Rock stratum movement monitoring method, device and system based on ground fractured horizontal well

Abstract

The invention relates to a rock stratum movement monitoring method, device and system based on a ground fractured horizontal well. The method comprises the steps that after fracturing operation on a target weakening area corresponding to a goaf is completed through a ground fracturing well, laying equipment is controlled to lay an optical fiber sensor into the ground fracturing well in a U shape; the optical fiber sensor is attached to the well wall of the ground fractured well; grouting equipment is controlled to inject concrete grout into the ground fractured well, so that force conduction can be directly conducted between an optical fiber sensor in the ground fractured well and a rock stratum where the optical fiber sensor is located; sending an input detection signal to the optical fiber sensor by using a signal transceiver, and receiving an output detection signal returned by the optical fiber sensor by using the signal transceiver; and determining the fiber Brillouin frequency drift distance of each position on the fiber sensor based on the output detection signal, and determining a rock stratum motion monitoring result corresponding to the goaf based on the fiber Brillouin frequency drift distance. According to the scheme, the accuracy of rock stratum activity monitoring is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of coal mining technology, and in particular to a method, device and system for monitoring rock strata movement based on a surface-fracturing horizontal well. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, understanding the movement patterns of the roof strata after mining is beneficial for preventing rockbursts. However, current methods for observing roof strata movement are limited. For example, surface subsidence monitoring involves arranging control points laterally across the working face to monitor the activity of the roof strata. This method is difficult to use to specifically determine the roof strata activity based on the overall subsidence of the strata, resulting in low monitoring accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides a method, device and system for monitoring rock strata movement based on surface-fracturing horizontal wells.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for monitoring rock strata movement based on a fracturing horizontal well is provided, comprising:

[0005] After fracturing the target weakened area corresponding to the goaf using a surface fracturing well, the control and installation equipment lays the fiber optic sensor in a U-shape to the corresponding position of the surface fracturing well; the fiber optic sensor is fitted to the well wall of the surface fracturing well.

[0006] The grouting equipment is controlled to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well so that the fiber optic sensor inside the surface fracturing well can directly transmit force with the rock stratum it is in.

[0007] The input detection signal is sent to the fiber optic sensor using a signal transceiver, and the output detection signal transmitted back by the fiber optic sensor is received using the same signal transceiver.

[0008] Based on the output detection signal, the fiber optic Brillouin frequency drift at each position on the fiber optic sensor is determined, and based on the fiber optic Brillouin frequency drift, the rock strata movement monitoring result corresponding to the goaf is determined.

[0009] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the surface fracturing well includes a vertical section, a directional section, and a horizontal section; the fiber optic sensor includes a first sensor, both ends of which are connected to the signal transceiver; and the robotic arm of the paving equipment is equipped with a counterweight component.

[0010] The control installation equipment lays fiber optic sensors in a U-shape to the corresponding positions of the surface fracturing well, including:

[0011] The first sensor is fixed in a U-shape at the end of the counterweight component;

[0012] The laying equipment is controlled to use the robotic arm to lay the first sensor in a U-shape to the directional section of the surface fracturing well.

[0013] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the surface fracturing well includes a vertical section, a directional section, and a horizontal section; the fiber optic sensor includes a second sensor, both ends of which are connected to the signal transceiver; and the robotic arm of the paving equipment is equipped with a counterweight component.

[0014] The control installation equipment lays fiber optic sensors in a U-shape to the corresponding positions of the surface fracturing well, including:

[0015] The second sensor is fixed in a U-shape at the end of the counterweight component;

[0016] The laying equipment is controlled to use the robotic arm to lay the second sensor in a U-shape to the vertical section of the surface fracturing well.

[0017] In some embodiments of this disclosure, after the controlled grouting equipment injects concrete grout into the surface fracturing well, the method further includes:

[0018] The sensor fixture is fixed at the wellhead of the fracturing well on the ground; both ends of the fiber optic sensor pass through the corresponding through holes on the sensor fixture and are fixedly connected to the sensor fixture through the through holes.

