Pest control method and system for forest cultivation

Abstract

The invention discloses a pest control method and system for forest cultivation, and relates to the technical field of pest control. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring initial monitoring data of forest insect pests, extracting nutrient information of the insect pests, and selecting monitoring plants; collecting monitoring plant data of the forest, and comparing the initial monitoring data with the monitoring plant data to obtain plant growth data; acquiring forest growth information, and evaluating to obtain a primary control effect of forest pests; acquiring real-time animal data of the forest, and comparing the initial monitoring data with the real-time animal data to obtain animal distribution information; evaluating according to the animal distribution information and the forest growth information to obtain an intermediate control effect of forest pests; the pest control effect is confirmed by combining the primary control effect and the intermediate control effect, and pest control is optimized and adjusted to obtain a new pest control scheme. The convenience of pest control for forest cultivation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of pest control, and in particular to a pest control method and system for forest cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Forest pest control refers to the process of continuously controlling the populations of harmful insects that may cause significant damage to trees and forest ecosystems below the ecological tolerance and economic loss thresholds, through a series of scientific and effective prevention, monitoring, and control measures to protect forest health. Forest pest control can effectively prevent and significantly reduce large-scale tree death or decline caused by pest outbreaks, avoid devastating damage to dominant and valuable tree species, and maintain the integrity and stability of the forest structure. Control can prevent huge losses in timber quality and quantity, protecting the economic benefits of forestry operators and the value of national forest resources. However, forest areas are often vast, and factors such as canopy obstruction and topography make pest monitoring difficult. Therefore, in the process of forest pest control, it is necessary to monitor the pest situation again after each control measure to confirm the next control plan, which is not only inconvenient but also consumes a lot of resources. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for pest control in forest cultivation, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] Firstly, this application provides a method for pest control in forest cultivation, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] Obtain initial monitoring data on forest pests, extract nutrient information of the pests based on the initial monitoring data, and select monitoring plants based on the nutrient information;

[0006] Collect monitoring plant data in the forest and compare the initial monitoring data with the monitoring plant data to obtain plant growth data;

[0007] Obtain forest growth information, and assess the primary control effect of forest pests based on plant growth data and forest growth information;

[0008] Collect real-time animal data in the forest and compare the initial monitoring data with the real-time animal data to obtain animal distribution information;

[0009] The intermediate-level control effect of forest pests was assessed based on animal distribution information and forest growth information.

[0010] By combining the effects of primary and intermediate control measures, the effectiveness of pest control is confirmed. The pest control measures are then optimized and adjusted to obtain a new pest control plan.

[0011] Preferably, the steps of obtaining initial monitoring data of forest pests, extracting nutrient information of the pests based on the initial monitoring data, and selecting monitoring plants based on the nutrient information are as follows:

[0012] Acquire initial monitoring data on forest pests, including pest decomposition information and pest distribution information;

[0013] Based on the information on insect pest decomposition, the decomposition ratio of insect pest decomposition substances is extracted, and all forest plants are obtained as the original plants.

[0014] Obtain the nutrients required by the original plants, and select the original plants whose nutrient requirements are met by the decomposition of pests as the first plants;

[0015] The nutrient ratio of the original plants is collected, and the first plant whose decomposition ratio meets the nutrient ratio is selected to obtain the second plant.

[0016] Obtain plant information for the second plant, determine the monitoring difficulty based on the plant information, and select the second plant that meets the preset difficulty standard as the monitoring plant.

[0017] Preferably, the step of determining the monitoring difficulty based on plant information and selecting a second plant that meets the preset difficulty standard as the monitoring plant specifically includes:

[0018] The morphology of the second plant was extracted based on the plant information, and the number of morphologies was counted.

[0019] Collect information on the plant habits of the second plant, and extract the location characteristics of the plant distribution based on the plant habit information;

[0020] Construct a forest map and mark the growth locations of the second plant on the forest map based on location characteristics;

[0021] Confirm the habitat accessibility value of the growing location, and calculate the average habitat accessibility value of all growing locations as the habitat accessibility ease;

[0022] The distribution area of ​​the second plant on the forest map is statistically analyzed. The monitoring difficulty of the second plant is obtained by combining its morphological quantity and habitat accessibility. Second plants that meet the preset difficulty criteria are selected as monitoring plants.

[0023] Preferably, the step of obtaining forest growth information and assessing the primary control effect of forest pests based on plant growth data and forest growth information specifically includes:

[0024] The time interval between the most recent pest control time point and the real-time time point is collected as the interval duration.

[0025] Based on plant habit information, the growth of plants is estimated and monitored within the interval to determine whether the growth reaches the preset growth standard.

[0026] If the preset growth target is met, the difference between the growth target and the growth target is calculated as the effect reflection value.

[0027] If the preset growth target is not met, the effect response value will be the lowest value.

