COT-based constant voltage control method, apparatus and device, and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of output control, in particular to a COT-based constant voltage control method, device and equipment and a storage medium, and the method achieves the precise control of the total duration of a target period through the dynamic adjustment of the turn-off time on the basis of the fixed turn-on time, can quickly respond to the sudden change of a load, and improves the stability of the load. The overshoot or undershoot phenomenon of the output voltage is reduced; specifically, voltage information is sampled in real time within the period conduction time, and the turn-off time of the next period is immediately adjusted after the period is ended, so that error accumulation caused by delayed adjustment in a traditional control mode is avoided, the dynamic response capability to battery voltage fluctuation is enhanced, and the output precision is improved; besides, a strategy of synchronous opening and unified adjustment of turn-off time is adopted, so that the consistency of the turn-off time of multi-path output in a starting stage and a subsequent period is ensured, load change disturbance caused by asynchronous turn-off is avoided, and voltage rise deviation of a later turn-off channel is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of output control technology, and in particular to a constant voltage control method, device, equipment and storage medium based on COT. Background Technology

[0002] In applications of portable products powered by lithium batteries, such as e-cigarettes, it is often necessary to achieve two or more output channels, and each channel must output the same average voltage, RMS voltage, or average power. However, existing technologies have the following problems in meeting these requirements:

[0003] 1. Battery voltage fluctuation and control delay issues: When using lithium battery power, the battery voltage will gradually decrease over time, and the voltage may change even within a single millisecond-level output cycle. This voltage fluctuation will directly lead to unstable output voltage or power. In addition, due to the limitations of the device's computing speed, the average voltage or power measured during the current cycle's on-time cannot be directly used to control the off-time of the current cycle, and can only be adjusted in the next cycle. This delayed adjustment method is very likely to cause the accumulation of errors, thereby affecting the output accuracy.

[0004] 2. Voltage fluctuation problem caused by asynchronous shutdown of multiple channels: Multi-channel output is generally turned on synchronously, but due to the difference in parameters of each channel, asynchronous shutdown may occur. For example, channel A is turned off first, and channel B is turned off later. When asynchronous shutdown occurs, the output voltage of the channel that is turned off later will rise significantly after the other channel is turned off, due to the change in the load of the power supply circuit. This causes the average voltage or power of the channel that is turned off later to deviate from the preset target within the cycle, and the existing control logic is difficult to compensate for such disturbances in real time.

[0005] For multi-channel constant voltage or constant power control, the existing COT control strategy adopts a fixed on-time design, and the off-time changes dynamically with the input voltage and load. If the load changes rapidly, since the on-time is preset, it is impossible to achieve a fast response by adjusting the on-time in real time. As a result, the output voltage may overshoot or undershoot, and the fluctuation of the operating frequency will have an adverse effect on the electromagnetic compatibility design of the system.

[0006] It is evident that existing technologies still need improvement and enhancement. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a constant voltage control method based on COT, which effectively improves the accuracy, stability and dynamic response performance of multi-output constant voltage control, and solves the key problems of voltage fluctuation, control delay and multi-channel asynchronous disturbance in the prior art.

[0008] The first aspect of this invention provides a constant voltage control method based on COT (Constant On-Time), comprising: acquiring preset key parameters, the key parameters including a fixed on-time, a target output voltage, and a nominal battery voltage; confirming initial parameters based on the preset key parameters, the initial parameters including an initial duty cycle, an initial total cycle duration, and an initial off-time; controlling multiple outputs to synchronously turn on based on the confirmed initial parameters at the device startup time; acquiring real-time voltage information during the on-time of cycle k, where cycle k ≥ 1; confirming the target total cycle duration based on the acquired real-time voltage information at the end time of cycle k; and adjusting the off-time of the (k+1)th cycle based on the confirmed target total cycle duration and the fixed on-time.

[0009] Optionally, in a first implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of confirming the initial parameters based on preset key parameters, wherein the initial parameters include an initial duty cycle, an initial total cycle duration, and an initial turn-off time, includes: confirming the initial duty cycle based on the target output voltage and the nominal battery voltage; confirming the initial total cycle duration based on the fixed on-time and the initial duty cycle; and confirming the initial turn-off time based on the initial total cycle duration and the fixed on-time.

[0010] Optionally, in a second implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of acquiring real-time voltage information during the conduction time of period k, wherein period k ≥ 1, includes: during the conduction time of period k, wherein period k ≥ 1, continuously sampling the real-time output voltage and real-time battery voltage of multiple outputs multiple times through an analog-to-digital converter; calculating the average value of the sampled multiple real-time output voltages and multiple real-time battery voltages respectively to obtain multiple average output voltages and average battery voltages corresponding to the multiple outputs; and integrating the multiple average output voltages and average battery voltages corresponding to the multiple outputs to obtain real-time voltage information.