[0019] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the control installation equipment lays fiber optic sensors in a U-shape to the corresponding positions of the surface fracturing well, including:

[0020] The laying device is controlled to lay the fiber optic sensor in a U-shape to the corresponding position of the surface fracturing well at a first speed; the first speed is consistent with the speed at which the fiber optic sensor moves along the surface fracturing well, so that the fiber optic sensor is continuously subjected to prestress.

[0021] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the controlled grouting equipment injects concrete grout into the surface fracturing well, including:

[0022] Obtain a mapping table showing the relationship between hole depth and grouting pressure, and the moving speed of the grout outlet of the controlled grouting device;

[0023] The current hole depth position of the grout outlet of the grouting control equipment is obtained in real time;

[0024] Based on the mapping table, determine the target grouting pressure and target grout outlet moving speed that match the current hole depth position;

[0025] The grouting equipment is controlled to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well according to the target grouting pressure and the target grout outlet moving speed.

[0026] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a rock movement monitoring device based on a surface-fractured horizontal well is provided, comprising:

[0027] The paving unit is used to control the paving equipment to lay fiber optic sensors in a U-shape to the corresponding positions of the surface fracturing well after the fracturing operation on the target weakened area corresponding to the goaf is completed using the surface fracturing well; the fiber optic sensors are fitted to the well wall of the surface fracturing well.

[0028] The injection unit is used to control the grouting equipment to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well, so that the fiber optic sensor inside the surface fracturing well can directly transmit force with the rock stratum it is in.

[0029] The detection unit is used to send an input detection signal to the fiber optic sensor using a signal transceiver, and to receive an output detection signal transmitted back by the fiber optic sensor using the signal transceiver.

[0030] The determining unit is used to determine the fiber Brillouin frequency drift at each position on the fiber optic sensor based on the output detection signal, and to determine the rock strata movement monitoring result corresponding to the goaf based on the fiber Brillouin frequency drift.

[0031] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0032] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0033] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0034] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure can include the following beneficial effects: After completing the fracturing operation on the target weakened area corresponding to the goaf using a surface fracturing well, the paving equipment is controlled to lay the fiber optic sensor in a U-shape to the corresponding position of the surface fracturing well; the fiber optic sensor is set in close contact with the well wall of the surface fracturing well; the grouting equipment is controlled to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well so that the fiber optic sensor inside the surface fracturing well can directly transmit force with the rock strata it is located in; an input detection signal is sent to the fiber optic sensor using a signal transceiver, and an output detection signal transmitted back by the fiber optic sensor is received using a signal transceiver; the fiber Brillouin frequency drift at each position on the fiber optic sensor is determined based on the output detection signal, and the rock strata movement monitoring result corresponding to the goaf is determined based on the fiber Brillouin frequency drift. Thus, the surface fracturing well is fully utilized based on the fiber optic sensor, achieving more comprehensive movement monitoring of the rock strata above the goaf, improving the comprehensiveness of the monitoring range, and thereby improving the accuracy of rock strata activity monitoring.

[0035] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring rock movement based on a surface-fractured horizontal well, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of surface horizontal well fracturing before working face recovery, as proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of surface horizontal well fracturing after the working face has been recovered, as proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of roof rock movement monitoring proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber optic sensor installation location proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight component structure proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor fixing structure proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0044] Figure 8This is a block diagram illustrating a rock movement monitoring device based on a surface-fractured horizontal well, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0045] Figure 9 This is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for a method of monitoring rock movement in a surface-fractured horizontal well, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0046] Figure Labels

[0047] 1-Fiber optic sensor; 2-Sensor mounting hardware; 3-Counterweight components; 4-Rock strata; 5-Signal transceiver; 6-Surface fracturing well. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0049] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. The singular forms “a” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0050] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various information in embodiments of this disclosure, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information without departing from the scope of embodiments of this disclosure, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the words “if” and “suppose” as used herein may be interpreted as “when”, “when”, or “in response to a determination”.

[0051] Furthermore, various forms of processes shown in the embodiments of this disclosure can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and no limitation is imposed herein.

[0052] It should be noted that traditional surface horizontal well fracturing technology can include the following processes:

[0053] Drilling technology: such as Figure 2As shown, a combination of technologies such as logging while drilling and integrated logging are used to achieve drilling trajectory guidance control. Casings of different diameters are run into the well above the coal seam to a certain depth, and cement is filled into the annular space between the casing and the well wall to form a robust fracturing wellbore, sealing off oil, gas, water, and other fractured formations to achieve a surface fracturing well.

