Laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing device and method for particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing of metal matrix composites, and provides a laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing device and method for particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites, and the additive manufacturing device comprises a laser wire feeding head, a base plate, a rotating shaft, a laser part and a magnetic field auxiliary system; the laser wire feeding head can move along the Y axis and the Z axis, the base plate is installed on the rotating shaft and can rotate around the Y axis along with the rotating shaft, a wire is arranged in the middle of the laser wire feeding head, and the laser part can emit laser. By adjusting the relative position of the laser wire feeding head and the substrate, the tail end of the wire and the laser can be converged on the substrate, and then additive manufacturing is achieved. By means of the magnetic field force and the wire stirring oscillation effect, the flowing state of particles in a molten pool can be effectively controlled, uniform dispersion of the particles is promoted, and therefore the compactness and the mechanical property of the composite material are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal matrix composite additive manufacturing, in particular to a particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing device and method, and especially to a magnetic field assisted particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite is widely used in the field of aerospace due to its excellent mechanical properties and lightweight characteristics. However, there are problems such as uneven distribution of reinforcing particles, difficult machining of components, and poor weldability in the traditional manufacturing process of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite structural parts, which cannot meet the manufacturing needs of large aerospace critical components. Laser wire feeding additive manufacturing, as a new manufacturing method, has become an alternative to traditional casting / forging + mechanical cutting of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite due to its one-piece forming concept and process advantages. However, in the process of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite laser wire feeding additive manufacturing, the problem of particle agglomeration seriously limits the improvement of the performance of the structural parts, which becomes a key bottleneck for the development of this technology.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, a laser additive manufacturing method for particle reinforced metal matrix composite parts is disclosed in patent document CN112643050A, which introduces high-energy ultrasound to the molten pool to improve the performance of the component; patent document CN116532668A discloses an arc additive manufacturing metal matrix composite molten pool low-density particle floating effect suppression device and method, which introduces a laser impact device to stir the molten pool to achieve the effect of suppressing particle agglomeration. For the above prior art, the inventors believe that the field of magnetic field assisted particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite laser wire feeding additive manufacturing has not been fully researched in China, and research on particle distribution strategies based on optimized forming trajectories has not been carried out in the process of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite laser wire feeding additive manufacturing. Therefore, it is urgent to design a new method and device to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing device and method.

[0005] According to the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing device provided by the present application, the laser wire feeding head, the base plate, the rotating shaft, the laser part and the magnetic field auxiliary system are provided.

[0006] The laser wire feeder head can move along the Y-axis and the Z-axis, the substrate is mounted on a rotary shaft and can rotate with the rotary shaft around the Y-axis, a wire material is arranged on the laser wire feeder head, the laser part can emit laser, and adjustment of the relative position of the laser wire feeder head and the substrate can make the end of the wire material and the laser converge on the substrate to realize additive manufacturing.

[0007] In the additive manufacturing, the laser part is started to emit laser, the laser acts on the substrate to generate a molten pool, and then the wire feeder is started; the laser wire feeder head scans according to the path in the selected stirring mode, and the rotary shaft is started synchronously until the additive manufacturing of the granular reinforced aluminum matrix composite deposition layer is completed.

[0008] Preferably, the magnetic field auxiliary system adopts a full-size constant magnetic field or a follow-up alternating magnetic field.

[0009] Preferably, the magnetic field auxiliary system adopts a full-size constant magnetic field mechanism, which is arranged on the first support, and the first support is fixed.

[0010] Preferably, the full-size constant magnetic field mechanism includes a permanent magnet, a first water-cooled pipe, a first water-cooled pipe protective shell, a first water inlet, a first water outlet, and a heat insulation shell.

[0011] The heat insulation shell is arranged at the end of the first support, the heat insulation shell is sleeved outside the first water-cooled pipe protective shell, the permanent magnet is arranged between the heat insulation shell and the first water-cooled pipe protective shell, the first water-cooled pipe is arranged inside the first water-cooled pipe protective shell, one end of the first water-cooled pipe is connected with the first water inlet, and the other end of the first water-cooled pipe is connected with the first water outlet.

