Asphalt four-component testing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of asphalt testing devices, and discloses an asphalt four-component testing device which comprises a chromatographic column, a connecting cylinder, a pressurization mechanism and a pressure relief assembly, the pressurization mechanism comprises a pressurization cylinder, a piston and a first telescopic driving mechanism, the bottom of the connecting cylinder is communicated with the chromatographic column, and the bottom of the connecting cylinder is communicated with the pressure relief assembly. The top of the connecting cylinder is connected with the pressure cylinder, a first one-way valve only allowing gas to enter the connecting cylinder from the pressure cylinder is arranged between the connecting cylinder and the pressure cylinder, and the piston is driven by a first telescopic driving mechanism to slide along the inner wall of the pressure cylinder in the direction close to or away from the first one-way valve. A pressure relief pipe is arranged on the connecting cylinder, the pressure relief assembly can stretch and slide along the inner side wall of the pressure relief pipe along with the change of the air pressure in the connecting cylinder, and when the pressure relief assembly stretches to a preset position, the connecting cylinder communicates with the outside through the pressure relief pipe. The asphalt four-component test device is good in test pressurization controllability, and the solvent flow speed is convenient to adjust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of asphalt testing equipment technology, and in particular to an asphalt four-component testing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Asphalt is an important building material widely used in road engineering. Asphalt mainly consists of four components: asphaltenes, saturated components, aromatic components, and resins. The content and properties of these four components directly affect the performance and quality of asphalt, therefore, appropriate testing and inspection are necessary.

[0003] In traditional detection processes, the sample entering the alumina needs to be rinsed with solvents such as n-heptane or toluene. During this process, the flow rate is maintained at 2–4 mL / min, requiring the operator to use a double rubber bulb to apply pressure and regulate the flow. However, using a double rubber bulb for pressure regulation makes it difficult to adjust the flow rate and can easily cause excessive pressure, resulting in the defatted cotton at the bottom of the chromatography column popping out. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a four-component asphalt testing device with good controllability of test pressure and convenient adjustment of solvent flow rate.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a four-component asphalt testing apparatus, comprising a chromatography column, a connecting cylinder, a pressurization mechanism, and a pressure relief assembly.

[0006] The pressurization mechanism includes a pressurization cylinder, a piston, and a first telescopic drive mechanism. The bottom of the connecting cylinder is connected to the chromatography column, and the top of the connecting cylinder is connected to the pressurization cylinder. A first one-way valve is provided between the connecting cylinder and the pressurization cylinder, allowing only gas to enter the connecting cylinder from the pressurization cylinder. The piston is driven by the first telescopic drive mechanism to slide along the inner wall of the pressurization cylinder toward or away from the first one-way valve.

[0007] The connecting cylinder is equipped with a pressure relief pipe. The pressure relief component can slide along the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe as the air pressure inside the connecting cylinder changes. When the pressure relief component extends or retracts to a preset position, the connecting cylinder is connected to the outside through the pressure relief pipe.

[0008] As an improvement to the above solution, the booster cylinder is divided into an adjustment chamber and a compression chamber by the piston. The end of the booster cylinder away from the first one-way valve is provided with a second one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the adjustment chamber from outside the booster cylinder. The piston is provided with a third one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the compression chamber from the adjustment chamber.

[0009] As an improvement to the above solution, the pressure relief assembly is provided with a telescopic end and a locking end arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the pressure relief pipe. The telescopic end is located at the end of the pressure relief pipe near the connecting cylinder, and the locking end can move along the axial direction of the pressure relief pipe and lock with the pressure relief pipe.

[0010] The pressure relief pipe is provided with a vent hole or vent groove extending along the axial direction, and the vent hole or vent groove connects the pressure relief pipe to the outside atmosphere.

[0011] As an improvement to the above solution, a guide rod is provided axially inside the pressure relief pipe. The pressure relief assembly includes a sealing ring and a first spring. Both the sealing ring and the first spring are sleeved on the outside of the guide rod. The sealing ring is located at the end of the first spring near the connecting cylinder. The guide rod has a sealing section and a slotted section. A venting groove is provided on the side wall of the slotted section. When the sealing ring is in the sealing section, it divides the pressure relief pipe into two non-communicating chambers. When the sealing ring moves to the slotted section, the venting groove connects the chambers on both sides of the sealing ring.

