Phase change circulation type temperature adjusting system for battery energy storage station and working method of phase change circulation type temperature adjusting system

Abstract

The invention discloses a phase-change circulation type temperature adjusting system for a battery energy storage station and a working method of the phase-change circulation type temperature adjusting system. The phase-change circulation type temperature adjusting system is mainly composed of a phase-change circulation type temperature adjusting device, a battery energy storage station main body and the like; the phase change circulation type temperature adjusting device is mainly composed of a U-shaped air guide pipe, an air inlet fan, a phase change material layer, heat conduction fins and the like. The battery energy storage station body is mainly composed of a sun shielding photovoltaic panel, a dustproof sealed cabin, an energy storage battery unit and the like. One part of the U-shaped air guide pipe is arranged in the battery energy storage station, the other part of the U-shaped air guide pipe penetrates into the ground surface layer and is used for connecting the battery energy storage station and the ground, and air in a cabin of the battery energy storage station is allowed to circulate in the pipe. Compared with the prior art, the system has the advantages that the huge energy storage carrier of the ground is utilized, land resources are fully utilized according to local conditions, air cooling and phase change cooling technologies are combined, and the system is used for heat management in the battery energy storage station, so that cooling in summer and heating in winter are realized, and the stability of the working environment temperature of the energy storage battery is maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal management technology for battery energy storage stations, and in particular to a phase change cycle temperature regulation system for battery energy storage stations and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] The core component of a battery energy storage station is the lithium-ion battery, used for energy storage and grid peak shaving and frequency regulation. However, due to the inherent properties of lithium-ion battery materials and structure, lithium batteries have a potential risk of thermal runaway, which could lead to serious accidents such as fires and explosions. From a safety perspective, thermal management of energy storage is extremely important. The ideal operating temperature range for lithium batteries is between room temperature and 35°C, and the electrochemical performance, thermal safety, and lifespan of individual cells are greatly affected by ambient temperature. Controlling the consistency and uniformity of the temperature of individual cells within the energy storage battery system is also crucial for maintaining the stability and safety of the system operation. Seasonal weather changes and diurnal temperature variations cause significant fluctuations in the ambient temperature of the battery energy storage station; simultaneously, due to the current thermal effect, lithium batteries inevitably generate Joule heat during charging and discharging. These are all uncontrollable factors that can cause the battery storage and operating environment temperature to exceed its normal operating window. In conclusion, thermal management and ambient temperature control of battery energy storage stations are crucial for energy storage safety and energy security.

[0003] Currently, the most mature thermal management technologies for battery energy storage stations include air cooling and liquid cooling. Air cooling is currently the mainstream solution in energy storage systems, while liquid cooling may see increased penetration in the future. Additionally, phase change cooling technology, as an emerging auxiliary thermal management technology, is under development and trial application. Air cooling systems use air as the cooling medium for temperature regulation, typically employing two methods to enhance heat exchange: increasing the contact area between the battery pack and the air, and strengthening ventilation. The main advantages of air cooling systems are their simple structure, high reliability, ease of implementation, and low cost, facilitating large-scale applications. Their disadvantages lie in their relatively poor heat exchange efficiency and cooling effect, usually requiring supplementary heat exchange enhancement technologies. Liquid cooling systems use thermally conductive liquids as the heat carrier, typically water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, or silicone oil as coolants, exchanging heat indirectly with the cell surface through flow channels. The advantages of liquid cooling are high cooling efficiency, and compared to air cooling, it eliminates the need for air ducts and mechanical components such as fans and blowers, saving space and eliminating noise pollution. However, liquid cooling suffers from problems such as large coolant consumption, high cost, and high system sealing requirements, making it less economically viable than air cooling at present.