[0028] The number of pest deaths is estimated based on the plant growth data of the monitored plants, and the pest control effect is obtained by combining the effect feedback value.

[0029] Based on forest growth information, the growth stages of forest trees are extracted to determine whether the monitored plants affect the growth of forest trees.

[0030] If the monitored plants affect the growth of forest trees, the cultivation impact value of the monitored plants on the cultivation of forest trees is obtained, and the primary control effect is obtained by combining the pest control effect.

[0031] Preferably, the step of estimating the number of pest deaths based on the plant growth data of the monitored plants and combining this with the effect feedback value to determine the pest control effect specifically includes:

[0032] Collect forest environmental data at intervals and estimate the estimated growth of monitored plants based on the forest environmental data;

[0033] The actual growth quantity of monitored plants is extracted from plant growth data, and the difference between the actual growth quantity and the estimated growth quantity is recorded as the basic treatment effect.

[0034] Determine whether the growth of forest trees within the specified time interval has reached the preset growth standard. If it has reached the preset growth standard, then estimate the estimated growth of forest trees based on forest environmental data.

[0035] The actual tree growth in the forest is statistically analyzed, the difference between the actual and estimated tree growth is calculated, and the pest control effect is obtained by combining the results of basic management.

[0036] Preferably, the step of obtaining the cultivation impact value of the monitored plants on forest tree cultivation specifically includes:

[0037] Based on plant habit information, determine whether the monitored plant has companion species; if there are companion species, determine whether the companion species interfere with the cultivation of forest trees.

[0038] If associated species interfere with the cultivation of forest trees, the number of associated species should be estimated based on the actual growth of monitored plants.

[0039] The associated impact of associated species on forest tree cultivation is estimated based on the number of associated species.

[0040] The resource competition rate between plants and forest trees is collected and monitored, the average impact value of plants on forest trees is collected and monitored, and the cultivation impact value is obtained by combining the associated impact value.

[0041] Preferably, the step of assessing the intermediate-level control effect of forest pests based on animal distribution information and forest growth information specifically includes:

[0042] Obtain information about animal habits and determine whether an animal preys on forest pests based on that information.

[0043] Animals that prey on forest pests are categorized as predators. Based on whether or not they consume insect remains, predators are further classified into detritus predators and non-detritus predators.

[0044] Based on animal distribution information, the increase in the number of detritus predators and the decrease in the number of non-detritus predators are extracted to obtain the first prevention and control effect;

[0045] Determine the impact of pest control programs on animals based on animal distribution information and record it as the animal impact value;

[0046] The intermediate-level control effect is obtained by combining the first-level control effect and the animal impact value.

[0047] Preferably, the step of determining the impact value of the pest control program on animals based on animal distribution information and recording it as the animal impact value specifically includes:

[0048] Obtain the most recent pest control plan and determine whether the pest control plan affects animal survival;

[0049] If it affects animal survival, then determine whether the pest control program has a continuous and uninterrupted impact on animal survival;

[0050] If the pest control program has a continuous impact on animal survival, then the average impact value of the pest control program is taken as the animal impact value.

[0051] If the impact of pest control measures on animal survival is not continuous, then animal activity information should be collected, and the impact value on animals should be assessed based on the activity information.

[0052] Preferably, if the pest control program does not have a continuous impact on animal survival, the step of collecting animal activity information and assessing the impact value based on the activity information is as follows:

[0053] The overlapping distribution range of animals and pests is obtained based on animal distribution information and pest distribution information;

[0054] The average activity frequency of animals was obtained, the average avoidance rate of animals in pest control programs was collected, and the animal impact value was obtained by combining the overlapping distribution range.

[0055] Secondly, this application provides a pest control system for forest cultivation, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0056] A pest control system for forest cultivation, comprising:

[0057] The plant monitoring module acquires initial monitoring data on forest pests, extracts nutrient information of the pests based on the initial monitoring data, and selects monitoring plants based on the nutrient information.

[0058] The plant growth module collects monitoring plant data from the forest and compares the initial monitoring data with the monitoring plant data to obtain plant growth data.

[0059] The primary control module acquires forest growth information and evaluates the effectiveness of primary control of forest pests based on plant growth data and forest growth information.

[0060] The animal distribution module collects real-time animal data from the forest and compares the initial monitoring data with the real-time animal data to obtain animal distribution information.

[0061] The intermediate-level control module assesses the effectiveness of intermediate-level control of forest pests based on animal distribution information and forest growth information.

[0062] The pest control module combines the effects of primary and intermediate control measures to confirm the effectiveness of pest control, optimizes and adjusts pest control methods, and obtains new pest control solutions.

