Method for judging feasibility of culturing nori in warm drainage sea area of nuclear power station

Abstract

The invention provides a method for judging feasibility of culturing laver in a warm drainage sea area of a nuclear power plant, which comprises the following steps: step 10, judging whether a culture sea area in the warm drainage sea area of the nuclear power plant meets laver culture conditions, the laver culture conditions comprise that the temperature range of a temperature rise area is 1-6 DEG C, the minimum tide depth is greater than or equal to 3m, and a channel, an ecological protection area and a submarine cable area are eliminated; 20, if the laver culture conditions are met, laver is cultured in a rod inserting type culture mode; and step 30, after harvesting, detecting gamma nuclides of the laver, judging whether the gamma nuclides meet the radioactive substance limiting requirements or not, and if the gamma nuclides meet the radioactive substance limiting requirements, judging that the laver is available. The problem that laver cultivation is not carried out in the warm drainage sea area of the nuclear power station due to various doubts at present is solved by researching laver cultivation conditions and laver cultivation modes suitable for laver cultivation in the warm drainage sea area of the nuclear power station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of laver aquaculture technology, specifically involving a method for determining the feasibility of laver aquaculture in the marine area where nuclear power plant wastewater is discharged. Background Technology

[0002] As an important economic seaweed in my country, laver's aquaculture industry is booming in coastal areas, leading to a continuously increasing demand for marine space resources. With the continuous expansion of aquaculture scale, traditionally suitable coastal marine resources for laver cultivation have been fully exploited, and available space is becoming increasingly scarce, even reaching saturation. This spatial bottleneck severely restricts the further scaling up and sustainable development of the industry. Meanwhile, the characteristics of coastal site selection for my country's nuclear power plants have created a certain range of warm discharge areas around them. Due to specific environmental factors, these areas are currently largely idle and not effectively used for large-scale marine aquaculture. If these idle areas adjacent to nuclear power facilities can be scientifically assessed and safely utilized, especially their warm discharge areas, it is expected to open up new and potentially huge development space for laver aquaculture, effectively alleviating the current predicament of insufficient aquaculture space.

[0003] While the thermal energy contained in the warm discharge from nuclear power plants may theoretically benefit the cultivation of certain warm-water marine organisms (e.g., raising local water temperatures in winter), there are currently no mature precedents or systematic studies both domestically and internationally regarding its use for laver (seaweed) cultivation. The core public concern lies in the impact of nuclear power plant operation on the surrounding marine environment, particularly the radioactivity levels in seawater and seafood. Although the radioactive emissions from liquid effluents from nuclear power plants are strictly limited and continuously monitored by national regulations under normal operating conditions (non-accident leaks), and their actual impact on the surrounding marine environment is generally assessed as being far below natural background radiation and within a safe and controllable range, public concerns persist. More importantly, the feasibility of large-scale cultivation of directly edible seafood like laver in the warm discharge areas of nuclear power plants (including laver's growth adaptability, quality, and yield) and, most importantly, the radioactive safety of the cultivated products (whether they meet food safety standards such as GB 14882-201X, the "Standards for the Limitation Concentration of Radioactive Substances in Food") lacks scientific, systematic, and verifiable assessment methods and empirical data. The lack of such a scientific assessment method is a key bottleneck hindering the rational utilization of resources in this sea area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a method for determining the feasibility of laver cultivation in the marine areas where nuclear power plants discharge warm water. By studying the suitable laver cultivation conditions and methods in the marine areas where nuclear power plants discharge warm water, this method aims to solve the problem that laver cultivation has not yet been carried out in the marine areas where nuclear power plants discharge warm water due to various concerns.

[0005] This application provides a method for determining the feasibility of seaweed cultivation in marine areas affected by thermal discharge from nuclear power plants. The method includes: Step 10: Determine whether the aquaculture area within the nuclear power plant's thermal discharge sea area meets the conditions for laver cultivation. The conditions for laver cultivation include a temperature range of 1℃~6℃ in the warming zone, a minimum tidal depth of ≥3m, and exclusion of waterways, ecological protection zones, and submarine cable areas. Step 20: If the conditions for laver cultivation are met, then the laver should be cultivated using the pole-planting method. Step 30: After harvesting, test the γ-nucleotide content of the laver to determine if it meets the requirements for radioactive material restrictions. If it does, it is deemed ready for sale.

