Bionic anti-corrosion anti-crack fluid induction self-adjusting structure of fire pump station flow channel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fire pump station flow channels, and discloses a bionic anti-corrosion anti-crack fluid induction self-adjusting structure of a fire pump station flow channel, which comprises a flow channel body with a straight line part and a bent part, and a flow channel inlet and a flow channel outlet respectively positioned at two ends of the flow channel body, and a reducing part is arranged between the flow channel outlet and the flow channel body. The bionic anti-drag layer is laid on the inner wall of the straight line part of the runner body; and the flexible self-adaptive layers are laid at the flow channel inlet, the flow channel outlet and the inner wall of the bent part, and the flexible self-adaptive layers are connected with the adjacent bionic anti-drag layers. Fluid parameters are collected in real time through the sensor matrix, the AI-CFD coupling algorithm of the central control unit is combined, the shape memory alloy spring and the micro hydraulic driver are driven, the surface appearance and the flow channel sectional area of the flexible self-adaptive layer are dynamically adjusted, and the core problem that a fixed flow channel is difficult to adapt to working condition fluctuation is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of a fire pump station flow channel, in particular to a bionic anti-erosion and anti-cracking fluid induction self-adjusting structure of a fire pump station flow channel. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the expansion of the scale of building construction in China, higher requirements are put forward for the improvement of the fire safety condition. The fire pump station plays a key role in urban flood control and drainage and industrial facility fire water supply, and the flow channel structure directly affects the efficiency and stability of the pump station.

[0003] In the operation scene of the fire pump station flow channel (especially the urban flood control and drainage pump station and the industrial fire water supply pump station), the traditional pump station flow channel design generally has the problems of vortex and cavitation phenomenon caused by the roughness of the inner wall of the flow channel and unreasonable curvature of the elbow, thereby increasing energy loss and large water loss, and the fixed flow channel design lacks dynamic adjustment capability and is difficult to cope with complex working conditions and extreme environments, and the specific problems are as follows: 1. Low water efficiency and serious energy loss The traditional flow channel has a rough inner wall (roughness greater than or equal to 0.5 mm) and a fixed cross section, and vortex and turbulent flow are easily generated when the flow fluctuates, and the water efficiency is only 65%-70%; 2. Serious cavitation and corrosion and short service life The low-pressure area is easily generated at the curved part and the variable diameter part of the traditional flow channel due to the sudden change of flow velocity, the cavitation phenomenon occurs frequently, the inner wall is damaged in a honeycomb shape (the depth can reach 2-3 mm), and the service life of the flow channel is reduced; 3. Poor working condition adaptability and easy failure in extreme scenes The traditional flow channel cannot adapt to the flow difference (fluctuation range 0.5-5 m 3 / s) between the rainy season and the dry season, in the rainy season, the insufficient cross section of the flow channel causes the flow velocity to exceed 5 m / s, the pressure loss is 0.5 MPa, and the pump set is overloaded; in the dry season, the flow velocity is less than 1 m / s, which causes sediment accumulation, and regular manual dredging is required, which is inconvenient to operate 4. Lack of intelligent monitoring and lagging fault response The traditional flow channel relies on manual inspection and cannot sense the flow field changes in real time, if the vortex at the variable diameter part is not found in time, the pump set impeller may be fatigued and broken, and the pump set needs to be stopped for maintenance, during which it is difficult to deal with sudden fires.

[0004] With the frequent occurrence of extreme weather, the shortcomings of the traditional flow channel in efficiency, safety and adaptability have become a major hidden danger for urban fire water supply, and an innovative structure of "bionic drag reduction + intelligent control" is urgently needed to break through the technical bottleneck. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the technical problems in the background art, the application provides a bionic anti-corrosion and anti-cracking fluid-induced self-regulating structure of a fire pump station flow channel.

