Bypass diode configuration method and system for photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention relates to a bypass diode configuration method and system for a photovoltaic module, and the method comprises the steps: dividing the photovoltaic module into a plurality of battery strings, each battery string comprises n battery pieces which are connected in series, and each battery string is provided with a diode; when only one battery piece in one battery string fails, the diode provides a bypass for the failed battery piece; when two or more battery pieces in one battery string break down, the diode provides a bypass for the battery string. According to the invention, the bypass can be dynamically provided for the fault cell, the configuration of the diode is reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic module optimization technology, and in particular to a bypass diode configuration method and system for photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, if some solar cells fail to generate electricity due to shading (such as leaves, dust, shadows, bird droppings), damage (such as microcracks, aging), or inherent defects, these cells will become energy-consuming loads under reverse bias, generating localized high temperatures, known as the hot spot effect. Hot spots not only reduce the module's output power but may also cause aging of encapsulation materials, permanent damage to the cells, and even fires due to the high temperature load.

[0003] Currently, methods for addressing photovoltaic hot spots include: bypass diodes, micro-inverters, power optimizers, smart cell interconnection, and dynamic reconfiguration. However, apart from bypass diodes, current methods for solving photovoltaic hot spots still suffer from problems such as high cost, high system complexity, or complex manufacturing processes. Therefore, bypass diodes remain the mainstream application in the market.

[0004] For bypass diodes, such as Figure 1 As shown, there are currently two methods: (1) each cell is connected in parallel with a bypass diode; (2) each cell is connected in series with a diode.

[0005] (1) A bypass diode is connected in parallel to each solar cell.

[0006] Principle: Each solar cell is equipped with a bypass diode. When a solar cell is blocked, the current bypasses through the diode, avoiding reverse heating.

[0007] Disadvantages: High cost: A typical photovoltaic module contains 60 to 72 solar cells and requires a large number of diodes, which significantly increases material costs and packaging complexity.

[0008] Reliability challenges: The increased number of diodes leads to a higher probability of solder joint failure, and long-term operation may cause local overheating or open circuit.

[0009] (2) Each battery is connected in series and parallel with a bypass diode.

[0010] Principle: Multiple series-connected solar cells (e.g., 18-24 cells) are connected in parallel with a bypass diode.

[0011] Disadvantages: Wasted power generation. If any cell in the substring is blocked, the current of the entire substring will be bypassed by the diode, causing all normal cells in the substring to stop generating power, resulting in a loss of effective power generation area.

[0012] System efficiency decline: In partial shading scenarios, the output power of the components drops in a step-like manner (e.g., if one of the three series of components is bypassed, the power loss is about 33%).

[0013] In summary, equipping each battery with a diode (for fine protection) is too costly, while equipping each battery with a diode in series (for coarse protection) sacrifices power generation efficiency. Therefore, the configuration of the bypass diode needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0014] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems of excessive cost of equipping each battery with a diode in the prior art, and sacrificing power generation efficiency by equipping each battery with a diode in series.

[0015] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for configuring bypass diodes in photovoltaic modules, comprising:

[0016] The photovoltaic module is divided into several cell strings, each cell string includes n cells connected in series, and each cell string is equipped with a diode;

[0017] When only one cell in a battery string fails, the diode provides a bypass for that failed cell;

[0018] When two or more cells in a battery string fail, the diode provides a bypass for that battery string.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the battery string is configured with a selection switch A, a selection switch B, a controller, and a current detection module. The controller is connected to the selection switch A, the selection switch B, and the current detection module. The current detection module and the diode are connected in series between the selection switch A and the selection switch B. The controller is used to control the opening and closing of the selection switch A and the selection switch B. The controller is also used to detect whether there is current in the diode through the current detection module to determine whether there is a fault in the battery cell or the battery string.