[0006] In one specific embodiment of this application, the pole-type aquaculture method employs a raft-type aquaculture system. The raft-type system includes a net curtain, cables, small floats, fiberglass poles, large floats, and wooden stakes. Step 20 mentioned above includes: Step 21: If the conditions for laver cultivation are met, fix the wooden stake to the seabed anchor point, connect one end of the large buoy to the wooden stake, and connect the other end of the large buoy to a fiberglass rod. Step 22: Pull the net curtain horizontally with cables and adjust the height of the net curtain using fiberglass poles; Step 23: Use small floats to evenly lift the edges of the net curtain; Step 24: Place the seaweed seedlings on the net curtain for cultivation.

[0007] In one specific embodiment of this application, the cable is made of aramid fiber-coated cable; and / or, the small and large floats are made of hollow silicone floats; and / or, the fiberglass rod is made of carbon fiber reinforced fiberglass rod.

[0008] In one specific embodiment of this application, step 210 is included after step 20 described above.

[0009] Step 210: When the water temperature remains above 28℃ for 24 hours, lower the net curtain to the maximum water depth and spray seawater mist to cool it down, while simultaneously starting the preset nighttime dew period.

[0010] In one specific embodiment of this application, step 30 includes: after harvesting, using a three-level detection method of in-situ monitoring, rapid screening and laboratory confirmation to detect the gamma nuclide in the porphyry, and determining whether it meets the requirements for radioactive material restrictions. If it meets the requirements for radioactive material restrictions, it is determined that it can be sold.

[0011] In one specific embodiment of this application, the laver cultivation conditions also include a continuous usable area of ​​≥1 km².

[0012] In one specific embodiment of this application, laver seedlings are mainly collected from conchospores.

[0013] In one specific embodiment of this application, the laver culture density is 8 to 15 per random field of view.

[0014] In one specific embodiment of this application, each aquaculture area cultivates 1 cubic meter of laver, with approximately 400 net curtains per cubic meter, and each net curtain is 11.5 meters long. 2.2 meters.

[0015] In one specific embodiment of this application, laver includes *Porphyra yezoensis* and / or *Porphyra tenera*.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application's technical solution are as follows: For nuclear power plant wastewater discharge areas, combined with the latest aquaculture concepts, a new model suitable for seaweed cultivation in marine environments is explored to produce seaweed products that meet radioactive material restriction requirements. Simultaneously, it addresses the current shortage of seawater for seaweed cultivation and achieves comprehensive utilization of wastewater discharge areas. This application's embodiment applies a green and ecological aquaculture model to the wastewater discharge areas of nuclear power plants. This model not only maximizes the utilization of unit aquaculture space, economic output, and material and energy cycling, but also protects the marine aquaculture environment, absorbs nutrient-rich elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, fixes and accumulates CO2, and achieves a balance between material and energy expenditure in aquaculture, thus possessing significant social and ecological value. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the feasibility of seaweed cultivation in the marine area of ​​a nuclear power plant's thermal discharge, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the marine area for thermal discharge from a nuclear power plant, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a pole-type aquaculture system provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] At least one embodiment of this application provides a method for determining the feasibility of laver cultivation in marine areas affected by thermal discharge from nuclear power plants. (Reference) Figure 1 The method for determining the feasibility of seaweed farming in the marine area where nuclear power plant thermal discharge water is discharged includes the following steps.

[0022] Step 10: Determine whether the aquaculture area within the nuclear power plant's thermal discharge sea area meets the conditions for laver cultivation. The conditions for laver cultivation include a temperature range of 1℃~6℃ in the warming zone, a minimum tidal depth of ≥3m, and exclusion of waterways, ecological protection zones, and submarine cable areas.

[0023] Specifically, through data survey and analysis of the marine area near the nuclear power plant's thermal discharge, for example, taking the nuclear power plant's liquid effluent discharge outlet as the center, using thermal infrared remote sensing and on-site buoy temperature measurement, an isotherm distribution map was drawn. Ultimately, the area within the marine area where the nuclear power plant's thermal discharge meets the conditions for laver cultivation was determined to be the core area with a temperature range of 1℃ ≤ temperature rise zone ≤ 6℃ and a minimum tidal depth ≥ 3m (to ensure the safety of the raft and avoid the net curtain touching the bottom and causing pollution).

