Air sealing stop valve of hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses an air sealing stop valve for a hydrogen fuel cell, belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells for automobiles, and aims to solve the problems that after a fuel cell stack is shut down, unreacted hydrogen is usually remained on an anode side, and hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas is extremely easy to form after infiltrated oxygen and hydrogen are mixed, and the system safety is seriously threatened when the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas is in an explosion limit range. The device comprises a sealing stop valve and a conveying pipe integrally connected with an outlet of the sealing stop valve, an interception sealing device is arranged in the conveying pipe, and the interception sealing device comprises a filtering part, a sealing deoxidizing part and a driving part used for driving the sealing deoxidizing part; the filtering piece comprises a first filtering plate and a second filtering plate; the sealing deoxidizing piece is positioned between the first filtering plate and the second filtering plate. Double protection of physical sealing and chemical deoxidation is realized through the interception sealing device, when the valve is closed, residual air is directly intercepted, and oxygen in an interception area is actively consumed, so that the risk of hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion is avoided from the source, and the shutdown safety of the fuel cell is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology for automobiles, specifically to an air seal shut-off valve for hydrogen fuel cells. Background Technology

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device that uses hydrogen energy through a chemical reaction, producing only water during operation, thus achieving true zero emissions. In a hydrogen fuel cell system, the air-tight shut-off valve is a key component controlling the airflow into the fuel cell stack; its sealing performance directly affects the system's safety and operating efficiency. During fuel cell stack operation, humidified air (containing oxygen) needs to be supplied to the cathode side through this valve to ensure the continuous electrochemical reaction. When the system shuts down or the air supply needs to be cut off, the valve must close quickly and reliably seal to prevent external gases from interfering with the internal environment of the stack.

[0003] However, in practical applications, traditional air-tight shut-off valves face significant safety hazards due to the infiltration of residual air and oxygen into the fuel cell stack after closure. This stems from the physical limitations of existing sealing structures. Traditional shut-off valves primarily rely on the mechanical contact between the valve disc and seat. Whether using a hard metal seal or a soft elastomer seal, factors such as machining precision, assembly errors, and long-term wear inevitably result in minute gaps or microscopic unevenness between the sealing surfaces, creating "interface leakage" channels. When the valve closes, residual air (containing approximately 21% oxygen) in the piping between the valve and the fuel cell stack, as well as in the valve body cavity, slowly seeps into the stack through these gaps. This "micro-leakage" phenomenon is more pronounced when the system is stationary for extended periods or experiences pressure fluctuations.

[0004] After a fuel cell stack is shut down, unreacted hydrogen typically remains on the anode side. When infiltrated oxygen mixes with the hydrogen, it easily forms a hydrogen-oxygen mixture. When the mixture ratio is within the explosive limits of 4% to 75%, an explosion may occur upon contact with an electrical spark (such as a spark generated by a relay activating within the system) or a high-temperature environment, posing a serious threat to system safety. Furthermore, the continuous infiltration of residual oxygen can lead to an imbalance in the gas composition within the stack, affecting the reaction efficiency during the next startup, accelerating the oxidation and depletion of the fuel cell catalyst, and shortening the stack's lifespan.

[0005] Currently, the sealing design of traditional shut-off valves focuses primarily on improving mechanical fit precision, failing to fundamentally address the issues of oxygen residue and slow infiltration after shut-off, which are specific to the safety requirements of hydrogen fuel cell systems. To address these problems, a hydrogen fuel cell air-sealed shut-off valve is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an air seal shut-off valve for hydrogen fuel cells. By using this device, the problem mentioned above can be solved: after the fuel cell stack is shut down, unreacted hydrogen usually remains on the anode side. When the infiltrated oxygen mixes with the hydrogen, it easily forms a hydrogen-oxygen mixture. When the mixing ratio is within the explosion limit range of 4% to 75%, it poses a serious threat to the safety of the system.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A hydrogen fuel cell air seal shut-off valve includes a sealing shut-off valve and a delivery pipe integrally connected to the sealing shut-off valve outlet. The delivery pipe is provided with an interception and sealing device, which includes a filter element, a sealing deoxygenation element, and a drive element for driving the sealing deoxygenation element.