[0054] Fracturing process: such as Figure 3 As shown, the perforator is used to penetrate the casing and cement sheath to connect the fractured rock layer with the wellbore, providing a smooth channel for the pressure pump to inject fracturing fluid into the formation through the wellhead device; after perforation, the fracturing tool string is sent to the bottom horizontal section of the well, and the packer is set. Through large-scale fracturing operations, the target rock layer is cut to the maximum extent, generating a complex fracturing network.

[0055] Construction Equipment: Based on the selected staged fracturing process, construction pressure, fracturing parameters, and casing conditions, the wellhead equipment and blowout preventer are optimized. Strength verification requires the rated working pressure to be no less than 1.25 times the pressure limit. The final equipment models and technical parameters are then determined. Based on the optimized design's construction parameters and pressure limit, the required hydraulic horsepower for fracturing is calculated. The hydraulic pump's water injection horsepower should be no less than 1.2 times the design hydraulic horsepower. The models and quantities of fracturing pump trucks, sand mixing trucks, and other auxiliary equipment are then determined.

[0056] In related technologies, understanding the movement patterns of the roof strata after mining is beneficial for preventing rockbursts. However, current methods for observing roof strata movement are limited. For example, surface subsidence monitoring involves arranging control points laterally across the working face to monitor the activity of the roof strata. This method is difficult to use to specifically determine the roof strata activity based on the overall subsidence of the strata, resulting in low monitoring accuracy.

[0057] To address the aforementioned issues, this disclosure provides a method, apparatus, and system for monitoring rock strata movement based on a surface-fracturing horizontal well. After fracturing the target weakened area corresponding to the goaf using a surface-fracturing well, a paving device is controlled to lay fiber optic sensors in a U-shape at the corresponding positions on the surface-fracturing well. The fiber optic sensors are fitted snugly against the well wall. A grouting device injects concrete slurry into the surface-fracturing well, enabling direct force transmission between the fiber optic sensors and the surrounding rock strata. An input detection signal is sent to the fiber optic sensor using a transceiver, and the output detection signal transmitted back from the fiber optic sensor is received using the same transceiver. Based on the output detection signal, the fiber optic Brillouin frequency drift at each position on the fiber optic sensor is determined, and the rock strata movement monitoring result corresponding to the goaf is determined based on the fiber optic Brillouin frequency drift. This fully utilizes the surface-fracturing well based on fiber optic sensors, achieving more comprehensive movement monitoring of the rock strata above the goaf, improving the comprehensiveness of the monitoring range, and thus enhancing the accuracy of rock strata activity monitoring.

[0058] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring rock movement based on a surface-fractured horizontal well, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, it should be noted that the rock strata movement monitoring method based on surface-fractured horizontal wells in this disclosure is applied to a rock strata movement monitoring device based on surface-fractured horizontal wells. Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0059] Step 101: After completing the fracturing operation on the target weakened area corresponding to the goaf using the surface fracturing well, control the laying equipment to lay the fiber optic sensor in a U-shape to the corresponding position of the surface fracturing well.

[0060] The fiber optic sensor is fitted into the well wall of the surface fracturing well.

[0061] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a portion of the surface fracturing well 1 can be used as a monitoring well for rock strata movement, and fiber optic sensors 1 can be laid in a U-shape at the corresponding positions of the surface fracturing well 6.

[0062] As an example, a surface fracturing well may include a vertical section, a build-up section, and a horizontal section. A U-shaped fiber optic sensor can be laid at the bottom of the vertical section with one end away from the ground; it can also be laid at the bottom of the build-up section; or two fiber optic sensors can be set, with one fiber optic sensor having one end away from the ground laid at the bottom of the vertical section and the other fiber optic sensor having one end away from the ground laid at the bottom of the build-up section.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, the surface fracturing well includes a vertical section, a directional section, and a horizontal section; the fiber optic sensor includes a first sensor, both ends of which are connected to a signal transceiver; a counterweight component is installed at the end of the robotic arm of the paving equipment; step 101 may specifically include the following steps:

[0064] The control and installation equipment lays the fiber optic sensors in a U-shape to the corresponding positions in the surface fracturing well, including:

[0065] The first sensor is fixed in a U-shape to the end of the counterweight component;

[0066] The control and installation equipment uses a robotic arm to lay the first sensor in a U-shape to the directional section of the fracturing well on the surface.