[0012] As an improvement to the above solution, the pressure relief pipe is further provided with a mounting plate, the guide rod is fixed to the mounting plate, the pressure relief pipe is provided with a guide groove that extends axially and connects the pressure relief pipe to the outside, the guide groove and the guide rod are respectively located on both sides of the mounting plate, the pressure relief assembly also includes an adjusting ring and an adjusting rod, the adjusting ring is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod, and the sealing ring and the adjusting ring are respectively located at both ends of the first spring, the adjusting rod is connected to the adjusting ring, the adjusting rod passes through the mounting plate and extends into the guide groove, and the adjusting rod is provided with an adjusting block for locking with the guide groove;

[0013] A first air passage is provided between the mounting plate and the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe; and / or a second air passage is provided inside the adjusting rod.

[0014] As an improvement to the above solution, a pressure sensor is provided inside the connecting cylinder. The pressure sensor is connected to the first telescopic drive mechanism to prevent the piston from continuing to approach the first one-way valve when the pressure inside the connecting cylinder reaches a preset value.

[0015] As an improvement to the above solution, a feeding mechanism is also included. The feeding mechanism includes a turntable, a solvent storage cylinder, a rotation drive mechanism, a lifting drive mechanism, and a conduit. The inlet end of the conduit is provided with an inlet notch, and the outlet end of the conduit is connected to the connecting cylinder or the chromatography column. The inlet end of the conduit is vertically arranged. The solvent storage cylinders are arranged in a ring array on the top of the turntable. The turntable is provided with docking holes corresponding to the solvent storage cylinders. The rotation drive mechanism is used to drive the turntable to rotate so that the inlet end of the conduit is opposite to different solvent storage cylinders. The lifting drive mechanism is used to drive the turntable to lift so that the conduit passes through the docking hole and communicates with the interior of the solvent storage cylinder, or disconnects from the solvent storage cylinder and the docking hole.

[0016] As an improvement to the above solution, the lifting drive mechanism includes a second telescopic drive mechanism and a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is slidably connected to the bottom of the turntable, and the other end is connected to the second telescopic drive mechanism. At least two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the turntable, and the connecting rods are capable of rotating around the axis of the turntable.

[0017] As an improvement to the above solution, the inner bottom wall of the solvent storage cylinder is provided with an installation hole that communicates with the docking hole, and the inner bottom wall of the solvent storage cylinder is provided with a sealing plate. A second spring is provided between the bottom of the sealing plate and the inner wall of the solvent storage cylinder. The second spring causes the bottom of the sealing plate to close the installation hole when it is not under the pressure of the conduit.

[0018] As an improvement to the above solution, the chromatography column is connected to a support, the support is provided with a mounting block adapted to the chromatography column, the mounting block is provided with a color sensor arranged opposite to the chromatography column, the support is provided with an electric slide rail at the bottom of the chromatography column, and a receiving platform arranged along the electric slide rail, the color sensor and the electric slide rail are both connected to a controller.

[0019] Implementing this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention discloses a four-component asphalt testing device. By setting up a pressurizing mechanism, a pressure relief component, and a connecting cylinder connected to the chromatography column, the first telescopic drive mechanism of the pressurizing mechanism drives the piston to move towards the first one-way valve. During this process, the piston can squeeze the air stored inside the pressurizing cylinder, allowing the air stored inside to pass through the first one-way valve and enter the interior of the connecting cylinder, thereby pressurizing the connecting cylinder and the interior of the chromatography column. This can accelerate the adsorption rate of solvent and alumina in the chromatography column, eliminating the need for operators to use a double rubber ball for pressurization, making the operation simpler.

[0021] In addition, under the action of the pressure relief pipe and pressure relief component installed in the connecting cylinder, when the internal pressure of the connecting cylinder is too high, it can push the pressure relief component to slide along the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe, so that the connecting cylinder can be connected to the outside through the pressure relief pipe. At this time, the gas inside the connecting cylinder can be discharged through the pressure relief pipe, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the internal pressure and avoiding the situation where the chromatography column is damaged due to excessive gas pressure.