[0009] The sealing shut-off valve includes a valve body, a valve cover located on top of the valve body, and a valve plate located inside the valve body. A valve stem is connected to the top of the valve plate. The top of the valve stem is threaded through the valve cover, and an electric actuator is connected to the top of the valve stem through a fixing frame. The electric actuator is electrically connected to an external controller via a wire.

[0010] The delivery pipe has a cylindrical structure, with its air inlet integrally connected to the outlet of the sealing valve, and its outlet connected to the fuel cell stack inlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the filter element includes a first filter plate and a second filter plate, and the sealing deoxygenation element is located between the first filter plate and the second filter plate. The first filter plate has a circular structure with a concave top. A first filter cotton plate is embedded in the top of the first filter plate. A first gas channel is reserved between the bottom of the first filter cotton plate and the bottom of the first filter plate. The first filter cotton plate and the first filter plate are respectively provided with a through first gas delivery hole, and the first gas delivery hole is evenly distributed along the circumference of the first filter plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the second filter plate includes a circular structure with a concave top, a second filter cotton plate is embedded in the top of the second filter plate, a second gas channel is reserved between the bottom of the second filter cotton plate and the bottom of the second filter plate, and a through second gas supply hole is correspondingly opened on the second filter cotton plate and the second filter plate, and the second gas supply hole is evenly distributed along the circumference of the second filter plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the first air passage of the first filter plate and the second air passage of the second filter plate are offset, and the bottom of the first air passage abuts against the top of the second filter cotton plate, so as to achieve filtration while ensuring normal gas delivery.

[0014] Furthermore, the sealing deoxidizer includes a fixed shaft, a sealing plate, a magnetic ring, and a gas supply pipe. The sealing plate has a circular structure with a concave top. The gas supply pipes are evenly distributed around the top of the sealing plate and correspond one-to-one with the first gas supply holes of the first filter plate. The top of the gas supply pipe is adapted to communicate with the first gas supply holes, and the bottom of the gas supply pipe penetrates the sealing plate. The top of the sealing plate located outside the gas supply pipe is filled with copper-based deoxidizer particles, and the top of the copper-based deoxidizer particles is covered by a breathable mesh and fixed to the top of the sealing plate. The center of the sealing plate is connected to the fixed shaft through a first bearing, which is embedded in the bottom of the first filter plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the magnet ring is sleeved on and fixed to the outer circumferential wall of the sealing plate, the top of the sealing plate is in sealing contact with the bottom of the first filter plate, and the top of the second filter cotton plate is in sealing contact with the bottom of the sealing plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the driving component includes a second bearing and an annular electromagnet. The second bearing is sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying pipe at the position corresponding to the magnet ring, and the annular electromagnet is sleeved on the outer wall of the second bearing and fixed. The annular electromagnet is electrically connected to an external controller through a wire and is used to drive the magnet ring to rotate the sealing plate through magnetic force.

[0017] Furthermore, a fixing groove is formed on the inner wall of the conveying pipe in an annular structure, and the first filter plate, the sealing plate and the second filter plate are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the conveying pipe and embedded in the fixing groove for fixation.

[0018] Furthermore, the first filter cotton plate is an activated carbon composite filter plate, used to adsorb organic impurities, odors and residual small amounts of oil vapor in the gas; the second filter cotton plate is a glass fiber plate, used to filter small particulate matter in the gas.

[0019] Furthermore, the copper-based deoxidizer particles have a particle size of 0.5–2 mm and a packing density of 1.2–1.5 g / cm³. 3 .

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. This application provides a dual-protection air-sealed shut-off valve for hydrogen fuel cells, effectively blocking oxygen leakage and enhancing system safety. Traditional shut-off valves rely solely on the mechanical seal between the valve disc and seat, which is prone to "micro-leakage" due to gaps, leading to residual air seeping into the fuel cell stack and posing a risk of hydrogen-oxygen mixing. This application achieves dual protection through an interception sealing device combining "physical sealing + chemical deoxygenation." When the valve is closed, the drive component rotates the sealing plate, causing the gas delivery pipe to misalign with the first gas delivery orifice, forming a physical barrier that directly intercepts residual air. Simultaneously, the copper-based deoxidizer particles on the sealing plate connect with the first gas channel, actively consuming oxygen in the interception area and reducing the oxygen content below the safe threshold. This fundamentally avoids the risk of hydrogen-oxygen mixing and explosion, significantly improving the static and shutdown safety of the fuel cell system.