[0067] In one embodiment, the counterweight component 3 and the fiber optic sensor 1 are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, one end of the counterweight component 3 is connected to the robotic arm, and the other end is arc-shaped. The fiber optic sensor 1 is fitted into the counterweight component 3. The counterweight component 3 drives the fiber optic sensor 1 to the bottom of the directional section. The fiber optic sensor 1, which is laid in a U-shape, is fitted into the inner wall of the casing inside the fracturing well 6 on both sides.

[0068] In other embodiments of this application, the surface fracturing well includes a vertical section, a directional section, and a horizontal section; the fiber optic sensor includes a second sensor, both ends of which are connected to a signal transceiver; a counterweight component is installed at the end of the robotic arm of the paving equipment; step 101 may specifically include the following steps:

[0069] The second sensor is fixed in a U-shape to the end of the counterweight component;

[0070] The control and installation equipment uses a robotic arm to lay the second sensor in a U-shape to the vertical section of the surface fracturing well.

[0071] In this embodiment of the application, the second sensor can be laid in a U-shape to the vertical section of the surface fracturing well, thereby using the second sensor to monitor the movement of different rock layers covered by the vertical section.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, step 101 may specifically include the following steps:

[0073] The control laying device lays the fiber optic sensor in a U-shape to the corresponding position of the fracturing well on the ground at the first speed.

[0074] The first velocity is consistent with the speed at which the fiber optic sensor moves along the surface fracturing well, so that the fiber optic sensor is continuously subjected to prestress.

[0075] In this embodiment, during the installation process, prestress needs to be continuously applied to the fiber optic sensor to keep it taut. This ensures that the sensor remains parallel to the sidewall of the fracturing well after concrete is poured. This prevents the fiber optic sensor from bending, which could affect the accuracy of subsequent monitoring results. If the fiber optic sensor is bent, the rock layer, concrete, and fiber optic sensor will all deform in tandem after rock movement, making it impossible to determine whether the deformation is due to the sensor itself or the rock movement, thus affecting monitoring accuracy. Therefore, this application controls the laying device to lay the fiber optic sensor in a U-shape at a first speed to the corresponding position of the fracturing well, keeping the fiber optic sensor taut and improving the accuracy of rock movement monitoring.

[0076] Step 102: Control the grouting equipment to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well so that the fiber optic sensor inside the surface fracturing well can directly transmit force with the rock strata it is in.

[0077] It should be noted that in order to use fiber optic sensors to detect rock movement, the fiber optic sensor needs to move with the rock strata. If the fiber optic sensor is simply placed inside the surface fracturing well, the force generated by the rock movement cannot be fully transmitted to the fiber optic sensor, resulting in inaccurate monitoring results.

[0078] Therefore, in this embodiment of the application, the grouting equipment is controlled to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well so that the fiber optic sensor inside the surface fracturing well can directly transmit force with the rock strata it is in.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, after step 102, the method may further include:

[0080] The sensor mounting bracket is fixed at the wellhead of the fracturing well on the ground; both ends of the fiber optic sensor pass through the corresponding through holes on the sensor mounting bracket and are fixedly connected to the sensor mounting bracket through the through holes.

[0081] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, in order to better fix the fiber optic sensor and prevent it from moving before the concrete is completely solidified, thus affecting the monitoring accuracy, the two through holes on the sensor fixing part 2 are used to fix the two sides of the U-shaped fiber optic sensor 3, thereby ensuring that the fiber optic sensor remains in its original position and further improving the accuracy of rock layer 4 movement monitoring.

[0082] Step 103: Use a signal transceiver to send an input detection signal to the fiber optic sensor, and use the signal transceiver to receive the output detection signal transmitted back by the fiber optic sensor.