[0006] The bionic anti-corrosion and anti-cracking fluid-induced self-regulating structure of the fire pump station flow channel comprises a flow channel body with a straight section and a curved section, a flow channel inlet and a flow channel outlet located at two ends of the flow channel body respectively, and a variable diameter section provided between the flow channel outlet and the flow channel body. A bionic drag-reducing layer is laid on the inner wall of the straight section of the flow channel body. A flexible self-adapting layer is laid on the inner walls of the flow channel inlet, the flow channel outlet and the curved section, and the flexible self-adapting layer is connected with the adjacent bionic drag-reducing layer. A sensor matrix is distributed on the inner walls of the curved section, the variable diameter section, the flow channel inlet and the flow channel outlet, and is used for collecting fluid pressure, flow rate, temperature and corrosion potential in real time. A driving layer is embedded in the flexible self-adapting layer, and the driving layer comprises a shape memory alloy spring and a micro hydraulic driver, and is used for adjusting the surface topography of the flexible self-adapting layer and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel according to the feedback signals of the sensor matrix. A central control unit is further provided, and the central control unit is built-in Kalman filter and AI-CFD coupling algorithm, and is used for processing the data of the sensor matrix and generating control instructions, so that the driving layer is controlled in a closed loop mode. The central control unit is arranged in a cabinet in a control room of the fire pump station or a waterproof electric control box of a maintenance platform on top of the flow channel, and is connected with the sensor matrix and the driving layer through a redundant communication link. Preferably, the central control unit is an industrial embedded controller, is installed in a standard cabinet in the control room of the fire pump station, communicates with the memory alloy spring and the micro hydraulic driver of the sensor matrix and the driving layer distributed in the flow channel through a shielded twisted pair, and the cabinet is integrated with an uninterrupted power supply (UPS) and a lightning protection module, so that the continuous and stable transmission of control signals in an extreme environment is ensured. In order to shorten the signal transmission distance, the central control unit can be hung in the waterproof electric control box of the maintenance platform on top of the pump station flow channel, and is redundantly backed up with an upper computer in the main control room of the pump station through an optical fiber ring network, so that "on-site-remote" dual-mode control is realized. To solve the problems of low hydraulic efficiency, weak corrosion and crack resistance, and poor working condition adaptability of traditional fire pump stations, the structure realizes full working condition optimization through "bionic design + intelligent control". The bionic drag reduction layer and the flexible self-adaptive layer cover the key areas of the flow channel. The sensor matrix collects fluid parameters (pressure, flow rate, etc.) at a frequency of 100 Hz. After denoising by Kalman filtering, the central control unit predicts the hydraulic efficiency and cavitation risk using an AI-CFD coupling algorithm (combining deep neural networks and Reynolds time-averaged equations). The driving layer dynamically adjusts the flow channel morphology within 0.5s. For example, the flow channel cross-sectional area can be expanded by 15%-20% during the high flow period of the rainy season, and the contraction cross-section can suppress vortex flow during the dry season, increasing the hydraulic efficiency from 65%-70% to more than 85%. The redundant design (UPS + fiber ring network) of the central control unit ensures stable operation in extreme environments (-20℃ to 120℃), solving the core pain point of fixed flow channels that cannot adapt to flow fluctuations.

[0007] As a further optimized scheme of the present application, the surface of the bionic drag reduction layer is a shark scale microstructure, which changes the angle of the shark scale through a micro servo motor; The shark scale microstructure simulates the skin of a shark, and adjusts the angle of the scale (0°-30°) through a micro servo motor (power ≤5W) to realize dynamic optimization of surface roughness. This design uses boundary layer separation effect to suppress turbulence, reducing the friction coefficient by 15%-25% along the flow path when the flow rate is ≥2m / s. In combination with the longitudinal ribs (micro grooves) on the surface of the scale, it further guides the orderly flow of fluid and reduces energy loss.

[0008] Further, the shark scale microstructure includes an array of bionic shark scales, and the surface of the shark scale is sprayed with a temperature-sensitive poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide (PNIPAM) coating, realizing dual functions of "environmental response + physical drag reduction". The surface of the shark scale has longitudinal ribs and forms V-shaped micro grooves, with a groove width to groove depth ratio of 1:0.3-1:0.6 and a period length of 0.5-2mm, reducing the friction coefficient by 15-25% along the flow path when the flow rate is ≥2m / s. The shark scale is a corrugated sheet made of shape memory alloy Ni-Ti alloy, arranged with a spacing of 5-10mm and forming a continuous drag reduction surface, which can elastically deform by ±2mm with fluid pressure. The V-shaped micro groove parameters (groove width 0.5-2mm, depth 0.15-1.2mm) are optimized by fluid dynamics to reduce resistance and suppress the degree of fluid turbulence by boundary layer separation, forming an orderly vortex in the boundary layer and reducing friction resistance. Actual measurements show that in the flow rate range of 2-5m / s, the friction coefficient is stably reduced to 0.018-0.02, which is 15% more energy-saving than the traditional flow channel.

[0009] Further, the shark scales are driven by a micro power ≤5W servo motor to change the angle, and the thermal deformation of the shape memory alloy is triggered by heating to realize the dynamic adjustment of the flow passage section.