[0004] Phase change cooling is a cooling method that utilizes the phase change physical change of a phase change material to absorb heat. The key to phase change cooling technology lies in the selection of the phase change material. The main factors affecting the cooling effect are the specific heat capacity and heat transfer coefficient of the phase change material; the higher these two core parameters are, the better the cooling effect. The advantages of phase change cooling technology are similar to those of liquid cooling: compact structure, low contact thermal resistance, and good cooling effect. The basic heat transfer equation for any heat transfer process can be expressed as Q = KFΔt, where Q is the heat storage / release power (W); K is the thermal conductivity between the hot and cold media (W / (m²)). 2 ·K); F is the heat transfer area, m 2 Δt represents the heat transfer temperature difference, in °C. According to the basic heat transfer equation, the three key parameters positively correlated with the heat transfer rate are K, F, and Δt. Most currently used phase change materials have low thermal conductivity; for example, the thermal conductivity of commonly used paraffin, acid, or alcohol-based organic media is approximately 0.3 W / (m²). 2 The thermal conductivity of inorganic salt media is approximately 0.5 W / (m·K). 2 These factors, including thermal conductivity (K), limit the heat storage performance of traditional phase change assisted heat exchange devices to some extent. Since most currently used phase change materials have low thermal conductivity and are also relatively expensive, the heat storage performance of traditional phase change assisted heat exchange devices is limited, necessitating their use in conjunction with other technologies. Currently, phase change material-assisted energy storage is mostly in the development and trial stages, with limited large-scale product applications.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN115863836A discloses "a temperature control system and control method for a containerized energy storage system." The temperature control system includes a container with two battery packs symmetrically arranged inside, forming a cold air duct between them. This cold air duct is used to input low-temperature external airflow to absorb heat from the battery packs and generate warm airflow. Two hot air ducts are formed between the cold air duct and the side walls of the container. Two return air ducts are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front end of the cold air duct. The warm airflow in the hot air ducts can enter the return air ducts to form a cooling cycle. During the cycle, the warm airflow gradually cools down, and the cooled airflow re-enters the cold air duct through the corresponding return air duct. An electric louver unit is also installed on the side wall of the container to introduce low-temperature ambient airflow into the hot air ducts and / or return air ducts to participate in the cooling cycle. This invention enables efficient heat exchange and cooling of the battery packs in the containerized energy storage system.

[0006] Chinese patent application CN115312896A discloses a "thermal management device for a photovoltaic energy storage power station." The embodiment of this patent provides a thermal management device for a photovoltaic energy storage power station. The photovoltaic energy storage power station includes an energy storage battery. The thermal management device includes a heat-absorbing layer and a liquid-cooling component. The heat-absorbing layer is disposed inside the energy storage battery. The liquid-cooling component includes a liquid reservoir, a condenser, a liquid-cooling plate, and a circulation pipe. The circulation pipe is connected to the liquid reservoir. The condenser and the liquid-cooling plate are disposed on the circulation pipe, and the liquid-cooling plate is disposed inside the energy storage battery. Through the cooperation of the heat-absorbing layer and the liquid-cooling component, the photovoltaic energy storage power station can be rapidly cooled, ensuring that the temperature of the photovoltaic energy storage power station is maintained within the normal operating temperature range.

[0007] Chinese patent application CN115863842A discloses "An Energy Storage Module with High-Efficiency Heat Dissipation Management," which relates to the field of battery heat dissipation technology. This energy storage module with high-efficiency heat dissipation management includes a mounting frame and battery cell modules. The bottom of the mounting frame has multiple arrayed mounting cylinders integrally formed, and the battery cell modules are inserted into the mounting cylinders. A ring-shaped heat insulation frame is fixedly fitted onto the side wall of the mounting frame, and a shell is fixedly fitted onto the side wall of the heat insulation frame. The mounting cylinders are inserted into the shell, and a cover plate is detachably connected to the top of the shell by bolts. The side wall of the shell has a strip-shaped opening. At high temperatures, the combination of liquid cooling and air cooling significantly increases the heat dissipation area, making heat dissipation more efficient and effective. Furthermore, in low-temperature environments, the air inside the shell can be expelled, creating a vacuum state inside, thus providing excellent insulation and preventing damage to the energy storage module from low temperatures, ensuring its performance and lifespan.

[0008] Chinese patent application CN115799717A discloses "An Energy-Saving Cooling System for an Energy Storage Device and its Energy-Saving Method." This invention discloses an energy-saving cooling system for an energy storage device and its energy-saving method. The system is characterized by maintaining the energy storage device within a preset operating temperature using a cooling system. It includes: an ambient temperature sensor that senses the actual temperature of the current environment and generates a temperature signal from the data, while simultaneously setting the preset operating temperature of the energy storage device; a thermal management module that acquires the temperature signal generated by the ambient temperature sensor and uses a blowing mode in the thermal management module to cool the energy storage device, ensuring that the energy storage device operates at the preset operating temperature; and an adjustable guide vane installed at the bottom of the energy storage device to distribute the hot airflow generated by the energy storage device. By using the cooling system, the energy storage device can adapt to different climate changes during operation and simultaneously achieve energy savings.