[0024] In some embodiments, laver cultivation conditions also include a continuous usable area of ​​≥1 km².

[0025] Step 20: If the conditions for laver cultivation are met, then the pole-planting method should be used to cultivate laver.

[0026] In some embodiments, laver seedlings are mainly collected from conchospores.

[0027] In some embodiments, laver includes laver and / or striped laver.

[0028] In some embodiments, the laver culture density is 8 to 15 per random field of view.

[0029] In some embodiments, each aquaculture area cultivates 1 cubic meter of laver, with approximately 400 net curtains per cubic meter, and each net curtain is 11.5 meters long. 2.2 meters.

[0030] Step 30: After harvesting, test the γ-nucleotide content of the laver to determine if it meets the requirements for radioactive material restrictions. If it does, it is deemed ready for sale.

[0031] The method for determining the feasibility of laver cultivation in the marine area of ​​nuclear power plant warm discharge provided in this application aims to explore a new model suitable for seawater laver cultivation in nuclear power plant warm discharge areas, combining the latest aquaculture concepts to produce laver products that meet the requirements for radioactive material restrictions. This approach also addresses the current shortage of seawater for laver cultivation and achieves comprehensive utilization of the warm discharge marine area. This application applies a green and ecological aquaculture model to the nuclear power plant warm discharge marine area. This model not only maximizes the utilization of unit aquaculture space, economic output, and material and energy cycling, but also protects the marine aquaculture environment, absorbs nutrient-rich elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, fixes and accumulates CO2, and achieves a balance between material and energy expenditure in aquaculture, thus possessing significant social and ecological value.

[0032] In at least one embodiment of this application, reference is made to Figure 3The pole-type aquaculture method uses a raft frame, which includes a net curtain 1, a cable 2, small floats 3, fiberglass poles 4, large floats 5, and wooden stakes 6. Step 20 above includes steps 21 to 24.

[0033] Step 21: If the conditions for laver cultivation are met, fix the wooden stake 6 to the seabed anchorage point. One end of the large buoy 5 is connected to the wooden stake 6, and the other end of the large buoy 5 is connected to a fiberglass rod 4.

[0034] Step 22: Pull the net curtain 1 laterally with cable 2, and adjust the height of the net curtain 1 with fiberglass rod 4.

[0035] Step 23: Use small floats 3 to evenly lift the edge of the net curtain 1.

[0036] Step 24: Place the seaweed seedlings on the net curtain 1 for cultivation.

[0037] It should be noted that: Net curtain 1: Serves as the attachment substrate for laver seedlings and the carrier for laver growth, providing a physical plane for laver growth and photosynthesis. Cable 2: The main frame of the raft, connecting all components and transmitting force, withstanding the impact of wind, waves, and currents. Small buoys 3: Distributed buoyancy units, evenly supporting the edges of net curtain 1 to prevent localized sinking and subsequent friction damage to the laver. Fiberglass rods 4: Vertical support structure, fixing the height of net curtain 1 and adjusting its distance from the water (controlling light exposure and dew time). Large buoys 5: The core buoyancy source, centrally bearing the overall weight of the raft (including net curtain 1, fiberglass rods 4, etc.), maintaining the operating height on the water surface; Wooden stakes 6: Seabed anchoring points, securing the raft position via cables 2 and resisting towing by wind and waves.

[0038] In this embodiment, the raft frame achieves stability, controllability, and high efficiency in laver farming through a hierarchical design consisting of an anchoring layer (wooden piles 6 and cables 2), a support layer (fiberglass rods 4), a growth layer (net curtain 1), and a buoyancy layer (small buoys 3 and large buoys 5). The precise coupling of the positions and functions of each component is a key technological foundation for ensuring large-scale production, as detailed below: (1) Wooden stake 6 + cable 2; Wooden stake 6 provides static fixation, and cable 2 transmits dynamic tension, together maintaining the stability of the raft position.

[0039] (2) Cable 2 + fiberglass pole 4: form a rigid frame; cable 2 is pulled laterally and fiberglass pole 4 is supported vertically to resist the torsional force of wind and waves and prevent the net curtain 1 from collapsing.