[0063] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0064] 1. Based on initial monitoring data of forest pests, the decomposition ratio of pest-decomposed substances is extracted. Plants whose decomposition substances meet nutrient requirements and whose decomposition ratios satisfy nutrient requirements are selected. Then, based on plant morphology, quantity, habit information, habitat accessibility, and distribution range, the monitoring difficulty of each plant is determined. Monitoring plants are selected from this pool, and monitoring data is obtained. Plant growth data is obtained by comparing the initial monitoring data with the monitored plant data. The pest control effect is evaluated from both plant and animal perspectives, and the pest control plan is adjusted accordingly. Adjusting the pest control plan based on the actual situation of plants and animals ensures that forest pest control considers multiple factors, minimizing disruption to the ecological balance. Furthermore, it reduces large-scale pest monitoring and improves the convenience of pest control for forest cultivation.

[0065] 2. Based on the judgment results of whether the plant growth between the most recent pest control time point and the real-time time point meets the preset standard, the effect response value of different plants to pest control is obtained. The pest control effect is obtained by combining the difference between the actual and estimated growth of plants in the forest, and the difference between the actual and estimated growth of forest trees under the preset growth standard. If the monitored plants affect the growth of forest trees, the cultivation impact value is obtained by combining the judgment results of whether the monitored plants have associated species, whether the associated species interfere with forest tree cultivation, the number of monitored plants, the resource competition rate between monitored plants and forest trees, and the average impact value of monitored plants on forest trees. Assessing the actual impact of pest control on forest cultivation can reduce damage to forest trees during subsequent pest control processes and improve the safety of trees used for pest control in forest cultivation.

[0066] 3. Based on animal habits, pest-preying animals are divided into detritus predators and non-detritus predators. The increase in the number of detritus predators and the decrease in the number of non-detritus predators are extracted based on animal distribution information to obtain the first control effect. The most recent pest control program is used to determine whether it affects animal survival. If it does, it is determined whether the impact of the pest control program on animal survival is continuous. If the impact is continuous, the average impact value of the pest control program is used as the animal impact value. If the impact is not continuous, the overlapping distribution range of animals and pests is obtained based on animal and pest distribution information. The animal impact value is obtained by combining the average activity frequency of animals and the average avoidance rate of animals in the pest control program. The pest control effect is evaluated based on animal population data, and conversely, the impact of pests on animals is also evaluated. This approach considers both the effectiveness of pest control and the actual ecological balance, improving the comprehensiveness and integration of pest control for forest cultivation. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the specific steps of an embodiment of a pest control method for forest cultivation according to the present invention.

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the module connections of an embodiment of a pest control system for forest cultivation according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The following examples and... Figures 1-2 The present invention will be described in further detail, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0070] This invention discloses a method for pest control in forest cultivation, specifically including the following steps:

[0071] Step S1: Obtain initial monitoring data of forest pests, extract nutrient information of pests based on the initial monitoring data, and select monitoring plants based on the nutrient information.

[0072] Step S2: Collect monitoring plant data of the forest and compare the initial monitoring data with the monitoring plant data to obtain plant growth data.

[0073] Initial monitoring data includes information such as pest distribution, pest quantity, plant and animal distribution, and plant and animal abundance. By comparing the initial growth of monitored plants during pest control with their real-time growth, plant growth data can be obtained. This data includes information such as plant growth status, plant quantity, and plant morphology.

[0074] Step S3: Obtain forest growth information and assess the primary control effect of forest pests based on plant growth data and forest growth information.

[0075] Step S4: Collect real-time animal data of the forest and compare the initial monitoring data with the real-time animal data to obtain animal distribution information.

[0076] Real-time animal data includes information such as animal distribution and animal numbers. By comparing this data with the initial monitoring data, changes in the distribution of animal numbers can be obtained.

[0077] Step S5: Based on animal distribution information and forest growth information, assess the intermediate control effect of forest pests.

[0078] Step S6: Combine the effects of primary and intermediate control to confirm the pest control effect, optimize and adjust the pest control measures, and obtain a new pest control plan.

[0079] In practical applications, monitoring forest pests is challenging due to the vastness of forest areas, rugged terrain, and the small size and concealment of some pests. Without follow-up monitoring after each pest control treatment, it's difficult to determine the effectiveness of the control measures and to improve or optimize the program. Furthermore, pest monitoring is resource-intensive due to the generally large forest areas, making conventional methods inconvenient and environmentally unfriendly. Monitoring and analyzing plants and animals after pest control provides a more direct and convenient way to assess the effectiveness. It also allows for a more comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the control's impact on ecological balance and forest conservation, leading to more comprehensive optimization of the program. For example, conventional pest monitoring assesses control effectiveness by counting pests. However, if pests die but trees also die, or if pest nutrients lead to a proliferation of other plants, hindering tree growth, the control is not considered effective. Simply monitoring pest numbers is not beneficial for forest conservation and maintaining ecological balance.

[0080] The steps for obtaining initial monitoring data on forest pests, extracting nutrient information about the pests from the initial monitoring data, and selecting monitoring plants based on the nutrient information are as follows:

[0081] Step S11: Obtain initial monitoring data on forest pests, including pest decomposition information and pest distribution information.