[0011] Optionally, in a third implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of determining the target total duration of the cycle based on the acquired real-time voltage information at the end of cycle k includes: at the end of cycle k, calculating the output voltage deviation based on the average output voltage and the target output voltage; calculating the target duty cycle based on the output voltage deviation, the target output voltage, and the average battery voltage; and calculating the target total duration of the cycle based on the fixed on-time and the target duty cycle.

[0012] Optionally, in a fourth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, adjusting the turn-off time of the (k+1)th cycle based on the confirmed total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on-time includes: calculating the target turn-off time based on the confirmed total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on-time; and adjusting the turn-off time of the (k+1)th cycle based on the calculated target turn-off time.

[0013] Optionally, in a fifth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the calculation of the output voltage deviation further includes: if the absolute value of the calculated voltage deviation is greater than a preset compensation voltage deviation, obtaining a preset compensation coefficient; confirming the compensation turn-off time based on the preset compensation coefficient, the target output voltage, and the calculated voltage deviation; and adjusting the turn-off time of the k+1 cycle based on the confirmed compensation turn-off time.

[0014] Optionally, in a sixth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of calculating the target shutdown time based on the confirmed total duration of the target period and the fixed conduction time further includes: obtaining a preset minimum shutdown time and a preset maximum shutdown time; if the calculated target shutdown time is less than the preset minimum shutdown time, then the target shutdown time is set to the preset minimum shutdown time; if the calculated target shutdown time is greater than the preset maximum shutdown time, then the target shutdown time is set to the preset maximum shutdown time.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a constant voltage control device based on COT, comprising: a first acquisition module for acquiring preset key parameters, the key parameters including a fixed on-time, a target output voltage, and a nominal battery voltage; a first confirmation module for confirming initial parameters based on the preset key parameters, the initial parameters including an initial duty cycle, an initial total cycle duration, and an initial off-time; a startup module for controlling the synchronous activation of multiple outputs based on the confirmed initial parameters at the device startup time; a second acquisition module for acquiring real-time voltage information during the on-time of cycle k, where cycle k ≥ 1; a second confirmation module for confirming the target total cycle duration based on the acquired real-time voltage information at the end of cycle k; and an adjustment module for adjusting the off-time of the (k+1)th cycle based on the confirmed target total cycle duration and the fixed on-time.

[0016] A third aspect of the present invention provides a constant voltage control device based on COT, the constant voltage control device based on COT comprising: a memory and at least one processor, the memory storing instructions; at least one processor calling the instructions in the memory to cause the constant voltage control device based on COT to execute the various steps of the constant voltage control method based on COT described above.

[0017] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the constant voltage control method based on COT described in any of the preceding claims.

[0018] The technical solution of this invention effectively improves the accuracy, stability, and dynamic response performance of multi-output constant voltage control, solving key problems such as voltage fluctuations, control delays, and asynchronous disturbances in existing technologies. Based on a fixed on-time, it achieves precise control of the total duration of the target cycle by dynamically adjusting the off-time, enabling rapid response to sudden load changes and reducing overshoot or undershoot of the output voltage. Simultaneously, stable calculation of the total duration of the target cycle helps reduce the fluctuation amplitude of the operating frequency and optimizes the system's electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design. Specifically, by sampling voltage information in real time during the cycle's on-time and adjusting the off-time of the next cycle immediately after the cycle ends, it avoids the error accumulation caused by delayed adjustment in traditional control methods, enhancing the dynamic response capability to battery voltage fluctuations and improving output accuracy. Furthermore, the strategy of synchronous on-time and unified off-time adjustment ensures consistency in the off-time of multiple outputs during the startup phase and subsequent cycles, avoiding load change disturbances caused by asynchronous off-time and reducing voltage rise deviation in the later-off channels. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A logic flowchart of the constant voltage control method based on COT provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a COT-based constant pressure control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a COT-based constant pressure control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] This invention provides a constant voltage control method, apparatus, device, and storage medium based on COT. In this invention, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present)," in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than that illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" or "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0023] This application discloses a constant voltage control method based on COT. For ease of understanding, the specific process of the embodiments of the present invention is described below. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 One embodiment of the constant voltage control method based on COT in this invention includes:

[0024] 101. Obtain preset key parameters, including fixed conduction time, target output voltage, and nominal battery voltage;

[0025] In this embodiment, key parameters include fixed conduction time, target output voltage, and nominal battery voltage. The fixed conduction time is a fixed value set in advance based on hardware characteristics, such as the response speed of the switching transistor and the charging and discharging efficiency of the inductor, to ensure that the conduction phase duration is uniform in each cycle. The target output voltage is the stable output voltage required by the device, such as 5V or 12V. The nominal battery voltage is the standard voltage of the power supply battery, such as a 3.7V lithium battery, and is used as the reference voltage for initial calculations.