[0083] In one embodiment, step-type pump pulse light and continuous light can be injected into both ends of the optical fiber sensor, respectively. The two types of light interact inside the optical fiber (the signal after the interaction is the output detection signal mentioned above), resulting in a frequency difference. The strain and temperature at each point along the optical fiber can then be determined based on the frequency difference.

[0084] Step 104: Determine the fiber Brillouin frequency drift at each location on the fiber optic sensor based on the output detection signal, and determine the rock strata movement monitoring results corresponding to the goaf based on the fiber Brillouin frequency drift.

[0085] It should be noted that the sensing optical fiber is positive under tensile stress and negative under compressive stress. When the overlying rock deformation is small, the sensing optical fiber deforms in coordination with the surrounding rock mass; when the overlying rock deformation is large, the "fixed point" of the sensing optical fiber moves up and down with the stress concentration zone as the center. Therefore, the displacement information of the rock strata can be determined by using the Brillouin frequency drift of the optical fiber.

[0086] Furthermore, by utilizing the strain-sensitive properties of optical fibers, the optical fiber sensor and its neighboring rock strata deform in tandem, and the strain generated by the optical fiber sensor is the amount of deformation of the rock strata.

[0087] In one embodiment, step-type pump pulse light and continuous light can be injected into both ends of the fiber optic sensor, respectively. The two types of light interact inside the fiber, resulting in a frequency difference, which in turn determines the strain and temperature at various points along the fiber.

[0088] In some embodiments of this application, when the first sensor is laid to a vertical section, the fiber optic Brillouin frequency shift is calculated using the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, v B (ε,T) represents the drift of the fiber Brillouin frequency under strain or temperature conditions, v B (0) represents the reference drift of the fiber Brillouin frequency without strain or temperature, ε represents the axial strain of the sensing fiber, (T-T0) represents the change in external temperature, and dv B (ε) / dε is the coefficient of influence of strain on Brillouin frequency, dv B (T) / dT is the coefficient of influence of temperature on Brillouin frequency.

[0091] In other embodiments of this application, when the first sensor is laid to the skewing section, the fiber optic Brillouin frequency shift is calculated using the following formula:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, v B(ε·sinα,T) represents the drift of the fiber Brillouin frequency under strain or temperature conditions, v B (0) represents the reference drift of the fiber Brillouin frequency without strain or temperature, ε represents the axial strain of the sensing fiber, α represents the angle between this position and the horizontal plane, (T-T0) represents the change in external temperature, and dv B (ε) / dε is the coefficient of influence of strain on Brillouin frequency, dv B (T) / dT is the coefficient of influence of temperature on Brillouin frequency.

[0094] In some embodiments of this application, step 104 may specifically include the following steps:

[0095] Obtain a mapping table showing the relationship between hole depth and grouting pressure, and the speed at which the grout outlet of the grouting equipment moves.

[0096] Real-time acquisition of the current hole depth position of the grout outlet of the grouting equipment;

[0097] Based on the mapping table, determine the target grouting pressure and target grout outlet moving speed that match the current hole depth position;

[0098] The grouting equipment is controlled to inject concrete grout into the surface fracturing well according to the target grouting pressure and the target grout outlet moving speed.

[0099] It should be noted that the pressure on the fiber optic sensor at different well depths is different during the injection of concrete grout. In order to ensure that the fiber optic sensor is subjected to uniform force and to avoid damage to the fiber optic sensor during the grouting process, different grouting pressures and outlet moving speeds can be set according to different hole depths. The grout outlet can be controlled to move from bottom to top to inject concrete grout according to the mapping table, thereby further improving the monitoring accuracy of the fiber optic sensor.

[0100] In this embodiment, a mapping table between the hole depth position and the grouting pressure and the moving speed of the grout outlet of the grouting equipment can be preset. Based on the mapping table, the target grouting pressure and the target moving speed of the grout outlet that match the current hole depth position are determined. The grouting equipment is then controlled to inject concrete grout into the surface fracturing well according to the target grouting pressure and the target moving speed of the grout outlet.