[0012] Preferably, the permanent magnet adopts a Halbach array arrangement of external magnetic field expansion.

[0013] The heat insulation shell is made of aerogel doped with ferrite nanoparticles.

[0014] The first water-cooled pipe is made of copper or aluminum material.

[0015] Preferably, the magnetic field auxiliary system adopts a follow-up alternating magnetic field mechanism, which is arranged on the second support, and the second support can move synchronously with the laser wire feeder head along the Y-axis.

[0016] Preferably, the follow-up alternating magnetic field mechanism includes a core, a coil, a second water inlet, a second water outlet, and a heat insulation sleeve.

[0017] The coil is arranged along the circumference of the iron core, both ends of the iron core are provided with a heat insulation sleeve, the iron core is arranged at the end of the second support, the second water cooling pipe is arranged in the iron core, one end of the second water cooling pipe is connected with the second water inlet, and the other end of the second water cooling pipe is connected with the second water outlet.

[0018] Preferably, the heat insulation sleeve is made of aerogel doped with iron oxide nanoparticles.

[0019] The second water cooling pipe is made of copper or aluminum material.

[0020] According to the application, a laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing method of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step one: preparing particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material wire;

[0022] Step two: installing a substrate, and installing the substrate on a rotary shaft;

[0023] Step three: adjusting the relative position of the laser wire feeding head and the substrate to ensure that the wire end and the laser can converge on the substrate;

[0024] Step four: adjusting the relative position of the laser and the magnetic field to ensure that the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material deposition layer generated in the laser wire feeding additive process is effectively affected by the magnetic field;

[0025] Step five: setting additive manufacturing parameters;

[0026] Step six: starting the laser to emit laser, starting the wire feeder after the laser acts on the substrate to generate a molten pool; the laser and the laser wire feeding head scan according to the path in the specified stirring mode, and the rotary shaft is started synchronously until the additive of the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material deposition layer is completed, and the laser is turned off after the wire is retracted;

[0027] Step seven: starting the next layer of additive manufacturing according to the foregoing operation until the additive manufacturing of the structure is completed.

[0028] Preferably, the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material uses a single material or particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials with different proportions for variable component structure additive manufacturing;

[0029] The magnetic field uses a full-size constant magnetic field or a follow-up alternating magnetic field;

[0030] The laser wire feeding stirring mode is at least one mode of V-shaped, alternating V-shaped, S-shaped, spiral-shaped, N-shaped and alternating crescent-shaped wire for stirring the molten pool.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The application adopts a method of coaxial laser wire feeding of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite wire and laser, uses laser heat source to melt aluminum alloy, forms an aluminum matrix composite molten pool containing reinforcing particles, the molten pool cuts the magnetic induction line flow to generate induced current, and the Seebeck coefficient size and temperature difference between the reinforcing particles and the aluminum alloy heterogeneous materials generate thermoelectric current, the magnetic field auxiliary device mainly affects the molten pool flow process by the influence of the Lorentz force on the induced current and thermoelectric current in the molten pool, thereby effectively controlling the flow state of the particles in the molten pool and promoting the uniform dispersion of the particles. In addition, the agitating and oscillating action of the wire avoids the sedimentation behavior of the reinforcing particles under the action of gravity, the particles in the molten pool are dispersed under the effect of wire stirring, and then rapidly solidified, so that the aluminum matrix composite with uniform dispersion is obtained, thereby improving the density and mechanical properties of the composite material; the introduction of the stirring wire feeding method promotes the uniform distribution of the reinforcing particles, effectively controls the cooling rate and grain growth of the molten pool, promotes the gas discharge, improves the microstructure of the formed part, and improves the mechanical properties.

[0033] 2. The laser wire feeding integrated forming technology adopted by the application can realize the integrated forming of variable component structure parts by changing the volume fraction of reinforcing particles in the raw materials, solving the problem that traditional particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites are difficult to prepare variable component structure parts by casting.