[0082] Step S12: Extract the decomposition ratio of insect pest decomposition substances based on the insect pest decomposition information, and obtain all forest plants as original plants.

[0083] Pest decomposition information includes, but is not limited to, the decomposition products of pests and the corresponding decomposition ratios of these products.

[0084] Step S13: Obtain the required nutrients from the original plants and select the original plants whose nutrient requirements are met by the decomposition of pests as the first plants.

[0085] Step S14: Collect the nutrient ratio of the original plant, and select the first plant whose decomposition ratio meets the nutrient ratio to obtain the second plant.

[0086] Step S15: Obtain plant information of the second plant, determine the monitoring difficulty based on the plant information, and select the second plant that meets the preset difficulty standard as the monitoring plant.

[0087] In practical applications, the decomposition of dead pests automatically produces nutrients, which can support the growth of some plants, increasing their numbers or growth rate. Insect carcasses, through enzymatic hydrolysis by microorganisms, produce ammonium nitrogen, chitin, and trace elements. However, not all plants require the same nutrients as the decomposed insect remains. In other words, if a plant's nutrient requirements are not met by the insect remains, it cannot rely on these nutrients for growth. Therefore, selection is based on the original plant's nutrient needs. This selection process involves confirming whether the insect decomposition products are essential nutrients for the original plant, thus identifying the best candidate. For example, poplar roots directly absorb ammonium nitrogen to synthesize glutamine, resulting in a 41% increase in seedling growth rate in areas rich in pine caterpillar carcasses. However, orchids (such as Cypripedium spp.) rely on low-nitrogen environments; insect decomposition caused a 0.8-unit increase in soil pH, reducing flowering rate to 23% of the control group. While insect decomposition products may meet the nutrient requirements of some plants, if the required nutrient ratio is not met, it still cannot accelerate plant growth or have a substantial impact on the plant. The similarity between nutrient ratios and decomposition ratios can be compared using a cosine similarity model, and a second plant can be selected by setting a similarity threshold. By filtering plants based on the nutrients provided by dead pests during pest control, plants actually affected can be chosen, and monitoring plants can be selected based on the difficulty of monitoring, thus improving the convenience of monitoring.

[0088] The steps for determining the monitoring difficulty based on plant information and selecting a second plant that meets the preset difficulty criteria as the monitoring plant are as follows:

[0089] Step S151: Extract the morphology of the second plant based on the plant information and count the number of morphologies.

[0090] Some plants exhibit morphological changes due to growth stages, environment, defense mechanisms, and other factors, thus possessing multiple forms. For example, the vegetative leaves of the *Pteris vittata* (family Pteridaceae) are 60 cm long and 4 cm wide, while its sporophytes are extremely narrow (0.6 cm wide). Similarly, the normal leaf shape of the *Mimosa pudica* differs from its leaf shape in response to touch. This study statistically analyzed the possible morphologies of a second plant during its growth process.

[0091] Step S152: Collect plant habit information of the second plant and extract the location characteristics of plant distribution based on the plant habit information.

[0092] Plant habit information includes information such as the locations and environments in which plants prefer to grow. Based on the plant habit information, the location characteristics of the plants' daily preferred distribution are extracted.

[0093] Step S153: Construct a forest map and mark the growth location of the second plant on the forest map according to the location characteristics.

[0094] Step S154: Confirm the habitat accessibility value of the growing location, and calculate the average habitat accessibility value of all growing locations as the habitat accessibility ease.

[0095] Habitat accessibility refers to the ease with which humans or monitoring equipment can safely, efficiently, and completely access and obtain data on a target species (such as plants or animals) and its habitat. Habitat accessibility is higher when plants grow in areas difficult to monitor. The habitat accessibility value is obtained by acquiring the population flow, average monitoring frequency, and average monitoring accuracy at the growing location, setting weights for each of these factors, and multiplying each factor by its corresponding weight and summing the results.

[0096] Step S155: Calculate the distribution area of ​​the second plant on the forest map, and combine the morphological quantity and habitat accessibility to obtain the monitoring difficulty of the second plant. Select the second plant that meets the preset difficulty standard as the monitoring plant.

[0097] In practical applications, weighted ratios are set for morphological quantity, habitat accessibility, and distribution area. These weighted ratios are then multiplied by themselves and summed to obtain the monitoring difficulty. A higher morphological quantity increases the monitoring difficulty, making it harder to confirm plant numbers and requiring more meticulous monitoring for accurate results. Conversely, lower habitat accessibility increases the monitoring difficulty because it's harder to reach the plant's location. For example, Victoria water lilies grow in swamps where water depth > 3m and visibility < 0.5m during the rainy season, resulting in a low habitat accessibility value.

[0098] The larger the distribution area, the easier it is to monitor the plants, because a larger distribution area means it is easier to monitor the plants. On the other hand, the smaller the distribution area, the more difficult it is to monitor the plants because the forest area itself is very large.

