Method for manufacturing leaf cup based on microwave radiation carbonization treatment of leaves

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of functional ceramic manufacturing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a leaf cup based on microwave radiation carbonization treatment of leaves. According to the method for carbonizing the decorative wood leaves based on microwave radiation, on the basis of a traditional wood leaf drying treatment method, microwave treatment is innovatively used for treating the wood leaves till carbonization, and the treatment mode is optimized based on electromagnetic loss of polar molecules of different wood leaves. According to the method, by accurately controlling conditions such as microwave resonant cavity atmosphere and microwave frequency curve, pyrolysis of the decorative wood leaf cellulose is treated until the carbonization degree and hardness of a leaf body are moderate. According to the decorative wood leaves treated through the method, clear vein textures can be more easily fired in the firing process of the wood leaf cup, the aesthetic characteristic is achieved, the process cost can be saved, and the firing yield is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of functional ceramics and art ceramics production, and relates to a method for making leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization treatment of wood leaves. Background Technology

[0002] The creation of the Wood Leaf Cup is a fusion of nature and ancient wisdom, with a firing history of over 1200 years. Black-glazed porcelain was the most representative of its time. The Wood Leaf Cup is made by attaching natural leaves to the surface of a glazed ceramic body and firing it at high temperatures. Generally, one leaf is attached to the center of the cup, but it can also be attached to the wall, rim, or two leaves overlapping. The leaves and glaze undergo complex crystalline changes at high temperatures, resulting in color and clearly displaying the veins of the leaves on the porcelain. This near-natural decoration, with its clearly defined and vivid veins, possesses extremely high artistic and economic value.

[0003] The coloring effect of wood leaves on porcelain is subject to strict requirements regarding glazing, firing temperature, and other techniques. Traditional wood-leaf teacups mostly use mulberry leaves for glaze decoration, with some using bodhi leaves or maple leaves. Due to differences in origin, variety, and growing environment, the texture of the leaves themselves varies and is uncertain. This results in differences in composition between the veins and stems of the leaves on the fired porcelain. If the leaf stems are not fully melted, they are prone to appearing uneven and rough. Furthermore, the pre-firing treatment of the decorative wood leaves for traditional wood-leaf teacups is simple, generally involving washing, dehydration, and flattening. However, the processing cycle is long, and the firing process is difficult to control. Additionally, the high curling rate of the leaves leads to a very low firing success rate, making it difficult to predict the yield.

[0004] With the development of modern technology, people have attempted to use wood leaves of different shapes to make leaf-shaped teacups. However, each wood leaf is unique, and different types of wood leaves have different effects on the firing results. To clearly display the vein patterns of the wood leaves, it is necessary to consider factors such as the complex crystalline changes of the leaf material and the glaze. The applicant of this invention conducted numerous experiments on controlling the composition of the leaf material during the firing process and found that reducing the number of hydroxyl groups in the leaf mesophyll reduces the probability of leaf breakage during the reaction with the glaze. This helps to solve the problems of unclear or even non-existent vein patterns and high randomness in leaf-shaped teacups made from ordinary wood leaves.

[0005] Microwave heating is a heating method that relies on an object absorbing microwave energy and converting it into heat energy, causing the entire object to heat up simultaneously. As liquid molecules in a substance continuously absorb heat, the distance between them increases, eventually causing the molecules to escape from the liquid surface and become gaseous. Microwaves have electromagnetic wave frequencies between 300 MHz and 300 GHz, with wavelengths between 1 m and 1 mm. Because the alternating electric field generated by microwaves changes direction at a high speed of hundreds of millions of times per second, dipole polarization cannot keep up with the alternating electric field and lags behind, resulting in power consumption within the substance. Some microwave energy is converted into heat energy, thus raising the temperature of the substance and accelerating molecular reactions. Unlike conventional heating methods that work from the surface inwards, microwave heating features simultaneous internal and external heating, selective heating, non-contact heating, rapid heating rate, high heating efficiency, and ease of control.

[0006] Based on existing feasible technologies for preparing wooden leaf cups, this invention further provides a method for treating wooden leaves by microwave radiation carbonization. The decorative wooden leaves treated by this method can more easily leave clear leaf patterns on a specific glaze. While ensuring the usability and integrity of the cup body, it further improves the integrity of the fired wooden leaves, enhances the ornamental value, increases the yield, and reduces costs to a certain extent. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for making wooden leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization treatment of wooden leaves. The decorative wooden leaves treated by this method can more easily leave clear leaf patterns on the body and glaze, while ensuring the use value and integrity of the cup body, improving the integrity of the fired wooden leaves, enhancing the ornamental value and increasing the yield.