[0026] 102. Confirm the initial parameters based on preset key parameters, including the initial duty cycle, the initial total cycle duration, and the initial shutdown time;

[0027] In this embodiment, the initial parameters include the initial duty cycle, the initial total cycle duration, and the initial shutdown time. The initial duty cycle is calculated from the ratio of the target output voltage to the nominal battery voltage, reflecting the theoretical proportion of the conduction time to the cycle. The initial total cycle duration is obtained by dividing the fixed conduction time by the initial duty cycle, matching the cycle requirements under the nominal voltage. The initial shutdown time is the initial total cycle duration minus the fixed conduction time, which is the shutdown duration of the first cycle when the device starts up.

[0028] In this embodiment, by clarifying the logical relationship between key parameters and initial parameters, it can be ensured that the output of the device at startup matches the theoretical design, effectively avoiding abnormal voltage conditions during startup. These abnormal conditions include overshoot due to excessively high voltage at startup and undershoot due to insufficient voltage after startup.

[0029] 103. At the time of device startup, control the synchronous activation of multiple outputs based on the confirmed initial parameters;

[0030] In this embodiment, at the moment of device startup, based on the aforementioned initial parameters, all output channels are controlled to simultaneously enter the conduction phase. For example, in a dual-output scenario, channels A and B begin conduction at the same time, and the conduction duration is a fixed conduction time, avoiding output inconsistency caused by channel opening time differences during startup. Multi-channel synchronous activation is a key design feature that distinguishes it from traditional control. Traditional multi-channel control often results in asynchronous startup / shutdown due to differences in channel parameters. However, this step avoids output deviation during startup from the source by unifying initial parameters and synchronous triggering signals. It eliminates the startup time difference of multiple channels, prevents uneven load distribution caused by one channel starting first, and reduces voltage fluctuations in subsequent cycles. It is especially suitable for scenarios with high requirements for multi-channel consistency, such as electronic cigarettes and multi-module power supply.

[0031] 104. During the conduction time of period k, real-time voltage information is acquired, wherein period k ≥ 1;

[0032] In this embodiment, the period k≥1, and when k=1, it is the first operating cycle; during the conduction phase of each cycle, real-time voltage data is collected through a voltage sampling circuit, such as an ADC analog-to-digital converter, including the output voltage of each channel and the current battery power supply voltage, to provide data support for the subsequent target shutdown time confirmation.

[0033] 105. At the end of period k, based on the acquired real-time voltage information, confirm the total duration of the target period;

[0034] In this embodiment, when cycle k ends, that is, when both the conduction and turn-off phases are completed, the deviation between the current output voltage and the target output voltage is calculated based on the real-time voltage information collected in step 104 and combined with the target output voltage. Then, the total target cycle duration that the next cycle needs to meet is derived to ensure that the output voltage of the next cycle can approach the target voltage.

[0035] 106. Based on the confirmed total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on-time, adjust the off-time of the (k+1)th cycle;

[0036] In this embodiment, the turn-off time of the (k+1)th cycle is determined based on the difference between the total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on-time. Since the fixed on-time remains unchanged, the total duration of the cycle can be changed by adjusting the turn-off time, thereby correcting the duty cycle and achieving dynamic adjustment of the output voltage. Through the connection design between cycle k and cycle k+1, that is, by adjusting the turn-off time of cycle k+1 after cycle k ends, the limitation of sampling and adjustment delay of more than one cycle in traditional control is broken. That is, the adjustment cycle is compressed to a single cycle lag, which greatly improves the response speed and can quickly cope with sudden situations such as sudden drop in battery voltage and sudden change in load.