[0099] The steps for obtaining forest growth information and assessing the effectiveness of primary control of forest pests based on plant growth data and forest growth information are as follows:

[0100] Step S31: Collect the time interval between the most recent pest control time point and the real-time time point as the interval duration.

[0101] Initial monitoring data refers to the monitoring data after the most recent pest control. The time between the time of the most recent pest control and the real-time time point refers to the monitoring time of the pest.

[0102] Step S32: Based on the plant's habit information, estimate the plant's growth within the interval and determine whether the growth reaches the preset growth standard.

[0103] Growth can be measured by information such as the number of plants growing or their growth status. For example, if a plant like a tree is not growing much, its height can be used as the growth measure. For plants that grow a lot, the number of plants growing or the overall growth status of the plant can be used as the growth measure. The growth measure is confirmed by comparing the real-time growth status with the growth status monitored previously using a cosine similarity model.

[0104] Step S33: If the preset growth rate standard is reached, the difference between the growth rate and the growth rate standard is calculated as the effect reflection value.

[0105] In step S34, if the preset growth rate standard is not met, the effect response value is the lowest value.

[0106] Step S35: Based on the plant growth data of the monitored plants, the number of pest deaths is estimated, and the pest control effect is obtained by combining the effect feedback value.

[0107] Step S36: Extract the growth stage of forest trees based on forest growth information and determine whether the monitored plants affect the growth of forest trees.

[0108] Acquiring information on the growth stages of forest trees involves gathering data on their growth requirements and assessing whether monitored plants negatively impact these requirements. For example, forest trees need sunlight and soil nutrients. However, as trees grow taller, they block sunlight from other plants, so these other plants don't significantly affect their sunlight absorption. Their root systems also become more robust, so most plants don't hinder their growth. But if forest trees are still seedlings, certain plants can severely impact their growth.

[0109] Step S37: If the monitored plants affect the growth of forest trees, obtain the cultivation impact value of the monitored plants on the cultivation of forest trees, and combine it with the pest control effect to obtain the primary control effect.

[0110] In practical applications, if the monitored plants do not affect the growth of forest trees, the pest control effect is directly taken as the primary control effect. Because plant growth is slow, and different plants grow at different rates, if plant growth is minimal within a given time interval, it is difficult to reflect the pest control effect through plant growth alone. For example, with an interval of one month, the growth of mature trees is extremely slow, making it difficult to detect changes within a month and thus failing to reflect the effect of pest control. The effectiveness of pest control needs to consider not only the direct effects of pest death on trees but also the indirect impacts of pests on forest cultivation to obtain a more accurate assessment of pest control results.

[0111] The steps for estimating the number of pest deaths based on monitored plant growth data and combining this with effect feedback values ​​to determine the effectiveness of pest control are as follows:

[0112] Step S351: Collect forest environmental data within the time interval, and estimate the estimated growth of monitored plants based on the forest environmental data.

[0113] The growth quantity of the monitored plants under their optimal growth environment is obtained. Based on the difference between the forest environment and the optimal growth environment, the growth quantity of the monitored plants is estimated. If the monitored plants do not belong to the type of quantitative growth, other growth quantities such as growth height are estimated.

[0114] Step S352: Extract the actual growth quantity of the monitored plants from the plant growth data, and calculate the difference between the actual growth quantity and the estimated growth quantity as the basic treatment effect.

[0115] Step S353: Determine whether the growth of forest trees within the time interval has reached the preset growth standard. If it has reached the preset growth standard, then estimate the estimated growth of forest trees based on forest environmental data.

[0116] Step S354: Statistically analyze the actual tree growth in the forest, calculate the difference between the actual tree growth and the estimated tree growth, and combine this with the basic management results to obtain the pest control effect.

[0117] In practical applications, the difference between the actual and estimated tree growth, along with the effectiveness of basic pest control measures, is used to determine the pest control effect. If the number of plants in the growing environment increases more than expected, it indicates that the plants have received additional nutrients, which are identified as originating from pest debris. The more pest debris, the better the pest control effect, resulting in a higher number of dead pests. The nutrients from dead pests not only promote the growth of other plants but also the growth of forest trees. However, forest trees grow slowly. If the forest tree growth rate reaches the growth target, the pest control effect can be reflected in the forest tree growth. The forest tree growth not only reflects the nutrient supply from dead pests but also the damage to the trees caused by the reduction in pest numbers, resulting in a more comprehensive and accurate assessment of the pest control effect.

[0118] The specific steps for obtaining the cultivation impact values ​​of monitored plants on forest tree cultivation are as follows:

[0119] Step S371: Based on the plant habit information, determine whether the monitored plant has companion species. If there are companion species, determine whether the companion species interferes with the cultivation of forest trees.