[0034] 3. On the basis of the existing laser wire feeding additive technology, the laser wire feeding integrated forming technology adopted by the application allows complex geometric shapes and structure designs according to needs, solves the problem that traditional casting forming is limited by mold shape and design, making it difficult to manufacture complex structures, and can realize higher design freedom. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Other features, objects and advantages of the application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic diagram of the laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing device for particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite, wherein a full-size constant magnetic field mechanism is arranged in the base plate;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing device for particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite, wherein a follow-up alternating magnetic field mechanism is arranged in the base plate;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic diagram of the full-size constant magnetic field mechanism;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic diagram of the follow-up alternating magnetic field mechanism;

[0040] Figure 5It is a structural schematic diagram of the water-cooled pipe in the full-size constant magnetic field mechanism.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the laser wire feeding stirring mode.

[0042] It is shown in the figure that:

[0043] The laser wire feeding head 1;

[0044] The substrate 2;

[0045] The rotary shaft 3;

[0046] The full-size constant magnetic field mechanism 4;

[0047] The follow-up alternating magnetic field mechanism 5;

[0048] The first support 6;

[0049] The second support 7;

[0050] The permanent magnet 8;

[0051] The first water-cooled pipe 9;

[0052] The first water-cooled pipe protection shell 10;

[0053] The first water inlet 11;

[0054] The first water outlet 12;

[0055] The heat insulation shell 13;

[0056] The iron core 14;

[0057] The coil 15;

[0058] The second water inlet 16;

[0059] The second water outlet 17;

[0060] The heat insulation sleeve 18;

[0061] The wire material 19;

[0062] The laser 20. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any form. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application. These all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0064] Example 1:

[0065] The application provides a laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing device for a particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , comprising a laser wire feeding head 1, a base plate 2, a rotating shaft 3, a laser part and a magnetic field auxiliary system, the laser wire feeding head 1 can move along the Y and Z axes, the base plate 2 is installed on the rotating shaft 3 and can rotate around the Y axis with the rotating shaft 3, the wire 19 is arranged in the interior of the laser wire feeding head 1, the laser part can emit laser 20, the relative position of the laser wire feeding head 1 and the base plate 2 is adjusted, so that the end of the wire 19 and the laser 20 converge on the base plate 2, and additive manufacturing is realized. In a possible embodiment, the laser part adopts a laser, and the laser is connected with the laser wire feeding head 1 through an optical fiber, so that the laser 20 is emitted from one position or multiple positions of the laser wire feeding head 1 and acts on the additive manufacturing position.

[0066] It should be noted that when additive manufacturing is performed, the laser part is started to emit the laser 20, the wire feeder is started after the laser 20 acts on the base plate 2 and generates a molten pool; the laser wire feeding head 1 scans according to the path in the selected stirring mode, and the rotating shaft 3 is started synchronously until the additive manufacturing of the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material deposition layer is completed.

[0067] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the magnetic field auxiliary system adopts a full-size constant magnetic field mechanism 4 or a follow-up alternating magnetic field mechanism 5, the full-size constant magnetic field mechanism 4 can generate a full-size constant magnetic field, and the follow-up alternating magnetic field mechanism 5 can generate a follow-up alternating magnetic field. In actual application, whether to select the full-size constant magnetic field mechanism 4 or the follow-up alternating magnetic field mechanism 5 can be flexibly selected according to the characteristics of the workpiece, the full-size constant magnetic field mechanism 4 does not need to follow up, and compared with the follow-up alternating magnetic field mechanism 5, the structure is simpler and the cost is lower, but for some special workpieces, the follow-up alternating magnetic field mechanism 5 can be configured to meet the needs of additive manufacturing of large-volume and large-thickness parts.

[0068] Specifically, the full-size constant magnetic field mechanism 4 is arranged on the first support 6, the first support 6 is fixed and does not move, the follow-up alternating magnetic field mechanism 5 is arranged on the second support 7, and the second support 7 can move synchronously along the Y axis direction with the laser wire feeding head 1.

