Self-adaptive unfolding sled type landing gear and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft ground taxiing, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive unfolding type sleigh type landing gear and a working method thereof.When the device is used, the snow depth is detected through a snow depth detector, whether the snow depth exceeds a set value or not is judged through a control system of an aircraft, and when the snow depth does not exceed the set value, the aircraft is started; when the snow depth exceeds a set value, the extension front sledge plate mechanism and the extension rear sledge plate mechanism do not act, and when the snow depth exceeds the set value, the extension front sledge plate mechanism and the extension rear sledge plate mechanism are unfolded; the extension front sledge plate mechanism and the extension rear sledge plate mechanism are unfolded so that the stress area of the main sledge plate can be increased, resistance borne by the main sledge plate can be reduced, meanwhile, whether the extension front sledge plate mechanism and the extension rear sledge plate mechanism need to be unfolded or not can be judged according to the snow depth, and therefore the self-adaption effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aircraft ground taxiing technology, and particularly relates to an adaptive deployable sled-type take-off and landing device and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] In the aviation field, skid-mounted aircraft have certain advantages when landing on special terrains such as snow due to their special structure. However, these aircraft face many challenging problems when landing on snow, as snow depth has a significant impact on skid gliding.

[0003] When aircraft land on snow, snow depth is complex, variable, and difficult to predict accurately. If the snow depth exceeds a certain range, the skids of a skid-type landing gear can easily become deeply embedded in the snow. As the snow depth increases, the drag exerted by the snow on the skids increases dramatically. On the one hand, excessive drag requires the aircraft to consume a large amount of extra power to taxi on snow, potentially leading to insufficient power and an inability to taxi smoothly to the designated position, severely impacting subsequent operational procedures. On the other hand, skids deeply embedded in snow can disrupt the aircraft's balance and attitude, significantly increasing the risk of accidents such as rollovers.

[0004] Currently, existing technologies for addressing this problem are not very effective. Some solutions attempt to change the material of the skids to reduce snow adhesion, but in deep snow environments, this improvement has limited effect on reducing drag. Other solutions focus on optimizing the skid shape to reduce drag by changing the way the skids contact the snow, but these fail to fundamentally solve the problem of the enormous drag faced by the skids in very deep snow. In addition, some methods consider pre-treating the snow before aircraft landing, such as removing snow or laying special materials, but this approach is costly, difficult to implement in practice, and limited by various factors such as weather and location, making it difficult to widely apply in complex snowy environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive deployable sled-type landing device and its operating method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] An adaptive deployable sled-type landing gear includes a sled-type landing gear, the top of which is connected to an aircraft. A main skid is connected to the bottom of the sled-type landing gear. An extended front skid mechanism and an extended rear skid mechanism are provided on the top surface of the main skid. A snow depth sensor is embedded on the bottom surface of the main skid. The snow depth sensor is signal-connected to the control system of the aircraft. The extended front skid mechanism and the extended rear skid mechanism are signal-connected to the control system of the aircraft.

[0008] In the adaptive deployable sled-type lifting and lowering device of the present invention, the extended front sled mechanism includes a front sled, the front sled is slidably fitted on the top surface of the main sled, the front sled is close to the front end of the main sled, an actuating cylinder locking mechanism is provided between the front sled and the main sled, and the front sled is drivenly connected to an elastic component, the elastic component being disposed on the top surface of the main sled.

[0009] In the adaptive deployable sled-type lifting and lowering device of the present invention, the extended rear skid mechanism includes a rear skid, which is slidably fitted on the top surface of the main skid. The rear skid is close to the rear end of the main skid. Another actuating cylinder locking mechanism is provided between the rear skid and the main skid. The rear skid is drive-connected to the elastic component.

[0010] In the adaptive deployable sled-type lifting and lowering device of the present invention, the elastic component includes a spring base fixed to the top surface of the main sled, two springs fixed to the spring base, the two springs being located on opposite sides of the spring base and coaxially arranged, and a section of the spring away from the spring base being fixed to the front sled or the rear sled.