[0022] 2. The first and second filter cotton plates of the filter element form a progressive filtration system. The former adsorbs organic impurities, oil vapors and odors, while the latter intercepts fine particulate matter, ensuring the cleanliness of the gas entering the fuel cell stack and avoiding catalyst contamination. At the same time, the staggered design of the first and second gas inlets and the contact structure of the sealing plate ensure filtration efficiency without increasing flow resistance or affecting normal air intake efficiency.

[0023] 3. The drive unit adopts the magnetic coupling drive of the annular electromagnet and the magnetic ring, which eliminates the need to open mechanical through holes in the delivery pipe and avoids additional leakage points; the sealing plate is connected to the fixed shaft through the bearing, which allows for smooth rotation and low wear. Combined with the sealing contact structure, it reduces mechanical loss and extends the overall service life of the valve.

[0024] 4. Copper-based deoxidizer particles can efficiently deoxidize at room temperature without additional heating energy consumption, making them suitable for low-power scenarios after fuel cell shutdown. The reaction product is solid copper oxide, which is stable and constrained by the permeable mesh, preventing contamination of the fuel cell stack or impact on catalyst activity. Furthermore, the integrated design of filtration and deoxidation functions results in a compact valve structure, eliminating the need for an external inert gas source and making it more suitable for space-constrained applications such as automotive applications.

[0025] 5. Both the electric actuator and the annular electromagnet are automatically controlled by an external controller. Valve opening and closing and sealing plate switching can be linked and responded to without manual intervention. The rotation angle of the sealing plate is precisely controllable, ensuring reliable switching between misaligned sealing and deoxygenation channels, thus improving the convenience and reliability of system operation.

[0026] 6. This application effectively solves the sealing defects of traditional shut-off valves through structural innovation, taking into account filtration and purification, active deoxygenation and safety protection functions, providing a more reliable air sealing solution for hydrogen fuel cell systems, which helps to extend the life of fuel cell stacks, reduce operation and maintenance costs, and promote the safe commercial application of hydrogen fuel cell technology. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an overall isometric view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side view of the sealing shut-off valve of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying pipe structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the interception and sealing device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first filter plate structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second filter plate structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing and deoxidizing component structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sealing plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a side sectional view of the intercepting sealing device and the delivery pipe of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a control block diagram of the sealing interception deoxygenation device of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Sealing stop valve; 11. Valve body; 12. Valve cover; 13. Valve stem; 14. Electric actuator; 2. Delivery pipe; 21. Fixing groove; 3. Interception sealing device; 31. Filter element; 311. First filter plate; 312. Second filter plate; 313. First filter cotton plate; 314. First gas passage; 315. First gas delivery hole; 316. Second filter cotton plate; 317. Second gas passage; 318. Second gas delivery hole; 32. Sealing deoxidizer element; 321. Fixing shaft; 322. Sealing plate; 323. Magnet ring; 324. Gas delivery pipe; 325. Copper-based deoxidizer particles; 33. Drive element; 331. Second bearing; 332. Ring electromagnet. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] All devices in this application adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the control method is through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art, which is common knowledge in the field, so this application will not explain it in detail.

