data of the underwater measurement part and the water surface measurement part. When in use, the underwater measuring part and the water surface measuring part are respectively arranged to measure the underwater water flow and the water surface water flow, and the data transfer part transmits the measured data to the water surface platform, so that statistical personnel can evaluate the pollutant load state by combining the water surface data and the underwater undercurrent data; the effect of improving the accuracy of water flow measurement data is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flow measurement technology, and in particular to a device for measuring the flow rate of natural water bodies. Background Technology

[0002] When factories and other manufacturing enterprises carry out production and processing, they may discharge treated industrial water into natural water bodies. Although this industrial wastewater has been treated to meet the discharge requirements, many enterprises treat it to the minimum standard in order to save costs. When the water flow of natural water bodies is small, the wastewater will still accumulate and cause pollution to the environment.

[0003] To calculate whether the pollution load of a water body exceeds its environmental capacity and to evaluate the effectiveness of control measures, it is necessary to monitor the flow rate of the corresponding water body to understand the total amount of pollutants discharged and the volume of wastewater discharged from pollution sources. When evaluating the impact of wastewater discharge on environmental pollution based on the total amount of wastewater discharged, on the one hand, a comprehensive analysis and comparison of the process and wastewater discharge situation can be conducted by combining the material balance and water balance of the enterprise; on the other hand, it can avoid the drawbacks of individual enterprises using large amounts of fresh water to dilute wastewater, which is conducive to water conservation efforts.

[0004] Existing water flow measurement devices mostly measure water flow by tracking the movement speed of surface buoys or by using flow meters. These methods have the following drawbacks: 1. Buoys can only measure the surface water flow of a body of water, and they are easily affected by external crosswinds.

[0005] 2. Mechanical or electronic flow meters are installed on both sides of the water surface, limiting the measurement location.

[0006] 3. None of the above-mentioned devices are convenient for measuring the flow rate of underground currents in water bodies.

[0007] In natural water bodies, the flow rate and velocity of water on the surface are different from those of water flowing underwater. Without accurately measuring the flow rate, it is impossible to accurately assess the aquatic environment.

[0008] Therefore, this application proposes a device for measuring the flow rate of natural water bodies to improve the accuracy of measuring the flow rate of natural water bodies. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a natural water flow measurement device to solve the problem of inaccurate measurement of natural water flow mentioned in the prior art.

[0010] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a natural water flow measurement device, comprising an underwater measurement unit, a surface measurement unit, a data transfer unit, a surface platform, and a wind speed detection unit; The underwater measurement unit is used to collect underwater current flow data; The water surface measurement unit is used to collect water surface flow rate data; The data relay unit is located between the underwater measurement unit and the surface measurement unit and is used to receive measurement data from both the underwater measurement unit and the surface measurement unit. The water surface platform is located on top of the water surface measurement unit and can float on the water surface. The water surface platform is connected to the data relay unit via a cable and is used to receive data from the data relay unit and send measurement data to external devices. The wind speed detection unit is located on the upper surface of the water surface platform. The wind speed detection unit is used to measure wind speed and transmit the data information to the water surface platform.

[0011] Preferably, the underwater measurement unit includes a flow tube for underground water, a coil mounting cavity is provided inside the wall of the flow tube, an induction coil is provided in the coil mounting cavity, and a lead tube is provided on the outer surface of the flow tube for underground water. The wire head of the induction coil is led to the lead tube and connected to the data transfer unit. The underground water flow passes through a magnetic cutting element concentrically located inside the cylinder, which can be driven to rotate by the water flow.

[0012] Preferably, the magnetic cutting element includes a support shaft, the outer surface of the support shaft is provided with turbine blades, the end of the turbine blades away from the support shaft is provided with a permanent magnet cutting body, and the outer surface of the permanent magnet cutting body is provided with a plurality of magnetic materials arranged in a circular array around the support shaft at equal intervals.

[0013] Preferably, the water level measuring unit includes an upper water flow passage cylinder, the outer surface of which is provided with a second lead tube, and the interior of which is coaxially provided with a second magnetic cutting element; The structures of the upper water flow tube, lead tube two, and magnetic cutting component two are the same as those of the dark water flow tube, lead tube one, and magnetic cutting component one. The upper water flow tube is also equipped with an induction coil inside. The wire head of the induction coil in the upper water flow tube is led to lead tube two and connected to the data transfer unit.