[0101] According to the rock strata movement monitoring method based on a surface-fracturing horizontal well proposed in this disclosure, after fracturing the target weakened area corresponding to the goaf using a surface-fracturing well, the method involves controlling the laying equipment to lay fiber optic sensors in a U-shape at the corresponding positions of the surface-fracturing well; the fiber optic sensors are fitted to the well wall of the surface-fracturing well; concrete slurry is injected into the surface-fracturing well using grouting equipment to enable direct force transmission between the fiber optic sensors inside the surface-fracturing well and the surrounding rock strata; an input detection signal is sent to the fiber optic sensor using a transceiver, and an output detection signal is received from the fiber optic sensor using the same transceiver; the fiber Brillouin frequency drift at each position on the fiber optic sensor is determined based on the output detection signal, and the rock strata movement monitoring result corresponding to the goaf is determined based on the fiber Brillouin frequency drift. This method fully utilizes the surface-fracturing well based on fiber optic sensors, achieving more comprehensive movement monitoring of the rock strata above the goaf, improving the comprehensiveness of the monitoring range, and thus improving the accuracy of rock strata activity monitoring.

[0102] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating a rock formation movement monitoring device based on a surface-fractured horizontal well, according to an exemplary embodiment. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The device includes a paving unit 201, an injection unit 202, a detection unit 203, and a determination unit 204.

[0103] The paving unit 201 is used to control the paving equipment to lay the fiber optic sensor in a U-shape to the corresponding position of the surface fracturing well after the fracturing operation on the target weakened area corresponding to the goaf is completed using the surface fracturing well; the fiber optic sensor is fitted to the well wall of the surface fracturing well.

[0104] The injection unit 202 is used to control the grouting equipment to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well so that the fiber optic sensor inside the surface fracturing well can directly transmit force with the rock stratum it is in.

[0105] The detection unit 203 is used to send an input detection signal to the fiber optic sensor using a signal transceiver, and to receive an output detection signal transmitted back by the fiber optic sensor using the signal transceiver.

[0106] The determining unit 204 is used to determine the fiber optic Brillouin frequency drift at each position on the fiber optic sensor based on the output detection signal, and to determine the rock strata movement monitoring result corresponding to the goaf based on the fiber optic Brillouin frequency drift.

[0107] In some embodiments of this application, the surface fracturing well includes a vertical section, a directional section, and a horizontal section; the fiber optic sensor includes a first sensor, both ends of which are connected to the signal transceiver; the robotic arm of the paving equipment is equipped with a counterweight component, and the paving unit 201 can specifically be used for:

[0108] The control installation equipment lays fiber optic sensors in a U-shape to the corresponding positions of the surface fracturing well, including:

[0109] The first sensor is fixed in a U-shape at the end of the counterweight component;

[0110] The laying equipment is controlled to use the robotic arm to lay the first sensor in a U-shape to the directional section of the surface fracturing well.

[0111] In some embodiments of this application, the surface fracturing well includes a vertical section, a directional section, and a horizontal section; the fiber optic sensor includes a first sensor, both ends of which are connected to the signal transceiver; the robotic arm of the paving equipment is equipped with a counterweight component, and the paving unit 201 can also be used for:

[0112] The second sensor is fixed in a U-shape at the end of the counterweight component;

[0113] The laying equipment is controlled to use the robotic arm to lay the second sensor in a U-shape to the vertical section of the surface fracturing well.

[0114] In some embodiments of this application, the device may further include a fixing unit for fixing the sensor fixing member at the wellhead position of the fracturing well on the ground; both ends of the fiber optic sensor pass through corresponding through holes on the sensor fixing member and are fixedly connected to the sensor fixing member through the through holes.

[0115] In some embodiments of this application, the injection unit 202 may specifically be used for:

[0116] Obtain a mapping table showing the relationship between hole depth and grouting pressure, and the moving speed of the grout outlet of the controlled grouting device;

[0117] The current hole depth position of the grout outlet of the grouting control equipment is obtained in real time;

[0118] Based on the mapping table, determine the target grouting pressure and target grout outlet moving speed that match the current hole depth position;

[0119] The grouting equipment is controlled to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well according to the target grouting pressure and the target grout outlet moving speed.