[0040] (3) Large float 5 + small float 3: buoyancy classification system; the large float bears the main weight, and the small float assists the net curtain 1 to finely adjust the buoyancy and avoid local water accumulation or wrinkles.

[0041] (4) Fiberglass rod 4 + net curtain 1: growth height control; by adjusting the insertion depth of fiberglass rod 4, the distance of net curtain 1 from water is controlled, thus optimizing the drying and photosynthesis of laver.

[0042] The above embodiments achieve safe and efficient production through multi-dimensional aquaculture management, including material innovation (heat-resistant rafts), intelligent control (dynamic buoyancy), and radionuclide monitoring (three-level detection). While the technology for cultivating laver in the warm discharge waters of nuclear power plants is more complex than traditional aquaculture, the rational utilization of heat resources helps to increase laver yield.

[0043] In at least one embodiment of this application, the cable 2 is made of aramid fiber-coated cable; and / or, the small float 3 and the large float 5 are made of hollow silicone floats; and / or, the fiberglass rod 4 is made of carbon fiber reinforced fiberglass rod. Thus, by using aramid fiber-coated cable (temperature resistance 120°C) instead of ordinary polyethylene cable (softening point 60°C) for the cable 2, by using hollow silicone floats (heat resistance 90°C) instead of foam plastic (deformation threshold 50°C) for the small float 3 and the large float 5, and by using carbon fiber reinforced fiberglass rod 4, the entire valve frame can withstand high temperatures and prevent high-temperature deformation.

[0044] In at least one embodiment of this application, step 30 includes: after harvesting, using a three-level detection method of in-situ monitoring, rapid screening and laboratory confirmation to detect the gamma nuclide in the porphyry, and determining whether it meets the requirements for radioactive material restrictions. If it meets the requirements for radioactive material restrictions, it is determined that it can be sold.

[0045] In at least one embodiment of this application, step 210 is included after step 20 described above.

[0046] Step 210: When the water temperature remains above 28℃ for 24 hours, lower the net curtain to the maximum water depth and spray seawater mist to cool the water. At the same time, activate the preset nighttime dew time (e.g., 2 hours away from the water each day). In this way, dynamic floating and sinking prevents the area temperature from becoming too high, and activating the preset nighttime dew time prevents the algae from becoming too soft.

[0047] Example 1 Step 1: Conduct a survey and analysis of data on the warm discharge sea area near a nuclear power plant to determine the scope of the warm discharge sea area.

[0048] Step 2: Set up at least one station within the determined warm discharge sea area, in addition to Experiment Group 1. The temperature range of Experiment Group 1's warming zone is 4℃~6℃ (e.g., Figure 2 (Location of site S2).

[0049] Step 3: Set up at least one station within the warm discharge sea area; this is Experiment Group 2. The temperature range of the warming zone in Experiment Group 2 is 2℃~3℃ (e.g., Figure 2 (Location of site S4).

[0050] It should be noted that, Figure 2 Aquaculture can be carried out at all stations from S1 to S5. The reason for selecting stations S2 and S4 in this embodiment is that the temperature rise at stations S2 and S4 is relatively stable, the water depth is suitable, and there is a certain distance between stations S2 and S4, which can effectively prevent mutual interference during data collection.

[0051] Step 4: Plant striped purslane in experimental groups 1 and 2 respectively. The area, cultivation method, and number, size, and density of netting in experimental groups 1 and 2 are identical. The cultivation area at sites S2 and S4 is 20 mu each. The purslane cultivation adopts the traditional "pole-type" cultivation method (e.g., ...). Figure 3 As shown), one cubic meter of laver was cultivated at each of stations S2 and S4, with approximately 400 net curtains per cubic meter, each net curtain measuring 11.5 meters by 2.2 meters. The "ecological thinning" method was adopted, and seedlings were collected mainly from conchospores at a density of 8 to 15 spores per random field of view.

[0052] Step 5: During the cultivation process, analyze the growth and yield per mu of laver in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2.

[0053] Step 6: Detect gamma nuclides in laver to determine whether it meets the national food safety standards.

[0054] The above method yields the following conclusion: 1. During the cultivation process, the laver at stations S2 and S4 generally grew well.

[0055] 2. The yields of laver at stations S2 and S4 were 813.2 kg and 506 kg per mu, respectively.