[0011] In the adaptive deployment sled-type landing device of the present invention, the actuator locking mechanism includes an actuator base fixed to the top surface of the main skid, the actuator base being located on one side of the rear skid or the front skid, a cylinder being fixed to the actuator base, the cylinder being signal-connected to the control system of the aircraft, and a locking actuator rod being fixed to the output end of the cylinder, the locking actuator rod being detachably connected to a limiting hole opened on the side wall of the front skid or the rear skid.

[0012] In the adaptive deployable sled-type lifting and lowering device of the present invention, a limiting component is provided between the front sled and the rear sled and the main sled. The limiting component includes a limiting groove formed on the top surface of the main sled, and a limiting block is vertically slidably connected in the limiting groove. The limiting block does not disengage from the limiting groove. A spring is fixed between the bottom wall of the limiting groove and the bottom surface of the limiting block. When the rear sled or the front sled is in a retracted state, the limiting block abuts against the bottom surface of the rear sled or the front sled. When the rear sled or the front sled is in an extended state, the limiting block abuts against one end of the rear sled or the front sled located on the top surface of the main sled.

[0013] In the adaptive deployable sled-type lifting and lowering device of the present invention, a front guard plate and a rear guard plate are fixedly connected to the top surface of the main skid plate. The rear guard plate and the front guard plate are respectively located at the rear end and the front end of the main skid plate. The rear guard plate is adapted to the rear skid plate and is located outside the rear skid plate and in sliding contact with the rear skid plate. The front guard plate is adapted to the front skid plate and is located outside the front skid plate and in sliding contact with the front skid plate.

[0014] In the adaptive deployable sled-type lifting and lowering device of the present invention, two sliding grooves are provided on the top surface of the main sled, the two sliding grooves are respectively located on opposite sides of the main sled, the sliding grooves are arranged along the length direction of the main sled, and the front sled and the rear sled are slidably connected in the two sliding grooves.

[0015] In the adaptive deployment sled-type landing device of the present invention, the sled-type landing gear includes a landing gear outer cylinder, the landing gear outer cylinder is connected to the aircraft, a landing gear piston rod is vertically slidably connected inside the landing gear outer cylinder, a buffer is provided between the landing gear outer cylinder and the landing gear piston rod, and the bottom end of the landing gear piston rod extends out of the landing gear outer cylinder and is connected to the main skid.

[0016] A method for operating an adaptive deployable sled-type landing device, used in the aforementioned adaptive deployable sled-type landing device, comprises the following steps: snow depth is detected by a snow depth detector, and the control system of the aircraft determines whether the snow depth exceeds a set value. When the snow depth does not exceed the set value, the extension front sled mechanism and the extension rear sled mechanism do not operate. When the snow depth exceeds the set value, the extension front sled mechanism and the extension rear sled mechanism deploy.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0018] When the device of the present invention is in use, it detects the snow depth by means of a snow depth detector and determines whether the snow depth exceeds a set value by means of the control system of the aircraft. When the snow depth does not exceed the set value, the extension front skid mechanism and the extension rear skid mechanism do not move. When the snow depth exceeds the set value, the extension front skid mechanism and the extension rear skid mechanism are deployed.

[0019] The extension of the front and rear skid mechanisms of the present invention can increase the force-bearing area of ​​the main skid and reduce the resistance of the main skid. At the same time, it can determine whether the extension of the front and rear skid mechanisms needs to be deployed based on the snow depth, thereby achieving an adaptive effect. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the invention with the aircraft;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a first-view view of the invention in its stored state;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a top view of the invention in its stowed state;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a second-view view of the invention in its stored state;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a first-view view of the invention in its unfolded state;

[0026] Figure 6 This is the front view of the invention in its unfolded state;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a top view of the invention in its unfolded state;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component retracting in this invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component extending in this invention;