[0040] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a hydrogen fuel cell air-sealed shut-off valve includes a shut-off valve 1 and a delivery pipe 2 integrally connected to the outlet of the shut-off valve 1. The shut-off valve 1 includes a valve body 11, a valve cover 12 located on top of the valve body 11, and a valve plate located inside the valve body 11. A valve stem 13 is connected to the top of the valve plate, and the top of the valve stem 13 is threaded through the valve cover 12. An electric actuator 14 is connected to the top of the valve stem 13 through a fixing bracket. The electric actuator 14 is electrically connected to an external controller via a wire. By driving the valve stem 13 to rise and fall, the valve plate can quickly open and close the internal channel of the valve body 11, satisfying the requirements of the valve body 11. To meet the gas flow control requirements of the fuel cell system, the delivery pipe 2 is cylindrical in shape, with its inlet integrated with the outlet of the sealing valve 1. The outlet of the delivery pipe 2 is connected to the inlet of the fuel cell stack. As a key channel for gas flow, the delivery pipe 2 adopts an integrated structural design to reduce leakage points and improve overall sealing. During operation, the external controller sends a signal to the electric actuator 14, which drives the valve stem 13 to move upward, causing the valve plate inside the valve body 11 to rise and the sealing valve 1 to open. At this time, external air enters the delivery pipe 2 through the valve body 11 and flows to the fuel cell stack.

[0041] Please see the appendix Figure 2 - Figure 9 As shown, the delivery pipe 2 is equipped with an interception and sealing device 3. The interception and sealing device 3 includes a filter element 31, a sealing and deoxygenating element 32, and a driving element 33 for driving the sealing and deoxygenating element 32. This sandwich structure layout allows the gas to undergo a process of filtration, sealing, deoxygenation, and re-filtration in sequence along the flow path, which not only ensures the cleanliness of the gas but also achieves a safety protection function.

[0042] The filter element 31 includes a first filter plate 311 and a second filter plate 312. The sealed deoxygenating element 32 is located between the first filter plate 311 and the second filter plate 312. The first filter plate 311 has a circular structure with a concave top. A first filter cotton plate 313 is embedded in the top of the first filter plate 311. A first gas channel 314 is reserved between the bottom of the first filter cotton plate 313 and the bottom of the first filter plate 311. The design of the first gas channel 314 provides a buffer space for gas flow, so that the gas can pass through the first filter cotton plate 313 more evenly, improve the filtration efficiency, and ensure the airflow effect. The first filter cotton plate 313 and the first filter plate 311 are respectively provided with a through first gas delivery hole 315, and the first gas delivery hole 315 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the first filter plate 311. The first filter cotton plate 313 is an activated carbon composite filter plate, which is used to adsorb organic impurities, odors and residual small amounts of oil vapor in the gas.

[0043] The second filter plate 312 includes a circular structure with a concave top. A second filter cotton plate 316 is embedded in the top of the second filter plate 312. A second gas channel 317 is reserved between the bottom of the second filter cotton plate 316 and the bottom of the second filter plate 312. The second filter cotton plate 316 and the second filter plate 312 are respectively provided with through second gas delivery holes 318, which are evenly distributed around the second filter plate 312. The second filter cotton plate 316 is a glass fiber plate used to filter out minute particles in the gas. For particulate matter, the first air passage 315 of the first filter plate 311 and the second air passage 318 of the second filter plate 312 are staggered. The bottom of the first air passage 315 abuts against the top of the second filter cotton plate 316 to achieve filtration while ensuring normal gas delivery. The staggered design extends the gas path in the filter element 31, allowing the gas to fully contact the filter material and improve the filtration effect. At the same time, the abutting structure ensures that the gas must pass through the filter cotton plate to flow, avoiding unfiltered gas from leaking directly through the passage.