[0014] Preferably, the data transfer unit includes a protective housing, and the outer surface of the protective housing is respectively provided with a first wiring pipe and a second wiring pipe. Each of the first wiring pipe and the second wiring pipe is provided with a data acquisition device, and the two data acquisition devices are respectively connected to the induction coils in the underground water flow passage cylinder and the upper water flow passage cylinder. The protective housing is equipped with a power storage component and a signal relay component, which are connected in parallel with two data acquisition units and are electrically connected. The outer surface of the protective housing is provided with a first terminal and a second terminal. Both the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to the signal relay component, and cables are led out from the first terminal and the second terminal to connect to the water surface platform respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the protective shell has a bio-repellent component at one end, and the bio-repellent component is electrically connected to the energy storage component.

[0016] Preferably, the water surface platform includes a floating plate, and both ends of the floating plate are provided with fixing holes; The floating plate has an internal cavity, and each of the four corners of the internal cavity has a support seat. All the support seats have threaded posts, and all the threaded posts together support the main board. The main board integrates a processor and a communication module. The bottom of the floating plate is provided with a waterproof plug, and the cables led out from the first terminal and the second terminal are led through the waterproof plug to the inside of the inner cavity and connected to the main board. The upper surface of the floating plate is equipped with several antennas and warning lights, which are connected to the main board inside the inner cavity.

[0017] Preferably, the wind speed detection unit includes a support cylinder, the support cylinder has a rotatable support shaft at its axis, a support bearing is provided at the connection between the support cylinder and the support shaft, a wind drive component is provided at the upper end of the support shaft, a magnetic coupler is provided at the lower end of the support shaft, and a wind speed meter is provided at the inner bottom of the support cylinder. The rotating magnetic coupler can drive the inner core of the wind speed meter to rotate. The inner wall of the support cylinder is provided with an electromagnetic coil, and the outer surface of the support shaft is provided with a number of permanent magnet strips arranged in a circular array. The rotation of the permanent magnet strips generates magnetic cutting on the electromagnetic coil. The bottom of the support cylinder is provided with a magnetic pole sensor, which is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil. Both the wind speed meter and the magnetic pole sensor are connected to the main board in the inner cavity.

[0018] Preferably, both ends of the underground water flow tube are provided with a first flange, and the first flange is provided with a detachable protective component; The protective component includes a second flange, which is connected to the first flange by fasteners. A protective cover is provided on the side of the second flange, and a number of expansion joints are provided at equal intervals on the surface of the protective cover.

[0019] Preferably, the connection between the protective cover and the second flange is configured as an inwardly tapered opening, the middle part of the protective cover is configured as an outwardly expanding area, the opening of the protective cover is configured as an expanding opening, the area between the outwardly expanding area and the expanding opening is configured as an inwardly tapered opening, and the end of the expanding opening is configured as a rolled edge that flips towards the second flange.

[0020] As described above, the water flow measurement device for natural water bodies of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention measures the underwater flow and surface flow by setting up an underwater measurement unit and a surface measurement unit respectively, and transmits the measurement data to the surface platform through a data relay unit. Statisticians can combine the surface data and underwater undercurrent data to assess the pollutant load status, thereby improving the accuracy of water flow measurement data. At the same time, the wind speed on the water surface is detected by the wind speed detection unit, and the influence of wind on the water flow rate is eliminated by the difference calculation, thereby reducing the interference of the natural environment.

[0021] 2. This invention sets induction coils in the underground water flow tube and the upper water flow tube, and uses the water flow to drive magnetic cutting parts one and two to rotate and generate magnetic cutting with the induction coils. The water flow rate is calculated by the Coulomb counting method. At the same time, the magnetic cutting induction coil generates electricity, and the electrical energy is stored in the energy storage component for use by electrical equipment, thus achieving the effect of energy saving and environmental protection.

[0022] 3. This invention provides an electromagnetic coil on the inner wall of the support cylinder and a permanent magnet strip on the surface of the support shaft. When the external airflow blows the wind drive component to rotate the support shaft, the permanent magnet strip can rotate to magnetically cut the electromagnetic coil. The direction of the current in the electromagnetic coil is sensed by the magnetic pole sensor to determine the rotation direction of the support cylinder, thereby determining whether the airflow accelerates or inhibits the surface water flow, which is used to more accurately calculate the flow rate of the surface water.