[0120] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0121] According to the rock strata movement monitoring device based on a surface fracturing horizontal well proposed in this disclosure, after fracturing the target weakened area corresponding to the goaf using the surface fracturing well, the device controls the laying equipment to lay fiber optic sensors in a U-shape to the corresponding positions of the surface fracturing well; the fiber optic sensors are set in close contact with the well wall of the surface fracturing well; the device controls the grouting equipment to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well so that the fiber optic sensors inside the surface fracturing well can directly transmit force with the rock strata they are in; the device uses a transceiver to send input detection signals to the fiber optic sensors and uses a transceiver to receive output detection signals transmitted back by the fiber optic sensors; the device determines the fiber Brillouin frequency drift at each position on the fiber optic sensor based on the output detection signals, and determines the rock strata movement monitoring results corresponding to the goaf based on the fiber Brillouin frequency drift. Thus, the surface fracturing well is fully utilized based on the fiber optic sensors, enabling more comprehensive movement monitoring of the rock strata above the goaf, improving the comprehensiveness of the monitoring range, and thereby improving the accuracy of rock strata activity monitoring.

[0122] Figure 9 This is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for a method of monitoring rock movement in a surface-fractured horizontal well, according to an exemplary embodiment. For example, apparatus 900 may be an electronic device, such as a mobile phone, computer, digital broadcasting terminal, messaging device, game console, tablet device, medical device, fitness equipment, personal digital assistant, etc.

[0123] Reference Figure 9 The device 900 may include one or more of the following components: a processing component 902, a memory 904, a power component 906, a multimedia component 908, an audio component 910, an input / output (I / O) interface 912, a sensor component 914, and a communication component 916.

[0124] Processing component 902 typically controls the overall operation of device 900, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communication, camera operation, and recording. Processing component 902 may include one or more processors 920 to execute instructions to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described above. Furthermore, processing component 902 may include one or more modules to facilitate interaction between processing component 902 and other components. For example, processing component 902 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between multimedia component 908 and processing component 902.

[0125] Memory 904 is configured to store various types of data to support the operation of device 900. Examples of this data include instructions for any application or method operating on device 900, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, videos, etc. Memory 904 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0126] The power supply component 906 provides power to the various components of the device 900. The power supply component 906 may include a power management system, one or more power sources, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to the device 900.

[0127] Multimedia component 908 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the device 900 and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touchscreen to receive input signals from the user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, swipes, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensors may sense not only the boundaries of the touch or swipe action but also the duration and pressure associated with the touch or swipe operation. In some embodiments, multimedia component 908 includes a front-facing camera and / or a rear-facing camera. When the device 900 is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front-facing camera and / or the rear-facing camera may receive external multimedia data. Each front-facing camera and rear-facing camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have focal length and optical zoom capabilities.

[0128] Audio component 910 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, audio component 910 includes a microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when device 900 is in an operating mode, such as call mode, recording mode, and voice recognition mode. The received audio signals may be further stored in memory 904 or transmitted via communication component 916. In some embodiments, audio component 910 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0129] I / O interface 912 provides an interface between processing component 902 and peripheral interface modules, such as keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include, but are not limited to, home buttons, volume buttons, power buttons, and lock buttons.

[0130] Sensor assembly 914 includes one or more sensors for providing status assessments of various aspects of device 900. For example, sensor assembly 914 may detect the on / off state of device 900, the relative positioning of components such as the display and keypad of device 900, changes in position of device 900 or a component of device 900, the presence or absence of user contact with device 900, orientation or acceleration / deceleration of device 900, and temperature changes of device 900. Sensor assembly 914 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. Sensor assembly 914 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, sensor assembly 914 may also include an accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, pressure sensor, or temperature sensor.

[0131] Communication component 916 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between device 900 and other devices. Device 900 can access wireless networks based on communication standards, such as WiFi, 2G, or 3G, or combinations thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 916 receives broadcast signals or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 916 also includes a near-field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.

[0132] In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus 900 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components to perform the methods described above.

[0133] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory 904 including instructions, which can be executed by a processor 920 of the device 900 to perform the above-described method. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device, etc.

[0134] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program that implements the above-described method when executed by a processor 920 of the device 900.