[0044] The sealing deoxidizer component 32 includes a fixed shaft 321, a sealing plate 322, a magnetic ring 323, and a gas delivery pipe 324. The sealing plate 322 has a concave circular structure at the top. The gas delivery pipes 324 are evenly distributed around the top of the sealing plate 322, and each gas delivery pipe 324 corresponds to a first gas delivery hole 315 of the first filter plate 311. The top of the gas delivery pipe 324 is adapted to communicate with the first gas delivery hole 315, and the bottom of the gas delivery pipe 324 penetrates through the sealing plate 322. The top of the sealing plate 322 located outside the gas delivery pipe 324 is filled with copper-based deoxidizer particles 325, and the top of the copper-based deoxidizer particles 325 is covered by a breathable mesh and fixed to the top of the sealing plate 322. The particle size of the copper-based deoxidizer particles 325 is 0.5-2 mm, and the filling density is 1.2-1.5 g / cm³. 3The sealing plate 322 is connected to the fixed shaft 321 via a first bearing. The first bearing is embedded in the bottom of the first filter plate 311. During normal ventilation, the gas delivery pipe 324 is connected to the first gas delivery hole 315, ensuring smooth gas flow. When the valve is closed, the sealing plate 322 rotates, causing the gas delivery pipe 324 to misalign with the hole, forming a physical seal. Simultaneously, the copper-based deoxidizer particles 325 come into contact with residual air and consume oxygen, fundamentally eliminating safety hazards. The permeable mesh ensures sufficient contact between the gas and the deoxidizer while preventing deoxidizer particles from entering the gas path and causing contamination. The copper-based deoxidizer particles 325 are selected with a particle size of 0.5–2 mm and a concentration of 1.2–1.5 g / cm³. 3 The packing density can reduce flow resistance while ensuring deoxygenation efficiency.

[0045] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first filter cotton plate 313 is an activated carbon composite filter plate, used to adsorb organic impurities, odors, and residual small amounts of oil vapor in the gas; the second filter cotton plate 316 is a glass fiber plate, used to filter fine particulate matter in the gas. The synergistic effect of the two-stage filtration can effectively remove various pollutants from the gas: the activated carbon composite plate targets organic pollutants and oil vapor, preventing them from contaminating the fuel cell catalyst; the glass fiber plate intercepts fine particles, preventing them from wearing down equipment or clogging pipelines, significantly improving the cleanliness of the gas entering the fuel cell stack and extending the stack's service life.

[0046] The electric actuator 14 drives the valve stem 13 to move upward, causing the valve plate inside the valve body 11 to rise, opening the sealing shut-off valve 1. At this time, external air enters the delivery pipe 2 through the valve body 11 and flows to the fuel cell stack. The filter element 31 inside the delivery pipe 2 filters the delivered gas. The gas enters the delivery pipe 2 from the valve body 11. At this time, the annular electromagnet 332 is not energized, the sealing plate 322 is in the initial position, the top of the gas delivery pipe 324 is precisely aligned and connected with the first gas delivery hole 315 of the first filter plate 311, and the bottom passes through the sealing plate 322 and forms a flow gap with the top of the second filter cotton plate 316, constructing a complete gas path. The gas first enters the top recessed area of ​​the first filter plate 311. When it passes through the first filter cotton plate 313 and the activated carbon composite plate, the activated carbon component inside adsorbs organic impurities, odors and residual oil vapors in the gas. The gap between channel 314 (bottom of the first filter cotton plate) and the bottom of the filter plate provides a buffer space for the gas, allowing the airflow to be evenly distributed and fully contact the filter cotton plate, thus improving the adsorption efficiency. The gas filtered in the first stage enters the gas supply pipe 324 of the sealing plate 322 through the first gas supply hole 315, flows downward through the sealing plate 322, and then contacts the second filter cotton plate 316 and the glass fiber plate. Since the first gas supply hole 315 and the second gas supply hole 318 are staggered, the gas must first permeate through the glass fiber plate before it can enter the second gas channel 317 through the second gas supply hole 318. During this process, the glass fiber plate intercepts small particles in the gas, such as dust and pipe debris, to prevent them from entering the fuel cell stack. The clean gas filtered in the two stages converges through the second gas channel 317 and enters the fuel cell stack through the outlet of the delivery pipe 2 to meet the reaction requirements.

[0047] The first filter cotton plate 313 (activated carbon composite plate) and the second filter cotton plate 316 (glass fiber plate) of the filter element 31 of this application form a progressive filtration. The former adsorbs organic impurities, oil vapor and odors, while the latter intercepts fine particulate matter, ensuring the cleanliness of the gas entering the fuel cell stack and avoiding catalyst contamination. At the same time, the staggered design of the first gas outlet 317 and the second gas outlet 318 and the abutting structure of the sealing plate 322 ensure filtration efficiency without increasing flow resistance and without affecting normal air intake efficiency.