[0023] 4. This invention provides a first flange at both ends of the underground water flow tube and installs protective components on the first flange. When the underground water flow tube is placed in water, the protective components can effectively block aquatic plants in the water and block and buffer solid substances flowing with the water, thereby achieving the effects of protecting the magnetic cutting component and improving the accuracy of measurement data. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the underwater measuring unit of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the underwater measuring section of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This invention is shown as Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 5The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the magnetic cutting component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the water surface measuring unit of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the data transfer unit of this invention.

[0031] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the data transfer unit of this invention.

[0032] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the floating plate of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the protective component of this invention.

[0034] Figure 11 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the protective component of this invention.

[0035] Figure 12 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the wind speed detection unit of this invention.

[0036] Component designation explanation: 1. Underwater measuring section; 11. Underwater flow passage cylinder; 12. Coil mounting cavity; 13. Induction coil; 14. Lead tube 1; 15. Magnetic cutting component 1; 151. Support shaft; 152. Turbine fan blade; 153. Permanent magnet cutting body; 16. First flange; 17. Protective component; 171. Second flange; 172. Protective cover; 1721. Inward taper; 1722. Outward expansion area; 1723. Inward concave taper; 1724. Expansion opening; 1725. Hem; 173. Expansion joint; 2. Water surface measurement unit; 21. Upper water flow passage cylinder; 22. Lead pipe two; 23. Magnetic cutting component two; 3. Data transfer unit; 31. Protective housing; 32. First wiring conduit; 33. Second wiring conduit; 34. Data acquisition unit; 35. Energy storage unit; 36. Signal relay unit; 37. First terminal block; 38. Second terminal block; 39. Biological decoy unit; 4. Surface platform; 41. Floating board; 411. Internal cavity; 412. Support base; 413. Threaded post; 42. Fixing hole; 43. Waterproof plug; 44. Antenna and warning light; 5. Wind speed detection unit; 51. Support cylinder; 511. Electromagnetic coil; 512. Magnetic pole sensor; 52. Support shaft; 521. Permanent magnet strip; 53. Support bearing; 54. Wind drive component; 55. Magnetic coupler; 56. Wind speed meter. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 12 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding and reading. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a water flow measurement device for natural water bodies, including an underwater measurement unit 1, a water surface measurement unit 2, a data transfer unit 3, a water surface platform 4, and a wind speed detection unit 5; In use, the underwater measuring unit 1 is placed underwater, and the force exerted on the underwater measuring unit 1 by measuring the force of the underwater current flow is used to collect underwater current flow data; the water surface measuring unit 2 is placed on the water surface, and the force exerted on the water surface measuring unit 2 by measuring the force of the water surface flow is used to collect water surface flow data. The data transfer unit 3 is located between the underwater measurement unit 1 and the surface measurement unit 2, and is used to receive the measurement data from the underwater measurement unit 1 and the surface measurement unit 2. The water surface platform 4 is located on top of the water surface measurement unit 2 and floats on the water surface. The water surface platform 4 can be used with anchors, brackets and other devices to fix the entire device in the natural water area. The water surface platform 4 is connected to the data relay unit 3 by a cable to receive data from the data relay unit 3 and to send measurement data to external devices via wired and / or wireless means to facilitate passage. The wind speed detection unit 5 is located on the upper surface of the water surface platform 4. The wind speed detection unit 5 is used to measure the wind speed of the airflow above the water area and transmit the data information to the water surface platform 4. By calculating the influence of wind speed on the water surface flow rate, the true data of water surface flow rate is calculated to improve the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0040] All connections of the above equipment are waterproofed to prevent water seepage that could damage electrical components.