[0069] Further, as shown in Figure 3 , Figure 5As shown, the full-size constant magnetic field mechanism 4 includes permanent magnets 8, a first water-cooling pipe 9, a first water-cooling pipe protective shell 10, a first water inlet 11, a first water outlet 12, and a heat insulation shell 13. The heat insulation shell 13 is disposed at the end of the first support 6 and is fitted over the first water-cooling pipe protective shell 10 with the permanent magnets 8 positioned between them. The first water-cooling pipe 9 is disposed inside the first water-cooling pipe protective shell 10. One end of the first water-cooling pipe 9 is the first water inlet 11, which connects to the water outlet pipe of the water chiller, and the other end of the first water-cooling pipe 9 is the first water outlet 12, which connects to the water inlet pipe of the water chiller. Multiple permanent magnets 8 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the protective shell 10. Preferably, the permanent magnets 8 are arranged in a Halbach array with an expanded external magnetic field, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, the follower alternating magnetic field mechanism 5 includes an iron core 14, a coil 15, a second water inlet 16, a second water outlet 17, and a heat insulation sleeve 18. The coil 15 is arranged around the circumference of the iron core 14. Heat insulation sleeves 18 are provided at both ends of the iron core 14. The iron core 14 is located at the end of the second support 7. A second water cooling pipe is provided inside the iron core 14. One end of the second water cooling pipe is connected to the second water inlet 16, and the other end of the second water cooling pipe is connected to the second water outlet 17.

[0071] In this embodiment, the heat insulation shell 13 and the heat insulation sleeve 18 are made of aerogel doped with ferrite nanoparticles; the first water cooling pipe 9 and the second water cooling pipe are made of materials with good thermal conductivity such as copper or aluminum.

[0072] In practical applications, temperature control valves and flow control devices are installed on the first water inlet 11 and the second water inlet 16 to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the cooling water.

[0073] This invention also provides a laser-driven agitated wire feeding additive manufacturing method for particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites. The method employs a coaxial wire feeding additive manufacturing process using particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite filaments and a laser. A laser heat source melts the aluminum alloy, forming a molten pool of aluminum matrix composite containing reinforcing particles. The Lorentz force of a magnetic field, combined with the agitation and oscillation of the filaments, ensures a uniform distribution of reinforcing particles within the molten pool. The method includes the following steps:

[0074] Step 1: Prepare particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite wire;

[0075] Step 2: Install substrate 2, and install the annular substrate 2 onto the rotating shaft 3;

[0076] Step 3: Adjust the relative position of the laser wire feed head 1 and the substrate 2 to ensure that the end of the wire 19 and the laser beam can be focused on the substrate 2;

[0077] Step four: adjust the relative position of the laser wire feeder head 1 and the magnetic field to ensure that the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite deposition layer generated by the laser wire feeding additive process is effectively affected by the magnetic field;

[0078] Step five: set the additive manufacturing parameters, set the laser power, the rotation speed of the rotation shaft 3, the laser scanning speed, the overlap rate, the wire feeding speed, the protective gas flow, the cooling water flow, the cooling water temperature, the laser lifting amount, the laser wire feeding stirring mode, the magnetic field parameters (full-size constant magnetic field does not need to be set, and the following parameters can be set for the following moving alternating magnetic field: rated current, rated voltage, power supply type and power, energizing time) and the like;

[0079] Step six: start the additive forming manufacturing program. Start the laser 20 to emit laser, and start the wire feeder after the laser 20 acts on the substrate 2 to generate a molten pool; start the magnetic field at the same time (the full-size constant magnetic field does not need to be started, and the moving alternating magnetic field needs to be started); the laser 20 and the laser wire feeder head 1 scan according to the path in the specified stirring mode, and the rotation shaft 3 is started at the same time, until the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite deposition layer additive is completed, the wire material 19 is retracted by ≤10mm, and then the laser 20 is turned off, for example, the wire material 19 is retracted by 5mm;

[0080] Step seven: start the next layer of additive manufacturing according to the foregoing operation until the structure is completely manufactured by additive manufacturing.