[0008] This invention achieves the above objective by employing a method for producing leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization treatment of wood leaves. The steps of the method include: S1. Material selection: Select fresh, intact leaves with good natural shape, wash them, and drain the water; S2. Arrangement and clamping: A sandwich layer is formed between two overlapping clamping layers. A single layer of wood leaves is laid flat in the sandwich layer to obtain a board layer with wood leaves sandwiched in it. S3. Dehydration: The leaf plate is placed stably in a microwave radiation device. The microwave heating unit is activated in an oxidizing atmosphere, and the rotating tray is started. The microwave frequency is 2450 MHz, the wavelength is 0.12~0.2m, and the power is 700W~850W to carry out dehydration. During this process, the water in the leaves will rapidly vaporize under microwave heating, generating high-pressure steam. This steam will form bubbles inside the leaves, breaking through the cell walls of the leaves, causing changes in the microstructure of the leaves, making them more loose and porous, thereby reducing their density and revealing the veins. S4. Carbonization: Keeping the microwave frequency constant, adjust the wavelength of the microwave radiation device to 0.2~0.25m and the power to 850W~1000W to carry out carbonization. During this process, the microwave energy intensifies the molecular motion of the leaf, breaks weaker chemical bonds such as hydrogen bonds, and some covalent bonds also break at high temperatures. Volatile components in the organic matter are removed, leaving solid residues mainly composed of carbon. The reaction can be simplified as follows: Lignin → Cx (coke) + CO + CO2 + CH4 + H2; Cellulose → Tar + CO + CO2 + CH4 + H2 + Cx (coke). S5. Removal and airing: 1-2 minutes after carbonization is complete, remove the wood leaves and air them for 2 minutes. If the leaves are dark in color, the veins are obvious, and they have a certain degree of hardness, they can be stored in a specimen bag and sealed for later use. S6. Glazing: After the base glaze is prepared according to the ratio, spray the base glaze slurry evenly onto the surface of the body. S7. Decorative Wood Leaves: Place the prepared wood leaves on the surface of the glazed body and store the body in a dry place to dry naturally. The specific drying time depends on the weather conditions: 6-12 hours on rainy days and 2-3 hours on sunny days. S8. Kiln firing.

[0009] Preferably, the leaves mentioned in step S1 are Bodhi leaves, mulberry leaves, crape myrtle, maple, trident maple, sweet maple, banyan, pomelo leaves, Fujian cypress, walnut leaves, maidenhair fern, palm-leaved raspberry leaves, beech leaves, elm leaves, paper mulberry, hops, fig leaves, poplar leaves, ginkgo leaves, Bauhinia, frangipani, quince leaves, sea mango, or oblique-leaved banyan.

[0010] Preferably, the clamping plate in step S2 is an unglazed ceramic plate with a thickness of 0.5cm to 0.8cm; the unglazed ceramic plate has a dielectric constant of 8 at a frequency of 1 MHz and a dielectric loss coefficient of 5 × 10^6 at a frequency of 9 GHz. -3 The coefficient of linear expansion below 450℃ is 2.5 × 10^ -6 It has a uniform pore structure.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2, the clamping plates and wood leaves are stacked alternately until the plate layer includes 4 or 5 clamping layers.

[0012] Preferably, the microwave radiation device in step S3 has controllable power parameters, wavelength parameters, and time parameters, and the dehydration time is 4 to 5 minutes.

[0013] Preferably, the rotational speed of the rotating tray in step S3 is 8 RPM.

[0014] Preferably, the rotating tray speed of the microwave radiation device in step S4 is 5~6 RPM; the carbonization time is ≤3 minutes.

[0015] Preferably, the specimen bag in step S5 is a sealed bag made of PET or OPA material with a thickness specification of ≥0.05 filaments.

[0016] Preferably, in step S6, the glaze used for glazing comprises the following components: K2O 5-7%, Na2O 1-3%, CaO 4%, diatomaceous earth 2-4%, Al2O3 14-16%, Fe2O3 5-7%, SiO2 60-65%, P2O5 0.1-0.5%, TiO2 0.5-1.5%, MnO2 0.05-0.15%; or, the glaze used for glazing comprises the following components: potassium feldspar 35-55%, calcium carbonate 9-11%, kaolin 5-7%, quartz 10-16%, red iron powder 4-9%, zinc oxide 1-3%, and sodium feldspar 10-20%.