[0041] like Figures 1-4As shown, in some embodiments, the underwater measurement unit 1 of the present invention includes a current flow passage cylinder 11, a coil mounting cavity 12 is provided in the wall of the current flow passage cylinder 11, the side of the coil mounting cavity 12 facing the inside of the current flow passage cylinder 11 is thinner than the side facing the outside of the current flow passage cylinder 11 to improve magnetic permeability; an induction coil 13 is provided in the coil mounting cavity 12, the induction coil 13 includes an iron core, and a coil winding is wound on the outer surface of the iron core; a lead tube 14 is provided on the outer surface of the current flow passage cylinder 11, the lead tube 14 is a hollow tube, and the head of the coil winding of the induction coil 13 is led into the lead tube 14 and connected to the data transfer unit 3; The dark flow water passes through a magnetic cutting element 15 concentrically located inside the cylinder 11. When the water flows through the center of the cylinder 11, it can apply a driving force to the magnetic cutting element 15. The magnetic cutting element 15 rotates under the drive of the water flow, thereby performing magnetic cutting motion on the induction coil 13. The magnetic cutting motion will cause the induction coil 13 to generate an induced current. The induced current is transmitted to the data transfer unit 3, and the rotational speed of the magnetic cutting element 15 is calculated by the integration method (Coulomb counting method) (rotational speed = (voltage × magnetic flux) / (torque constant × number of pole pairs)). The speed of the water flow is calculated by the rotational speed of the magnetic cutting element 15.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the magnetic cutting component 15 of the present invention includes a support shaft 151. The two ends of the support shaft 151 are respectively connected and supported by brackets extending from the inside of the two ends of the underground water flow through cylinder 11 to the axis. The outer surface of the support shaft 151 is provided with inclined turbine blades 152. The end of the turbine blades 152 away from the support shaft 151 is provided with a permanent magnet cutting body 153. The permanent magnet cutting body 153 is a cylindrical structure. The outer surface of the permanent magnet cutting body 153 is provided with a plurality of magnetic materials arranged in a circular array around the support shaft 151 at equal intervals. The magnetic materials are close to the inner wall of the underground water flow through cylinder 11. When the turbine blades 152 are driven to rotate, the permanent magnet cutting body 153 will rotate accordingly, causing the magnetic materials on its surface to perform magnetic cutting motion on the induction coil 13.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the water surface measuring unit 2 of the present invention includes an upper water flow passage cylinder 21, the outer surface of the upper water flow passage cylinder 21 is provided with a second lead tube 22, and the interior of the upper water flow passage cylinder 21 is coaxially provided with a second magnetic cutting element 23; The structures of the upper water flow passage cylinder 21, the lead tube 22, and the magnetic cutting component 23 are the same as those of the dark water flow passage cylinder 11, the lead tube 14, and the magnetic cutting component 15, and their functions are the same. Both the dark water flow passage cylinder 11 and the upper water flow passage cylinder 21 are made of magnetically demagnetizing material. The upper water flow passage cylinder 21 is also equipped with an induction coil 13. The wire head of the induction coil 13 in the upper water flow passage cylinder 21 is led to the lead tube 22 and connected to the data transfer unit 3. When the magnetic cutting component 23 is driven to rotate by the force of the water flow, the magnetic cutting component 23 performs magnetic cutting motion on the induction coil 13, thereby measuring the water flow and volume on the surface of the water body.

[0044] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the data transfer unit 3 of the present invention includes a protective housing 31, which is made of insulating material. The outer surface of the protective housing 31 is provided with a first connecting pipe 32 and a second connecting pipe 33. The lengths of the first connecting pipe 32 and the second connecting pipe 33 are set according to the depth of the water area so that the underwater measuring unit 1 can be at a predetermined depth. The first connecting pipe 32 and the second connecting pipe 33 are respectively connected to the lead pipe 14 and the lead pipe 22, and the sealing is waterproofed. Data acquisition units 34 are provided in both the first connecting pipe 32 and the second connecting pipe 33. The two data acquisition units 34 are respectively connected to the induction coils 13 in the underground water flow passage cylinder 11 and the upper water flow passage cylinder 21. The data acquisition units 34 are used to collect voltage data so as to facilitate the calculation of water flow rate by (integral method (coulomb counting) method) and rectify the generated voltage and current to stabilize the current. The protective housing 31 is equipped with a power storage component 35 and a signal relay component 36. The power storage component 35 and the signal relay component 36 are connected in parallel with two data acquisition units 34. The power storage component 35 is a battery used to store the current generated by the device, and the signal relay component 36 is used to receive the data signals transmitted by the data acquisition units 34. The power storage component 35 and the signal relay component 36 are electrically connected, so that the power storage component 35 supplies power to the signal relay component 36, and the signal relay component 36 relays the electrical energy to the surface platform 4 to power the electronic components. The signal relay component 36 is equipped with a circuit interface and a signal interface for transmitting electrical energy and digital signals to the outside, respectively. The outer surface of the protective housing 31 is provided with a first terminal 37 and a second terminal 38. The first terminal 37 and the second terminal 38 are both connected to the circuit interface and the signal interface on the signal relay component 36. Cables are led out from the first terminal 37 and the second terminal 38 and connected to the water surface platform 4 respectively, for transmitting electrical energy and digital signals to the water surface platform 4.