[0037] This application discloses a constant voltage control method based on COT (Constant Voltage Oscillator), which effectively improves the accuracy, stability, and dynamic response performance of multi-output constant voltage control, and solves key problems in the prior art such as voltage fluctuation, control delay, and multi-channel asynchronous disturbance. Based on a fixed on-time, it achieves precise control of the total duration of the target cycle by dynamically adjusting the off-time, enabling rapid response to sudden load changes and reducing overshoot or undershoot of the output voltage. Simultaneously, stable calculation of the total duration of the target cycle helps reduce the fluctuation amplitude of the operating frequency and optimizes the system's electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design. Specifically, by sampling voltage information in real time during the cycle's on-time and adjusting the off-time of the next cycle immediately after the cycle ends, it avoids the error accumulation caused by delayed adjustment in traditional control methods, enhances the dynamic response capability to battery voltage fluctuations, and improves output accuracy. Furthermore, by adopting a strategy of synchronous on-time and unified off-time adjustment, it ensures that the off-time of multiple outputs remains consistent during the startup phase and subsequent cycles, avoiding load change disturbances caused by asynchronous off-time and reducing voltage rise deviation in the later off-time channel.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the initial parameters are confirmed based on preset key parameters. These initial parameters include an initial duty cycle, an initial total cycle duration, and an initial shutdown time, comprising:

[0039] 201. Determine the initial duty cycle based on the target output voltage and nominal battery voltage;

[0040] In this embodiment, the initial duty cycle is calculated as follows: Initial duty cycle = Target output voltage / Nominal battery voltage. For example, if the target nominal output voltage is set to 5V and the nominal battery voltage is 3.7V, the initial duty cycle is approximately 1.35. The initial duty cycle can essentially be considered as a voltage matching coefficient. When the battery voltage is higher than the target output voltage, the duty cycle calculation logic is to achieve the target output by utilizing the boost characteristics of the inductor. During the conduction phase, the inductor stores energy; during the turn-off phase, the inductor releases energy, thereby making the output voltage higher than the input voltage. The magnitude of the duty cycle directly reflects the boost requirement: the larger the duty cycle, the greater the gap between the nominal battery voltage and the target output voltage, requiring more energy storage and release operations.

[0041] 202. Determine the total duration of the initial cycle based on the fixed on-time and initial duty cycle;

[0042] In this embodiment, the initial cycle duration is calculated as follows: Initial cycle duration = Fixed on-time / Initial duty cycle. If the fixed on-time is 2ms and the initial duty cycle is 1.35, the total initial cycle duration is approximately 1.48ms. If the calculated total initial cycle duration is too short, such as less than 1ms, it may lead to an excessively high switching frequency, exceeding the maximum switching frequency of the switching transistor. Therefore, when actually setting the fixed on-time, this problem needs to be avoided in advance to ensure that the total initial cycle duration is within the hardware's allowable range. In addition, in practical applications, when the duty cycle is greater than 1, the total cycle duration will be less than the fixed on-time, meaning that the off-time is negative. At this time, the minimum off-time limit will be triggered to ensure that the off-time is not negative, thus ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the adjustment process.

[0043] 203. Determine the initial turn-off time based on the initial total cycle duration and fixed conduction time;

[0044] In this embodiment, the initial turn-off time is calculated using the formula: Initial turn-off time = Initial cycle total duration - Fixed conduction time. The key to calculating the initial turn-off time lies in establishing the numerical correlation between the cycle, conduction, and turn-off, thereby providing an initial reference for adjustments after startup. By calculating the initial parameters using a clear mathematical formula, errors caused by traditional empirical value presets can be avoided, making the initial output voltage closer to the target output voltage, thus reducing the magnitude and duration of adjustments after startup.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, acquiring real-time voltage information during the conduction time of period k, wherein period k ≥ 1, includes:

[0046] 301. During the conduction time of period k, where period k ≥ 1, the real-time output voltage and real-time battery voltage of multiple outputs are continuously sampled multiple times through the analog-to-digital converter.

[0047] In this embodiment, voltage information sampling is performed during the conduction phase, not the turn-off phase. During the turn-off phase, the output voltage is maintained by the energy released by the inductor, which cannot truly reflect the energy input during the conduction phase. The voltage during the conduction phase reflects the balance between battery power supply and load consumption, making the sampled data more valuable. Specifically, during the conduction time of period k, the real-time voltage of multiple outputs and the battery voltage are continuously sampled using an ADC analog-to-digital converter. The sampling frequency is 10-20 times the conduction time, such as 20 samples in a 2ms conduction time with a 100μs interval. The number of samples must balance accuracy and computational load. If the number of samples is too small, the average value may be greatly deviated. If the number of samples is too large, it will increase the computational burden and cause adjustment delays. Therefore, the optimal number of samples is 5-20. The sampling objects cover the voltage of each output and the battery voltage to cover the dynamic changes in voltage during the conduction phase.

[0048] 302. Calculate the average value of the sampled real-time output voltages and real-time battery voltages to obtain the average output voltage and average battery voltage corresponding to the multiple outputs respectively.