[0017] Preferably, in step S6, the thickness of the fired glaze layer is 0.9-1.5 mm.

[0018] Preferably, in step S8, the firing temperature of the kiln is controlled at 1220-1240℃.

[0019] Preferably, in step S8, the kiln is an electric kiln or a gas kiln.

[0020] Firing using an electric kiln: The operation steps are simple and convenient, and the firing atmosphere is stable and oxidizing. Preferably, the optimal electric kiln firing temperature for the preparation method of this invention is 1230℃. Taking 1230℃ as an example, the electric kiln heating curve is as follows... Figure 1 .

[0021] Preferably, a gas kiln is used for firing, and the specific operating steps are as follows: a. Preheat the gasifier in advance; b. Free water discharge stage: The temperature is controlled to increase by 3-6℃ per minute; when it reaches 200℃, add 2 more nozzles; when it reaches 400℃, add 2 more nozzles and maintain an increase of 4-5℃ per minute. c. Draining structural water stage: After the free water is drained at 550℃, add the nozzle and adjust the full blue flame by opening the air damper; d. Heat preservation stage: After the 102 temperature cone is tilted, the heat preservation stage begins. The regulating gate is closed, and the heating rate is maintained at 1°C every 5-6 minutes by reducing the pressure. The heat preservation is carried out for 30-40 minutes to make the atmosphere in the kiln uniform. e. Heating stage: With the gate fully closed, adjust the blue bottom flame through the air valve to maintain an increase of 2°C every 1 minute; f. At 1100℃, fluctuations in the composition of high-temperature gas inside the furnace are likely to occur. Attention must be paid to temperature control, and the air distribution plate at the bottom of the furnace should be adjusted in real time to ensure normal fluidization. When the temperature is evenly raised to 1240℃, the firing should be stopped and the gas cylinder valve should be closed. g. Allow to cool naturally to room temperature.

[0022] The method for making wood leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization treatment provided by this invention has beneficial effects including but not limited to: (1) The decorative wood leaves have a moderate hydroxyl group content, and the reaction with specific glazes is stable during the firing process, resulting in clear leaf veins and bright, glossy colors; (2) After high-temperature firing, the cups have low carbon buildup and no heavy metal toxicity, meeting food-grade standards; (3) The microwave radiation conditions are stable and reliable, highly operable, and the wood leaf appearance is significantly enhanced, expanding the development space of wood leaf cups. In summary, the method for making wood leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization treatment provided in this invention application makes the leaf patterns on the cups clearer and more diverse, breaking the limitation of low yield of traditional wood leaf cups and enriching the aesthetic value and aesthetic space of wood leaf cups.

[0023] The method provided by the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 The above are the temperature rise curves for Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 The images show a clear comparison of the fired products of Examples 1-3 and the traditional wooden leaf cups, where (a) is the fired product of Example 1, (b) corresponds to the fired product of Example 2, (c) corresponds to the fired product of Example 3, and (d) corresponds to the fired product of the traditional wooden leaf cups.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a clear comparison of the veins of leaves treated by the method of Embodiment 1 of the present invention (a) and leaves that have not undergone carbonization treatment (b).

[0027] Figure 4 The results of the yield experiment at different firing temperatures when firing the wood leaves processed in this invention to make wood leaf cups. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this application, detailed descriptions are provided below using embodiments. However, it should be noted that the following specific embodiments are merely illustrative examples of the invention's operation. Basic operational variables not specifically given in this invention are well-known to those skilled in the art and are not considered variables affecting the invention. The scope of protection of this invention is limited only by the claims.

[0029] Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that various other modifications and substitutions can be made to the embodiments described in this invention within the scope of protection defined in the claims, and the same technical effects can still be achieved, thus attaining the ultimate technical objective of this invention.

[0030] In this application, all proportions are weight ratios, power is measured in W, frequency in MHz, temperature in °C, and wavelength in m. Furthermore, all numerical ranges described in this invention include end values ​​and may include new numerical ranges obtained by arbitrarily combining the upper and lower limits of the disclosed ranges. For example, if the weight percentage of a certain component is disclosed as 10–30%, preferably 15–25%, more preferably 20–23%, it is equivalent to simultaneously disclosing the following numerical ranges: 10–15%, 10–25%, 10–20%, 10–23%, 15–30%, 15–20%, 15–23%, 20–25%, and 23–25%.