[0010] As a further optimized scheme of the present application, the flexible adaptive layer has a bionic suction disc-shaped micrometer-level concave-convex column array on the side facing the fluid; The bionic suction disc-shaped concave-convex column array simulates the anti-adhesion property of vascular endothelial cells, can dynamically adjust and change the surface morphology of the flexible adaptive layer according to the speed and pressure distribution of the fluid, and inhibit the adhesion of corrosive media, so that the direct contact of the fluid with the wall surface is converted into the action with the flexible adaptive layer by changing the column height and spacing, effectively reducing the generation of turbulent flow, avoiding the energy loss and pressure loss caused by turbulent flow, and reducing the local resistance loss by 30% especially at the bending part and the variable diameter part. The elastic deformation of the concave-convex column can also absorb the fluid impact and reduce the flow passage vibration noise (≤60 dB); The impeller at the outlet of the flow passage of the traditional fire pump station is prone to cavitation due to local low pressure, and the flexible adaptive layer applied to the surface of the flow passage can help to optimize the fluid flow around the impeller during rotation, reduce the frictional resistance between the fluid and the surface of the impeller, improve the energy conversion efficiency of the impeller, and thus improve the performance of the entire pump; Further, the micrometer-level concave-convex column array has a column diameter of 20-50 μm, a column height of 30-60 μm, and a center distance between columns of 40-80 μm, and an electrochemical corrosion monitoring electrode is embedded in the column; The size parameters of the concave-convex column take into account the drag reduction and structural strength, and the electrochemical corrosion monitoring electrode embedded in the column can collect the corrosion potential in real time (accuracy ±1 mV), and when the corrosion potential is detected to be out of limit, the central control unit automatically increases the column height to increase the shear stress of the corrosive medium by more than 20%, inhibits the adhesion of corrosion products, and reduces the flow passage corrosion rate by 60%.

[0011] As a further optimized scheme of the present application, the shape memory alloy spring is made of Ni-Ti alloy, and the phase transition temperature range is -20℃-120℃, and the response time of the electric heating is less than 0.3s, and the maximum deformation is ±2mm; The Ni-Ti alloy spring has excellent shape memory effect, can realize fast response (less than 0.3s) in a wide temperature range of -20℃-120℃, and has a deformation of ±2mm, so as to accurately adjust the surface morphology of the flexible adaptive layer. For example, when cavitation risk is detected, the spring is contracted to drive the concave-convex column to protrude, which destroys the cavitation nucleus formation condition, and the cavitation occurrence rate is reduced by more than 70%.

[0012] As a further optimized scheme of the present application, the sensor matrix comprises: The piezoresistive pressure sensor, preferably a MEMS pressure sensor, is mainly installed in three parts. The first part is installed on the inner side wall of the curved part, and one is arranged every 5° of the central angle. The second part is installed on the front and rear end faces of the variable diameter part, and one circle is arranged on each face with a spacing of 50 mm. The third part is installed at the inlet and outlet of the flow passage and is uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction with four. The MEMS pressure sensor is flushly embedded on the inner wall of the flow passage body, and a 0.3 mm polyether ether ketone (PEEK) protective film is covered on the surface to achieve a precision of ±0.1 kPa and prevent sand abrasion. The hot film flow rate sensor is arranged along the axial center line of the flow passage every 1 m, and each group of three sensors is embedded in the pipe wall at an angle of 120°. One sensor is arranged 5 mm before the leading edge of the pump impeller to monitor the suction flow rate in real time. One sensor is arranged at the outlet of the flow passage as a total flow check. The sensor is screwed into the inner threaded base, and the probe is flush with the inner wall with a response time of less than 50 ms. The ultrasonic sensor is installed on the outer back side of the curved part of the flow passage which is most susceptible to cavitation, and one is arranged every 200 mm along the axial direction. The sensors are arranged in an array with a spacing of 100 mm on the region opposite to the wall surface on the suction surface of the pump blade. Three sensors are arranged along the generatrix direction on the tapered surface at the variable diameter part of the flow passage. The sensors are fixed by external clamping magnetic attraction, and the transmitting / receiving wafer is tightly attached to the outer wall through a coupling agent. The pulse frequency is 0.5 Hz, and the sensor can detect a wall thickness reduction or cavitation bubble group of greater than or equal to 0.1 mm. The sensor cables are connected to the waterproof junction box on the top maintenance platform, and then connected to the central control unit through shielded cables, ensuring that the flow does not need to be stopped during maintenance, and the sensor cables can be quickly replaced. The sensor matrix realizes multi-parameter collaborative monitoring: the pressure sensor captures small pressure fluctuations (±0.1 kPa), the flow rate sensor provides real-time feedback on flow field changes (response < 50 ms), the ultrasonic sensor detects wall thickness and cavitation every 2 seconds, the cables are concentrated in the waterproof junction box, supporting pressure removal and replacement (maintenance time is shortened by 50%), and ensuring continuous operation of the flow passage.