[0045] like Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, the protective housing 31 of the present invention is provided with a biological repelling component 39 at its end. The biological repelling component 39 is a flashing light and is electrically connected to the power storage component 35. When in use, the biological repelling component 39 will emit a flashing light after being powered on, and the flashing light will drive away aquatic organisms to avoid aquatic organisms approaching the equipment and causing damage to the equipment and disturbing the water flow around the equipment, which would lead to inaccurate measurement data.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the water surface platform 4 of the present invention includes a floating plate 41. Both ends of the floating plate 41 are provided with fixing holes 42. The fixing holes 42 can be connected to the support, anchor and other devices to fix the entire device in the water. When fixed, the top of the floating plate 41 is above the horizontal plane, the upper water flow through the cylinder 21 is just submerged below the water surface, and the undercurrent water flow through the cylinder 11 is completely in the depth of the water. The floating plate 41 has an internal cavity 411 for mounting a circuit board motherboard for signal processing. Support seats 412 are located at each of the four corners of the internal cavity 411, and each support seat 412 has a threaded post 413. All the threaded posts 413 together support the motherboard. The motherboard is supported by the support seats 412 and the threaded posts 413, thus suspending it within the internal cavity 411. This allows electronic components to be integrated on both the top and bottom surfaces of the motherboard, improving its integration. The motherboard integrates a processor and a communication module. The processor can be an ARM controller, FPGA controller, SoC controller, DSP controller, or MCU controller, etc., used to receive and process digital information. The communication module can be a wired or wireless communication module, including Bluetooth or WIFI modules, used to receive external commands to the processor and send the processed information to external receiving devices, enabling signal interaction. The bottom of the floating plate 41 is provided with a waterproof plug 43. The cables led out from the first terminal 37 and the second terminal 38 are led through the waterproof plug 43 to the inside of the inner cavity 411 and connected to the main board, so as to prevent water leakage from the position where the first terminal 37 and the second terminal 38 enter the inner cavity 411. The information data measured by the underwater measuring unit 1 and the surface measuring unit 2 and the electrical energy released by the energy storage component 35 are transmitted to the main board through the first terminal 37 and the second terminal 38 for information exchange and power supply to the main board. The upper surface of the floating plate 41 is equipped with several antennas and warning lights 44. The antennas and warning lights 44 are connected to the main board inside the inner cavity 411. One part of the antennas and warning lights 44 are connected to the communication module on the main board in the inner cavity 411 for receiving and transmitting signals. The other part of the warning lights are connected to the power supply interface on the main board. After being powered on, they emit a light with strong penetrating power to warn and remind the surface vehicle to avoid collision between the vehicle and the device.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 12 As shown, in some embodiments, the wind speed detection unit 5 of the present invention includes a support cylinder 51. The support cylinder 51 is a hollow tube vertically standing on the axis of the floating plate 41. A rotatable support shaft 52 is provided on the axis of the support cylinder 51. A support bearing 53 is provided at the connection between the support cylinder 51 and the support shaft 52 to reduce friction when the support shaft 52 rotates, thereby improving the service life of the equipment and reducing kinetic energy attenuation. A wind drive component 54 is provided at the upper end of the support shaft 52. The wind drive component 54 has a semi-circular structure and is preferably a product that can generate different directions according to different wind directions. When the airflow blows towards the wind drive component 54, the windward surface of the wind drive component 54 will be forcefully driven to rotate the support shaft 52. The lower end of the support shaft 52 is provided with... A magnetic coupler 55 is provided, and an anemometer 56 is installed at the bottom of the inner side of the support cylinder 51. When the support shaft 52 rotates, the rotating magnetic coupler 55 can drive the inner core of the anemometer 56 to rotate under the magnetic coupling effect. The anemometer 56 obtains the wind speed by calculating the number of rotations of the support shaft 52 per unit time, so as to calculate the impact of wind speed on the water flow rate. The transmission is carried out by magnetic coupling, which can avoid the anemometer 56 from being damaged by excessive rotation of the support shaft 52 due to factors such as typhoons. When the support shaft 52 rotates excessively, the torque generated by the magnetic coupler 55 is greater than the magnetic transmission force of the magnetic coupler 55, and the magnetic coupler 55 will spin freely to protect the anemometer 56.