[0120] Some plants have associated species. For example, pine roots secrete sugars. For every 3.2 μg of sugar secreted, the surface area of ​​Boletus mycelium is increased 400 times after absorption. Therefore, Boletus is an associated species of pine trees.

[0121] Step S372: If the associated species interferes with the cultivation of forest trees, the associated species number is estimated based on the actual growth of the monitored plants.

[0122] When pests die, they decompose into nutrients, causing some plants to grow rapidly. If these plants have companion species, the companion species will also grow rapidly, and the companion species may also interfere with the cultivation of forest trees.

[0123] Step S373: Estimate the associated impact value of associated species on forest tree cultivation based on the number of associated species.

[0124] Historical impact data is collected to determine the average impact of associated species on trees at different growth stages in the forest. The associated impact value is then estimated based on the quantity. For example, if associated species A slows the growth rate of seedlings by 0.1% per square meter, and there are 100 square meters of associated species A, the estimated slowdown is 10%. Alternatively, the average slowdown in tree growth caused by 100 square meters of associated species A in historical data can be used as the associated impact value.

[0125] Step S374: Collect and monitor the resource competition rate between plants and forest trees, collect and monitor the average impact value of plants on forest trees, and combine the associated impact value to obtain the cultivation impact value.

[0126] In practical applications, the resource competition rate between plants and forest trees is monitored. This rate can be obtained by comparing the resource absorption rates of monitored plants and forest trees. The average impact of the actual growth of monitored plants on forest trees is extracted from historical data. This impact can be assessed by the user, based on plant mortality and growth status. Weighting ratios are set for the resource competition rate, average impact value, and associated plant impact value. The resulting sum of these weighted ratios yields the cultivation impact value. A higher resource competition rate indicates fewer forest tree resources, thus affecting forest tree cultivation. Furthermore, the greater the impact of the monitored plants and associated plants on forest trees, the greater the impact on forest tree cultivation.

[0127] The steps for assessing the effectiveness of intermediate-level control of forest pests based on animal distribution and forest growth information are as follows:

[0128] Step S51: Obtain animal behavior information and determine whether the animal preys on forest pests based on the animal behavior information.

[0129] Some animals do not prey on pests and are therefore less affected by pest control measures.

[0130] Step S52: Select animals that prey on forest pests and record them as predators. Based on whether the predators prey on the remains of pests, predators are divided into detritus predators and non-detritus predators.

[0131] In ecosystems, predatory animals exhibit significant differences in their feeding preferences for prey (pests): some groups strictly prey on live prey, while others specialize in dead insects or consume both. For example, the compound eyes of the tiger beetle are highly sensitive to moving targets, losing interest once the prey becomes still. The Chinese ground beetle, for instance, preys on live grubs and also feeds on earthworm carcasses.

[0132] Step S53: Extract the increase in the number of detritus predators and the decrease in the number of non-detritus predators based on animal distribution information to obtain the first prevention and control effect.

[0133] For animals that prey on insect remains, a high insect mortality rate when pest control is effective attracts more predators. Therefore, the increase in the number of predators reflects the effectiveness of pest control. Meanwhile, non-predators will decrease in number as pests decrease and they will seek food elsewhere. The combined effect of the increase in predators and the decrease in non-predators yields the first level of pest control effectiveness.

[0134] Step S54: Determine the impact value of the pest control program on the animals based on the animal distribution information and record it as the animal impact value.

[0135] Step S55: Combine the first prevention and control effect with the animal impact value to obtain the intermediate prevention and control effect.

[0136] In practical applications, weighted ratios are set for the first-level control effect and the animal impact value. The intermediate-level control effect is obtained by multiplying the first-level control effect, the animal impact value, and their corresponding weighted ratios, and then summing the results. In forest management and pest control, because forests also contain various animals, these animals can reflect the effectiveness of pest control. On the one hand, changes in animal populations reflect pest populations; on the other hand, pest control affects animal survival. Analyzing the impact of pest control programs on animals and assessing the effectiveness of pest control from an ecological balance perspective provides a more comprehensive evaluation and improves the environmental friendliness of pest control.

[0137] The steps for determining and recording the impact of pest control programs on animals based on animal distribution information are as follows:

[0138] Step S541: Obtain the most recent pest control plan and determine whether the pest control plan affects animal survival.

[0139] Step S542: If the pest control program affects animal survival, determine whether the impact on animal survival is continuous.

[0140] Step S543: If the pest control program has a continuous impact on animal survival, then obtain the average impact value of the pest control program as the animal impact value.

[0141] Step S544: If the pest control program does not have a continuous impact on animal survival, collect animal activity information and evaluate the animal impact value based on the activity information.

