Oil-gas-water-sand multiphase measurement combined experiment system and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil-gas-water-sand multi-phase measurement combined experiment system which comprises a gas path pressurization heating measurement unit, a water path pressurization measurement unit, an oil path pressurization heating measurement unit and a solid-phase path particle feeding control unit which are arranged in parallel, and an outlet of the gas path pressurization heating measurement unit is connected with a gas phase inlet of a mixer; an outlet of the solid-phase path particle feeding control unit is connected with a solid-phase inlet of the mixer, an outlet of the mixer is connected with an inlet of the experiment section, an outlet of the experiment section is connected with an inlet of the backpressure adjusting section, and an outlet of the backpressure adjusting section is connected with an inlet of the backpressure adjusting section. An outlet of the connecting backpressure adjusting section is connected with an inlet of the split-phase measuring section, the connecting backpressure adjusting section comprises two backpressure adjusting valves, and an outlet of the split-phase measuring section is connected with a recovery device. The invention further discloses a working method of the experimental system. According to the experiment system and the working method, the problems that an existing multiphase flow experiment system is limited in application range and single in function are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of multiphase flow parameter measurement methods, specifically relating to a multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand, and also to the working method of the above-mentioned experimental system. Background Technology

[0002] Multiphase flow phenomena are widespread in production and daily life, including fields such as petroleum, chemical engineering, bioengineering, and aerospace. The flow process of multiphase flow is complex, exhibiting different flow patterns and regimes under different combinations of components and flow parameters. These differences in flow pattern / regime, medium composition, and flow parameter combinations result in significant variations in flow resistance, pressure fluctuations, and fluid-structure interaction. Furthermore, the uncertainty of multiphase measurements increases in different types of pipes and separators. Therefore, accurate measurement of the coupling characteristics between multiphase flow and walls is of great significance for multiphase flow research and theoretical development.

[0003] Separators are crucial equipment for gas-liquid-solid multiphase separation, and understanding their separation mechanism and performance is essential for their design and optimization. However, the presence of solid particles causes significant wall wear on the separator, posing a considerable risk to its safe operation. Therefore, a detailed investigation of these two aspects of separators is necessary. Furthermore, oilfield pipelines accumulate substantial amounts of sand and silt over long periods of use. Exploring methods for physical flushing to prevent and remove silt is of great importance for oilfield pipeline maintenance.

[0004] The existing experimental systems have limited application scope, single testing function, and imperfect conditions. They are often only applicable to one type of experiment and cannot be used for multiphase flow research in various situations. They cannot analyze dredging experiments of pipes with different morphologies and cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of the above experiments. In addition, the accuracy of the measurement precision of the existing experimental systems is also difficult to guarantee. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand, which solves the problems of limited application scope and single function of existing multiphase flow experimental systems.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a working method for the above-mentioned experimental system, which can accurately conduct experimental research on the separation characteristics and erosion laws of multiple types of separators under multiple media conditions, and accurately analyze the dredging experiments of pipelines with different morphologies.

[0007] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is: an oil-gas-water-sand multiphase measurement combined experimental system, comprising a gas path pressurization and heating measurement unit, a water path pressurization and heating measurement unit, an oil path pressurization and heating measurement unit, and a solid phase particle feeding control unit arranged in parallel. The outlet of the gas path pressurization and heating measurement unit is connected to the gas phase inlet of the mixer; the outlet of the water path pressurization and heating measurement unit is connected to the water phase inlet of the mixer; the outlet of the oil path pressurization and heating measurement unit is connected to the oil phase inlet of the mixer; the outlet of the solid phase particle feeding control unit is connected to the solid phase inlet of the mixer; the outlet of the mixer is connected to the inlet of the experimental section; the outlet of the experimental section is connected to the inlet of the back pressure regulating section; the outlet of the back pressure regulating section is connected to the inlet of the phase separation measurement section; the back pressure regulating section includes two back pressure regulating valves; and the outlet of the phase separation measurement section is connected to a recovery device.

[0008] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is further characterized by,

[0009] Preferably, the experimental section is equipped with a pressure differential sensor, the experimental system is a transparent structure, and several high-speed cameras, particle imaging velocimeters, ultrasonic velocimeters and eddy current non-destructive testing devices are arranged around the experimental system. The pressure differential sensor, high-speed camera, particle imaging velocimeter, ultrasonic velocimeter and eddy current non-destructive testing device are all connected to the data acquisition system.