[0013] As a further optimized scheme of the present application, the central control unit receives data from the sensor matrix at a sampling frequency of 100 Hz and predicts the risk of cavitation using a CFD-ANN hybrid model. When the predicted cavitation index is greater than 0.7, the drive layer adjusts the cross-section of the flow passage within 0.5 seconds to suppress cavitation. The CFD-ANN hybrid model (Computational Fluid Dynamics + Artificial Neural Network) can quickly predict the risk of cavitation, and the sampling frequency of 100 Hz ensures real-time performance. When the cavitation index is greater than 0.7 (critical value), the drive layer adjusts the cross-section of the flow passage (such as reducing the local diameter to increase the speed and reduce the pressure) within 0.5 seconds through the shape memory alloy spring, which destroys the conditions for the growth of cavitation nuclei, and the actual measurement can reduce the cavitation damage by 80%.

[0014] As a further optimized scheme of the present application, the inner wall of the variable diameter part is provided with an angle-adjustable deformable wing, and the angle adjustment range is 0°-45°. The deformable wing is installed at the variable diameter of the flow passage, and the fluid is smoothly transitioned by angle adjustment (0°-45°) to reduce vortex and pressure loss caused by sudden change of cross section. For example, when the flow rate is high, the wing angle is adjusted to 15°, the local resistance coefficient is reduced by 30%, and energy loss is avoided.

[0015] Further, the deformable wing is made of carbon fiber-epoxy resin composite material and driven by a micro motor, and the angle adjustment accuracy is ±0.5°; The wing made of carbon fiber-epoxy resin composite material (strength ≥300MPa) is light in weight and strong in corrosion resistance, and the micro motor drive ensures the angle adjustment accuracy of ±0.5°, which can accurately optimize the flow field distribution. At the outlet of the flow passage, the wing angle is adjusted to 30° to guide the fluid to match the impeller efficiently, and the pump set efficiency is improved by 5%-8%.

[0016] A control method of a bionic corrosion and crack resistant fluid sensing self-adjusting structure of a fire pump station flow passage, the specific steps are as follows: S1, the pressure P, flow rate V, temperature T and corrosion potential E in the flow passage are collected in real time by a sensor matrix; S2, the central control unit uses Kalman filter to denoise and fuse the pressure P, flow rate V, temperature T and corrosion potential E, and obtains the fluid state vector S; S3, the fluid state vector S is input into the AI-CFD coupling algorithm to calculate the current flow passage hydraulic efficiency η and cavitation risk index C; S4, if η<85% or C>0.7, a control instruction is generated to drive the shape memory alloy spring, micro hydraulic driver and micro motor to act, and adjust the surface topography of the flexible adaptive layer and / or the angle of the deformable wing; S5, repeat steps S1-S4 to form a closed loop control.

[0017] The AI-CFD coupling algorithm adopts deep neural network coupled with Reynolds time-averaged Navier-Stokes equation to solve, the network input is S, and the output is η, C and optimal topography parameter ΔR, ΔR includes the convex height distribution of the flexible adaptive layer and the turning angle of the deformable wing; When the corrosion potential E is detected to exceed the set threshold, the central control unit automatically increases the convex height of the flexible adaptive layer, so that the corrosion medium shear stress increases by more than 20%, thereby inhibiting the adhesion of corrosion products; The control method realizes self-adaptation in all working conditions through a "perception-analysis-regulation" closed loop, Kalman filtering effectively filters out pipeline vibration and other noises (error is reduced to ±0.5%), and an AI-CFD coupling algorithm quickly solves the flow field parameters (calculation time is less than 0.1s). For example, when the hydraulic efficiency η is less than 85%, the algorithm outputs the optimal convex height distribution ΔR, drives the layer to adjust the flexible self-adaptive layer to make η rise again, and when the corrosion potential E exceeds the limit, the convex height is increased to enhance the shear force, and the deposition of corrosion products is inhibited. The actual measurement shows that the efficiency fluctuation of the flow passage during continuous operation can be controlled within ±5%, and the maintenance period is extended to more than twice that of the traditional method.