[0048] An electromagnetic coil 511 is provided on the inner wall of the support cylinder 51, and several permanent magnet strips 521 arranged in a circular array are provided on the outer surface of the support shaft 52. The rotation of the permanent magnet strips 521 generates magnetic cutting on the electromagnetic coil 511. A magnetic pole sensor 512 is provided at the bottom of the support cylinder 51, and the magnetic pole sensor 512 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil 511. During use, the wind drive component 54 will drive the support shaft 52 to rotate forward or backward due to different wind directions, which will cause the magnetic cutting directions of the permanent magnet strips 521 and the electromagnetic coil 511 to be different. Therefore, it is used to determine whether the airflow accelerates or inhibits the surface water flow, so as to improve the accuracy of the measurement of the water flow rate. When determining the direction of water flow, the current wind speed is compared with the usual water flow data. If the water flow rate increases and the permanent magnet strip 521 moves in a predetermined positive direction, the wind direction is in the direction of the water flow. If the water flow rate decreases significantly and the permanent magnet strip 521 moves in a predetermined negative direction, the wind direction is against the water flow. When the acceleration or suppression speed of the water flow rate does not match the wind speed and intensity, it is judged as a crosswind. The difference is calculated based on the above judgment to obtain the actual flow rate of the surface water flow.

[0049] Both the anemometer 56 and the magnetic pole sensor 512 are connected to the motherboard in the inner cavity 411. After acquiring data, the anemometer 56 and the magnetic pole sensor 512 transmit the data to the motherboard, and the processor on the motherboard calculates the wind speed data, wind direction data, etc. Finally, the data are combined with the data from the underwater measurement unit 1 and the water surface measurement unit 2 to obtain relatively accurate data on the flow rate of the natural water body.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments, both ends of the underground water flow tube 11 of the present invention are provided with first flanges 16, and the first flanges 16 are provided with separable protective parts 17. When the water conditions are not good, the magnetic cutting part 15 in the underground water flow tube 11 can be protected by adding protective parts 17 to reduce the entanglement of aquatic plants and the impact of hard objects. Specifically, the protective component 17 includes a second flange 171, which is connected to the first flange 16 by fasteners. The side of the second flange 171 is provided with a protective cover 172 made of elastic memory metal. Both ends of the protective cover 172 are open to allow water to flow through. The surface of the protective cover 172 is provided with several expansion joints 173 at equal intervals. When the aquatic plants in the water flow towards the magnetic cutting component 15, the protective cover 172 can block the aquatic plants in advance, causing them to wrap around the protective cover 172. This makes it easier to clean the aquatic plants than when they are wrapped around the magnetic cutting component 15. When a hard object impacts the protective cover 172, the protective cover 172 can deform, thereby buffering the impact force.

[0051] like Figure 11As shown, in some embodiments, the connection between the protective cover 172 and the second flange 171 is configured as an inwardly tapered opening 1721. The inner diameter of the opening of the inwardly tapered opening 1721 is equal to the inner diameter of the opening of the underground water flow through the cylinder 11. The middle part of the protective cover 172 is configured as an outwardly expanding area 1722 to guide the deformation direction of the protective cover 172 outwardly. The opening of the protective cover 172 is configured as an expansion opening 1724, which is the same as the outwardly expanding area 1722 to guide the deformation direction of the protective cover 172. A concave opening 1723 is configured between the outwardly expanding area 1722 and the expansion opening 1724. When the expansion opening 1724 is subjected to a frontal impact, The concave opening 1723 guides the expansion opening 1724 to contract towards the second flange 171, thereby buffering the impact force under the elastic action of the protective cover 172. After the impact force is removed, the protective cover 172 returns to its shape under the elastic action of the protective cover 172 to eject the hard object. The end of the expansion opening 1724 is set to be rolled 1725 and flipped towards the second flange 171, so that the side of the protective cover 172 also has an elastic force, which can also prevent hard objects on the side from getting stuck in the concave opening 1723. At the same time, this shape of the protective cover 172 can increase its surface area and surface shape complexity, which can effectively capture aquatic plants.