[0010] Preferably, the gas path pressurization and heating measurement unit consists of a gas compressor, a pressure stabilizing tank, a gas phase flow control valve, a gas flow meter, and a gas heating and insulation device connected in series; the water path pressurization and measurement unit consists of a water tank, a water pump, a water flow control valve, and a water flow meter connected in series; the oil path pressurization and heating measurement unit consists of a heating and insulation oil tank, an oil pump, an oil flow control valve, and an oil flow meter connected in series; the solid phase particle delivery control unit consists of a solid phase particle delivery device, a solid phase particle control valve, and a solid phase particle metering device connected in series; the phase separation measurement section includes two branches, each connected to two back pressure regulating valves. One branch includes a three-way valve, which is connected to a liquid phase collection and measurement device via one branch. The three-way valve is connected in series with a secondary separator, valves, a heat exchanger, and a wet gas flow meter via the other branch. The other branch includes a secondary separator, which is connected to a solid phase collection and measurement device, a liquid phase flow meter, and a recovery device via three branches. All branch outlets of the phase separation measurement section are connected to the corresponding branches of the recovery device and connected to the inlet of the corresponding measurement unit.

[0011] Preferably, the gas phase flow control valve is a needle valve.

[0012] Preferably, the gas flow meter can be selected from any one of the following, depending on the measurement range and accuracy: thermal gas flow meter, orifice plate flow meter, vortex gas flow meter, or mass flow meter.

[0013] Preferably, the gas heating and insulation device and the heating and insulation oil tank are equipped with a feedback control module.

[0014] Preferably, the oil pump, oil flow control valve, and oil flow meter are selected with high temperature resistant structures.

[0015] Preferably, the inlet and outlet of the experimental section are connected by flanges, the secondary separator is a cyclone separator, and the heat exchanger is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0016] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is: the working method of the multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand. Depending on the type of experiment, the experimental system is equipped with a pressure differential sensor, a high-speed camera, a particle imaging velocimeter, an ultrasonic velocimeter, and an eddy current non-destructive testing device to conduct experiments. Specifically, the system operates as follows: the required medium channels and pressurization devices for the four phases (oil, gas, water, and sand) are opened to allow the multiphase medium to enter the experimental section; back pressure is regulated via a back pressure valve; if the experimental medium is a high-temperature fluid, a gas heating and insulation device or a heating and insulation oil tank needs to be activated; after the system stabilizes, pressure, differential pressure, and flow signals are collected in real time and transmitted to the acquisition system.

[0017] Depending on the type of experiment, the experimental setup may vary as follows:

[0018] (1) During the multiphase separation experiment, pressure and differential pressure sensors were used to acquire pressure and differential pressure signals, and high-speed cameras and particle imaging velocimeters were used to characterize the phase interface and flow field characteristics in real time.

[0019] (2) During the separator wall erosion test, a pressure differential sensor was used to obtain pressure and differential pressure signals, a high-speed camera was used to characterize the solid particle distribution in the separator inlet section in real time, and an eddy current non-destructive testing device was used to characterize the wall wear at the corresponding position of the separator in real time.

[0020] (3) During the pipeline dredging experiment, pressure differential sensor was used to obtain pressure and differential pressure signals, high-speed camera was used to characterize the solid phase distribution in the pipeline in real time, and ultrasonic velocimeter was used to characterize the silt thickness at the corresponding location in the pipeline in real time.

[0021] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is further characterized by,

[0022] Preferably, depending on the type of experiment, the specific steps include:

[0023] (1) Experimental Investigation of the Characteristics of Multiphase Separation

[0024] Step 1: Fix the separator under study to the experimental section using a flange, and install a pressure differential sensor at the experimental section as needed during the experiment.

[0025] Step 2: Open all back pressure regulating valves and valves in the phase measurement module, open the required medium supply module, and turn on the return oil pump, return water pump, and other devices to test run the test bench and ensure there are no leaks or safety issues.

[0026] Step 3: Install the high-speed camera and particle imaging velocimeter at the experimental section as required during the experiment, and connect the two devices to the data acquisition system and perform connection debugging to ensure the accuracy of signal acquisition;

[0027] Step 4: Officially start the test bench. When the required oil-gas two-phase fluid is a high-temperature fluid, turn on the heating and heat preservation device in advance, then open the flow regulating valve to make its output flow reach the set value, and adjust the back pressure regulating valve so that the outlet back pressure value is the set value.