[0018] The bionic anti-corrosion and anti-cracking fluid sensing self-regulating structure of the fire pump station flow passage has the following beneficial effects: (1) The sensor matrix is used to collect fluid parameters in real time, and the AI-CFD coupling algorithm of the central control unit is used to drive the shape memory alloy spring and the micro hydraulic driver to dynamically adjust the surface topography and cross-sectional area of the flexible self-adaptive layer. For example, during the high flow period of the rain season, the cross-sectional area of the flow passage can be expanded by 15%-20% to avoid pressure loss caused by excessive flow rate. During the low flow period of the dry season, the contraction cross section can inhibit vortex flow, and the hydraulic efficiency can be improved from 65%-70% to more than 85%, solving the core problem that the fixed flow passage is difficult to adapt to the working condition fluctuation; (2) The bionic drag reduction layer of the straight line part adopts shark scale microstructure, and when the flow rate is greater than or equal to 2m / s, the resistance coefficient along the flow path is reduced by 15%-25%. The flexible self-adaptive layer at the curved part and the variable diameter part disturbs the turbulent flow by using the bionic sucker-shaped micrometer-level concave-convex column array, cooperates with the deformable wing to guide the fluid direction, and reduces the local resistance loss by 30%. When the sensor predicts that the cavitation index is greater than 0.7, the driving layer adjusts the cross-sectional area of the flow passage within 0.5s, and the cavitation occurrence rate is reduced by more than 70%, avoiding the cracking of the flow passage due to cavitation; (3) The concave-convex column of the flexible self-adaptive layer is embedded with an electrochemical corrosion monitoring electrode to collect the corrosion potential in real time. When the corrosion potential is detected to exceed the limit, the central control unit automatically increases the convex height, so that the shear stress of the corrosion medium is increased by more than 20%, the corrosion product is inhibited, the bionic drag reduction layer and the flexible self-adaptive layer are made of corrosion-resistant materials (such as carbon fiber-epoxy resin composite materials), and the dynamic adjustment reduces the direct erosion of the fluid. The corrosion rate of the flow passage is reduced by 60%, and the maintenance period is extended; (Four) The sensor matrix covers pressure, flow rate, temperature and ultrasonic detection, comprehensively senses the flow field at a sampling frequency of 100 Hz, the central control unit removes noise through Kalman filtering, combines with the CFD-ANN model to predict the flow field change, forms a closed loop control of "perception-analysis-regulation", and ensures stable operation of the regulation mechanism under extreme conditions (such as -20 DEG C to 120 DEG C) through the shape memory alloy spring (response time < 0.3 s) and the UPS uninterruptible power supply, and the failure rate of the flow channel system is reduced from 15% of the traditional to below 3%; (Five) The sensor cable is collected to a waterproof junction box, supports dismounting and replacing without stopping water, the central control unit adopts "on-site-remote" dual mode control, is redundantly backed up through the fiber ring network and the pump station main control room, a single point failure does not affect the overall operation, the bionic drag reduction layer and the flexible adaptive layer are laid in a modular manner, can be replaced individually when locally damaged, the maintenance cost is reduced by 50%, and is suitable for flow channel transformation of fire pump stations of different specifications; (Six) The flow channel structure can operate in a wide temperature range of -60 DEG C to 300 DEG C, the synergistic design of shark scales and bionic suction disc structure enhances the impact resistance, can cope with extreme environments such as floods and low temperature freezing, in the event of earthquakes and other emergencies, the elastic deformation of the flexible adaptive layer can absorb impact energy, the integrity retention rate of the flow channel structure is improved by 80%, and the continuity of fire water supply is ensured.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following or can be learned by practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flow channel body of the application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal wall structure of the curved part of the flow channel body of the application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flow channel outlet and the reducing part of the application.

[0021] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1, flow channel body; 2, flow channel inlet; 3, flow channel outlet; 4, reducing part; 5, curved part; 6, bionic drag reduction layer; 7, flexible adaptive layer; 8, sensor matrix. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Embodiments of the application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar symbols represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary, only for explaining the application, and cannot be understood as limiting the application.

[0023] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally lower than the second feature.

[0024] Referring to Figures 1-4 A specific embodiment of a bionic corrosion-resistant and crack-resistant fluid sensing self-regulating structure of a fire pump station flow channel is as follows: The structure, through the three-layer collaborative design of "bionic drag reduction layer + flexible self-adaptive layer + intelligent sensing and regulation system", realizes the dynamic optimization of the whole flow field in view of the problems of low hydraulic efficiency, serious cavitation and fast corrosion rate of the fire pump station flow channel under complex working conditions; The flow channel body 1 is poured with C30 reinforced concrete, including a straight section, a curved section 5, a variable diameter section 4, and a flow channel inlet 2 and a flow channel outlet 3. The bionic drag reduction layer 6 and the flexible self-adaptive layer 7 are laid in each key area to form an integrated system of "straight section drag reduction - complex area disturbance resistance - whole domain intelligent regulation"; The bionic drag reduction layer 6 reduces the frictional resistance by adjusting the dynamic angle of the shark scale microstructure and using the boundary layer separation effect; The flexible self-adaptive layer 7 suppresses the vortex and cavitation in the curved section and the variable diameter section by changing the shape of the bionic sucker-shaped concave-convex column array; The sensor matrix 8 and the central control unit form a closed loop to sense the flow field parameters in real time at a frequency of 100 Hz, and the driving layer (shape memory alloy spring + micro hydraulic driver) completes the flow channel topography adjustment within 0.5 s to realize the instantaneous response of "sensing - analysis - regulation".