[0056] 3. Monitoring results of γ-nucleotides in Porphyra at sites S2 and S4 showed that all indicators met the requirements of national food safety standards.

[0057] 4. Porphyra propagation by cuttings is feasible in warming zones.

[0058] The embodiments described in this application develop a scientific, reliable, and operable comprehensive evaluation method for "assessing the feasibility and product safety of laver cultivation in the warm discharge waters of nuclear power plants." This method focuses on two core objectives: first, feasibility assessment, which systematically studies the influence of environmental factors unique to warm discharge waters, such as temperature field, flow field, and water quality (including possible low-dose background radionuclides), on the growth cycle, physiological state, yield, and quality of laver; second, safety assurance, the core of which is to establish a monitoring, enrichment pattern research, and safety evaluation model for radionuclides in laver products, ensuring that the radionuclide content of laver products harvested at any stage of the cultivation cycle strictly complies with the mandatory requirements of the national standard "Limit Concentration Standard for Radioactive Substances in Food" (GB 14882-94). By constructing this method, the aim is to provide scientific evidence for decision-making departments, aquaculture enterprises, and the public, overcome cognitive barriers, and achieve safe and large-scale cultivation of laver in the warm discharge waters of nuclear power plants under the premise of absolutely guaranteeing food safety. This move will not only effectively expand the space for laver cultivation and promote the sustainable development of the industry, but also achieve the dual goals of "three-dimensional use of the sea" and "comprehensive utilization of warm water resources," thereby improving the efficiency of marine resource utilization and the environmental friendliness of nuclear power plants, and has significant economic, social and environmental benefits.

[0059] It should be noted that the combination of the technical features in the embodiments of this application is not limited to the combination methods described in the embodiments of this application or the combination methods described in specific embodiments. All technical features described in this application can be freely combined or combined in any way, unless they contradict each other.

[0060] As indicated in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words “a,” “an,” and / or “the” do not specifically refer to the singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the term “comprising” only indicates that it includes the explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the feasibility of laver cultivation in marine areas affected by thermal discharge from nuclear power plants, characterized in that, include: Step 10: Determine whether the aquaculture area within the nuclear power plant's thermal discharge sea area meets the conditions for laver cultivation. The conditions for laver cultivation include a temperature range of 1℃~6℃ in the warming zone, a minimum tidal depth of ≥3m, and exclusion of waterways, ecological protection zones, and submarine cable areas. Step 20: If the conditions for laver cultivation are met, then the laver should be cultivated using the pole-planting method. Step 30: After harvesting, test the γ-nucleotide content of the laver to determine if it meets the requirements for radioactive material restrictions. If it does, it is deemed ready for sale.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pole-type aquaculture method uses a raft frame, which includes a net curtain, cables, small floats, fiberglass poles, large floats, and wooden stakes. Step 20 includes: Step 21: If the conditions for laver cultivation are met, fix the wooden stake to the seabed anchor point, connect one end of the large buoy to the wooden stake, and connect the other end of the large buoy to a fiberglass rod. Step 22: Pull the net curtain horizontally with cables and adjust the height of the net curtain using fiberglass poles; Step 23: Use small floats to evenly lift the edges of the net curtain; Step 24: Place the seaweed seedlings on the net curtain for cultivation.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cable is made of aramid fiber-coated cable; and / or, the small and large floats are made of hollow silicone floats; and / or, the fiberglass poles are made of carbon fiber reinforced fiberglass poles.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process after step 20 also includes: Step 210: When the water temperature remains above 28℃ for 24 hours, lower the net curtain to the maximum water depth and spray seawater mist to cool it down, while simultaneously starting the preset nighttime dew period.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 30 includes: after harvesting, using a three-level detection method of in-situ monitoring, rapid screening and laboratory confirmation to detect gamma nuclides in the porphyry to determine whether it meets the requirements for radioactive material restrictions. If it meets the requirements for radioactive material restrictions, it is determined that it can be sold.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conditions for laver cultivation also include a continuous usable area of ​​≥1 km².

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Laver seedlings are mainly harvested from conchospores.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The density of laver cultivation was 8-15 per random field of view.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each aquaculture area cultivates 1 cubic meter of laver, with approximately 400 net curtains per cubic meter, and each net curtain is 11.5 meters long. 2.2 meters.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Laver includes laver and / or striped laver.

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