[0030] Among them, 1. Aircraft; 2. Skid-type landing gear; 3. Lug; 4. Landing gear outer cylinder; 5. Upper torsion arm; 6. Lower torsion arm; 7. Torsion arm pivot; 8. Landing gear piston rod; 9. Universal joint; 10. Universal joint transverse axis; 11. Main skid; 12. Actuator locking mechanism; 13. Actuator base; 14. Cylinder; 15. Locking actuator rod; 16. Extended front skid mechanism; 17. Front skid; 18. Spring; 19. Spring base; 20. Extended rear skid mechanism; 21. Rear skid; 22. Snow depth sensor; 23. Slide; 24. Front skid; 25. Rear skid; 26. Limiting block. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 9 This invention discloses an adaptive deployable sled-type landing device, including a sled-type landing gear 2. The top of the sled-type landing gear 2 is connected to an aircraft 1, and the bottom of the sled-type landing gear 2 is connected to a main skid 11. An extension front skid mechanism 16 and an extension rear skid mechanism 20 are provided on the top surface of the main skid 11. A snow depth detector 22 is embedded on the bottom surface of the main skid 11. The snow depth detector 22 is connected to the control system of the aircraft 1. The extension front skid mechanism 16 and the extension rear skid mechanism 20 are connected to the control system of the aircraft 1.

[0034] When the device of the present invention is in use, the snow depth is detected by the snow depth detector 22 and the control system of the aircraft 1 determines whether the snow depth exceeds the set value. When the snow depth does not exceed the set value, the front extension skid mechanism 16 and the rear extension skid mechanism 20 do not move. When the snow depth exceeds the set value, the front extension skid mechanism 16 and the rear extension skid mechanism 20 are deployed.

[0035] The extension of the front skid mechanism 16 and the extension of the rear skid mechanism 20 of the present invention can increase the force-bearing area of ​​the main skid 11 and reduce the resistance of the main skid 11. At the same time, it can determine whether the extension of the front skid mechanism 16 and the extension of the rear skid mechanism 20 needs to be extended according to the snow depth, thereby achieving an adaptive effect.

[0036] Snow depth detector 22 is an ultrasonic detector.

[0037] In one alternative embodiment, the extended front skid mechanism 16 includes a front skid 17, which is slidably fitted on the top surface of the main skid 11. The front skid 17 is close to the front end of the main skid 11. An actuator locking mechanism 12 is provided between the front skid 17 and the main skid 11. The front skid 17 is drivenly connected to an elastic component, which is disposed on the top surface of the main skid 11.

[0038] In one alternative embodiment, the extended rear skid mechanism 20 includes a rear skid 21, which is slidably fitted on the top surface of the main skid 11. The rear skid 21 is located near the rear end of the main skid 11. Another actuating cylinder locking mechanism 12 is provided between the rear skid 21 and the main skid 11. The rear skid 21 is connected to the elastic component in a transmission manner.

[0039] In one alternative embodiment, the elastic component includes a spring base 19 fixed to the top surface of the main skid 11, with two springs 18 fixed to the spring base 19. The two springs 18 are located on opposite sides of the spring base 19 and are coaxially arranged. One end of the spring 18 away from the spring base 19 is fixed to the front skid 17 or the rear skid 21.

[0040] When the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 are in the retracted state, the spring 18 is in the compressed state and applies a thrust to the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21. The actuator locking mechanism 12 is used to lock the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 to prevent the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 from unfolding and affecting the normal flight of the aircraft 1.

[0041] The mating surfaces of the front skid 17, the rear skid 21, and the main skid 11 are mirror-polished and coated with a solid lubricant coating to maintain a low coefficient of friction and high wear resistance.

[0042] In one alternative embodiment, the actuator locking mechanism 12 includes an actuator base 13 fixedly attached to the top surface of the main skid 11. The actuator base 13 is located on one side of the rear skid 21 or the front skid 17. A cylinder 14 is fixedly attached to the actuator base 13. The cylinder 14 is connected to the control system of the aircraft 1 via a signal. A locking actuator rod 15 is fixedly attached to the output end of the cylinder 14. The locking actuator rod 15 is detachably connected to a limiting hole opened on the side wall of the front skid 17 or the rear skid 21.