[0031] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Example 1 The method for making leaf cups based on microwave carbonization of wood leaves adopts the following steps: S1. Material selection: Select fresh, intact, and naturally shaped Bodhi leaves, wash them, and drain them; S2. Arrangement and Clamping: A sandwich layer is formed between two overlapping clamping plates. A single layer of wood leaves is laid flat within this sandwich layer to obtain a board layer containing wood leaves. The clamping plates and wood leaves are stacked alternately until the board layer comprises 4 or 5 sandwich layers. The clamping plates are unglazed ceramic plates with a uniform thickness of approximately 0.8 cm. The unglazed ceramic plates have a dielectric constant of approximately 8 (at a frequency of 1 MHz) and a dielectric loss coefficient of 5 × 10⁻⁶. -3 (At 9 GHz frequency), the coefficient of linear expansion is 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. -6 Ceramic plates with uniform pore structure (below 450℃).

[0033] S3. Dehydration: Place the plate stably on the central tray of the microwave resonant cavity of the microwave radiation device, start the microwave heating section in the oxidizing atmosphere, and start the rotating tray; The microwave heating frequency was set to 2450 MHz, the wavelength to 0.15 m, the power to 700 W, and the rotating tray speed to 8 RPM. Dehydration was performed for 5 minutes. S4. Carbonization: Keep the frequency constant, adjust the control unit to set the wavelength to 0.25m, the power to 900W, and the rotating tray speed to 5RPM. Carbonization time: 3 minutes; S5. Removal and Airing: Two minutes after carbonization, open the microwave resonance cavity, remove the wood leaves, and air-dry for two minutes. Remove the ceramic clamps to observe the leaves. If the leaves are dark in color, have prominent veins, and possess a certain degree of hardness, they can be stored in specimen bags and sealed for later use. The specimen bags are sealed bags made of OPA material with a thickness of 0.05 mils.

[0034] S6. Glazing: The base glaze slurry is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the body, with a glaze layer thickness of 1.2 mm. The glaze composition ratio used in this embodiment is: K2O 6%, Na2O 2%, CaO 4%, diatomaceous earth 3%, Al2O3 15%, Fe2O3 6%, SiO2 63%, P2O5 0.4%, TiO2 0.5%, MnO2 0.1%. S7. Decorative Wood Leaves: Place the prepared wood leaves on the surface of the glazed body and store the body in a dry place to air dry for 6 hours; S8. Firing is performed using an electric kiln, which is simple and convenient to operate, and provides a stable, oxidizing firing atmosphere. The optimal firing temperature for this preparation method is 1230℃. The electric kiln heating curve is shown below, using 1230℃ as an example. Figure 1 .

[0035] The fired product image of this embodiment is shown below. Figure 2 As shown in (a).

[0036] Example 2 The method for making leaf cups based on microwave carbonization of wood leaves adopts the following steps: S1. Material selection: Select fresh, intact, and naturally shaped Bodhi leaves, wash them, and drain them; S2. Arrangement and Clamping: A sandwich layer is formed between two overlapping clamping layers. A single layer of wood leaves is laid flat in the sandwich layer to obtain a board layer with wood leaves sandwiched in it. The clamping layers and wood leaves are stacked alternately until the board layer includes 4 or 5 sandwich layers. S3. Dehydration: Place the plate stably onto the center tray of the microwave resonant cavity of the microwave radiation device, start the microwave heating section in an oxidizing atmosphere, and start the rotating tray. Dehydration settings: Set the microwave frequency to 2450 MHz, wavelength to 0.15m, power to 700W, and rotating tray speed to 8 RPM. Dehydrate for 5 minutes; S4. Carbonization: Keep the microwave frequency constant, adjust the control unit to set the wavelength to 0.25m, the power to 900W, and the rotating tray speed to 5RPM. Carbonization time: 3 minutes; S5. Removal and airing: Two minutes after carbonization is complete, open the microwave resonance cavity, remove the specimen and air it for two minutes. Remove the ceramic clamp and observe the leaves. If the leaves are dark in color, have obvious veins, and have a certain degree of hardness, they can be stored in specimen bags and sealed for later use.