[0048] Please see the appendix Figure 3 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the magnet ring 323 is sleeved on and fixed to the outer circumferential wall of the sealing plate 322. The top of the sealing plate 322 is sealed and abutted against the bottom of the first filter plate 311, and the top of the second filter cotton plate 316 is sealed and abutted against the bottom of the sealing plate 322. The sealing and abutting structure ensures the airtightness of the interception area, so that the residual air can only react with the copper-based deoxidizer and cannot diffuse to the fuel cell stack side, thereby improving the deoxidation efficiency and sealing reliability. The driving component 33 includes a second bearing 331 and an annular electromagnet 332. The second bearing 331 is sleeved on the outer wall of the delivery pipe 2 at the position corresponding to the magnet ring 323, and the annular electromagnet 332 is sleeved on the outer wall of the second bearing 331 and fixed. The annular electromagnet 332 is electrically connected to an external controller through a wire and is used to drive the magnet by magnetic force. Ring 323 drives sealing plate 322 to rotate using magnetic coupling drive, eliminating the need for mechanical through holes in conveying pipe 2 and avoiding additional leakage points. Simultaneously, non-contact drive reduces mechanical wear, extending the device's service life. Combined with the bearing structure, this ensures smoother rotation of sealing plate 322 and faster switching response. A ring-shaped fixing groove 21 is formed on the inner wall of conveying pipe 2. The first filter plate 311, sealing plate 322, and second filter plate 312 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of conveying pipe 2 and fixed within the fixing groove 21. The design of the fixing groove 21 enables precise positioning and stable assembly of each component, ensuring that sealing plate 322 maintains a sealed contact with the filter plate during rotation. This also simplifies the assembly process and improves production efficiency.

[0049] After the fuel cell stack shuts down, the controller controls the electric actuator 14 to drive the valve stem 13 down, closing the sealing shut-off valve 1 and blocking the external gas source. Simultaneously, the controller supplies current to the annular electromagnet 332, generating a rotating magnetic field. This magnetic force drives the magnet ring 323 inside the delivery pipe 2 to rotate, causing the sealing plate 322 to rotate around the fixed shaft 321 until the gas delivery pipe 324 is completely misaligned with the first gas delivery hole 315. After the sealing plate 322 rotates, the top of the gas delivery pipe 324 is sealed and covered by the bottom of the first filter plate 311, and the bottom is tightly abutted against the top of the second filter cotton plate 316, forming a physical barrier. At this point, the residual air (containing oxygen) between the sealing shut-off valve 1 and the sealing plate 322 is completely intercepted in the space above the first filter plate 311, preventing it from diffusing to the fuel cell stack side. After the sealing plate 322 rotates, the copper-based deoxidizer particles 325 (particle size 0.5–2 mm, filling density 1.2–1.5 g / cm³) filling its top are released. 3 The system is connected to the first gas channel 314 via a permeable mesh. The intercepted residual air permeates through the first gas channel (314) into the copper-based deoxidizer particles 325, where a reaction occurs at room temperature (2Cu + O2 → 2CuO), continuously consuming oxygen. The permeable mesh ensures sufficient contact between the gas and the deoxidizer while preventing deoxidizer particles from detaching and entering the gas path. Ultimately, the oxygen content in the intercepted area is reduced, completely avoiding the risk of an explosive mixture with residual hydrogen in the fuel cell stack.

[0050] When the fuel cell stack is ready to restart, the controller reverses the control of the annular electromagnet 332, driving the sealing plate 322 to rotate back to the initial position, and the gas supply pipe 324 and the first gas supply hole 315 are realigned and connected; at the same time, the electric actuator 14 opens the sealing shut-off valve 1, and the device returns to normal ventilation and filtration state. The whole process is completed automatically without manual intervention.

[0051] This process, through a synergistic design of "filtration-sealing-deoxygenation," achieves efficient gas purification during fuel cell system operation and safety protection during shutdown, taking into account both gas cleanliness and the risk of hydrogen-oxygen mixing.