[0043] Four actuator locking mechanisms 12 are provided, two of which are corresponding to the front skid 17 and the other two are corresponding to the rear skid 21. The four actuator locking mechanisms 12 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the main skid 11. The cylinder 14 is an electric telescopic cylinder. In the initial state, the cylinder 14 is extended and the locking actuator rod 15 passes through the limiting hole to prevent the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 from unfolding. When the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 need to be unfolded, the cylinder 14 is shortened, the locking actuator rod 15 is disengaged from the limiting hole, and the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 unfold.

[0044] In one alternative embodiment, a limiting component is provided between the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 and the main skid 11. The limiting component includes a limiting groove formed on the top surface of the main skid 11, and a limiting block 26 is vertically slidably connected in the limiting groove. The limiting block 26 does not disengage from the limiting groove. A spring 18 is fixed between the bottom wall of the limiting groove and the bottom surface of the limiting block 26. When the rear skid 21 or the front skid 17 is in the retracted state, the limiting block 26 abuts against the bottom surface of the rear skid 21 or the front skid 17. When the rear skid 21 or the front skid 17 is in the extended state, the limiting block 26 abuts against one end of the rear skid 21 or the front skid 17 located on the top surface of the main skid 11.

[0045] In one alternative embodiment, a front guard plate 24 and a rear guard plate 25 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the main skid plate 11. The rear guard plate 25 and the front guard plate 24 are located at the rear end and the front end of the main skid plate 11, respectively. The rear guard plate 25 is adapted to the rear skid plate 21, and the rear guard plate 25 is located outside the rear skid plate 21 and slides in contact with the rear skid plate 21. The front guard plate 24 is adapted to the front skid plate 17, and the front guard plate 24 is located outside the front skid plate 17 and slides in contact with the front skid plate 17.

[0046] In one alternative, two sliding grooves 23 are provided on the top surface of the main skid 11. The two sliding grooves 23 are located on opposite sides of the main skid 11 and are arranged along the length of the main skid 11. The front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 are slidably connected in the two sliding grooves 23.

[0047] The front guard plate 24 and the rear guard plate 25 respectively restrict the vertical movement of the front skid plate 17 and the rear skid plate 21. The sliding groove 23 allows the front guard plate 24 and the rear guard plate 25 to slide only along the sliding groove 23. When the front guard plate 24 and the rear guard plate 25 open under the pushing force of the spring 18, the front guard plate 24 and the rear guard plate 25 are stretched to their natural state by the spring 18. Under the action of inertial force, the front guard plate 24 and the rear guard plate 25 stretch the spring 18. At this time, the other spring 18 pushes the limiting block 26 out of the limiting groove and abuts against one end of the front skid plate 17 and the rear skid plate 21 located on the top surface of the main skid plate 11, thereby forming a limit on the front skid plate 17 and the rear skid plate 21.

[0048] In one alternative embodiment, the skid-type landing gear 2 includes a landing gear outer cylinder 4, which is connected to the aircraft 1. A landing gear piston rod 8 is vertically slidably connected inside the landing gear outer cylinder 4. A buffer is provided between the landing gear outer cylinder 4 and the landing gear piston rod 8. The bottom end of the landing gear piston rod 8 extends out of the landing gear outer cylinder 4 and is connected to the main skid 11.

[0049] When the aircraft 1 lands, the main skid 11 comes into contact with the snow. The main skid 11 transmits the impact force to the landing gear piston rod 8 through the universal joint horizontal shaft 10 and the universal joint 9. The buffer bears the impact load transmitted by the landing gear piston rod 8 and effectively reduces the shock of the aircraft 1.

[0050] In one alternative, two lugs 3 are fixed to the top of the outer cylinder 4 of the landing gear. The two lugs 3 are coaxially arranged, and the axis of the lugs 3 is parallel to the length direction of the main skid 11. The lugs 3 are hinged to the aircraft 1. This arrangement enables the skid-type landing gear to provide forward stability while having a certain lateral displacement capability, so as to fully match the takeoff and landing requirements of the aircraft 1.