[0020] The selection switch A includes a switch that is the same number as the n battery cells and connected in parallel. , ... And switch , ... Each is connected to the positive terminal of one of the n battery cells;

[0021] The selection switch B includes a switch that is the same number as the n battery cells and connected in parallel. , ... And switch , ... Each of the n cells is connected to its negative terminal.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, at the same time, the switch , ... Only one switch can be closed at a time; at the same time, the switch... , ... There can only be one closed loop.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to determine whether there is a fault in the battery string by detecting whether there is current in the diode through a current detection module, and the method includes the following steps:

[0024] S1: The controller switches via selector switch A. Placed in the closed state, the switch is turned on by selector switch B. Placed in a closed state;

[0025] S2: The controller detects whether there is current flowing through the diode via the current detection module: if there is current flowing through the diode, it indicates that there is a fault in a cell in the battery string, and steps S3 are executed; if there is no current flowing through the diode, it indicates that the cells in the battery string are normal.

[0026] S3: Detects battery cells via controller Is there a malfunction?

[0027] S4: If the battery cell If no fault is found, the battery cells are checked step by step via the controller. , ,..., ,..., Is there a malfunction?

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, S4 progressively detects the battery cells via a controller. , ,..., ,..., Is there a fault in the battery cells? :

[0029] Close the switch via controller and Next, check if there is current in the diode. If there is current, it indicates that the battery cell... There is a malfunction;

[0030] When the battery A fault was found. Further investigation was conducted to determine if other cells in the battery string were faulty. The switch was closed via the controller. and switch Next, check if there is current in the diode. If there is current, it indicates that the battery cell... ,..., There is a fault in one of the solar cells; if there is no current, it indicates that the solar cell is faulty. ,..., No malfunctions;

[0031] For multiple battery cells to be faulty, i.e., battery cells There is a fault, and the battery cell ,..., If a battery cell is also faulty, the controller will close the switch. and switch The diode provides a bypass for the battery string;

[0032] If only battery cells There is a fault; the controller is controlling the switch. and switch When closed, the diode acts as a battery cell. Provide a bypass.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diode is only a battery cell. When providing a bypass, it also includes:

[0034] In diodes are only used for battery cells When providing bypass, the diode current needs to be continuously monitored. Once the diode has no current, the controller will switch it off. and switch All closed; if the diode continues to have current, it is also necessary to periodically check the battery cells. ,..., and battery cells ,..., New fault detected: If a new fault occurs, the controller will close the switch. and switch The diodes provide a bypass for the battery string; if no new faults occur, the periodic probing continues.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the battery cell There is a fault, and the battery cell ,..., If some battery cells are also faulty, then reverse testing is performed, specifically:

[0036] If battery cells are detected A malfunction occurred, and it was also detected. ,..., If any of the battery cells are faulty, reverse engineering is performed to identify the problem. ,..., The faulty battery cell with the largest serial number , The controller will switch ,switch Close the circuit to maximize the power generation of the battery string.

[0037] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a bypass diode configuration system for photovoltaic modules, comprising:

[0038] Dividing module: Used to divide the photovoltaic module into several cell strings, each cell string includes n cells connected in series, and a diode is connected in parallel to each cell string;

[0039] First setting module: When only one cell in a battery string fails, the diode provides a bypass for the failed cell;

[0040] The second setting module is used to provide a bypass for a battery string when two or more battery cells in the string fail.

[0041] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules as described above.

[0042] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules as described above.

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0044] The bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules constructed in this invention can dynamically provide bypass for faulty cells, which reduces the configuration of diodes, improves the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules, and reduces power generation losses.

[0045] The method of this invention is simple and easy to use, and is suitable for large-scale promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of two configuration methods for bypass diodes in the background technology.

[0048] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of dynamically configured diodes in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the present invention relates to a method for configuring bypass diodes for photovoltaic modules, comprising:

[0052] The photovoltaic module is divided into several cell strings, each cell string includes n cells connected in series, and each cell string is equipped with a diode;

[0053] When only one cell in a battery string fails, the diode provides a bypass for that failed cell;

[0054] When two or more cells in a battery string fail, the diode provides a bypass for that battery string.

[0055] Each battery string is equipped with a selector switch A, a selector switch B, a controller (e.g., an STM series microcontroller), and a current detection module (e.g., a Raytron Technology RN8209C or a current sensor). The controller is connected to selector switch A, selector switch B, and the current detection module. The current detection module and a diode are connected in series between selector switch A and selector switch B. The controller is used to control the opening and closing of selector switch A and selector switch B. The controller is also used to detect whether there is current in the diode through the current detection module to determine whether there is a fault in the battery cell or battery string.