[0037] S6. Glazing: Spray the base glaze evenly onto the surface of the body, with a glaze layer thickness of 1.2 mm; The glaze composition ratio used in this embodiment is: potassium feldspar 40%, calcium carbonate 10%, kaolin 6%, quartz 14%, red iron powder 6%, zinc oxide 2%, sodium feldspar 15%.

[0038] S7. Decorative Wood Leaves: Place the prepared wood leaves on the surface of the glazed body and store the body in a dry place to air dry for 6 hours; S8. Firing is performed using an electric kiln, which is simple and convenient to operate, and provides a stable, oxidizing atmosphere. The optimal firing temperature for this preparation method is 1230℃, and the heating curve is the same as that in Example 1. The fired product of this example is shown in the figure below. Figure 2 As shown in (b).

[0039] Example 3 The method for making leaf cups based on microwave carbonization of wood leaves adopts the following steps: S1. Material selection: Select fresh, intact, and naturally shaped Bodhi leaves, wash them, and drain them; S2. Arrangement and Clamping: A sandwich layer is formed between two overlapping clamping layers. A single layer of wood leaves is laid flat in the sandwich layer to obtain a board layer with wood leaves sandwiched in it. The clamping layers and wood leaves are stacked alternately until the board layer includes 4 or 5 sandwich layers. S3. Dehydration: Place the plate stably onto the center tray of the microwave resonant cavity of the microwave radiation device, start the microwave heating section in an oxidizing atmosphere, and start the rotating tray. Dehydration settings: Set the microwave frequency to 2450 MHz, wavelength to 0.15m, power to 700W, and rotating tray speed to 8 RPM. Dehydrate for 5 minutes; S4. Carbonization: Keep the microwave frequency constant, adjust the control unit to set the wavelength to 0.25m, the power to 900W, and the rotating tray speed to 5RPM. Carbonization time: 3 minutes; S5. Removal and airing: Two minutes after carbonization is complete, open the microwave resonance cavity, remove the specimen and air it for two minutes. Remove the ceramic clamp and observe the leaves. If the leaves are dark in color, have obvious veins, and have a certain degree of hardness, they can be stored in specimen bags and sealed for later use.

[0040] S6. Glazing: Spray the base glaze evenly onto the surface of the body, with a glaze layer thickness of 1.2 mm; the glaze composition ratio used in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.

[0041] S7. Decorative Wood Leaves: Place the prepared wood leaves on the surface of the glazed body and store the body in a dry place to air dry for 6 hours; S8. Firing using a gas kiln. The specific operating steps are as follows: a. Preheat the gasifier in advance; b. Free water discharge stage: The temperature is controlled to increase by 5°C per minute; when it reaches 200°C, add 2 more nozzles; when it reaches about 400°C, add 2 more nozzles, and maintain an increase of 4-5°C per minute. c. Draining structural water stage: After the free water is drained at about 550℃, add the nozzle and adjust the full blue flame by opening the air damper; d. Heat preservation stage: After the 102 temperature cone is tilted, the heat preservation stage begins. The regulating gate is closed, and the heating rate is maintained at 1°C every 5 minutes by reducing the pressure. The heat preservation is carried out for 40 minutes to make the atmosphere in the kiln uniform. e. Heating stage: With the gate fully closed, adjust the blue bottom flame through the air valve to maintain an increase of 2°C every 1 minute; f. At around 1100℃, pay attention to temperature control, and stop firing at about 1240℃ and close the gas cylinder valve; g. Allow to cool naturally to room temperature.

[0042] The fired product image of this embodiment is shown below. Figure 2 As shown in (c).

[0043] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in step S2, the ceramic plates used were replaced with glazed ceramic plates and unglazed ceramic plates with a thickness of 1.2 cm, respectively. The results showed that the glazed ceramic plate had a small amount of moisture in the center of the blade array, and the dehydration of the blades was uneven. The 1.2 cm thick unglazed ceramic plate and the 0.8 cm thick unglazed ceramic plate in Example 1 performed better, but the latter was more efficient.

[0044] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in steps S3-S4, dehydration is not performed; the leaves are directly carbonized until they are dark in color and have a moderate hardness. The results showed that some leaves in the leaf array were not carbonized evenly, and hot spots were prone to appearing.