[0009] Chinese patent application CN119542483A discloses "A flow battery energy storage system and method coupled with phase change thermal storage". The invention provides a flow battery energy storage system and method coupled with phase change thermal storage. The system includes a cathode storage tank, an anode storage tank, a high-temperature phase change cavity, a low-temperature phase change cavity, a battery stack, and a control system. Under the control of the control system, the electrolyte selectively flows through the high-temperature phase change cavity and the low-temperature phase change cavity. By absorbing the heat generated by the battery operation and solar energy through the coupled phase change material, the system always operates within the optimal temperature range, thereby effectively improving the energy efficiency and thermal stability of the system and reducing the thermal management energy consumption of the system.

[0010] Chinese patent application CN115863836A, “A temperature control system and control method for a container energy storage system”, has the following shortcomings: (1) The temperature control system mainly uses the external low temperature environment to heat exchange and cool the internal battery. The application scenarios are very limited and the applicability is poor. When the external temperature is high in summer, it cannot adjust the battery working environment to maintain a suitable temperature; (2) The multi-channel loop design is relatively complicated and occupies the volume inside the container, resulting in a low space utilization rate of the energy storage battery.

[0011] Chinese patent application CN115312896A, “A thermal management device for a photovoltaic energy storage power station”, has the following shortcomings: (1) The thermal management device uses liquid cooling to cool the battery. When the external ambient temperature is low in winter or at night, it cannot adjust the battery working environment to maintain a suitable temperature; (2) The thermal management device uses water as the heat exchange medium, which requires a high sealing level for the energy storage battery system. In addition, the liquid cooling system adopts an open design. Since the water quality in nature is unknown, the system has high requirements for corrosion resistance and humidity control, and the system has poor robustness; (3) The thermal management device includes a heat absorption layer and a liquid cooling component. The heat absorption layer is set inside the energy storage battery. The liquid cooling component includes a liquid reservoir, a condenser, a liquid cooling plate, and a circulation pipe, etc. The design is relatively complex and costly.

[0012] Chinese patent application CN115863842A, “An Energy Storage Module with High-Efficiency Heat Dissipation Management”, has the following shortcomings: (1) The main structure of the system is a mounting frame with an insulation frame, and it combines liquid cooling and air cooling, which is relatively complex and costly; (2) The system requires the energy storage cell module to be placed in the mounting cylinder, which has high requirements for the size and electrical connection of the energy storage battery and poor applicability; (3) A vacuum pump is required to expel the air inside the shell. The vacuum pump has high power consumption and requires regular maintenance, which brings more cost pressure to the later operation and maintenance of the system.

[0013] Chinese patent application CN115799717A, “A cooling system for an energy-saving energy storage device and its energy-saving method”, has the following shortcomings: (1) The cooling system can only cool down the energy storage device, and cannot heat and keep the energy storage device warm when the ambient temperature is low; (2) The cooling system uses both liquid cooling and air cooling technologies, which have problems such as low space utilization, high system sealing requirements and high cost.

[0014] Chinese patent application CN119542483A, "A flow battery energy storage system and method coupled with phase change thermal storage," has the following shortcomings: This coupled phase change thermal storage system combines the characteristic that the electrolyte in a flow battery needs to circulate. It achieves heat exchange and temperature regulation by designing the external pipeline of the electrolyte as a heat exchange tube to exchange heat with the phase change cavity. However, it is not applicable to electrochemical energy storage stations that use mainstream lithium-ion batteries as the core energy storage device.