[0022] The automatic addition of solvents can be achieved by setting up a feeding mechanism, and with the help of a color sensor, electric slide rail, and receiving platform, the automatic replacement of conical flasks can be achieved, making operation simple. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the asphalt four-component testing device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the receiving platform and the electric slide rail of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the chromatography column and the support plate of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the color sensor and the mounting block of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism and connecting cylinder of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting cylinder and the pressurizing mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the pressure relief pipe and pressure relief assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified view of A in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, this invention discloses an embodiment of an asphalt four-component testing device, including a support 1, a controller 2, a chromatography column 3, a connecting cylinder 4, a pressurizing mechanism connected to the connecting cylinder 4, and a pressure relief assembly connected to the connecting cylinder 4.

[0035] In this embodiment, the controller 2 is located on one side of the support 1. A support plate 101 is fixedly connected to the top of the support 1. An adjustable-height chromatography column 3 is installed on one side of the support plate 101. The interior of the chromatography column 3 can be filled with alumina for experimental use. The support 1 is provided with a mounting block 301 adapted to the outer surface of the chromatography column 3. A color sensor 302 is installed inside the mounting block 301 and is positioned opposite to the chromatography column 3. The support 1 is provided with an electric slide rail 102 at the bottom of the chromatography column 3, and a receiving platform 103 arranged along the electric slide rail 102. The bottom of the support 1 is provided with a receiving cavity, and the electric slide rail 102 is located in the receiving cavity to prevent liquid from spilling from containers such as conical flasks on the receiving platform 103. The color sensor 302 and the electric slide rail 102 are both connected to the controller 2. The color sensor 302 is used to identify the different color boundaries of the solvent in the chromatography column 3 when they reach the bottom of the chromatography column 3, and transmits the identified color to the controller 2 for comparison with the preset color, so as to control the electric slide rail 102 to adjust the position of the receiving platform 103. The receiving platform 103 is used to place conical flasks. With the use of the color sensor 302, the effect of automatic replacement of conical flasks can be achieved without the need for manual replacement by the staff, which is simple to operate.

[0036] The connecting cylinder 4 in this embodiment includes a cylinder body 4101, which is fixedly connected to one side of the support plate 101. The bottom of the cylinder body 4101 is connected to the chromatography column 3, and the top of the cylinder body 4101 is connected to the booster cylinder 4102.

[0037] The pressurizing mechanism includes a pressurizing cylinder 4102, a first telescopic drive mechanism 4103, and a piston 4105. The first telescopic drive mechanism 4103 is located at the top of the pressurizing cylinder 4102. The output shaft of the first telescopic drive mechanism 4103 passes through the pressurizing cylinder 4102 and is fixedly connected to the piston 4105, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressurizing cylinder 4102. The pressurizing cylinder 4102 is divided into an adjusting chamber and a squeezing chamber by the piston 4105. In this embodiment, the adjusting chamber is located at the top of the piston 4105, and the squeezing chamber is located at the bottom of the piston 4105. A first one-way valve 4116 is provided between the cylinder body 4101 and the squeezing chamber, allowing only gas to enter the cylinder body 4101 from the squeezing chamber. The piston 4105 is driven by the first telescopic drive mechanism 4103 to slide along the inner wall of the pressurizing cylinder 4102 towards or away from the first one-way valve 4116. The first one-way valve 4116 can selectively open the passage between the connecting cylinder and the squeezing chamber.

[0038] As the solvent and alumina gradually come into contact inside the chromatography column 3, the solvent's downward movement rate decreases. At this point, the piston 4105 is moved downward by activating the first telescopic drive mechanism 4103. The piston 4105 can squeeze the air stored inside the pressurization cylinder 4102, allowing the stored air to pass through the first one-way valve 4116 and enter the interior of the cylinder body 4101, thereby pressurizing the cylinder body 4101 and the interior of the chromatography column 3. This accelerates the adsorption rate of the solvent and alumina, eliminating the need for operators to use double rubber balls for pressurization, making the operation simpler.