[0025] Specifically, the bionic drag reduction layer 6 is the efficient drag reduction core of the straight section of the flow channel body 1 Shark scale microstructure: The Ni-Ti shape memory alloy is rolled into a corrugated sheet, covering the entire inner wall of the straight section of the flow channel. The scale surface is processed with V-shaped microgrooves (groove width 1 mm, depth 0.4 mm, period 1.5 mm) by laser engraving. A 0.1 mm thick temperature-sensitive poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide (PNIPAM) coating is sprayed in the grooves, which is hydrophilic and reduces resistance at low temperature (<30℃), and is hydrophobic and prevents scale at high temperature (>30℃); Each row of scales is driven to rotate by a micro servo motor (model 28BYJ-48, power 3W, step angle 5.625° / 64), the angle adjustment range is 0°-30° (accuracy ±0.5°), the response time is <0.3s, when the flow rate is ≥2m / s, the scales automatically rotate to 15°, guiding the fluid to form an orderly vortex, the along-path resistance coefficient is reduced from the traditional 0.028 to 0.018; when the flow rate is <1m / s, it is reset to 0° to avoid excessive disturbance; The scale base is fixed to the pre-set stainless steel embedded part in the inner wall of the flow passage by M6 expansion bolts, a 0.5mm thick silica gel pad is installed between the base and the scales to buffer vibration, and the overall impact strength is ≥10MPa, which can withstand the impact of fluid at a flow rate of 5m / s.

[0026] Specifically, the flexible adaptive layer 7 is the anti-disturbance core of the non-linear part of the flow passage body Bionic suction disc-shaped concave-convex column array: The carbon fiber-epoxy resin composite material is molded to cover the inner walls of the curved part 5, the flow passage inlet 2, the flow passage outlet 3 and the variable diameter part 4, the column diameter in the array is 35μm, the height is 45μm, the center distance is 60μm, and the array is distributed in a regular hexagonal shape, the single column compression strength is ≥50MPa, and it can withstand 1.5MPa fluid pressure without deformation; The Pt-Ir alloy electrochemical corrosion monitoring electrode (diameter 5μm) is embedded in the column, connected to the central control unit through a wire, and real-time acquisition of corrosion potential (accuracy ±1mV) is realized, when the detected potential is >-300mV (indicating corrosion risk), the column height automatically increases by 20%, and the fluid shear stress is increased to strip the corrosion products; Further, a group of driving units is embedded in the flexible adaptive layer every 100mm along the flow passage axis, each group containing: Shape memory alloy spring (diameter 2mm, free length 20mm, phase transition temperature -20℃~120℃): when heated (power 5W), it shrinks to 18mm within 10s, and restores within 3s after power-off, driving the concave-convex column array to protrude as a whole; Micro hydraulic driver (cylinder diameter 8mm, stroke 5mm, working pressure 10MPa): driving local column to rise and fall individually through hydraulic oil (viscosity 46cSt), accuracy ±0.1mm, used for targeted suppression of vortex.

[0027] Specifically, the sensor matrix 8 is a global flow field sensing network Pressure sensor: MEMS piezoresistive sensor (model MS5803-14BA) is used, with accuracy ±0.1kPa and response time 10ms, and the surface is covered with 0.3mm polyether ether ketone protective film, and the distribution is: One is arranged every 5° central angle (a total of 18) on the inner wall of the curved part 5, monitoring the local pressure gradient; A circle of 20 pressure sensors (interval 50 mm) is arranged on the front and back end surfaces of the variable diameter part 4 to capture the pressure fluctuations at the cross-section mutation; Four pressure sensors are evenly distributed around the inlet 2 and outlet 3 of the flow channel to monitor the overall pressure level.

[0028] Flow rate sensor: A hot film sensor (model FS3000) with a measurement range of 0-10 m / s, an accuracy of ±0.05 m / s, and a response time of <50 ms is arranged along the axial center line of the flow channel at a distance of 1 m, with an additional sensor 5 mm in front of the pump impeller to provide real-time feedback on the boundary layer flow rate distribution. Ultrasonic sensor: An external clamping magnetic attraction sensor (model TUD-2000) with a frequency of 5 MHz and a pulse period of 2 s can detect wall thickness thinning or cavitation bubble groups ≥0.1 mm. It is arranged on the outer back side of the curved part (one every 200 mm), the corresponding wall surface of the pump blade suction surface (interval 100 mm), and the tapered surface of the variable diameter part (three along the generatrix). It is tightly attached to the outer wall through a coupling agent (thermal conductivity ≥0.8 W / (m・K)) to ensure that the signal attenuation is ≤10%. All sensor cables are connected to a waterproof junction box (IP68 protection) at the top of the flow channel, and are connected to the central control unit through shielded twisted pair lines (anti-interference level 100 V / m) with a transmission rate of 1 Mbps and a delay of <10 ms.