[0081] It should be noted that during the laser additive manufacturing of the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite, the laser heat source melts the aluminum alloy to form an aluminum matrix composite molten pool containing reinforcing particles, the molten pool cuts the magnetic induction line to flow to generate an induced potential, and the Seebeck coefficient and temperature difference between the reinforcing particles and the aluminum alloy of different materials generate a thermoelectric potential. Under the assistance of the magnetic field, the induced potential and the thermoelectric potential are affected by the Lorentz force to promote the flow of the molten pool, thereby effectively controlling the distribution state of the particles in the molten pool. In addition, the stirring and oscillation of the wire material avoid the sedimentation behavior of the reinforcing particles under the action of gravity, and the particles in the molten pool are dispersed under the stirring effect of the wire material, and then rapidly solidified to obtain a uniformly dispersed particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite deposition layer.

[0082] Further, the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite is not limited to a single material, and different proportions of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites can be selected for variable component structure additive manufacturing.

[0083] Further, the magnetic field adopts a full-size constant magnetic field or a moving alternating magnetic field. The laser wire feeding stirring mode is at least one of V-shaped, alternating V-shaped, S-shaped, spiral-shaped, N-shaped, and alternating crescent-shaped wire materials for stirring the molten pool.

[0084] Example 2:

[0085] The embodiment is a preferred example of the embodiment 1, and provides a laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing method of a particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0086] Step one: material preparation: 2219 aluminum alloy is selected as the matrix material, the reinforcing particles are SiC, the particle diameter is 10 microns, and the mass fraction of SiC is 5%, 12%, and 20% respectively.

[0087] Step two: mounting the substrate 2: a circular ring type substrate 2 with an outer diameter of 60 mm and an inner diameter of 40 mm is mounted on the rotating shaft 3.

[0088] Step three: adjusting the relative position of the laser wire feeding head 1 and the substrate 2: as shown in Figure 1 , it is ensured that the wire material 19, the substrate 2, and the laser 20 can converge at one point.

[0089] Step four: adjusting the relative position of the laser wire feeding head 1 and the magnetic field: it is ensured that the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material deposition layer generated in the laser wire feeding additive process is effectively affected by the full-size constant magnetic field.

[0090] Step five: setting the additive manufacturing parameters: the first layer of material is 2219 aluminum alloy reinforced with 5% mass fraction of SiC particles, the laser power is set to 5000 W, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is 20 r / min, the laser scanning speed is 1800 mm / min, the overlap rate is 60%, the wire feeding speed is 1 m / min, the protective gas flow is 12 L / min, the cooling water flow is 6 L / min, the cooling water temperature is 20℃, the laser lifting amount is 1 mm, and the laser wire feeding stirring mode is the alternating V-shaped stirring mode as shown in Figure 6 . The second layer of material is 2219 aluminum alloy reinforced with 12% mass fraction of SiC particles, the laser power is set to 4800 W, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is 20 r / min, the laser scanning speed is 1800 mm / min, the overlap rate is 60%, the wire feeding speed is 1 m / min, the protective gas flow is 12 L / min, the cooling water flow is 6 L / min, the cooling water temperature is 20℃, the laser lifting amount is 1 mm, and the laser wire feeding stirring mode is the alternating V-shaped stirring mode as shown in Figure 6 . The third layer of material is 2219 aluminum alloy reinforced with 20% mass fraction of SiC particles, the laser power is set to 4500 W, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is 20 r / min, the laser scanning speed is 1800 mm / min, the overlap rate is 60%, the wire feeding speed is 1 m / min, the protective gas flow is 12 L / min, the cooling water flow is 6 L / min, the cooling water temperature is 20℃, the laser lifting amount is 1 mm, and the laser wire feeding stirring mode is the alternating V-shaped stirring mode as shown in Figure 6 .

[0091] Step six: start the additive manufacturing program: start the laser 20 to emit laser, start the wire feeder after the laser 20 acts on the substrate 2 to generate a molten pool; the laser wire feeding head 1 scans according to the path in the selected stirring mode, and the synchronous start of the rotating shaft 3 is started until the additive deposition of the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite layer is completed.