[0039] In this embodiment, the bottom of the booster cylinder 4102 is connected to a connecting pipe 4115, and the lower end of the connecting pipe 4115 is connected to the cylinder body 4101. A first one-way valve 4116 is disposed inside the connecting pipe 4115. The end of the booster cylinder 4102 away from the first one-way valve 4116, that is, the top of the booster cylinder 4102, is provided with an air inlet 4118 that communicates with the regulating chamber. The air inlet 4118 is provided with a second one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the regulating chamber from outside the booster cylinder 4102. The piston 4105 is provided with a connecting hole 4117, and a third one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the extrusion chamber from the regulating chamber is disposed inside the connecting hole 4117.

[0040] The second one-way valve provided in the air inlet 4118 can selectively open the passage between the regulating chamber and the outside, allowing gas to pass through the air inlet 4118 into the regulating chamber in one direction. The third one-way valve provided in the connecting hole 4117 can selectively open the passage between the regulating chamber and the extrusion chamber, allowing gas to pass through the connecting hole 4117 into the extrusion chamber in one direction. When the piston 4105 moves down, the internal space of the regulating chamber increases, allowing external air to pass through the air inlet 4118 into the internal storage of the regulating chamber. When the piston 4105 returns to its original position, it can compress the air stored inside the regulating chamber, causing it to pass through the connecting hole 4117 into the internal storage of the extrusion chamber for the next use. Under normal conditions, the position of the piston 4105 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown.

[0041] Since the chromatography column 3 is generally made of transparent glass, in order to prevent the glass chromatography column 3 from bursting due to excessive pressure, a pressure sensor 4104 is provided inside the cylinder body 4101 in this embodiment. The pressure sensor 4104 is connected to the first telescopic drive mechanism 4103 to prevent the piston 4105 from continuing to approach the first one-way valve 4116 when the pressure inside the cylinder body 4101 reaches a preset value.

[0042] The pressure sensor 4104 can detect the pressure inside the cylinder body 4101 in real time. When the pressure inside the cylinder body 4101 exceeds the preset value of the pressure sensor 4104, it transmits the signal to the controller 2. The controller 2 can shut down the first telescopic drive mechanism 4103 to prevent the continued injection of gas from damaging the chromatography column 3.

[0043] In addition, the connecting cylinder 4 in this embodiment is provided with a pressure relief pipe 4106. The pressure relief component can slide along the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe 4106 as the air pressure inside the connecting cylinder 4 changes. When the pressure relief component is extended or retracted to a preset position, the connecting cylinder 4 is connected to the outside through the pressure relief pipe 4106.

[0044] Under the action of the pressure relief pipe 4106 and pressure relief component provided in the connecting cylinder 4, when the internal pressure of the connecting cylinder 4 is too high, it can push the pressure relief component to slide along the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe 4106, so that the connecting cylinder 4 can be connected to the outside through the pressure relief pipe 4106. At this time, the gas inside the connecting cylinder 4 can be discharged through the pressure relief pipe 4106, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the internal pressure and avoiding the situation where the chromatography column 3 is damaged due to excessive gas pressure.

[0045] Preferably, the pressure relief assembly has a telescopic end and a locking end arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the pressure relief pipe 4106. The telescopic end is located at one end of the pressure relief pipe 4106 near the cylinder body 4101, and the locking end is movable along the axial direction of the pressure relief pipe 4106 and locked with the pressure relief pipe 4106. The pressure relief pipe 4106 has a vent hole or vent groove extending axially, which connects the pressure relief pipe 4106 to the external atmosphere.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, a guide rod 4113 is provided axially inside the pressure relief pipe 4106. The pressure relief assembly includes a sealing ring 4114 and a first spring 4112. Both the sealing ring 4114 and the first spring 4112 are sleeved on the guide rod 4113. The sealing ring 4114 is located at one end of the first spring 4112 near the connecting cylinder. The guide rod 4113 has a sealing section and a slotted section. A venting groove 4111 is provided on the side wall of the slotted section. When the sealing ring 4114 is in the sealing section, it divides the pressure relief pipe 4106 into two non-communicating chambers. When the sealing ring 4114 moves to the slotted section, the venting groove 4111 connects the chambers on both sides of the sealing ring 4114.