[0049] In this embodiment, the arithmetic mean of multiple sampled voltages for each output is calculated to obtain the average output voltage of that output. Simultaneously, the arithmetic mean of multiple sampled battery voltages for each output is calculated to obtain the average battery voltage. By continuously sampling and calculating the average value, voltage fluctuations caused by ADC sampling noise and electromagnetic interference (EMI) can be effectively suppressed, making the real-time voltage information closer to the true value and avoiding erroneous adjustments due to abnormal sampling values. Furthermore, by sampling and calculating the average value for each output separately, the voltage differences between multiple outputs can be accurately identified, providing data support for subsequent unified adjustment of multiple outputs and fine-tuning of a single output, thus solving the problem that deviations in one output can lead to deviations in multiple outputs caused by traditional multi-channel shared sampling data.

[0050] 303. Integrate multiple average output voltages and average battery voltages corresponding to multiple outputs to obtain real-time voltage information;

[0051] In this embodiment, the average output voltage and average battery voltage of multiple channels are integrated into a complete set of real-time voltage data, which serves as the core input for subsequent calculation of the total duration of the target cycle. During the integration process, the channel corresponding to each voltage information needs to be marked to ensure that targeted corrections can be made during subsequent adjustments. By completing the sampling and average value calculation of voltage information during the conduction phase, there is no need to occupy the turn-off phase time, ensuring that the adjustment phase can be entered immediately after the end of cycle k, avoiding adjustment delays caused by excessive sampling and calculation time, and ensuring the real-time performance of control.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the step of confirming the total duration of the target period based on the acquired real-time voltage information at the end of period k includes:

[0053] 401. At the end of period k, calculate the output voltage deviation based on the average output voltage and the target output voltage;

[0054] In this embodiment, the voltage deviation is calculated as follows: Voltage Deviation = Target Output Voltage - Average Output Voltage; For example, when the target output voltage is 5V and the average output voltage of channel A is 4.8V, the voltage deviation is 0.2V; When the voltage deviation is positive, it indicates that the current output voltage is lower than the target output voltage and needs to be increased; when the voltage deviation is negative, it indicates that the current output voltage is higher than the target output voltage and needs to be decreased; if there are multiple outputs, the voltage deviation of each channel needs to be calculated separately; if the voltage deviations of multiple outputs differ greatly, a weighted average adjustment strategy can be adopted, such as setting weights based on the load ratio of multiple channels, or prioritizing the correction of the channel with the largest deviation, to ensure that at least the channel with the largest deviation can meet the requirements after adjustment, and then gradually optimize other channels.

[0055] 402. Calculate the target duty cycle based on the output voltage deviation, target output voltage, and average battery voltage;

[0056] In this embodiment, the target duty cycle is calculated as follows: Target Duty Cycle = (Target Output Voltage + Voltage Deviation) / Average Battery Voltage. The core logic of this formula is to compensate for the difference between the current output voltage and the target output voltage by adjusting the voltage deviation, while simultaneously adjusting the duty cycle based on the real-time battery voltage. If the battery voltage drops, the duty cycle needs to be increased to maintain the target output; if the output voltage is too low, the duty cycle also needs to be increased to boost the output. By considering both the voltage deviation and the real-time battery voltage, the calculation of the target duty cycle not only corrects the current output deviation but also adapts to battery voltage fluctuations, preventing the output voltage from dropping due to a decrease in battery voltage.

[0057] 403. Calculate the total duration of the target cycle based on the fixed conduction time and the target duty cycle;

[0058] In this embodiment, the formula for calculating the total duration of the target cycle is: Total duration of the target cycle = Fixed on-time / Target duty cycle; The total duration of the target cycle is the core parameter of the next cycle, and its value directly determines the target off-time; Specifically, the shorter the total duration of the target cycle, the shorter the target off-time, the larger the target duty cycle, and the higher the target output voltage; By calculating the total duration of the target cycle, it can be ensured that the target duty cycle of the next cycle can accurately match the output requirements, avoiding cycle chaos caused by blindly adjusting the off-time.

[0059] In this embodiment, when the load suddenly increases, such as when the resistance of the electronic cigarette heating wire decreases or the output voltage drops instantaneously, this technical solution can quickly increase the output and maintain stable output voltage by increasing the target duty cycle and shortening the total duration of the target cycle, effectively solving the problem of delayed response of traditional control to sudden load changes.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, adjusting the turn-off time of the (k+1)th cycle based on the confirmed total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on-time includes:

[0061] 501. Calculate the target turn-off time based on the confirmed total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on time;

[0062] In this embodiment, the target off time is the difference between the total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on time. The adjustment of the off time depends on a high-precision timer, and the positioner's accuracy is usually required to be no less than 1% of the off time.