[0015] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a reliable temperature control system for battery energy storage stations that can effectively maintain the stable operating temperature of energy storage batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0016] To address the problems in the prior art, this invention proposes a phase change cyclic temperature regulation system and its operating method for battery energy storage stations. It utilizes the earth as a huge energy storage carrier, makes full use of land resources in accordance with local conditions, and combines air cooling and phase change cooling technologies for thermal management inside the main body of the battery energy storage station, achieving cooling in summer and heating in winter to maintain the stability of the operating environment temperature of the energy storage battery.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0018] The first objective of this invention is to provide a phase change circulating temperature control system for a battery energy storage station. The phase change circulating temperature control system includes a phase change circulating temperature control device and a battery energy storage station body. The phase change circulating temperature control device is used to realize air flow and heat exchange within the chamber to achieve temperature control. The battery energy storage station is used to realize energy storage functions such as photovoltaic power generation and electrical energy storage.

[0019] Furthermore, the phase change circulating temperature control device includes a U-shaped air duct, an air intake fan, a phase change material layer, and heat-conducting fins; the main body of the battery energy storage station includes a dustproof sealed chamber; part of the U-shaped air duct is placed in the dustproof sealed chamber, and part is placed on the ground surface layer, for connecting the main body of the battery energy storage station and the ground, and the air in the dustproof sealed chamber of the main body of the battery energy storage station circulates through the U-shaped air duct; the air intake fan is used to force the air in the dustproof sealed chamber of the main body of the battery energy storage station to flow into the U-shaped air duct; the phase change material layer covers the surface of the part of the U-shaped air duct placed on the ground surface layer, and the phase change material layer absorbs heat from the air inside the main body of the battery energy storage station or from the interior of the ground surface layer; the heat-conducting fins are provided on the surface of the part of the U-shaped air duct placed on the ground surface layer and / or on the outside of the phase change material layer, for enhancing the heat exchange between the main body of the battery energy storage station and the ground surface layer.

[0020] Furthermore, the U-shaped air duct includes an air inlet and an air outlet; the air inlet and air outlet are respectively located at both ends of the U-shaped air duct; the air inlet and air outlet are located inside the dustproof and sealed chamber.

[0021] Furthermore, the air intake fan is located at the air inlet of the U-shaped air duct.

[0022] Furthermore, the air inlet is higher than the air outlet; the air inlet is trumpet-shaped; and the air outlet is umbrella-shaped. The wide-mouth design of the air inlet is based on Bernoulli's principle; after the airflow enters the U-shaped duct, the flow velocity increases due to the smaller inner diameter, which is beneficial for promoting gas circulation and heat exchange within the dustproof sealed chamber. The umbrella-shaped air outlet and its low height design facilitate the return of temperature-regulated air to the bottom space of the dustproof sealed chamber, promoting temperature balance between the upper and lower spaces.

[0023] Furthermore, the upper part of the U-shaped air duct is placed in a dustproof and sealed chamber, while the lower part is placed on the ground surface.

[0024] Furthermore, the phase change cyclic temperature control system also includes an insulation material layer; the insulation material layer is disposed on the surface of the ground surface.

[0025] Furthermore, the main body of the battery energy storage station also includes a solar photovoltaic panel; the solar photovoltaic panel is located outside the dustproof and sealed cabin; the solar photovoltaic panel can generate electricity using solar energy to achieve the regeneration of clean energy, and also serves to provide sunshade, heat insulation, wind and rain protection for the dustproof and sealed cabin of the main body of the battery energy storage station.

[0026] Furthermore, the main body of the battery energy storage station also includes an energy storage battery unit; the energy storage battery unit is housed in a dustproof and sealed cabin; the energy storage battery unit is used to store electrical energy from solar photovoltaic panels or the power grid system to achieve functions such as energy storage and power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation.

[0027] Furthermore, the phase change material layer includes a phase change material; the phase change material includes, but is not limited to, one or more of paraffin, organic acids, alcohols and inorganic salts.

[0028] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for operating a phase change cycle temperature control system for a battery energy storage station, comprising the following steps:

[0029] In high-temperature environments during summer, the internal temperature of the dustproof sealed compartment of the battery energy storage station is relatively high. At this time, the air intake mechanism forces hot air from inside the dustproof sealed compartment into the U-shaped air duct. Due to the reduced inner diameter of the duct, the hot air flows rapidly along its interior. As the hot air flows past the bottom of the U-shaped air duct, the phase change material layer absorbs heat from the air and further transfers it to the ground surface through the heat-conducting fins. The hot air in the U-shaped air duct is forced to exchange heat and cool, becoming cold air that continues to flow back into the dustproof sealed compartment of the battery energy storage station, thus achieving cooling and temperature regulation within the dustproof sealed compartment.