[0047] The pressure relief pipe 4106 is also provided with a mounting plate 4109. The guide rod 4113 is fixed to the mounting plate 4109. The pressure relief pipe 4106 is provided with a guide groove that extends axially and connects the pressure relief pipe 4106 to the outside. The guide groove and the guide rod 4113 are respectively located on both sides of the mounting plate 4109. The pressure relief assembly also includes an adjusting ring 4110 and an adjusting rod 4108. The adjusting ring 4110 is sleeved on the guide rod 4113. The sealing ring 4114 and the adjusting ring 4110 are respectively located at both ends of the first spring 4112. The adjusting rod 4108 is connected to the adjusting ring 4110. The adjusting rod 4108 passes through the mounting plate 4109 and extends into the guide groove. The adjusting rod 4108 can move along the guide groove. The adjusting rod 4108 is provided with an adjusting block 4107 for locking with the guide groove. A first venting channel is provided between the mounting plate 4109 and the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe 4106, or a second venting channel is provided in the adjusting rod 4108, to allow gas to be discharged to the outside. The pressure relief pressure can be adjusted by changing the position of the adjusting rod 4108 in the guide groove by adjusting the adjusting block 4107.

[0048] In this embodiment, a pressure relief pipe 4106 communicating with the cylinder body 4101 is provided. An installation plate 4109 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe 4106. A guide rod 4113 is fixedly installed on the side of the installation plate 4109 near the cylinder body 4101. A sealing ring 4114 is slidably installed on the surface of the guide rod 4113. A venting groove 4111 is formed on the surface of the guide rod 4113 between the sealing ring 4114 and the installation plate 4109. An adjusting ring 4110 is sleeved on the surface of the guide rod 4113. A first spring 4112 is provided between the adjusting ring 4110 and the sealing ring 4114. Preferably, both ends of the first spring 4112 are fixed to the adjusting ring 4110 and the sealing ring 4114, respectively. An adjusting rod 4108 is fixedly installed on the side of the adjusting ring 4110 facing away from the first spring 4112. The adjusting rod 4108 passes through the installation plate 4109 and the pressure relief pipe 4106 sequentially and is detachably connected to the sealing ring 4106. The adjusting block 4107 is threadedly connected. Under the action of the pressure relief pipe 4106, when the internal pressure of the cylinder body 4101 is too high, it can push the sealing ring 4114 to slide along the surface of the guide rod 4113 until the sealing ring 4114 moves to the middle of the guide rod 4113 (i.e., from the sealing section to the slotted section of the guide rod 4113). At this time, the gas inside the cylinder body 4101 can pass through the venting groove 4111, through the sealing ring 4114, and through the pressure relief pipe 4106 to be discharged, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the internal pressure and avoiding the situation where the gas pressure is too high and the chromatography column 3 is damaged. By adjusting the section block 4107, the gas and the guide groove are unlocked. By pushing the adjusting rod 4108 to move along the guide groove, the entire pressure relief assembly moves relative to the guide rod 4113, thereby changing the distance between the sealing ring 4114 and the venting groove 4111 on the guide rod 4113, and realizing the adjustment of the pressure relief pressure.

[0049] The asphalt four-component testing apparatus of this embodiment also includes a feeding mechanism, which is mounted on the support plate 101 and is used for adding the test solvent. In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism is located on the top of the support plate 101, and the pressurizing mechanism 41 is fixedly connected to one side of the support plate 101. The feeding mechanism includes a turntable 403, a solvent storage cylinder 406, a rotation drive mechanism 401, a lifting drive mechanism 402, and a conduit 408. The conduit 408 is fixed to the support 1 or the connecting cylinder 4. The inlet end of the conduit 408 is provided with an inlet notch 410, and the outlet end of the conduit 408 is connected to the connecting cylinder 4 or the chromatography column 3. The inlet end of the conduit 408 is vertically arranged. The solvent storage cylinders 406 are arranged in a ring array on the top of the turntable 403. The turntable 403 has docking holes corresponding to the solvent storage cylinders 406. The rotation drive mechanism 401 drives the turntable 403 to rotate so that the feed end of the conduit 408 is opposite to different solvent storage cylinders 406. The lifting drive mechanism drives the turntable 403 to lift so that the conduit 408 passes through the docking hole and communicates with the interior of the solvent storage cylinder 406, or disconnects from the solvent storage cylinder 406 and the docking hole. The solvent in the solvent storage cylinder 406 is added to the connecting cylinder 4 and then introduced into the chromatography column 3, where it contacts and adsorbs the alumina filled in the chromatography column 3.