[0063] 502. Based on the calculated target turn-off time, adjust the turn-off time of cycle k+1;

[0064] In this embodiment, the calculated target turn-off time is configured as the turn-off time of the (k+1)th cycle to achieve precise timing control of the switching transistor: within the (k+1)th cycle, the switching transistor is first turned on for a fixed on time, and then turned off to the target turn-off time; taking a target turn-off time of 0.5ms as an example, the switching transistor completes a timing cycle of 2ms on and 0.5ms off within the cycle, maintaining output voltage stability through the synergistic effect of energy storage during conduction and energy release during turn-off; through real-time sampling and dynamic adjustment mechanism of turn-off time within the cycle, the accumulation of delay error in traditional control methods is significantly reduced, and voltage fluctuation is controlled within ±2%, improving the reliability of load power supply; the dynamic turn-off time algorithm greatly improves the system's response speed to load changes, and can still maintain the output voltage ripple coefficient ≤1.5% under load jump conditions, with significantly better robustness than the fixed cycle control strategy; precise timing control reduces switching losses, and combined with the adaptive turn-off mechanism, effectively improves light load energy efficiency.

[0065] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the calculation of the output voltage deviation further includes:

[0066] 601. If the absolute value of the calculated voltage deviation is greater than the preset compensation voltage deviation, obtain the preset compensation coefficient.

[0067] In this embodiment, after calculating the output voltage deviation, its absolute value is first compared with the preset compensation voltage deviation. The preset compensation voltage deviation is a threshold set according to the device's requirements for voltage stability. For example, when the target output voltage is 5V, the compensation voltage deviation can be set to 0.2V, that is, the output voltage is allowed to fluctuate within the range of 4.8V-5.2V. If it exceeds this range, compensation is triggered. If the absolute value of the calculated voltage deviation is greater than the preset compensation voltage deviation, it means that the current output voltage deviation has exceeded the allowable range and a fast compensation mechanism needs to be activated. If the absolute value of the calculated voltage deviation is less than or equal to the preset compensation voltage deviation, no additional compensation is required, and the shutdown time can be calculated according to step 501.

[0068] 602. Confirm the compensation turn-off time based on the preset compensation coefficient, target output voltage, and calculated voltage deviation;

[0069] In this embodiment, when the compensation mechanism is triggered, a preset compensation coefficient is called from the system parameter library. The compensation coefficient is an empirical value pre-calibrated based on hardware characteristics (such as the response speed of the switching transistor and the energy storage capacity of the inductor) and load characteristics (such as the amplitude and frequency of load changes), with a typical value of 1.2-1.8. The function of the compensation coefficient is to amplify the adjustment range of the turn-off time to speed up the return of the output voltage to the target output voltage. For example, for resistive loads, such as electronic cigarette heating wires, the compensation coefficient can be set to 1.5.

[0070] In this embodiment, the calculation formula for the compensated turn-off time is: Compensated turn-off time = Target turn-off time calculated conventionally × (1 + Compensation coefficient × Absolute value of voltage deviation / Target output voltage). As can be seen from the aforementioned formula, the calculation of the compensated turn-off time is not entirely independent of the conventional logic, but rather an adjustment based on the conventional target turn-off time. The conventional target turn-off time is the theoretically optimal value calculated based on the real-time battery voltage and target duty cycle. The compensated turn-off time is then accelerated based on the deviation magnitude, ensuring that the adjustment conforms to circuit principles and can handle sudden deviations.

[0071] 603. Based on the confirmed compensation shutdown time, adjust the shutdown time of cycle k+1;

[0072] In this embodiment, when the output voltage deviation exceeds the allowable range, slow adjustment using only conventional logic may cause the deviation to accumulate over multiple cycles. For example, if only a 0.05V deviation can be corrected per cycle, then a 0.3V deviation would require 6 cycles to complete the correction. During this period, the output voltage will continuously deviate from the target output voltage, potentially adversely affecting the normal operation of the device. By introducing a compensation mechanism, rapid correction can be achieved, controlling the output voltage deviation within the allowable range within 1-2 cycles, thereby avoiding a series of chain problems caused by the accumulation of deviation. Specifically, the calculated compensation turn-off time is directly used as the turn-off time of the (k+1)th cycle to replace the conventional target turn-off time, enabling rapid response to sudden load changes. For example, a sudden short circuit in the electronic cigarette heating coil can cause a sharp drop in output voltage; or a sudden change in battery voltage, such as a sudden connection of a high-power load to the battery causing an instantaneous voltage drop, can effectively address these situations.