[0056] In this embodiment, switch A is selected from switches that are connected in parallel with the same number of n battery cells. , ... And switch , ... Each is connected to the positive terminal of one of the n battery cells, and at the same time, the switch... , ... Only one switch can be closed; selector switch B includes switches connected in parallel with the same number of n battery cells. , ... And switch , ... Each is connected to the negative terminal of one of the n battery cells. At the same time, the switch... , ... There can only be one closed loop.

[0057] It should be noted that for the same time switch , ... Only one switch can be closed at the same time. , ... Only one switch can be closed at a time. Specifically, if the controller needs to close a switch, it must first determine if any other switches are closed. If so, the controller must first issue an instruction to the selector switch to open that switch, and then issue the instruction to close the switch. For simplicity, this embodiment will only describe the instruction to close the switch below; that is, by default, the selector switch will first open all closed switches, and then close the corresponding switch according to the controller's instruction.

[0058] The following is a detailed description of this embodiment:

[0059] The method for detecting whether there is a fault in the battery string by detecting whether there is current in the diode through the current detection module in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: In this embodiment, it is assumed that the battery pack has n battery cells. The controller notifies selector switch A to switch... Close and select switch B to switch Close; the controller sets the fault count flag to 0.

[0061] Step 2: The controller constantly detects whether there is current flowing through the diodes via the current detection module: if there is current flowing through, it indicates that a cell in the battery string has failed, and Step 3 is executed; if there is no current flowing through, it indicates that the cells in the battery string are normal.

[0062] Step 3: The controller first detects the battery cells. Is there a malfunction?

[0063] The controller controls selector switch B to close the switch. (Close the switch) Previously, the controller would turn on the switch in advance. (This means that only one selector switch can be closed at a time, which will not be elaborated further.) At this time, the switch... and switch The circuit is closed, and then the current detection module checks whether there is current in the diode. If there is current, it indicates that the battery cell... When a fault occurs, the location of the battery cell is determined. A malfunction has occurred; if there is no current, it indicates a problem with the battery cells. No malfunction.

[0064] Locate the battery cell After a fault occurs, it is necessary to further investigate whether other battery cells are faulty. This can be done by closing the switch via the controller. and switch Check if there is current in the diode. If there is current, it indicates that the battery cell... , ,..., There are also faulty cells inside. If there is no current, it indicates that the cells are faulty. , ,..., No malfunction.

[0065] In cases where multiple solar cells fail (i.e., solar cells...) There is a fault, and the battery cell ,..., If the battery cells are also faulty, the controller will close the switch. and switch The diodes provide a bypass for the battery string, and the controller sets the fault count flag to multiple. The current sensing module continuously detects whether there is current in the diodes; when there is no current in the diodes, the controller sets the fault count flag to 0.

[0066] If only battery cells When a fault occurs, the control sets the fault quantity flag to 1, and then the selector switch... and When closed, the diode functions merely as a battery cell. Provide a bypass.

[0067] In diodes, only solar cells are used. During bypass, the current detection module needs to continuously monitor the diode current. Once the diode has no current, both selector switches need to be returned to their initial state (i.e., the switches are switched back to their initial state). ,switch (Close) to detect whether there is a problem with the battery string as a whole, in order to prepare for the next round of testing, and the controller sets the fault count flag to 0; if the diode continues to have current, the above method needs to be used to periodically detect it. , ,..., Has a new fault occurred? If a new fault occurs, the controller closes the switch. and switch The diodes provide a bypass for the battery string; if no new faults occur, periodic probing continues.

[0068] Step 4: If the battery cells If no fault is found, continue testing the battery cells using the methods described above. Is there a malfunction?

[0069] The controller closes the switch via the corresponding selector switch. and Then, the current detection module checks whether there is current in the diode. If there is current, it indicates that the battery cell... When a fault occurs, the location of the battery cell is determined. A malfunction has occurred; if there is no current, it indicates a problem with the battery cells. No malfunction.