[0029] Further, the variable diameter part 4 is equipped with deformable wings for smooth transition of the flow field. Six wings made of carbon fiber-epoxy resin composite material are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the variable diameter part, and are driven to rotate by a micro servo motor. The angle adjustment range is 0°-45° (accuracy ±0.5°), and the response time is <0.5 s. A 0.5 mm thick silicone layer is pasted on the surface of the wing, and the edge is rounded with a radius of 2 mm to avoid vortex caused by fluid impact. When the flow rate is high (>3 m 3 / s), the wing angle is adjusted to 15° to guide the diffusion of fluid (local resistance coefficient reduced by 30%); when the flow rate is low (<1 m 3 / s), it is adjusted to 30° to suppress backflow in the contraction flow channel.

[0030] Specifically, the central control unit is the core of intelligent decision-making The hardware uses an industrial-grade embedded controller (model IPC-610L, Intel Core i7 processor, 8 GB memory), which is installed in a standard cabinet (integrated 10 kVA UPS uninterruptible power supply and lightning protection module) in the pump station control room. A waterproof electric control box is set up on the maintenance platform at the top of the flow channel as a backup control node, and a fiber ring network (transmission rate 100 Mbps) is used to realize "on-site-remote" dual-mode redundant control. Software built-in Kalman filter coupled with AI-CFD algorithm: Kalman filter denoising sensor data (error reduced to ±0.5%); AI-CFD coupling algorithm fuses deep neural network (input layer 128 nodes) and Reynolds time-averaged equation to predict hydraulic efficiency η and cavitation index C calculation time <0.1s; When η <85% or C>0.7, automatically generate control instructions (wing angle, scale angle, cylinder height adjustment parameters), drive layer feedback after execution, form a closed-loop control.

[0031] Specifically, the dynamic adjustment process and working condition response are as follows: a, heavy rain season high flow condition (flow rate 4 m / s, flow rate 5 m 3 / s) Sensing stage: flow rate sensor detects sudden increase in flow rate, pressure sensor feedback shows that the pressure loss of the straight section increases by 20%, and the central control unit determines that the hydraulic efficiency η decreases to 72%; Adjustment stage: Bionic drag reduction layer 6: servo motor drives scale to rotate to 20°, V-shaped groove guides fluid to form an ordered boundary layer, and the resistance coefficient along the way decreases from 0.028 to 0.018; Variable diameter wing: angle adjusted to 15°, effective flow cross section expanded by 18%, local pressure loss reduced by 35%; Flexible adaptive layer 7: micro-hydraulic driver reduces concave-convex column height to 30μm, reducing flow passage obstruction; Effect: hydraulic efficiency rises to 88% within 5s, energy consumption reduced by 15%.

[0032] b, low flow condition in dry season (flow rate 0.8 m / s, flow rate 0.8 m 3 / s) Sensing stage: ultrasonic sensor detects vortex (frequency 2Hz) in the curved section, pressure sensor captures local low pressure area (pressure <0.1MPa), cavitation index C rises to 0.85; Adjustment stage: Flexible adaptive layer 7: shape memory alloy spring is energized to contract, concave-convex column height increases to 60μm, forming a micro-convex disturbance to disrupt the vortex, while the column spacing is reduced to 40μm, enhancing the shear force; Variable diameter wing: angle adjusted to 30°, contraction of flow passage cross section suppresses backflow, vortex intensity reduced by 60%; Bionic drag reduction layer 6: scale reset to 0° to avoid excessive disturbance; Effect: cavitation index C decreases to 0.6 within 3s, vortex disappears, flow passage vibration noise decreases from 75dB to 60dB.

[0033] c. Corrosion risk response (corrosion potential >-300mV detected) Perception stage: bumpy column inner electrode feedback corrosion potential anomaly-280mV, determine the risk of microbial attachment exists; Adjustment stage: Flexible adaptive layer 7: micro-hydraulic driver drives column high-frequency micro-vibration (amplitude ±0.5mm, frequency 5Hz), while the column height increases by 20%, and the fluid shear stress increases by 25%; The central control unit is linked to open the flow channel side wall flushing hole (diameter 20mm), and injects 0.1% sodium hypochlorite solution (flow rate 0.1m 3 / h) for 10min; Effect: corrosion potential decreased to-350mV within 20min, and corrosion rate decreased from 0.2mm / year to 0.07mm / year.