[0052] Workflow:

[0053] An external controller controls the electric actuator 14 to drive the valve stem 13 to rise, opening the sealing shut-off valve 1. Gas enters the delivery pipe 2 from the valve body 11. At this time, the annular electromagnet 332 is not energized, the sealing plate 322 is in its initial position, and the top of the gas delivery pipe 324 is precisely aligned and connected with the first gas delivery hole 315 of the first filter plate 311. The bottom of the pipe passes through the sealing plate 322 and forms a flow gap with the top of the second filter cotton plate 316, constructing a complete gas path. The gas first enters the top recessed area of ​​the first filter plate 311. When passing through the first filter cotton plate 313, the activated carbon component inside adsorbs organic impurities, odors, and residual oil vapors in the gas. The first gas channel 314 provides a buffer space for the gas, ensuring even airflow distribution and full contact with the filter cotton plate, thus improving adsorption efficiency. The gas filtered through the first stage enters the gas delivery pipe 324 of the sealing plate 322 through the first gas delivery hole 315, flows downward through the sealing plate, and then contacts the second filter cotton plate 316 and the fiberglass plate. Because the first gas inlet 315 and the second gas inlet 318 are offset, the gas must first permeate through the fiberglass plate before entering the second gas channel 317 through the second gas inlet 318. During this process, the fiberglass plate intercepts small particulate matter in the gas, preventing it from entering the fuel cell stack. The clean gas, filtered through these two stages, converges through the second gas channel 317 and enters the fuel cell stack through the outlet of the delivery pipe 2 to meet the reaction requirements.

[0054] After the fuel cell stack shuts down, the controller controls the electric actuator 14 to drive the valve stem 13 down, closing the sealing shut-off valve 1 and blocking the external gas source. Simultaneously, the controller supplies current to the annular electromagnet 332, generating a rotating magnetic field. This magnetic force drives the magnet ring 323 inside the delivery pipe 2 to rotate, causing the sealing plate 322 to rotate around the fixed shaft 321 until the gas delivery pipe 324 is completely misaligned with the first gas delivery hole 315. After the sealing plate 322 rotates, the top of the gas delivery pipe 324 is sealed and covered by the bottom of the first filter plate 311, and the bottom is tightly abutted against the top of the second filter cotton plate 316, forming a physical barrier. At this time, the residual oxygen-containing air between the sealing shut-off valve 1 and the sealing plate 322 is completely intercepted in the space above the first filter plate 311, preventing it from diffusing to the fuel cell stack side. After the sealing plate 322 rotates, the copper-based deoxidizer particles 325 filled on its top are connected to the first gas channel 314 through the permeable mesh. The intercepted residual air permeates into the copper-based deoxidizer particles 325 through the first gas channel 314, where it reacts at room temperature: 2Cu + O₂ → 2CuO, continuously consuming oxygen. The permeable mesh ensures sufficient contact between the gas and the deoxidizer while preventing deoxidizer particles from detaching and entering the gas path. Ultimately, the oxygen content in the interception area is reduced, completely eliminating the risk of an explosive mixture with residual hydrogen in the fuel cell stack.

[0055] When the fuel cell stack is ready to restart, the controller reverses the control of the annular electromagnet 332, driving the sealing plate 322 to rotate back to the initial position, and the gas supply pipe 324 and the first gas supply hole 315 are realigned and connected; at the same time, the electric actuator 14 opens the sealing shut-off valve 1, and the device returns to normal ventilation and filtration state. The whole process is completed automatically without manual intervention.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0057] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell air-sealed shut-off valve, comprising a shut-off valve (1) and a delivery pipe (2) integrally connected to the outlet of the shut-off valve (1), characterized in that: The delivery pipe (2) is provided with an interception and sealing device (3), which includes a filter element (31), a sealing and deoxidizing element (32), and a driving element (33) for driving the sealing and deoxidizing element (32). The sealing shut-off valve (1) includes a valve body (11), a valve cover (12) located on top of the valve body (11), and a valve plate located inside the valve body (11). A valve stem (13) is connected to the top of the valve plate. The top of the valve stem (13) is threaded through the valve cover (12), and an electric actuator (14) is connected to the top of the valve stem (13) through a fixing frame. The electric actuator (14) is electrically connected to an external controller through a wire. The delivery pipe (2) is cylindrical in shape, and its inlet is integrally connected to the outlet of the sealing valve (1). The outlet of the delivery pipe (2) is connected to the inlet of the fuel cell stack.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell air seal shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter element (31) includes a first filter plate (311) and a second filter plate (312). The sealed deoxygenating element (32) is located between the first filter plate (311) and the second filter plate (312). The first filter plate (311) has a circular structure with a concave top. A first filter cotton plate (313) is embedded in the top of the first filter plate (311). A first gas channel (314) is reserved between the bottom of the first filter cotton plate (313) and the bottom of the first filter plate (311). A first through-hole (315) is correspondingly opened on the first filter cotton plate (313) and the first filter plate (311), and the first through-hole (315) is evenly distributed along the circumference of the first filter plate (311).