[0142] In practical applications, pest control schemes come in various types, including biological, physical, and chemical control, with even more specific schemes available. Some control schemes that introduce natural enemies do not affect the survival of other animals, thus indicating that the scheme has no impact on animal survival. However, some physical control methods, such as wrapping the roots of scale insects with plastic tape (30cm wide) to prevent them from climbing trees, may occasionally affect animal activity. Chemical control methods, such as pesticide spraying, have a continuous impact on animal survival due to the large-scale application and the potential for pesticide volatilization or contamination of animal habitats. The average impact value of this type of pest control scheme is extracted from historical pest control data as the animal impact value, which can be assessed by evaluating animal mortality rates.

[0143] If the impact of pest control measures on animal survival is not continuous, the steps for collecting animal activity information and assessing the impact value based on this information are as follows:

[0144] Step S5441: Obtain the overlapping distribution range of animals and pests based on animal distribution information and pest distribution information.

[0145] Step S5442: Obtain the average activity frequency of animals, collect the average avoidance rate of animals in the pest control program, and evaluate the animal impact value by combining the overlapping distribution range.

[0146] In practical applications, if the impact of pest control measures on animal survival is not continuous, then the measures should be targeted. The pest control area, i.e., the distribution range of the pests, may affect the survival of organisms within overlapping distribution areas. We set weights for the average activity frequency of animals, the average avoidance rate of animals in the pest control plan, and the overlapping distribution range. The animal impact value is obtained by multiplying these weights by their respective weights. A larger overlapping distribution range increases the probability of animals encountering the pest control facilities. Similarly, a higher average activity frequency increases the probability of animals encountering pest-affected facilities, thus resulting in a greater impact value. The average avoidance rate of animals in the pest control plan can be calculated as the ratio of the number of times animals avoid the facilities to the number of times they encounter them. A higher average avoidance rate indicates that animals actively avoid pest-affected facilities, resulting in a smaller impact value.

[0147] A pest control system for forest cultivation, comprising the application of a pest control method for forest cultivation as described above, including:

[0148] The plant monitoring module acquires initial monitoring data on forest pests, extracts nutrient information of the pests based on the initial monitoring data, and selects monitoring plants based on the nutrient information.

[0149] The plant growth module collects monitoring plant data from the forest and compares the initial monitoring data with the monitoring plant data to obtain plant growth data.

[0150] The primary control module acquires forest growth information and assesses the effectiveness of primary control of forest pests based on plant growth data and forest growth information.

[0151] The animal distribution module collects real-time animal data from the forest and compares the initial monitoring data with the real-time animal data to obtain animal distribution information.

[0152] The intermediate-level control module assesses the effectiveness of intermediate-level control of forest pests based on animal distribution information and forest growth information.

[0153] The pest control module combines the effects of primary and intermediate control measures to confirm the effectiveness of pest control, optimizes and adjusts pest control methods, and obtains new pest control solutions.

[0154] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for pest control in forest cultivation, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: Obtain initial monitoring data on forest pests, extract nutrient information of the pests based on the initial monitoring data, and select monitoring plants based on the nutrient information; Collect monitoring plant data in the forest and compare the initial monitoring data with the monitoring plant data to obtain plant growth data; Obtain forest growth information, and assess the primary control effect of forest pests based on plant growth data and forest growth information; Collect real-time animal data in the forest and compare the initial monitoring data with the real-time animal data to obtain animal distribution information; The intermediate-level control effect of forest pests was assessed based on animal distribution information and forest growth information. By combining the effects of primary and intermediate control measures, the effectiveness of pest control is confirmed. The pest control measures are then optimized and adjusted to obtain a new pest control plan.

2. The method for pest control in forest cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of obtaining initial monitoring data on forest pests, extracting nutrient information of the pests based on the initial monitoring data, and selecting monitoring plants based on the nutrient information are as follows: Acquire initial monitoring data on forest pests, including pest decomposition information and pest distribution information; Based on the information on insect pest decomposition, the decomposition ratio of insect pest decomposition substances is extracted, and all forest plants are obtained as the original plants. Obtain the nutrients required by the original plants, and select the original plants whose nutrient requirements are met by the decomposition of pests as the first plants; The nutrient ratio of the original plants is collected, and the first plant whose decomposition ratio meets the nutrient ratio is selected to obtain the second plant. Obtain plant information for the second plant, determine the monitoring difficulty based on the plant information, and select the second plant that meets the preset difficulty standard as the monitoring plant.

3. The method for pest control in forest cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the monitoring difficulty based on plant information and selecting a second plant that meets the preset difficulty standard as the monitoring plant is as follows: The morphology of the second plant was extracted based on the plant information, and the number of morphologies was counted. Collect information on the plant habits of the second plant, and extract the location characteristics of the plant distribution based on the plant habit information; Construct a forest map and mark the growth locations of the second plant on the forest map based on location characteristics; Confirm the habitat accessibility value of the growing location, and calculate the average habitat accessibility value of all growing locations as the habitat accessibility ease; The distribution area of ​​the second plant on the forest map is statistically analyzed. The monitoring difficulty of the second plant is obtained by combining its morphological quantity and habitat accessibility. Second plants that meet the preset difficulty criteria are selected as monitoring plants.