[0045] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in step S3, the wavelengths for microwave heating and dehydration are set to 0.05m and 0.4m, respectively. Comparing the treated leaves of this comparative example with those of Example 1, it was found that the dehydration effect was optimal when the wavelength was set to 0.15m. When the wavelength was too large, the dehydration effect was slightly worse, and when the wavelength was too small, some parts of the leaf surface turned black, indicating excessively rapid carbonization.

[0046] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that, in step S4, the microwave carbonization power was set to 700W and 1100W, respectively. Comparing the wood leaves treated in this comparative example with those in Example 1, it was found that the carbonization effect achieved the highest success rate when the power was set to 900W.

[0047] Comparative Example 5 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in step S5, after carbonization, the leaves are not left to air dry and are directly taken out and stored. During the processing of the wood leaves in this comparative example, it was found that some leaves cracked during storage. When used, the leaves became less resilient, reacted unevenly with the glaze, and were prone to leaf vein breakage and leaf folding.

[0048] In order to verify the stability of the method for preparing the wood leaf cup of this invention, the inventors of this application conducted the following experiments.

[0049] 1. Detection of the effect of hydroxyl group content on leaf texture clarity Number: The main variable of the test pieces is the content of hydroxyl groups. Among them, A is a Bodhi leaf that has been carbonized by microwave radiation by the method provided by the present invention (hydroxyl groups are a small amount of combined water), B is a Bodhi leaf that has been flattened and dried (hydroxyl groups are combined water), and C is an untreated natural Bodhi leaf (hydroxyl groups are combined water and free water). Test pieces: three groups, 20 pieces per group, repeated three times; Kiln: Electric kiln or gas kiln; Kiln temperature: 1230℃; In addition to the wood leaves used above, the same operating steps and parameters as in Example 1 were used to obtain wood leaf cups made from different decorative wood leaves. The comparison of the clarity of the leaf texture is shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1 Comparison of the clarity of leaf texture in wood-fired teacups made from wood-leaf treated with different methods.

[0051] It is evident that the wood-leaf cups fired using the wood leaves treated according to this invention exhibit a stronger texture effect than those fired using ordinary wood leaves. The clarity of the leaves is also clearer than that of leaves treated by conventional methods and leaves without treatment, and the yield of finished products is also higher. This indicates that reducing the content of hydroxyl groups can enhance the clarity of the texture left by the leaves when they react with specific glazes.

[0052] 2. The effect of firing temperature on yield Kiln: Electric kiln or gas kiln; Test pieces: Five groups of test pieces a, b, c, d, and e were selected according to the carbonization treatment method in Example 1, with 20 pieces in each group; Firing temperatures: 1180℃, 1200℃, 1220℃, 1230℃, 1235℃, 1240℃, 1245℃, 1250℃, 1260℃, 1280℃, 1300℃; Except for the final firing temperature mentioned above, the same operating steps and parameters as in Example 1 or Example 2 were used to obtain the yield rates at different firing temperatures. Figure 4 ,from Figure 4 It is evident that the optimal temperature range is 1230-1250℃. Temperatures below or above this range make it difficult to produce a finished product with perfect leaf texture. Specific firing data for each group in this experiment are shown in Table 2. Therefore, controlling the kiln temperature is crucial when firing leaf-shaped cups using wood leaves treated with this invention.

[0053] Table 2. Yield of blades fired at different firing temperatures

[0054] The above specific embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any alternative improvements or modifications made to the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Any aspects of this invention not described in detail are well-known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for making leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization treatment of wood leaves, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Material selection: Select fresh, intact leaves with good natural shape, wash them, and drain the water; S2. Arrangement and clamping: A sandwich layer is formed between two overlapping clamping layers. A single layer of wood leaves is laid flat in the sandwich layer to obtain a board layer with wood leaves sandwiched in it. S3. Dehydration: The plate is placed stably in the microwave radiation device, the microwave heating part is started in the oxidizing atmosphere, and the rotating tray is started to dehydrate. The microwave frequency of the microwave heating is 2450 MHz, the wavelength is 0.12~0.2m, and the power is 700W~850W. S4. Carbonization: Keep the microwave frequency constant, adjust the wavelength of the microwave radiation device to 0.2 ~ 0.25m and the power to 850W ~ 1000W, and carry out carbonization. S5. Removal and airing: 1-2 minutes after carbonization is complete, remove the wood leaves and air them for 2 minutes. If the leaves are dark in color, the veins are obvious, and they have a certain degree of hardness, they can be stored in a specimen bag and sealed for later use. S6. Glazing: After the base glaze is prepared according to the ratio, spray the base glaze slurry evenly onto the surface of the body. S7. Decorative Wood Leaves: Place the prepared wood leaves on the surface of the glazed body and store the body in a dry place to dry naturally. The specific drying time depends on the weather conditions: 6-12 hours on rainy days and 2-3 hours on sunny days. S8. Kiln firing.