[0052] In summary, the natural water flow measurement device of the present invention measures the water flow rate of the underwater area and the water flow rate of the surface area by setting up an underwater measurement unit 1 and a water surface measurement unit 2 respectively, and transmits the measurement data to the water surface platform 4 through a data transfer unit 3. Statisticians can combine the water surface data and the underwater undercurrent data to assess the pollutant load status, thereby improving the accuracy of the water flow rate measurement data. Meanwhile, the wind speed detection unit 5 detects the wind speed on the water surface, and the difference is calculated to eliminate the influence of wind on the water flow rate, thus reducing the interference of the natural environment.

[0053] This invention achieves energy conservation and environmental protection by setting induction coils 13 in the underground water flow tube 11 and the upper water flow tube 21, and by using the water flow to drive the magnetic cutting component 15 and the magnetic cutting component 23 to rotate and magnetically cut the induction coil 13. The water flow rate is calculated by the Coulomb counting method. At the same time, the magnetic cutting of the induction coil 13 generates electricity, and the electrical energy is stored in the energy storage component 35 for use by electrical equipment.

[0054] This invention provides an electromagnetic coil 511 on the inner wall of the support cylinder 51 and a permanent magnet strip 521 on the surface of the support shaft 52. When the external airflow blows the wind drive 54 to rotate the support shaft 52, the permanent magnet strip 521 can rotate to magnetically cut the electromagnetic coil 511. The direction of the current in the electromagnetic coil 511 is sensed by the magnetic pole sensor 512 to determine the rotation direction of the support cylinder 51, thereby determining whether the airflow accelerates or inhibits the surface water flow, which is used to more accurately calculate the flow rate of the surface water.

[0055] The present invention provides a first flange 16 at both ends of the underground water flow tube 11 and a protective component 17 on the first flange 16. When the underground water flow tube 11 is placed in water, the protective component 17 can effectively block aquatic plants in the water and block and buffer solid substances flowing with the water, thereby achieving the effect of protecting the magnetic cutting component 15 and improving the accuracy of measurement data.

[0056] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the flow rate of a natural body of water, characterized in that, It includes an underwater measurement unit (1), a surface measurement unit (2), a data transfer unit (3), a surface platform (4), and a wind speed detection unit (5); The underwater measurement unit (1) is used to collect underwater current flow data; The water surface measurement unit (2) is used to collect water flow data. The data transfer unit (3) is located between the underwater measurement unit (1) and the surface measurement unit (2) for receiving measurement data from the underwater measurement unit (1) and the surface measurement unit (2); The water surface platform (4) is located on top of the water surface measurement unit (2) and can float on the water surface. The water surface platform (4) is connected to the data relay unit (3) via a cable and is used to receive data from the data relay unit (3) and send measurement data to external devices. The wind speed detection unit (5) is located on the upper surface of the water surface platform (4). The wind speed detection unit (5) is used to measure the wind speed and transmit the data information to the water surface platform (4).

2. The water flow measurement device for natural water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underwater measurement unit (1) includes a dark water flow passage cylinder (11), a coil mounting cavity (12) is provided in the wall of the dark water flow passage cylinder (11), an induction coil (13) is provided in the coil mounting cavity (12), a lead tube (14) is provided on the outer surface of the dark water flow passage cylinder (11), and the wire head of the induction coil (13) is led to the lead tube (14) and connected to the data transfer unit (3); The dark water flow passes through the inside of the cylinder (11) where a magnetic cutting element (15) is concentrically provided. The magnetic cutting element (15) can be driven by the water flow to rotate.

3. The water flow measurement device for natural water bodies according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic cutting component (15) includes a support shaft (151), and a turbine blade (152) is provided on the outer surface of the support shaft (151). A permanent magnet cutting body (153) is provided at one end of the turbine blade (152) away from the support shaft (151). A plurality of magnetic materials are arranged in a circular array around the support shaft (151) at equal intervals on the outer surface of the permanent magnet cutting body (153).