[0092] Example 3:

[0093] This embodiment is another preferred example of example 1, which provides a particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:

[0094] Step one: material preparation: select 2A14 aluminum alloy as the matrix material, and the reinforcing particles are TiC with a particle diameter of 300 nanometers and a TiC mass fraction of 10% and 20%.

[0095] Step two: install the substrate 2: install the circular ring type substrate 2 with an outer diameter of 100 mm and an inner diameter of 60 mm on the rotating shaft 3.

[0096] Step three: adjust the relative position of the laser wire feeding head 1 and the substrate 2: ensure that the wire and the laser 20 can converge on the substrate 2.

[0097] Step four: adjust the relative position of the laser wire feeding head 1 and the magnetic field: ensure that the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite deposition layer generated during the laser wire feeding additive process is effectively affected by the follow-up alternating magnetic field.

[0098] Step five: set the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite laser stirring wire feeding additive manufacturing parameters: the first layer of material is 2A14 aluminum alloy reinforced with 10% TiC particles, the laser power is set to 4500W, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is 15r / min, the laser scanning speed is 1800mm / min, the overlap rate is 60%, the wire feeding speed is 1m / min, the protective gas flow is 12L / min, the cooling water flow is 6L / min, the cooling water temperature is 20℃, the laser lifting amount is 0.9mm, and the wire feeding stirring mode is the alternating crescent mode as shown in Figure 6 The second layer of material is 2A14 aluminum alloy reinforced with 20% TiC particles, the laser power is set to 4200W, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is 15r / min, the laser scanning speed is 1800mm / min, the overlap rate is 60%, the wire feeding speed is 1m / min, the protective gas flow is 12L / min, the cooling water flow is 6L / min, the cooling water temperature is 20℃, the laser lifting amount is 0.9mm, and the wire feeding stirring mode is the alternating crescent mode as shown in Figure 6 .

[0099] Step six: start the additive manufacturing program: start the laser piece to emit laser 20, after the laser 20 acts on the substrate 2 to generate a molten pool, start the wire feeder; the laser wire feeding head scans according to the path in the selected stirring mode, and the rotary shaft 3 and the magnetic field support are started synchronously until the additive deposition of the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite layer is completed.

[0100] The working principle of the present application is as follows:

[0101] Firstly, install the substrate 2, install the substrate 2 on the rotary shaft 3, adjust the relative position of the laser wire feeding head 1 and the substrate 2, ensure that the wire end and the laser beam can converge on the substrate 2, adjust the relative position of the laser wire feeding head 1 and the magnetic field, and ensure that the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite deposition layer generated in the laser wire feeding additive process is effectively affected by the magnetic field.

[0102] Secondly, after setting the additive manufacturing parameters, start the laser piece to emit laser 20, after the laser 20 acts on the substrate 2 to generate a molten pool, start the wire feeder; the laser 20, the laser wire feeding head 1 scans according to the path in the specified stirring mode, and the rotary shaft 3 is started synchronously until the additive deposition of the particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite layer is completed, and the wire is retracted after the laser 20 is closed.

[0103] Finally, the next layer of additive manufacturing is started according to the above operation until the additive manufacturing of the structure is completed.

[0104] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0105] The specific embodiments of the present application are described above. It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essential content of the present application. In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A laser-driven wire feeding additive manufacturing device for particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites, characterized in that, Includes a laser wire feed head (1), a substrate (2), a rotating shaft (3), a laser component, and a magnetic field-assisted system; The laser wire feed head (1) can move along the Y-axis and Z-axis. The substrate (2) is mounted on the rotary shaft (3) and can rotate around the Y-axis with the rotary shaft (3). A wire (19) is disposed on the laser wire feed head (1). The laser can emit laser (20). Adjusting the relative position of the laser wire feed head (1) and the substrate (2) can make the end of the wire (19) and the laser (20) converge on the substrate (2) to achieve additive manufacturing. During additive manufacturing, the laser component is activated to emit a laser (20). The laser (20) acts on the substrate (2) and generates a molten pool, after which the wire feeder is activated. The laser wire feeder (1) scans the path in the selected stirring mode, and the rotary shaft (3) is activated synchronously until the particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material deposition layer additive manufacturing is completed.