[0030] In the cold winter environment, the temperature inside the dustproof sealed chamber of the battery energy storage station is low. The cold air inside the dustproof sealed chamber is forced into the U-shaped heat pipe. Due to the temperature difference, the cold air absorbs heat from the ground surface through the heat-conducting fins and phase change material layer. The hot air continues to flow back into the dustproof sealed chamber of the battery energy storage station to achieve heating and temperature regulation inside the dustproof sealed chamber.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in the following aspects:

[0032] 1) The phase change circulating temperature regulation system for battery energy storage stations of the present invention is green and environmentally friendly. The system uses the continuously constant temperature surface layer as an energy storage carrier and achieves functions such as cooling in summer and heating in winter in the main body of the battery energy storage station through heat exchange between air and phase change materials, without any additional energy consumption.

[0033] 2) The phase change circulating temperature control system for battery energy storage stations of the present invention adopts coupled phase change heat transfer enhancement technology, including adding heat-conducting fins between the heat exchange fluid and the phase change energy storage medium (phase change material layer) to increase the heat exchange area F and enhance the heat exchange effect. That is, when the fluid flows through the underground, the phase change energy storage medium can enhance the heat exchange with the ground surface layer with the help of heat-conducting fins.

[0034] 3) The phase change circulating temperature regulation system for battery energy storage stations of the present invention has a simple structure and low cost. The phase change circulating temperature regulation device in the system is mainly composed of a U-shaped air duct, an air inlet fan, a phase change material layer and heat-conducting fins. It does not have complex accessories or devices such as a central control system, which is conducive to the promotion and application of the temperature regulation system, especially suitable for energy storage power stations located in harsh outdoor environments.

[0035] 4) The phase change circulating temperature control system for battery energy storage stations of the present invention is simple to operate and maintain. The main mechanical component of the temperature control system is the air intake fan, and there are no other precision moving parts and devices. Daily maintenance and operation are simple, which greatly reduces the operation and maintenance cost of battery energy storage stations. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the phase change cycle temperature regulation system for a battery energy storage station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of the above-ground portion of a phase change cycle temperature regulation system for a battery energy storage station, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a top cross-sectional view of the underground portion of a phase change cycle temperature regulation system for a battery energy storage station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] The numbers in the diagram are as follows:

[0040] 1. Dustproof sealed chamber, 2. Sunshade photovoltaic panel, 3. Energy storage battery unit, 4. U-shaped air duct, 5. Air inlet, 6. Air inlet fan, 7. Air outlet, 8. Phase change material layer, 9. Heat-conducting fins, 10. Heat insulation material layer, 11. Surface layer, a. Airflow diagram arrow. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but this is by no means a limitation thereof. Any preparation methods, materials, structures, or composition ratios not explicitly described in this technical solution are considered common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0042] This invention provides a phase change circulating temperature control system for a battery energy storage station, which mainly consists of a phase change circulating temperature control device and a battery energy storage station body. The phase change circulating temperature control device mainly consists of components such as a U-shaped air duct 4, an air inlet fan 6, a phase change material layer 8, and heat-conducting fins 9. The battery energy storage station body mainly consists of components such as a solar photovoltaic panel 2, a dustproof and sealed cabin 1, and an energy storage battery unit 3.

[0043] Among them, the U-shaped air duct 4, the air inlet fan 6, the phase change material layer 8 and the heat-conducting fins 9 together realize the air flow and heat exchange in the cabin to achieve the temperature regulation function; the sunshade photovoltaic panel 2, the dustproof sealed cabin 1, the energy storage battery unit 3 and other parts together realize the energy storage functions such as photovoltaic power generation and electrical energy storage.

[0044] U-shaped air duct 4: One part is placed in the main body of the battery energy storage station, and the other part extends into the ground surface layer 11 to connect the main body of the battery energy storage station to the ground. Air can circulate in the dustproof sealed chamber 1 of the main body of the battery energy storage station.

[0045] Air intake fan 6: Forces air to flow into the U-shaped air duct 4 from the dustproof and sealed chamber 1 of the main body of the battery energy storage station.