[0050] The turntable 403 is disposed on the top of the support plate 101. In this embodiment, the top of the turntable 403 has four docking holes arranged in a ring. Four solvent storage cylinders 406 are fixedly connected to the top of the turntable 403 and are respectively connected to the docking holes. The top of the solvent storage cylinders 406 is provided with a removable cover 407. By connecting different solvent storage cylinders 406 to the conduit 408, different solvents can be added.

[0051] The feeding mechanism also includes a fixed plate fixedly connected to the surface of the support plate 101. A rotary drive mechanism 401 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plate. A rotating shaft 405 is installed at the output end of the rotary drive mechanism 401. The upper end of the rotating shaft 405 extends through the turntable 403. Two symmetrically distributed lifting drive mechanisms are fixedly connected to the top of the fixed plate. A connecting rod 404 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the lifting drive mechanism. The upper end of the connecting rod 404 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the turntable 403. A conduit 408 is fixedly connected to one side of the support plate 101. The upper end of the conduit 408 extends through a docking hole and communicates with the interior of the solvent storage cylinder 406. A feed notch 410 is opened at the upper end of the conduit 408.

[0052] The lifting drive mechanism includes a second telescopic drive mechanism 402 and a connecting rod 404. One end of the connecting rod 404 is slidably connected to the bottom of the turntable 403, and the other end is connected to the second telescopic drive mechanism 402. At least two connecting rods 404 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the turntable 403, and the connecting rods 404 are rotatable around the axis of the turntable 403.

[0053] The solvent storage cylinder 406 has an installation hole on its inner bottom wall that communicates with the docking hole. A sealing plate 409 is also provided on the inner bottom wall of the solvent storage cylinder 406 to block the installation hole. The diameter of the sealing plate 409 is larger than the outer diameter of the conduit 408. A second spring 411 is provided between the bottom of the sealing plate 409 and the inner wall of the solvent storage cylinder 406. The second spring 411 ensures that the bottom of the sealing plate 409 closes the installation hole when it is not under pressure from the conduit 408. The four installation holes allow one of them to serve as both a starting point and an end point. That is, before the experiment, the four solvent storage cylinders 406 are not connected to the conduit 408, facilitating the addition of solvent.

[0054] By activating the rotary drive mechanism 401, the turntable 403 can be rotated to adjust the position of the solvent storage cylinder 406. The rotary drive mechanism 401 works in conjunction with the lifting drive mechanism to enable the addition of different solvents. The lifting drive mechanism and connecting rod 404 can adjust the height of the turntable 403. During the switching process, the lifting drive mechanism first drives the connecting rod 404 to move the turntable 403 upward. During this process, the conduit 408 separates from the solvent storage cylinder 406. When the highest point is reached, the rotation drive mechanism 401 starts to rotate the turntable 403 by 90 degrees, so that the next solvent storage cylinder 406 moves to the conduit 408. At this time, the lifting drive mechanism drives the turntable 403 downward. During this process, the conduit 408 is inserted into the interior of the solvent storage cylinder 406 and pushes the sealing plate 409 upward. The first spring 4112 is set to keep the sealing plate 409 blocking the mounting hole under normal conditions, so that the solvent inside the solvent storage cylinder 406 can enter the interior of the conduit 408 through the feed notch 410, and then be injected into the interior of the cylinder body 4101 through the conduit 408 and then introduced into the interior of the chromatography column 3 for testing.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A four-component asphalt testing apparatus, characterized in that, Includes chromatography column, connecting cylinder, pressurization mechanism and pressure relief assembly. The pressurization mechanism includes a pressurization cylinder, a piston, and a first telescopic drive mechanism. The bottom of the connecting cylinder is connected to the chromatography column, and the top of the connecting cylinder is connected to the pressurization cylinder. A first one-way valve is provided between the connecting cylinder and the pressurization cylinder, allowing only gas to enter the connecting cylinder from the pressurization cylinder. The piston is driven by the first telescopic drive mechanism to slide along the inner wall of the pressurization cylinder toward or away from the first one-way valve. The connecting cylinder is equipped with a pressure relief pipe. The pressure relief component can slide along the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe as the air pressure inside the connecting cylinder changes. When the pressure relief component extends or retracts to a preset position, the connecting cylinder is connected to the outside through the pressure relief pipe.