[0070] Locate the battery cell After a fault occurs, it is necessary to further investigate whether other battery cells are faulty. The controller notifies the selector switch to close. and Check if there is current in the diode. If there is current, it indicates that the battery cell... ,..., Some solar cells may also malfunction. If there is no current, it indicates that the solar cell... ,..., No malfunction.

[0071] In cases where multiple solar cells fail (i.e., solar cells...) There is a fault, and the battery cell ,..., If the battery cells are also faulty, the controller will close the switch. and switch The diodes provide a bypass for the battery string, and the controller sets the fault count flag to multiple. The current sensing module continuously detects whether there is current in the diodes; when there is no current in the diodes, the controller sets the fault count flag to 0.

[0072] If only battery cells In the event of a fault, the controller sets the fault quantity flag to 1 and instructs the selector switch to close. and At this time, the diode is simply a battery cell. Provide a bypass.

[0073] In diodes, only solar cells are used. During bypass, the current detection module needs to continuously monitor the diode current. Once the diode has no current, both selector switches need to be returned to their initial state (i.e., switches A1 and Bn are closed) to check for problems with the entire battery string. This is to prepare for the next round of testing, and the controller sets the fault count flag to 0. If the diode continues to have current, the above method needs to be used to periodically detect the battery cells. as well as ,..., Are there any new faults? If a new fault occurs, the controller will close the switch. and switch The diodes provide a bypass for the battery string; if no new faults occur, periodic probing continues.

[0074] Step 5: Continue in this manner, gradually testing the pooling plates. ,..., ,..., Is there a fault? Detection Is there a malfunction?

[0075] Controller notification selector switch closed switch and Then, the current detection module checks whether there is current in the diode. If there is current, it indicates that the battery cell... When a fault occurs, the location of the battery cell is determined. A malfunction has occurred; if there is no current, it indicates a problem with the battery cells. normal.

[0076] Locate the battery cell After a fault occurs, it is necessary to further investigate whether other battery cells are faulty. The controller notifies the selector switch to close. and The current detection module checks whether there is current in the diode. If there is current, it indicates that the battery cell... ,..., There may also be faulty battery cells; if there is no current, it indicates that the battery cell is faulty. ,..., No malfunction.

[0077] In cases where multiple solar cells fail (i.e., solar cells...) There is a fault, and the battery cell ,..., If the battery cells are also faulty, the controller will close the switch. and switch The diodes provide a bypass for the battery string, and the controller sets the fault count flag to multiple. The current sensing module continuously detects whether there is current in the diodes; when there is no current in the diodes, the controller sets the fault count flag to 0.

[0078] If only battery cells In the event of a fault, the control system sets the fault quantity flag to 1 and instructs the selector switch to close. and At this time, the diode is simply a battery cell. Provide a bypass.

[0079] In diodes, only solar cells are used. During bypass, the current detection module needs to continuously monitor the diode current. Once the diode has no current, both selector switches need to be returned to their initial state (i.e., the switches are switched back to their initial state). ,switch (Closed) and the controller sets the fault count flag to 0; if the diode continues to have current, the above method is also required to periodically detect the battery cells. ,..., and battery cells ,..., Are there any new faults? If a new fault occurs, the controller will close the switch. and switch The diodes provide a bypass for the battery string; if no new faults occur, periodic probing continues.

[0080] Furthermore, if a fault is detected in cell m, and faults are also detected in cells m+1, ..., cell n, then reverse engineering can be performed to find... ,..., The faulty battery cell with the largest serial number , At this time, the controller closes the switch. , This method maximizes the efficiency of the battery string. For this approach, the selector switch needs to be closed periodically. , To test ,..., Are there any newly added faulty battery cells inside? Bn to detect ,..., Are there any newly added faulty battery cells inside?

[0081] Example 2

[0082] This embodiment provides a bypass diode configuration system for photovoltaic modules, including:

[0083] Dividing module: Used to divide photovoltaic modules into several cell strings, each cell string includes n cells connected in series, and each cell string is equipped with a diode;

[0084] First setting module: When only one cell in a battery string fails, the diode provides a bypass for the failed cell;

[0085] The second setting module is used to provide a bypass for a battery string when two or more battery cells in the string fail.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] This embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules described in Embodiment 1.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules described in Embodiment 1.