[0051] An upper torsion arm 5 is hinged to the side wall of the landing gear outer cylinder 4, and a lower torsion arm 6 is hinged to the outer side wall of the landing gear piston rod 8. The upper torsion arm 5 and the lower torsion arm 6 are hinged together by a torsion arm pivot 7 to form an anti-torsion truss structure, which can transmit horizontal force and torque at the same time, protect the landing gear piston rod 8 from lateral overload, and constrain its movement trajectory, thereby significantly improving the stability of the taxiing.

[0052] The landing gear piston rod 8 is connected to a universal joint horizontal shaft 10 via a universal joint 9. The universal joint horizontal shaft 10 is perpendicular to the length direction of the main skid 11. The universal joint horizontal shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the main skid 11, and the universal joint horizontal shaft 10 is located at the middle of the length direction of the main skid 11.

[0053] An operating method for an adaptive deployable sled-type landing device, the steps of which are as follows: the thickness of the snow layer is detected by a snow depth detector 22, and the control system of the aircraft 1 determines whether the snow layer thickness exceeds a set value. When the snow layer thickness does not exceed the set value, the front extension sled mechanism 16 and the rear extension sled mechanism 20 do not move. When the snow layer thickness exceeds the set value, the front extension sled mechanism 16 and the rear extension sled mechanism 20 deploy.

[0054] Specific work process:

[0055] When the aircraft 1 lands, the snow depth detector 22 detects the snow depth and continuously measures the snow depth at a frequency of 1 time / second to ensure that the real-time data is accurately transmitted to the control system of the aircraft 1. If the snow depth detector 22 continuously monitors and confirms that the snow depth is always lower than the preset threshold, the actuator locking mechanism 12 remains locked and the locking actuator rod 15 is always inserted into the limiting holes of the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 to form a reliable mechanical lock.

[0056] When the snow depth detector 22 detects that the snow layer thickness exceeds the set threshold, the control system of the aircraft 1 receives its signal. After calculation by the embedded microprocessor and comparison with the threshold, the command output module sends a synchronous retraction command to the actuator locking mechanism 12 located on the left and right sides of the main skid 11. The locking actuator 15 retracts instantaneously, releasing the mechanical lock on the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21. Subsequently, driven by the elastic potential energy of the spring 18, the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 slide outward at high speed along the slide groove 23 to the design limit position. After the movement is in place, the two limit blocks 26, which were originally compressed and hidden in the main skid 11, are rapidly lifted under the restoring force of the spring 18 due to the sudden reduction of load. Their heads protrude from the upper surface of the main skid 11 at a set height, while their roots remain in the mounting groove. Because the limiting groove and the limiting block 26 are precisely fitted with a clearance, the lateral and forward degrees of freedom of the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 are completely constrained. As a result, the front skid 17 and the rear skid 21 together with the main skid 11 form an extended bearing surface, which significantly increases the ground contact area of ​​the skid-type lifting device, disperses the pressure of the whole machine on the snow surface, reduces sinking resistance, and improves skiing efficiency.

[0057] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0058] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive deployable sled-type landing device, characterized in that, The system includes a skid-type landing gear (2), the top of which is connected to the aircraft (1). The bottom of the skid-type landing gear (2) is connected to a main skid (11). An extension front skid mechanism (16) and an extension rear skid mechanism (20) are provided on the top surface of the main skid (11). A snow depth detector (22) is embedded on the bottom surface of the main skid (11). The snow depth detector (22) is connected to the control system of the aircraft (1). The extension front skid mechanism (16) and the extension rear skid mechanism (20) are connected to the control system of the aircraft (1).