4. The method for pest control in forest cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steps of obtaining forest growth information and assessing the primary control effect of forest pests based on plant growth data and forest growth information are as follows: The time interval between the most recent pest control time point and the real-time time point is collected as the interval duration. Based on plant habit information, the growth of plants is estimated and monitored within the interval to determine whether the growth reaches the preset growth standard. If the preset growth target is met, the difference between the growth target and the growth target is calculated as the effect reflection value. If the preset growth target is not met, the effect response value will be the lowest value. The number of pest deaths is estimated based on the plant growth data of the monitored plants, and the pest control effect is obtained by combining the effect feedback value. Based on forest growth information, the growth stages of forest trees are extracted to determine whether the monitored plants affect the growth of forest trees. If the monitored plants affect the growth of forest trees, the cultivation impact value of the monitored plants on the cultivation of forest trees is obtained, and the primary control effect is obtained by combining the pest control effect.

5. A method for pest control in forest cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of estimating the number of pest deaths based on monitored plant growth data and combining this with the effect feedback value to determine the pest control effect is as follows: Collect forest environmental data at intervals and estimate the estimated growth of monitored plants based on the forest environmental data; The actual growth quantity of monitored plants is extracted from plant growth data, and the difference between the actual growth quantity and the estimated growth quantity is recorded as the basic treatment effect. Determine whether the growth of forest trees within the specified time interval has reached the preset growth standard. If it has reached the preset growth standard, then estimate the estimated growth of forest trees based on forest environmental data. The actual tree growth in the forest is statistically analyzed, the difference between the actual and estimated tree growth is calculated, and the pest control effect is obtained by combining the results of basic management.

6. The method for pest control in forest cultivation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining the cultivation impact values ​​of monitored plants on forest tree cultivation are as follows: Based on plant habit information, determine whether the monitored plant has companion species; if there are companion species, determine whether the companion species interfere with the cultivation of forest trees. If associated species interfere with the cultivation of forest trees, the number of associated species should be estimated based on the actual growth of monitored plants. The associated impact of associated species on forest tree cultivation is estimated based on the number of associated species. The resource competition rate between plants and forest trees is collected and monitored, the average impact value of plants on forest trees is collected and monitored, and the cultivation impact value is obtained by combining the associated impact value.

7. A method for pest control in forest cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The steps for assessing the intermediate-level control effect of forest pests based on animal distribution information and forest growth information are as follows: Obtain information about animal habits and determine whether an animal preys on forest pests based on that information. Animals that prey on forest pests are categorized as predators. Based on whether or not they consume insect remains, predators are further classified into detritus predators and non-detritus predators. Based on animal distribution information, the increase in the number of detritus predators and the decrease in the number of non-detritus predators are extracted to obtain the first prevention and control effect; Determine the impact of pest control programs on animals based on animal distribution information and record it as the animal impact value; The intermediate-level control effect is obtained by combining the first-level control effect and the animal impact value.

8. A method for pest control in forest cultivation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of determining the impact of pest control programs on animals based on animal distribution information and recording it as the animal impact value is as follows: Obtain the most recent pest control plan and determine whether the pest control plan affects animal survival; If it affects animal survival, then determine whether the pest control program has a continuous and uninterrupted impact on animal survival; If the pest control program has a continuous impact on animal survival, then the average impact value of the pest control program is taken as the animal impact value. If the impact of pest control measures on animal survival is not continuous, then animal activity information should be collected, and the impact value on animals should be assessed based on the activity information.

9. A method for pest control in forest cultivation according to claim 8, characterized in that, If the pest control program does not have a continuous impact on animal survival, the specific steps for collecting animal activity information and assessing the impact value based on this information are as follows: The overlapping distribution range of animals and pests is obtained based on animal distribution information and pest distribution information; The average activity frequency of animals was obtained, the average avoidance rate of animals in pest control programs was collected, and the animal impact value was obtained by combining the overlapping distribution range.

10. A pest control system for forest cultivation, characterized in that, The method for pest control in forest cultivation as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes: The plant monitoring module acquires initial monitoring data on forest pests, extracts nutrient information of the pests based on the initial monitoring data, and selects monitoring plants based on the nutrient information. The plant growth module collects monitoring plant data from the forest and compares the initial monitoring data with the monitoring plant data to obtain plant growth data. The primary control module acquires forest growth information and evaluates the effectiveness of primary control of forest pests based on plant growth data and forest growth information. The animal distribution module collects real-time animal data from the forest and compares the initial monitoring data with the real-time animal data to obtain animal distribution information. The intermediate-level control module assesses the effectiveness of intermediate-level control of forest pests based on animal distribution information and forest growth information. The pest control module combines the effects of primary and intermediate control measures to confirm the effectiveness of pest control, optimizes and adjusts pest control methods, and obtains new pest control solutions.

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