[0028] Step 5: Use a phase separation measurement module to measure the separation characteristic parameters of the separator, such as separation efficiency; use a pressure differential sensor with a data acquisition system to record the pressure and differential pressure signals inside the separator; use a high-speed camera and particle imaging velocimeter with an acquisition system to visualize and save the phase interface and flow field characteristics inside the separator.

[0029] (2) Experiment on the erosion corrosion law of separator

[0030] Step 1: Fix the separator under study to the experimental section using a flange, and install a pressure differential sensor at the experimental section as needed during the experiment.

[0031] Step 2: Open all back pressure regulating valves and regulating valves in the phase measurement module, open the required medium supply module, and turn on the oil return pump, water return pump and other recovery devices. Test run the test bench to ensure there are no leaks or other safety issues.

[0032] Step 3: Install a high-speed camera and an eddy current non-destructive testing device at the experimental section as required during the experiment, and connect the two devices to the data acquisition system and perform connection debugging to ensure the accuracy of signal acquisition.

[0033] Step 4: Officially start the test bench. When the required oil-gas two-phase fluid is a high-temperature fluid, turn on the heating and heat preservation device in advance, then open the flow regulating valve to make its output flow reach the set value, and adjust the back pressure regulating valve so that the outlet back pressure value is the set value.

[0034] Step 5: Use a pressure differential sensor with a data acquisition system to record the pressure and differential pressure signals inside the separator; use a high-speed camera with a data acquisition system to visually record the distribution of solid particles at the separator inlet; use an eddy current non-destructive testing device with a data acquisition system to monitor the real-time variation of the separator wall thickness.

[0035] (3) Experiment on the characteristics of pipeline dredging

[0036] Step 1: Fix the pipeline under study to the experimental section using a flange, and install a pressure differential sensor at the experimental section as needed during the experiment.

[0037] Step 2: Open all back pressure regulating valves and valves in the phase measurement module, open the required medium supply module, and turn on the return oil pump, return water pump, and other devices to test run the test bench and ensure there are no leaks or safety issues.

[0038] Step 3: Install a high-speed camera and an ultrasonic velocimeter at the experimental section as required during the experiment, and connect the two devices to the data acquisition system and perform connection debugging to ensure the accuracy of signal acquisition;

[0039] Step 4: Set up different shapes of sludge at different locations in the pipeline in advance, and officially start the test bench. When the required oil-gas two-phase fluid is a high-temperature fluid, turn on the heating and heat preservation device in advance, and then turn on the flow regulating valve to make its output flow reach the set value. Adjust the back pressure regulating valve to make the outlet back pressure the set value.

[0040] Step 5: Use a pressure differential sensor with a data acquisition system to record the pressure and differential pressure signals inside the separator; use a high-speed camera with a data acquisition system to visualize and record the dredging process inside the experimental pipeline; use an ultrasonic velocimeter with a data acquisition system to monitor the changes in sludge thickness in real time during the dredging process.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0042] The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand of the present invention and its working method can accurately conduct experimental research on the separation characteristics and erosion laws of multiple types of separators under multiple media conditions, accurately analyze the dredging experiments of pipelines with different morphologies, and can be applied to the flow measurement of high-temperature fluids, realizing experimental research under the same system under different working media and different flow states.

[0043] This invention discloses a multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand. The phase separation measurement module reflects the separation characteristic parameters of the separator; the pressure differential sensor reflects the pressure and differential pressure fluctuation characteristics at different locations in the separator or pipeline in real time; the high-speed camera visualizes the phase interface characteristics within the transparent structure in real time; the particle imaging velocimeter (PIV) reflects the flow field characteristics within the structure in real time; the ultrasonic velocimeter (UDV) measures the amount of solid phase deposition within the pipeline at specific locations; and the eddy current nondestructive testing device detects the change in wall thickness during separator wall erosion in real time. This system is compact, versatile, and can simultaneously perform multiphase separation, separator wall erosion, and pipeline dredging experiments within a single system. It achieves system integration, improves system reusability, and effectively reduces experimental costs.

[0044] The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand disclosed in this invention has a heat preservation function for both the gas phase and oil phase heating devices, that is, a temperature regulation feedback function, which ensures that the temperature of the outflowing gas phase and oil phase is relatively stable.

[0045] The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand disclosed in this invention uses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the phase separation measurement section, which is simple to operate and maintain and has high heat exchange efficiency.