2. The adaptive deployable sled-type landing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extended front skid mechanism (16) includes a front skid (17), which is slidably fitted on the top surface of the main skid (11). The front skid (17) is close to the front end of the main skid (11). An actuating cylinder locking mechanism (12) is provided between the front skid (17) and the main skid (11). The front skid (17) is drivenly connected to an elastic component, which is disposed on the top surface of the main skid (11).

3. The adaptive deployable sled-type landing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The extended rear skid mechanism (20) includes a rear skid (21), which is slidably fitted on the top surface of the main skid (11). The rear skid (21) is close to the rear end of the main skid (11). Another actuator locking mechanism (12) is provided between the rear skid (21) and the main skid (11). The rear skid (21) is connected to the elastic component in a transmission manner.

4. The adaptive deployable sled-type landing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic component includes a spring base (19) fixed to the top surface of the main skid (11), and two springs (18) are fixed to the spring base (19). The two springs (18) are located on opposite sides of the spring base (19) and are coaxially arranged. One end of the spring (18) away from the spring base (19) is fixed to the front skid (17) or the rear skid (21).

5. The adaptive deployable sled-type landing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The actuator locking mechanism (12) includes an actuator base (13) fixed to the top surface of the main skid (11). The actuator base (13) is located on one side of the rear skid (21) or the front skid (17). A cylinder (14) is fixed to the actuator base (13). The cylinder (14) is connected to the control system of the aircraft (1) via a signal. A locking actuator rod (15) is fixed to the output end of the cylinder (14). The locking actuator rod (15) is detachably connected to a limiting hole opened on the side wall of the front skid (17) or the rear skid (21).

6. The adaptive deployable sled-type landing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Limiting components are provided between the front skid (17) and the rear skid (21) and the main skid (11). The limiting components include a limiting groove formed on the top surface of the main skid (11). A limiting block (26) is vertically slidably connected in the limiting groove. The limiting block (26) does not come out of the limiting groove. A spring (18) is fixed between the bottom wall of the limiting groove and the bottom surface of the limiting block (26). When the rear skid (21) or the front skid (17) is in a retracted state, the limiting block (26) abuts against the bottom surface of the rear skid (21) or the front skid (17). When the rear skid (21) or the front skid (17) is in an extended state, the limiting block (26) abuts against one end of the rear skid (21) or the front skid (17) located on the top surface of the main skid (11).

7. The adaptive deployable sled-type landing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A front guard plate (24) and a rear guard plate (25) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the main skid plate (11). The rear guard plate (25) and the front guard plate (24) are located at the rear end and the front end of the main skid plate (11), respectively. The rear guard plate (25) is adapted to the rear skid plate (21). The rear guard plate (25) is located outside the rear skid plate (21) and slides in contact with the rear skid plate (21). The front guard plate (24) is adapted to the front skid plate (17). The front guard plate (24) is located outside the front skid plate (17) and slides in contact with the front skid plate (17).

8. The adaptive deployable sled-type landing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two sliding grooves (23) are provided on the top surface of the main skid (11). The two sliding grooves (23) are located on opposite sides of the main skid (11). The sliding grooves (23) are arranged along the length direction of the main skid (11). The front skid (17) and the rear skid (21) are slidably connected in the two sliding grooves (23).

9. The adaptive deployable sled-type landing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skid-type landing gear (2) includes a landing gear outer cylinder (4), which is connected to the aircraft (1). A landing gear piston rod (8) is vertically slidably connected inside the landing gear outer cylinder (4). A buffer is provided between the landing gear outer cylinder (4) and the landing gear piston rod (8). The bottom end of the landing gear piston rod (8) extends out of the landing gear outer cylinder (4) and is connected to the main skid (11).

10. A method for operating an adaptive deployable sled-type landing device, used in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: the snow depth is detected by the snow depth detector (22), and the control system of the aircraft (1) determines whether the snow depth exceeds the set value. When the snow depth does not exceed the set value, the extension front skid mechanism (16) and the extension rear skid mechanism (20) do not move. When the snow depth exceeds the set value, the extension front skid mechanism (16) and the extension rear skid mechanism (20) are deployed.

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