[0046] Phase change material layer 8: Covers the surface of the underground part of the U-shaped air duct 4, and absorbs heat from the air inside the energy storage station or from the interior of the ground surface. Phase change material layer 8 includes phase change materials, and typical phase change materials include, but are not limited to, one or more of paraffin, organic acids, alcohols and inorganic salts.

[0047] Heat-conducting fins 9: By increasing the heat exchange area, the heat exchange between the phase change material and the heat-conducting medium, air, and the ground surface is enhanced.

[0048] Sunshade photovoltaic panel 2: On the one hand, it can generate electricity using solar energy to achieve the regeneration of clean energy; on the other hand, it serves to provide shade, heat insulation, wind protection, and rain protection for the main body of the energy storage station.

[0049] Dustproof sealed chamber 1: It houses the energy storage battery system (energy storage battery unit 3) and provides a clean and stable energy storage environment for the energy storage equipment (energy storage battery unit 3) inside the chamber, so as to avoid the accumulation of dust or debris on the energy storage cabinet (energy storage battery unit 3) or blockage of the heat dissipation holes, thereby causing heat accumulation inside the cabinet.

[0050] Energy storage battery unit 3: Stores electrical energy from the solar photovoltaic panel 2 or the power grid system to achieve functions such as energy storage and power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation.

[0051] The phase change cycle temperature control system also includes an insulation material layer 10, which is an insulation material laid on the surface of the main body of the battery energy storage station to reduce heat loss to the environment.

[0052] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] It should be noted that in this invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0054] Example

[0055] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a phase change circulating temperature control system for a battery energy storage station. The phase change circulating temperature control system includes a phase change circulating temperature control device and a battery energy storage station body, and also includes an insulation material layer 10. The phase change circulating temperature control device is used to realize air flow and heat exchange within the chamber to achieve temperature control. The battery energy storage station is used to realize energy storage functions such as photovoltaic power generation and electrical energy storage.

[0056] The phase change circulating temperature control device includes a U-shaped air duct 4, an air inlet fan 6, a phase change material layer 8, and heat-conducting fins 9.

[0057] The main body of the battery energy storage station includes a dustproof and sealed cabin 1, a sunshade photovoltaic panel 2, and an energy storage battery unit 3.

[0058] The dustproof sealed chamber 1 is used to house the energy storage battery unit 3, and the dustproof sealed chamber 1 is located on the ground.

[0059] The aforementioned solar photovoltaic panel 2 is located outside the dustproof and sealed cabin 1. The solar photovoltaic panel 2 has a dual function: on the one hand, it can generate electricity using outdoor solar energy to achieve the regeneration of clean energy, and the generated electricity is stored in the energy storage battery to achieve the integration of photovoltaic and energy storage; on the other hand, it serves to provide sunshade, heat insulation, wind and rain protection for the dustproof and sealed cabin 1 of the battery energy storage station, so as to ensure the relative stability of the environment in which the battery energy storage station is located.

[0060] The energy storage battery unit 3 is housed in a dustproof and sealed chamber 1; the energy storage battery unit 3 is used to store electrical energy from the solar photovoltaic panel 2 or the power grid system to achieve functions such as energy storage and power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation.

[0061] The energy storage battery unit 3 includes one or more energy storage battery cabinets, which can realize functions such as energy storage, peak shaving and valley filling, and frequency and voltage regulation.

[0062] The openings at both ends of the U-shaped air duct 4 are located inside the dustproof and sealed chamber 1 of the main body of the battery energy storage station. Specifically, the U-shaped air duct 4 includes an air inlet 5 and an air outlet 7. The air inlet 5 and the air outlet 7 are respectively located at both ends of the U-shaped air duct 4. The air inlet 5 and the air outlet 7 are located inside the dustproof and sealed chamber 1.

[0063] The height of the air inlet 5 is higher than that of the air outlet 7; the air inlet 5 is a trumpet-shaped air inlet with a wide diameter design. According to Bernoulli's principle, the airflow will increase accordingly after entering the U-shaped air duct 4 due to the smaller inner diameter, which is conducive to promoting gas circulation and heat exchange in the dustproof and sealed chamber 1; the air outlet 7 is an umbrella-shaped air outlet.