2. The asphalt four-component testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The booster cylinder is divided into an adjustment chamber and a compression chamber by the piston. The end of the booster cylinder away from the first one-way valve is provided with a second one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the adjustment chamber from outside the booster cylinder. The piston is provided with a third one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the compression chamber from the adjustment chamber.

3. The asphalt four-component testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief assembly is provided with a telescopic end and a locking end arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the pressure relief pipe. The telescopic end is located at the end of the pressure relief pipe near the connecting cylinder, and the locking end can move along the axial direction of the pressure relief pipe and lock with the pressure relief pipe. The pressure relief pipe is provided with a vent hole or vent groove extending along the axial direction, and the vent hole or vent groove connects the pressure relief pipe to the outside atmosphere.

4. The asphalt four-component testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief pipe is provided with a guide rod along the axial direction. The pressure relief assembly includes a sealing ring and a first spring. Both the sealing ring and the first spring are sleeved on the guide rod. The sealing ring is located at the end of the first spring near the connecting cylinder. The guide rod has a sealing section and a slotted section. The side wall of the slotted section has a venting groove. When the sealing ring is in the sealing section, it divides the pressure relief pipe into two non-communicating chambers. When the sealing ring moves to the slotted section, the venting groove connects the chambers on both sides of the sealing ring.

5. The asphalt four-component testing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure relief pipe is also provided with a mounting plate. The guide rod is fixed to the mounting plate. The pressure relief pipe is provided with a guide groove that extends axially and connects the pressure relief pipe to the outside. The guide groove and the guide rod are respectively located on both sides of the mounting plate. The pressure relief assembly also includes an adjusting ring and an adjusting rod. The adjusting ring is sleeved on the guide rod. The sealing ring and the adjusting ring are respectively located at both ends of the first spring. The adjusting rod is connected to the adjusting ring. The adjusting rod passes through the mounting plate and extends into the guide groove. The adjusting rod is provided with an adjusting block for locking with the guide groove. A first air passage is provided between the mounting plate and the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe; and / or a second air passage is provided inside the adjusting rod.

6. The asphalt four-component testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting cylinder is equipped with a pressure sensor, which is connected to the first telescopic drive mechanism to prevent the piston from continuing to approach the first one-way valve when the pressure inside the connecting cylinder reaches a preset value.

7. The asphalt four-component testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a feeding mechanism, which comprises a turntable, a solvent storage cylinder, a rotation drive mechanism, a lifting drive mechanism, and a conduit. The inlet end of the conduit is provided with an inlet notch, and the outlet end of the conduit is connected to the connecting cylinder or the chromatography column. The inlet end of the conduit is vertically arranged. The solvent storage cylinders are arranged in a ring array on the top of the turntable. The turntable is provided with docking holes corresponding to the solvent storage cylinders. The rotation drive mechanism is used to drive the turntable to rotate so that the inlet end of the conduit is opposite to different solvent storage cylinders. The lifting drive mechanism is used to drive the turntable to lift so that the conduit passes through the docking hole and communicates with the interior of the solvent storage cylinder, or disconnects from the solvent storage cylinder and the docking hole.

8. The asphalt four-component testing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lifting drive mechanism includes a second telescopic drive mechanism and a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is slidably connected to the bottom of the turntable, and the other end is connected to the second telescopic drive mechanism. At least two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the turntable, and the connecting rods can rotate around the axis of the turntable.

9. The asphalt four-component testing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The solvent storage cylinder has an installation hole on its inner bottom wall that communicates with the docking hole, and a sealing plate is provided on the inner bottom wall of the solvent storage cylinder. A second spring is provided between the bottom of the sealing plate and the inner wall of the solvent storage cylinder. The second spring closes the installation hole when the bottom of the sealing plate is not under pressure from the conduit.

10. The asphalt four-component testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chromatography column is connected to a support, and the support is provided with a mounting block adapted to the chromatography column. The mounting block is provided with a color sensor arranged opposite to the chromatography column. The support is provided with an electric slide rail at the bottom of the chromatography column and a receiving platform arranged along the electric slide rail. The color sensor and the electric slide rail are both connected to a controller.

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