3. The hydrogen fuel cell air seal shut-off valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second filter plate (312) includes a circular structure with a concave top. A second filter cotton plate (316) is embedded in the top of the second filter plate (312). A second gas channel (317) is reserved between the bottom of the second filter cotton plate (316) and the bottom of the second filter plate (312). A through second gas supply hole (318) is correspondingly opened on the second filter cotton plate (316) and the second filter plate (312), and the second gas supply hole (318) is evenly distributed along the circumference of the second filter plate (312).

4. The hydrogen fuel cell air seal shut-off valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first air passage (315) of the first filter plate (311) and the second air passage (318) of the second filter plate (312) are offset. The bottom of the first air passage (315) abuts against the top of the second filter cotton plate (316) to achieve filtration while ensuring normal gas delivery.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell air seal shut-off valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sealing deoxidizing component (32) includes a fixed shaft (321), a sealing plate (322), a magnetic ring (323), and a gas delivery pipe (324). The sealing plate (322) has a circular structure with a concave top. The gas delivery pipe (324) is evenly distributed around the top of the sealing plate (322) and corresponds one-to-one with the first gas delivery hole (315) of the first filter plate (311). The top of the gas delivery pipe (324) and the first gas delivery hole (315) are aligned. The gas supply pipe (324) is connected to the sealing plate (322) at the bottom; the top of the sealing plate (322) located outside the gas supply pipe (324) is filled with copper-based deoxidizer particles (325), and the top of the copper-based deoxidizer particles (325) is covered by a breathable mesh and fixed to the top of the sealing plate (322); the center of the sealing plate (322) is connected to the fixed shaft (321) through a first bearing, and the first bearing is embedded in the bottom of the first filter plate (311).

6. The hydrogen fuel cell air seal shut-off valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The magnet ring (323) is sleeved on the outer circumferential wall of the sealing plate (322) and fixed. The top of the sealing plate (322) is sealed and abutted against the bottom of the first filter plate (311), and the top of the second filter cotton plate (316) is sealed and abutted against the bottom of the sealing plate (322).

7. The hydrogen fuel cell air seal shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component (33) includes a second bearing (331) and an annular electromagnet (332). The second bearing (331) is sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying pipe (2) at the position corresponding to the magnet ring (323). The annular electromagnet (332) is sleeved on the outer wall of the second bearing (331) and fixed. The annular electromagnet (332) is electrically connected to an external controller through a wire and is used to drive the magnet ring (323) to rotate the sealing plate (322) by magnetic force.

8. The air-tight shut-off valve for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the conveying pipe (2) has a ring-shaped fixing groove (21). The first filter plate (311), the sealing plate (322), and the second filter plate (312) are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the conveying pipe (2) and fixed in the fixing groove (21).

9. The hydrogen fuel cell air seal shut-off valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first filter cotton plate (313) is an activated carbon composite filter plate, used to adsorb organic impurities, odors and residual small amounts of oil vapor in the gas; the second filter cotton plate (316) is a glass fiber plate, used to filter small particulate matter in the gas.

10. The air-tight shut-off valve for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The copper-based deoxidizer particles (325) have a particle size of 0.5–2 mm and a packing density of 1.2–1.5 g / cm³. 3 .

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