[0090] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0091] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0092] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0093] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0094] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0095] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for configuring bypass diodes for photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: include: The photovoltaic module is divided into several cell strings, each cell string includes n cells connected in series, and each cell string is equipped with a diode; When only one cell in a battery string fails, the diode provides a bypass for that failed cell; When two or more cells in a battery string fail, the diode provides a bypass for that battery string.

2. The bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery string is equipped with a selector switch A, a selector switch B, a controller, and a current detection module. The controller is connected to selector switch A, selector switch B, and current detection module respectively. The current detection module and a diode are connected in series between selector switch A and selector switch B. The controller is used to control the opening and closing of selector switch A and selector switch B. The controller is also used to detect whether there is current in the diode through the current detection module to determine whether there is a fault in the battery cell or battery string. The selection switch A includes a switch that is the same number as the n battery cells and connected in parallel. , ... And switch , ... Each is connected to the positive terminal of one of the n battery cells; The selection switch B includes a switch that is the same number as the n battery cells and connected in parallel. , ... And switch , ... Each of the n cells is connected to its negative terminal.

3. The bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: At the same time, switch , ... Only one switch can be closed at a time; at the same time, the switch... , ... There can only be one closed loop.

4. The bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller is also used to determine whether there is a fault in the battery string by detecting the presence of current in the diode through the current detection module, and the method includes the following steps: S1: The controller switches via selector switch A. Placed in the closed state, the switch is turned on by selector switch B. Placed in a closed state; S2: The controller detects whether there is current flowing through the diode via the current detection module: if there is current flowing through the diode, it indicates that there is a fault in a cell in the battery string, and steps S3 are executed; if there is no current flowing through the diode, it indicates that the cells in the battery string are normal. S3: Detects battery cells via controller Is there a malfunction? S4: If the battery cell If no fault is found, the battery cells are checked step by step via the controller. , ,..., ,..., Is there a malfunction? 5. The bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: S4 detects the battery cells step by step through the controller. , ,..., ,..., Is there a fault in the battery cells? : Close the switch via controller and Next, check if there is current in the diode. If there is current, it indicates that the battery cell... There is a malfunction; When the battery A fault was found. Further investigation was conducted to determine if other cells in the battery string were faulty. The switch was closed via the controller. and switch Next, check if there is current in the diode. If there is current, it indicates that the battery cell... ,..., There is a fault in one of the solar cells; if there is no current, it indicates that the solar cell is faulty. ,..., No malfunctions; Multiple solar cells are faulty, i.e., solar cells There is a fault, and the battery cell ,..., If a battery cell is also faulty, the controller will close the switch. and switch The diode provides a bypass for the battery string; If only battery cells There is a fault; the controller is controlling the switch. and switch When closed, the diode acts as a battery cell. Provide a bypass.

6. The bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diode is only for battery cells. When providing a bypass, it also includes: In diodes are only used for battery cells When providing bypass, the diode current needs to be continuously monitored. Once the diode has no current, the controller will switch it off. and switch All closed; if the diode continues to have current, it is also necessary to periodically check the battery cells. ,..., and battery cells ,..., New fault detected: If a new fault occurs, the controller will close the switch. and switch The diodes provide a bypass for the battery string; if no new faults occur, the periodic probing continues.

7. The bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that: The battery cell There is a fault, and the battery cell ,..., If some battery cells are also faulty, then reverse testing is performed, specifically: If battery cells are detected A malfunction occurred, and it was also detected. ,..., If any of the battery cells are faulty, reverse engineering is performed to identify the problem. ,..., The faulty battery cell with the largest serial number , The controller will switch ,switch Close the circuit to maximize the power generation of the battery string.

8. A bypass diode configuration system for photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: include: Dividing module: Used to divide the photovoltaic module into several cell strings, each cell string includes n cells connected in series, and a diode is connected in parallel to each cell string; First setting module: When only one cell in a battery string fails, the diode provides a bypass for the failed cell; The second setting module is used to provide a bypass for a battery string when two or more battery cells in the string fail.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the bypass diode configuration method for photovoltaic modules as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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