[0064] The air intake fan 6 is located at the air inlet 5 of the U-shaped air duct 4. The air intake fan 6 is a small air intake fan; the air intake fan 6 is used to force air from the dustproof and sealed chamber 1 of the main body of the battery energy storage station into the U-shaped air duct 4.

[0065] The U-shaped air duct 4 is used to connect the main body of the battery energy storage station to the ground, and the air inside the dustproof sealed chamber 1 of the main body of the battery energy storage station circulates through the U-shaped air duct 4. The upper part of the U-shaped air duct 4 is placed in the dustproof sealed chamber 1, and the lower part is placed on the ground surface layer 11 (i.e., the curved part is buried underground).

[0066] The phase change material layer 8 covers a portion of the surface layer 11 (underground portion) of the U-shaped air duct 4. The phase change material layer 8 absorbs heat from the air inside the battery storage station body or from the interior of the surface layer 11. The phase change material layer 8 comprises a phase change material; the phase change material includes, but is not limited to, one or more of paraffin wax, organic acids, alcohols, and inorganic salts. The heat-conducting fins 9 are disposed on the surface of the portion of the U-shaped air duct 4 that is in the surface layer 11 and / or on the outside of the phase change material layer 8, to enhance heat exchange between the battery storage station body and the surface layer 11. When the heat-conducting fins 9 are disposed on the surface of the portion of the U-shaped air duct 4 that is placed on the ground surface layer 11, the heat-conducting fins 9 are vertically arranged in the length direction, and multiple heat-conducting fins 9 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the U-shaped air duct 4; when the heat-conducting fins 9 are disposed on the outside of the phase change material layer 8, the heat-conducting fins 9 are vertically arranged in the length direction, and multiple heat-conducting fins 9 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the phase change material layer 8.

[0067] The insulation material layer 10 is disposed on the surface of the portion of the U-shaped air duct 4 exposed to the air and / or on the surface of the ground layer 11. The insulation material layer 10 includes insulation material, which is laid on the surface of the battery energy storage station (the surface of the ground layer 11) to reduce heat loss to the environment; the insulation material includes, but is not limited to, one or more of paraffin wax, organic acids, alcohols and inorganic salts.

[0068] The working method of the phase change cycle temperature control system for battery energy storage stations specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] In high-temperature environments during summer, the internal temperature of the dustproof sealed chamber 1 of the battery energy storage station is relatively high. At this time, the air intake fan 6 will force the hot air inside the dustproof sealed chamber 1 of the battery energy storage station to flow into the U-shaped air guide duct 4. Due to the reduced inner diameter of the duct, the hot air will flow rapidly along the duct. When the hot air flows through the bottom of the U-shaped air guide duct 4, the phase change material layer 8 will absorb the heat from the air and further transfer the heat to the ground surface layer 11 through the heat-conducting fins 9. The hot air in the U-shaped air guide duct 4 is forced to exchange heat and cool down into cold air, which then flows back into the dustproof sealed chamber 1 of the battery energy storage station to achieve cooling and temperature regulation inside the dustproof sealed chamber 1.

[0070] In the cold winter environment, the internal temperature of the dustproof sealed chamber 1 of the main body of the battery energy storage station is low. The cold air inside the dustproof sealed chamber 1 is forced to flow into the U-shaped heat pipe 4. Due to the temperature difference, the cold air will absorb the heat from the ground surface layer 11 through the heat-conducting fins 9 and the phase change material layer 8. The hot air continues to flow back into the dustproof sealed chamber 1 of the main body of the battery energy storage station to achieve the heating and temperature regulation inside the dustproof sealed chamber 1.

[0071] Figure 1In the diagram, 'a' represents an arrow indicating airflow. The airflow enters the U-shaped heat pipe 4 through the air inlet 5 and then flows out through the air outlet 7.