4. The water flow measurement device for natural water bodies according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water level measuring unit (2) includes an upper water flow passage cylinder (21), the outer surface of the upper water flow passage cylinder (21) is provided with a second lead tube (22), and the interior of the upper water flow passage cylinder (21) is coaxially provided with a second magnetic cutting element (23). The structures of the upper water flow tube (21), the second lead tube (22) and the second magnetic cutter (23) are the same as those of the dark water flow tube (11), the first lead tube (14) and the first magnetic cutter (15). The upper water flow tube (21) is also equipped with an induction coil (13). The wire head of the induction coil (13) in the upper water flow tube (21) is led to the second lead tube (22) and connected to the data transfer unit (3).

5. The water flow measurement device for natural water bodies according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data transfer unit (3) includes a protective housing (31). The outer surface of the protective housing (31) is provided with a first wiring pipe (32) and a second wiring pipe (33). Both the first wiring pipe (32) and the second wiring pipe (33) are provided with data acquisition devices (34). The two data acquisition devices (34) are respectively connected to the induction coils (13) in the dark water flow tube (11) and the upper water flow tube (21). The protective housing (31) is equipped with an energy storage component (35) and a signal relay component (36) respectively. The energy storage component (35) and the signal relay component (36) are connected in parallel with two data acquisition units (34) respectively. The energy storage component (35) and the signal relay component (36) are electrically connected. The outer surface of the protective housing (31) is provided with a first terminal (37) and a second terminal (38). The first terminal (37) and the second terminal (38) are both connected to the signal relay component (36), and cables are led out from the first terminal (37) and the second terminal (38) respectively to connect to the water surface platform (4).

6. The water flow measurement device for natural water bodies according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protective housing (31) is provided with a biological repellent component (39) at its end, and the biological repellent component (39) is electrically connected to the energy storage component (35).

7. The water flow measurement device for natural water bodies according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water surface platform (4) includes a floating plate (41), and both ends of the floating plate (41) are provided with fixing holes (42). The floating plate (41) has an inner cavity (411) inside. Each of the four corners of the inner cavity (411) is provided with a support seat (412). Each support seat (412) is provided with a threaded post (413). All the threaded posts (413) together support the motherboard. The motherboard integrates a processor and a communication module. The bottom of the floating plate (41) is provided with a waterproof plug (43). The cable led out from the first terminal (37) and the second terminal (38) is led through the waterproof plug (43) to the inside of the inner cavity (411) and connected to the main board. The upper surface of the floating plate (41) is provided with several antennas and warning lights (44), and the antennas and warning lights (44) are connected to the main board inside the inner cavity (411).

8. The water flow measurement device for natural water bodies according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wind speed detection unit (5) includes a support cylinder (51), a rotatable support shaft (52) is provided at the axis of the support cylinder (51), a support bearing (53) is provided at the connection between the support cylinder (51) and the support shaft (52), a wind drive component (54) is provided at the upper end of the support shaft (52), a magnetic coupler (55) is provided at the lower end of the support shaft (52), and a wind speed meter (56) is provided at the inner bottom of the support cylinder (51). The rotating magnetic coupler (55) can drive the inner core of the wind speed meter (56) to rotate. The inner wall of the support cylinder (51) is provided with an electromagnetic coil (511), and the outer surface of the support shaft (52) is provided with a plurality of permanent magnet strips (521) arranged in a circular array. The permanent magnet strips (521) rotate to generate magnetic cutting on the electromagnetic coil (511). The bottom of the support cylinder (51) is provided with a magnetic pole sensor (512), and the magnetic pole sensor (512) is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil (511). The wind speed meter (56) and the magnetic pole sensor (512) are both connected to the main board in the inner cavity (411).

9. The water flow measurement device for natural water bodies according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that: The underground water flow tube (11) is provided with a first flange (16) at both ends, and the first flange (16) is provided with a detachable protective component (17). The protective component (17) includes a second flange (171), which is connected to the first flange (16) by fasteners. The side of the second flange (171) is provided with a protective cover (172), and the surface of the protective cover (172) is provided with several expansion joints (173) at equal intervals.

10. The water flow measurement device for natural water bodies according to claim 9, characterized in that: The connection between the protective cover (172) and the second flange (171) is configured as an inwardly tapered opening (1721), the middle part of the protective cover (172) is configured as an outwardly expanding area (1722), the opening of the protective cover (172) is configured as an expanding opening (1724), the outerly expanding area (1722) and the expanding opening (1724) are configured as an inwardly concave opening (1723), and the end of the expanding opening (1724) is configured as a rolled edge (1725) turned towards the second flange (171).

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