[0073] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the step of calculating the target turn-off time based on the confirmed total duration of the target period and the fixed on-time further includes:

[0074] 701. Obtain the preset minimum shutdown time and the preset maximum shutdown time;

[0075] In this embodiment, after calculating the target turn-off time, the preset minimum turn-off time and maximum turn-off time are first retrieved from the system preset parameters. These two boundary parameters are set based on the hardware safe operating range and system performance requirements. The minimum turn-off time is the shortest time to ensure reliable turn-off of the switching transistor. If the turn-off time is too short, the switching transistor may not be able to turn off completely, resulting in shoot-through between the upper and lower bridge arms and causing overcurrent burnout. At the same time, an excessively short turn-off time will cause the switching frequency to be too high, exceeding the frequency range allowed by EMC design, and generating serious electromagnetic interference. The maximum turn-off time is the longest turn-off time to avoid excessive output voltage fluctuations. If the turn-off time is too long, the total cycle time will increase, the switching frequency will be too low, and the output voltage ripple will increase, failing to meet the device's requirements for voltage stability.

[0076] 702. If the calculated target shutdown time is less than the preset minimum shutdown time, then set the target shutdown time to the preset minimum shutdown time.

[0077] 703. If the calculated target shutdown time is greater than the preset maximum shutdown time, then set the target shutdown time to the preset maximum shutdown time.

[0078] In this embodiment, the target turn-off time is compared with the minimum turn-off time. If the target turn-off time is less than the preset minimum turn-off time, the turn-off time of the (k+1)th cycle is forcibly set to the preset minimum turn-off time to avoid damage to the switching transistor. If the target turn-off time is greater than the maximum turn-off time, the turn-off time is forcibly set to the preset maximum turn-off time to avoid increased ripple due to excessively low switching frequency. When the turn-off time is forcibly set to the minimum or maximum turn-off time, the system will synchronously adjust the target duty cycle calculation logic for the next cycle. For example, after the turn-off time is set to the minimum turn-off time, the actual duty cycle will be less than the target duty cycle. At this time, the system will gradually increase the calculation weight of the target duty cycle in subsequent cycles to avoid being in a boundary state for a long time. If the boundary limit is triggered for three consecutive cycles, the system will determine it as a hardware abnormality, such as battery depletion or load short circuit, and trigger shutdown protection or abnormal alarm to improve the safety of equipment use.

[0079] The constant voltage control method based on COT in the embodiments of the present invention has been described above. The constant voltage control device based on COT in the embodiments of the present invention is described below. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 One embodiment of the constant voltage control device based on COT in this invention includes:

[0080] The first acquisition module 801 is used to acquire preset key parameters, including fixed conduction time, target output voltage and nominal battery voltage.

[0081] The first confirmation module 802 is used to confirm the initial parameters based on preset key parameters, including the initial duty cycle, the initial total cycle duration and the initial shutdown time.

[0082] The startup module 803 is used to control the synchronous activation of multiple outputs based on the confirmed initial parameters at the time of device startup;

[0083] The second acquisition module 804 is used to acquire real-time voltage information during the conduction time of period k, wherein period k ≥ 1;

[0084] The second confirmation module 805 is used to confirm the total duration of the target period based on the acquired real-time voltage information at the end of period k.

[0085] The adjustment module 806 is used to adjust the off time of the (k+1)th cycle based on the confirmed total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on time.

[0086] Based on the same ideas as the methods in the above embodiments, the apparatus provided in this application can implement the methods in the above embodiments.

[0087] above Figure 2 The constant voltage control device based on COT in this embodiment of the invention will be described in detail from the perspective of modular functional entities. The constant voltage control device based on COT in this embodiment of the invention will be described in detail from the perspective of hardware processing.

[0088] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a COT-based constant voltage control device 800 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The COT-based constant voltage control device 800 can vary significantly due to different configurations or performance characteristics. It may include one or more central processing units (CPUs) 810 and memory 820, and one or more storage media 830 (e.g., one or more mass storage devices) storing application programs 833 or data 832. The memory 820 and storage media 830 can be temporary or persistent storage. The program stored in the storage media 830 may include one or more modules (not shown in the diagram), each module including a series of instruction operations on the COT-based constant voltage control device 800. Furthermore, the processor 810 may be configured to communicate with the storage media 830 and execute the series of instruction operations in the storage media 830 on the COT-based constant voltage control device 800 to implement the steps of the COT-based constant voltage control method provided in the above-described method embodiments.