2. The laser-driven stirring and wire-feeding additive manufacturing apparatus for particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field-assisted system employs a full-size constant magnetic field or a follower alternating magnetic field.

3. The laser-driven stirring and wire-feeding additive manufacturing apparatus for particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field auxiliary system adopts a full-size constant magnetic field mechanism (4), which is configured on a first support (6) and the first support (6) is fixed.

4. The laser-driven wire feeding additive manufacturing apparatus for particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 3, characterized in that, The full-size constant magnetic field mechanism (4) includes a permanent magnet (8), a first water-cooling pipe (9), a first water-cooling pipe protective shell (10), a first water inlet (11), a first water outlet (12), and a heat-insulating shell (13); The heat insulation shell (13) is disposed at the end of the first bracket (6). The heat insulation shell (13) is fitted on the outside of the first water-cooling pipe protective shell (10) and the permanent magnet (8) is disposed between the two. The first water-cooling pipe (9) is disposed inside the first water-cooling pipe protective shell (10). One end of the first water-cooling pipe (9) is connected to the first water inlet (11) and the other end of the first water-cooling pipe (9) is connected to the first water outlet (12).

5. The laser-driven wire feeding additive manufacturing apparatus for particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 4, characterized in that, The permanent magnet (8) is arranged in a Halbach array with an expanded external magnetic field; The heat insulation shell (13) is made of aerogel doped with ferrite nanoparticles; The first water-cooling pipe (9) is made of copper or aluminum.

6. The laser-driven stirring and wire-feeding additive manufacturing apparatus for particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field auxiliary system adopts a follower alternating magnetic field mechanism (5), which is configured on the second support (7). The second support (7) can move synchronously with the laser wire feed head (1) along the Y-axis.

7. The laser-driven wire feeding additive manufacturing apparatus for particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 6, characterized in that, The following alternating magnetic field mechanism (5) includes an iron core (14), a coil (15), a second water inlet (16), a second water outlet (17), and a heat insulation sleeve (18); The coil (15) is arranged around the circumference of the iron core (14). Both ends of the iron core (14) are provided with heat insulation sleeves (18). The iron core (14) is located at the end of the second bracket (7). A second water cooling pipe is provided inside the iron core (14). One end of the second water cooling pipe is connected to the second water inlet (16), and the other end of the second water cooling pipe is connected to the second water outlet (17).

8. The laser-driven wire feeding additive manufacturing apparatus for particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heat insulation sleeve (18) is made of aerogel doped with ferrite nanoparticles; The second water-cooling pipe is made of copper or aluminum.

9. A method for additive manufacturing of particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites using laser stirring and wire feeding, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite wire; Step 2: Install the substrate (2) and install the substrate (2) onto the rotating shaft (3); Step 3: Adjust the relative position of the laser wire feeder (1) and the substrate (2) to ensure that the end of the wire and the laser (20) can be focused on the substrate (2); Step 4: Adjust the relative position of the laser wire feed head (1) and the magnetic field to ensure that the particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material deposited during the laser wire feeding additive process is effectively affected by the magnetic field; Step 5: Set additive manufacturing parameters; Step 6: Start the laser component to emit laser (20). After the laser (20) acts on the substrate (2) to generate a molten pool, start the wire feeder. The laser (20) and the laser wire feeder head scan according to the path in the specified stirring mode. At the same time, the rotary shaft (3) starts synchronously until the particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material deposition layer of this layer is completed. After the wire is pulled back, the laser (20) is turned off. Step 7: Follow the above steps to begin the next layer of additive manufacturing until the additive manufacturing of the structural component is completed.

10. The laser-stirred wire feeding additive manufacturing method for particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 9, characterized in that, The particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is used as a single material or by selecting different proportions of particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials for additive manufacturing of variable composition structures. The magnetic field is either a full-size constant magnetic field or a follower alternating magnetic field; The laser wire feeding and stirring mode is that the wire stirs the molten pool in at least one of the following patterns: V-shape, alternating V-shape, S-shape, spiral, N-shape, and alternating crescent shape.

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