[0135] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0136] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring rock strata movement based on surface-fractured horizontal wells, characterized in that, include: After fracturing the target weakened area corresponding to the goaf using a surface fracturing well, the control and installation equipment lays the fiber optic sensor in a U-shape to the corresponding position of the surface fracturing well; the fiber optic sensor is fitted to the well wall of the surface fracturing well. The grouting equipment is controlled to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well so that the fiber optic sensor inside the surface fracturing well can directly transmit force with the rock stratum it is in. The input detection signal is sent to the fiber optic sensor using a signal transceiver, and the output detection signal transmitted back by the fiber optic sensor is received using the same signal transceiver. Based on the output detection signal, the fiber optic Brillouin frequency drift at each position on the fiber optic sensor is determined, and based on the fiber optic Brillouin frequency drift, the rock strata movement monitoring result corresponding to the goaf is determined.

2. The method for monitoring rock strata movement based on surface-fractured horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface fracturing well includes a vertical section, a directional section, and a horizontal section; the fiber optic sensor includes a first sensor, both ends of which are connected to the signal transceiver; the robotic arm of the paving equipment is equipped with a counterweight component. The control installation equipment lays fiber optic sensors in a U-shape to the corresponding positions of the surface fracturing well, including: The first sensor is fixed in a U-shape at the end of the counterweight component; The laying equipment is controlled to use the robotic arm to lay the first sensor in a U-shape to the directional section of the surface fracturing well.

3. The method for monitoring rock strata movement based on surface-fractured horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface fracturing well includes a vertical section, a directional section, and a horizontal section; the fiber optic sensor includes a second sensor, both ends of which are connected to the signal transceiver; the robotic arm of the paving equipment is equipped with a counterweight component. The control installation equipment lays fiber optic sensors in a U-shape to the corresponding positions of the surface fracturing well, including: The second sensor is fixed in a U-shape at the end of the counterweight component; The laying equipment is controlled to use the robotic arm to lay the second sensor in a U-shape to the vertical section of the surface fracturing well.

4. The method for monitoring rock strata movement based on surface-fractured horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the controlled grouting equipment injects concrete grout into the surface fracturing well, the method further includes: The sensor fixture is fixed at the wellhead of the fracturing well on the ground; both ends of the fiber optic sensor pass through the corresponding through holes on the sensor fixture and are fixedly connected to the sensor fixture through the through holes.

5. The method for monitoring rock strata movement based on surface-fractured horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control installation equipment lays fiber optic sensors in a U-shape to the corresponding positions of the surface fracturing well, including: The laying device is controlled to lay the fiber optic sensor in a U-shape to the corresponding position of the surface fracturing well at a first speed; the first speed is consistent with the speed at which the fiber optic sensor moves along the surface fracturing well, so that the fiber optic sensor is continuously subjected to prestress.

6. The method for monitoring rock strata movement based on surface-fractured horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controlled grouting equipment injects concrete grout into the surface fracturing well, including: Obtain a mapping table showing the relationship between hole depth and grouting pressure, and the moving speed of the grout outlet of the controlled grouting device; The current hole depth position of the grout outlet of the grouting control equipment is obtained in real time; Based on the mapping table, determine the target grouting pressure and target grout outlet moving speed that match the current hole depth position; The grouting equipment is controlled to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well according to the target grouting pressure and the target grout outlet moving speed.

7. A rock strata movement monitoring device based on a surface-fracturing horizontal well, characterized in that, include: The paving unit is used to control the paving equipment to lay fiber optic sensors in a U-shape to the corresponding positions of the surface fracturing well after the fracturing operation on the target weakened area corresponding to the goaf is completed using the surface fracturing well; the fiber optic sensors are fitted to the well wall of the surface fracturing well. The injection unit is used to control the grouting equipment to inject concrete slurry into the surface fracturing well, so that the fiber optic sensor inside the surface fracturing well can directly transmit force with the rock stratum it is in. The detection unit is used to send an input detection signal to the fiber optic sensor using a signal transceiver, and to receive an output detection signal transmitted back by the fiber optic sensor using the signal transceiver. The determining unit is used to determine the fiber Brillouin frequency drift at each position on the fiber optic sensor based on the output detection signal, and to determine the rock strata movement monitoring result corresponding to the goaf based on the fiber Brillouin frequency drift.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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