[0089] The COT-based constant voltage control device 800 may also include one or more power supplies 840, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 850, one or more input / output interfaces 860, and / or one or more operating systems 831, such as Windows Server, Mac OS X, Unix, Linux, FreeBSD, etc. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 3 The illustrated COT-based constant pressure control device structure does not constitute a limitation on COT-based constant pressure control devices, which may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0090] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium or a volatile computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of a constant voltage control method based on COT.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, devices, and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0092] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc., various media that can store program code.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A constant voltage control method based on COT, characterized in that, include: Obtain preset key parameters, including fixed conduction time, target output voltage, and nominal battery voltage; The initial parameters are confirmed based on preset key parameters, including the initial duty cycle, the initial total cycle duration, and the initial shutdown time. At the time of device startup, multiple outputs are synchronously activated based on the confirmed initial parameters; During the conduction time of period k, real-time voltage information is acquired, wherein period k ≥ 1; At the end of period k, the total duration of the target period is confirmed based on the acquired real-time voltage information. Based on the confirmed total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on-time, the off-time of the (k+1)th cycle is adjusted.

2. The constant voltage control method based on COT according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial parameters are confirmed based on preset key parameters. These initial parameters include the initial duty cycle, the initial total cycle duration, and the initial shutdown time, including: Determine the initial duty cycle based on the target output voltage and nominal battery voltage; The initial total cycle duration is determined based on the fixed on-time and initial duty cycle. The initial turn-off time is determined based on the initial total cycle duration and the fixed on-time.

3. The constant voltage control method based on COT according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of acquiring real-time voltage information during the conduction time of period k, wherein period k ≥ 1, includes: During the conduction time of period k, where period k ≥ 1, the real-time output voltage and real-time battery voltage of the multiple outputs are continuously sampled multiple times through the analog-to-digital converter. The average values ​​of the sampled real-time output voltages and real-time battery voltages are calculated to obtain the average output voltage and average battery voltage corresponding to the multiple outputs. By integrating the average output voltage and average battery voltage corresponding to multiple outputs, real-time voltage information is obtained.

4. The constant voltage control method based on COT according to claim 3, characterized in that, At the end of period k, based on the acquired real-time voltage information, the total duration of the target period is determined, including: At the end of period k, the output voltage deviation is calculated based on the average output voltage and the target output voltage. Calculate the target duty cycle based on the output voltage deviation, target output voltage, and average battery voltage; Calculate the total duration of the target cycle based on the fixed conduction time and the target duty cycle.

5. The constant voltage control method based on COT according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment of the turn-off time in the (k+1)th cycle based on the confirmed total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on-time includes: Calculate the target turn-off time based on the confirmed total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on time; Based on the calculated target turn-off time, adjust the turn-off time of cycle k+1.

6. The constant voltage control method based on COT according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation of the output voltage deviation then includes: If the absolute value of the calculated voltage deviation is greater than the preset compensation voltage deviation, the preset compensation coefficient is obtained. The compensation turn-off time is determined based on the preset compensation coefficient, the target output voltage, and the calculated voltage deviation. Based on the confirmed compensation shutdown time, adjust the shutdown time of cycle k+1.

7. The constant voltage control method based on COT according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of calculating the target turn-off time based on the confirmed total target cycle duration and the fixed conduction time, further includes: Get the preset minimum shutdown time and the preset maximum shutdown time; If the calculated target shutdown time is less than the preset minimum shutdown time, then set the target shutdown time to the preset minimum shutdown time. If the calculated target shutdown time is greater than the preset maximum shutdown time, then the target shutdown time is set to the preset maximum shutdown time.

8. A constant voltage control device based on COT, characterized in that, include: The first acquisition module is used to acquire preset key parameters, including fixed conduction time, target output voltage and nominal battery voltage. The first confirmation module is used to confirm the initial parameters based on preset key parameters, including the initial duty cycle, the initial total cycle duration, and the initial shutdown time. The startup module is used to control the synchronous activation of multiple outputs based on the confirmed initial parameters at the time of device startup; The second acquisition module is used to acquire real-time voltage information during the conduction time of period k, wherein period k ≥ 1; The second confirmation module is used to confirm the total duration of the target period based on the acquired real-time voltage information at the end of period k. The adjustment module is used to adjust the off time of the (k+1)th cycle based on the confirmed total duration of the target cycle and the fixed on time.

9. A constant voltage control device based on COT, characterized in that, The COT-based constant voltage control device includes: a memory and at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions; At least one of the processors invokes the instructions in the memory to cause the COT-based constant voltage control device to perform the steps of the COT-based constant voltage control method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions thereon, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the constant voltage control method based on COT as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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