[0034] In one specific application example, the application test of a certain city fire pump station (design flow 5m 3 / s) shows that: Hydraulic efficiency: improved from 68% of traditional flow channel to 86%, saving 125,000 degrees of electricity per year; Cavitation resistance: cavitation occurrence rate of curved part decreased from 15% to 3%, and flow channel service life extended to 20 years (traditional 10 years); Corrosion resistance: corrosion rate decreased from 0.2mm / year to 0.07mm / year, and maintenance cost decreased by 60%; Working condition adaptability: when flow fluctuates between 0.5-5m 3 / s, efficiency fluctuation ≤±3%, much better than traditional flow channel's ±10%.

[0035] In summary, through the deep integration of bionic design and intelligent control, the core technical pain points of fire pump station flow channel are comprehensively solved, and a reliable solution is provided for efficient, safe and long-term operation under complex working conditions.

[0036] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A biomimetic, corrosion-resistant, crack-resistant, fluid-sensing self-adjusting structure for a fire pump station flow channel, comprising a flow channel body (1) having a straight section and a curved section (5), and a flow channel inlet (2) and a flow channel outlet (3) located at opposite ends of the flow channel body (1), wherein a diameter change point (4) is provided between the flow channel outlet (3) and the flow channel body (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A biomimetic drag-reducing layer (6) is laid on the inner wall of the straight section of the flow channel body (1). A flexible adaptive layer (7) is laid on the inner wall of the flow channel inlet (2), flow channel outlet (3) and bend (5), and the flexible adaptive layer (7) is connected to the adjacent biomimetic drag reduction layer (6). Sensor matrices (8) distributed on the inner walls of the bend (5), the diameter change (4), the inlet (2) and the outlet (3) of the flow channel are used to collect various parameters in the flow channel body (1) in real time. The driving layer embedded in the flexible adaptive layer (7) includes a shape memory alloy spring and a micro hydraulic actuator, which are used to adjust the surface morphology and flow channel cross-sectional area of ​​the flexible adaptive layer (7) according to the feedback signal of the sensor matrix (8). And a central control unit, used to process the data of the sensor matrix (8) and generate control commands to control the drive layer in a closed-loop manner.

2. The biomimetic anti-corrosion and crack-resistant fluid-sensing self-adjusting structure for a fire pump station flow channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the biomimetic drag reduction layer (6) is a shark scale microstructure, and the shark scale is driven to change angle by a micro servo motor.

3. The biomimetic anti-corrosion and crack-resistant fluid-sensing self-adjusting structure for a fire pump station flow channel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microstructure of shark scales includes an array of biomimetic shark scales, and the surface of the shark scales has longitudinal ribs and forms micro-grooves.

4. The biomimetic anti-corrosion and crack-resistant fluid-sensing self-adjusting structure for a fire pump station flow channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible adaptive layer (7) has a biomimetic suction cup-shaped micron-scale concave-convex column array on the fluid-facing side.

5. The biomimetic anti-corrosion and crack-resistant fluid-sensing self-adjusting structure for a fire pump station flow channel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The micron-scale concave-convex column array has a column diameter of 20–50 μm, a height of 30–60 μm, a center-to-center distance between columns of 40–80 μm, and an electrochemical corrosion monitoring electrode embedded inside the column.

6. The biomimetic anti-corrosion and crack-resistant fluid-sensing self-adjusting structure for a fire pump station flow channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape memory alloy spring is made of Ni-Ti alloy, with a phase transformation temperature range of -20℃ to 120℃, an electric heating response time of <0.3s, and a maximum deformation of ±2mm.

7. The biomimetic corrosion-resistant and crack-resistant fluid-sensing self-adjusting structure for a fire pump station flow channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor matrix (8) includes pressure sensors, flow rate sensors and ultrasonic sensors, and the sensors are connected to the central control unit via shielded cables.

8. The biomimetic anti-corrosion and crack-resistant fluid-sensing self-adjusting structure for a fire pump station flow channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control unit receives data from the sensor matrix (8) and predicts the cavitation risk using a CFD-ANN hybrid model. When the predicted cavitation index is >0.7, the drive layer adjusts the flow channel cross section to suppress cavitation.

9. The biomimetic corrosion-resistant and crack-resistant fluid-sensing self-adjusting structure for a fire pump station flow channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the variable diameter section (4) is provided with an angle-adjustable deformable wing, and the angle adjustment range is 0° to 45°.

10. A biomimetic, corrosion-resistant, crack-resistant, fluid-sensing self-adjusting structure for a fire pump station flow channel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The deformable airfoil is made of carbon fiber-epoxy resin composite material and driven by a micro motor, with an angle adjustment accuracy of ±0.5°.

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