[0072] Although the embodiments of this application disclose the above-described methods, the content described is merely an implementation method adopted for ease of understanding. Any person skilled in the art should understand that any modifications and changes can be made to the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in this invention. However, the patent protection scope of this invention shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A phase change cycle temperature control system for a battery energy storage station, characterized in that, The phase change cyclic temperature control system includes a phase change cyclic temperature control device and a battery energy storage station main body; The phase change circulating temperature regulating device includes a U-shaped air duct (4), an air inlet fan (6), a phase change material layer (8), and heat-conducting fins (9); The main body of the battery energy storage station includes a dustproof and sealed cabin (1); The U-shaped air duct (4) is partially placed in the dustproof sealed chamber (1) and partially placed on the ground surface layer (11) to connect the main body of the battery energy storage station and the ground. The air inside the dustproof sealed chamber (1) of the main body of the battery energy storage station circulates through the U-shaped air duct (4). The aforementioned air intake fan (6) is used to force air into the U-shaped air duct (4) of the dustproof sealed cabin (1) of the main body of the battery energy storage station; The phase change material layer (8) covers the surface of the part of the U-shaped air duct (4) placed on the earth's surface layer (11). The phase change material layer (8) absorbs heat from the air inside the battery energy storage station or from the interior of the earth's surface layer (11). The heat-conducting fins (9) are provided on the surface of the part of the U-shaped air duct (4) that is placed on the ground surface layer (11) and / or on the outside of the phase change material layer (8) to enhance the heat exchange between the battery energy storage station body and the ground surface layer (11).

2. The phase change cycle temperature control system for a battery energy storage station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The U-shaped air duct (4) includes an air inlet (5) and an air outlet (7); The air inlet (5) and air outlet (7) are respectively located at both ends of the U-shaped air guide pipe (4); The air inlet (5) and air outlet (7) are located inside the dustproof and sealed chamber (1).

3. The phase change cycle temperature control system for a battery energy storage station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air intake fan (6) is located at the air inlet (5) of the U-shaped air duct (4).

4. The phase change cycle temperature control system for a battery energy storage station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the air inlet (5) is higher than that of the air outlet (7); The air inlet (5) is a trumpet-shaped air inlet; The air outlet (7) is an umbrella-shaped air outlet.

5. The phase change cycle temperature control system for a battery energy storage station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the U-shaped air duct (4) is placed in the dustproof sealed chamber (1), and the lower part is placed on the ground surface layer (11).

6. The phase change cyclic temperature control system for a battery energy storage station according to claim 5, characterized in that, The phase change cyclic temperature control system also includes a thermal insulation material layer (10); The heat insulation material layer (10) is disposed on the surface of the ground surface layer (11).

7. The phase change cycle temperature control system for a battery energy storage station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the battery energy storage station also includes a solar photovoltaic panel (2); The sunshade solar panel (2) is located outside the dustproof sealed chamber (1).

8. The phase change cyclic temperature control system for a battery energy storage station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the battery energy storage station also includes an energy storage battery unit (3); The energy storage battery unit (3) is housed in a dustproof and sealed chamber (1).

9. The phase change cyclic temperature control system for a battery energy storage station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change material layer (8) includes a phase change material; The phase change material includes one or more of paraffin, organic acids, alcohols, and inorganic salts.

10. A method of operating a phase change cycle temperature control system for a battery energy storage station as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The working method includes the following steps: When the ambient temperature inside the dustproof sealed chamber (1) of the main body of the battery energy storage station is high, the air intake fan (6) will force the hot air inside the dustproof sealed chamber (1) of the main body of the battery energy storage station to flow into the U-shaped air duct (4). When the hot air flows through the bottom of the U-shaped air duct (4), the phase change material layer (8) will absorb the heat in the air and further introduce the heat into the ground surface layer (11) through the heat-conducting fins (9). The hot air in the U-shaped air duct (4) is forced to exchange heat and cool into cold air and continues to flow back into the dustproof sealed chamber (1) of the main body of the battery energy storage station to achieve cooling and temperature regulation inside the dustproof sealed chamber (1). When the ambient temperature inside the dustproof sealed chamber (1) of the main body of the battery energy storage station is low, the cold air inside the dustproof sealed chamber (1) is forced to flow into the U-shaped heat pipe (4). Due to the temperature difference, the cold air will absorb the heat from the ground surface layer (11) through the heat-conducting fins (9) and the phase change material layer (8). The hot air continues to flow back into the dustproof sealed chamber (1) of the main body of the battery energy storage station to achieve heating and temperature regulation inside the dustproof sealed chamber (1).

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