2. The method for making leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization of wood leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leaves mentioned in step S1 are Bodhi leaves, mulberry leaves, crape myrtle, maple, trident maple, sweet maple, banyan, pomelo leaves, Fujian cypress, walnut leaves, maidenhair fern, palm-leaved raspberry leaves, beech leaves, elm leaves, paper mulberry, hops, fig leaves, poplar leaves, ginkgo leaves, Bauhinia, frangipani, quince leaves, sea mango, or oblique-leaved banyan.

3. A method for making leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization of wood leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping plate mentioned in step S2 is an unglazed ceramic plate with a thickness of 0.5cm to 0.8cm; the dielectric constant of the unglazed ceramic plate is 8 at a frequency of 1 MHz, and the dielectric loss coefficient is 5×10 at a frequency of 9 GHz. -3 The coefficient of linear expansion below 450℃ is 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. -6 It has a uniform pore structure; Preferably, in step S2, the clamping plates and wood leaves are stacked alternately until the plate layer includes 4 or 5 clamping layers.

4. The method for making leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization of wood leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave radiation device described in step S3 has controllable power parameters, wavelength parameters, and time parameters, and the dehydration time is 4 to 5 minutes. Preferably, the rotational speed of the rotating tray in step S3 is 8 RPM.

5. The method for making leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization of wood leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the rotating tray of the microwave radiation device rotates at a speed of 5-6 RPM; the carbonization time is ≤3 minutes.

6. The method for making leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization of wood leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specimen bag mentioned in step S5 has a thickness specification ≥ Sealed bags made of PET or OPA material with a count of 0.05 filaments.

7. The method for making leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization of wood leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the glaze used for glazing comprises the following components: K2O 5-7%, Na2O 1-3%, CaO 4%, diatomaceous earth 2-4%, Al2O3 14-16%, Fe2O3 5-7%, SiO2 60-65%, P2O5 0.1-0.5%, TiO2 0.5-1.5%, MnO2 0.05-0.15%; or, the glaze used for glazing comprises the following components: potassium feldspar 35-55%, calcium carbonate 9-11%, kaolin 5-7%, quartz 10-16%, red iron powder 4-9%, zinc oxide 1-3%, sodium feldspar 10-20%. Preferably, in step S6, the thickness of the fired glaze layer is 0.9-1.5 mm.

8. The method for making leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization of wood leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S8, the firing temperature of the kiln is controlled at 1220-1240℃; preferably, in step S8, the kiln is an electric kiln or a gas kiln.

9. A method for making leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization of wood leaves according to claim 8, characterized in that, The firing temperature of the electric kiln is 1230℃.

10. A method for making leaf cups based on microwave radiation carbonization of wood leaves according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S8, a gas kiln is used for firing. The specific operating steps are as follows: a. Preheat the gasifier in advance; b. Free water discharge stage: The temperature is controlled to increase by 3-6℃ per minute; when it reaches 200℃, add 2 more nozzles; when it reaches 400℃, add 2 more nozzles and maintain an increase of 4-5℃ per minute. c. Draining structural water stage: After the free water is drained at 550℃, add the nozzle and adjust the full blue flame by opening the air damper; d. Heat preservation stage: After the 102 temperature cone is tilted, the heat preservation stage begins. The regulating gate is closed, and the heating rate is maintained at 1°C every 5-6 minutes by reducing the pressure. The heat preservation is carried out for 30-40 minutes to make the atmosphere in the kiln uniform. e. Heating stage: With the gate fully closed, adjust the blue bottom flame through the air valve to maintain an increase of 2°C every 1 minute; f. At 1100℃, fluctuations in the composition of high-temperature gas inside the furnace are likely to occur. Attention must be paid to temperature control, and the air distribution plate at the bottom of the furnace should be adjusted in real time to ensure normal fluidization. When the temperature is evenly raised to 1240℃, the firing should be stopped and the gas cylinder valve should be closed. g. Allow to cool naturally to room temperature.

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