[0046] The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand disclosed in this invention uses a cyclone separator in the phase separation measurement section. In addition to the cyclone separation function, it also has the function of gravity separation. At the same time, a certain liquid level is maintained in the separator to ensure the completeness of separation.

[0047] The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand disclosed in this invention has adjustable ranges for gas, water, oil, and solid phase flow meters, enabling more accurate measurement of inlet multi-media flow.

[0048] The working method of the multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water and sand disclosed in this invention has a high degree of integration. It can accurately carry out multiphase separation experiments, separator wall erosion corrosion experiments, and pipeline dredging experiments. It can also be applied to experimental research on high-temperature fluids, effectively expanding the usability of the experimental platform. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the separator experimental system of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a summary diagram of the system experimental approach of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid interface within the separator using a high-speed camera, as shown in the system of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure loss before and after fluid separation in the system of the present invention.

[0053] In the diagram: 1. Gas compressor, 2. Pressure stabilizing tank, 3. Gas flow control valve, 4. Gas flow meter, 5. Gas heating and insulation device, 6. Water tank, 7. Water pump, 8. Water flow control valve, 9. Water flow meter, 10. Heating and insulation oil tank, 11. Oil pump, 12. Oil flow control valve, 13. Oil flow meter, 14. Solid particle feeding device, 15. Solid particle control valve, 16. Solid particle metering device, 17. Mixer, 18. Experimental section, 19. Back pressure regulating valve, 20. Three-way valve, 21. Secondary separator, 22. Valve, 23. Heat exchanger 24. Liquid phase collection and measurement device; 25. Wet gas flow meter; 26. Solid phase collection and measurement device; 27. Liquid phase flow meter; 28. Return water pump; 29. ​​Return oil pump; 30. Gas path pressurization and heating measurement unit; 31. Water path pressurization and measurement unit; 32. Oil path pressurization and heating measurement unit; 33. Solid phase particle release control unit; 34. Back pressure adjustment section; 35. Phase separation measurement section; 36. Recovery device; 37. Pressure differential sensor; 38. High-speed camera; 39. Particle imaging velocimeter; 40. Ultrasonic velocimeter; 41. Eddy current non-destructive testing device. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0055] This invention provides a combined experimental system for measuring the multiphase components of oil, gas, water, and sand, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a gas compressor 1, a pressure stabilizing tank 2, a gas flow control valve 3, a gas flow meter 4, a gas heating and insulation device 5, a water tank 6, a water pump 7, a water flow control valve 8, a water flow meter 9, a heating and insulation oil tank 10, an oil pump 11, an oil flow control valve 12, an oil flow meter 13, a solid particle feeding device 14, a solid particle control valve 15, a solid particle metering device 16, a mixer 17, an experimental section 18, a back pressure regulating valve 19, a three-way valve 20, a secondary separator 21, a valve 22, and a heat exchanger 23. Liquid phase collection and measurement device 24, wet gas flow meter 25, solid phase collection and measurement device 26, liquid phase flow meter 27, return water pump 28 and return oil pump 29, gas path pressurization and heating measurement unit 30, water path pressurization and heating measurement unit 31, oil path pressurization and heating measurement unit 32, solid phase path particle release control unit 33, back pressure adjustment section 34, phase separation measurement section 35, recovery device 36, pressure differential sensor 37, high-speed camera 38, particle imaging velocimeter 39, ultrasonic velocimeter 40, eddy current non-destructive testing device 41.

[0056] The system includes a gas-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 30, a water-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 31, an oil-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 32, and a solid-phase particle delivery control unit 33, all connected in parallel. The outlet of the gas-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 30 is connected to the gas phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the water-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 31 is connected to the water phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the oil-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 32 is connected to the oil phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the solid-phase particle delivery control unit 33 is connected to the solid phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the mixer 17 is connected to the inlet of the experimental section 18. The outlet of the experimental section 18 is connected to the inlet of the back pressure regulating section 34. The outlet of the back pressure regulating section 34 is connected to the inlet of the phase separation measurement section 35. The back pressure regulating section 34 includes two back pressure regulating valves 19. The outlet of the phase separation measurement section 35 is connected to the recovery device 36.

[0057] The gas-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit consists of a gas compressor 1, a pressure stabilizing tank 2, a gas phase flow control valve 3, a gas flow meter 4, and a gas heating and insulation device 5. These five parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the gas phase inlet of the mixing section. The water-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit consists of a water tank 6, a water pump 7, a water flow control valve 8, and a water flow meter 9. These four parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the water phase inlet of the mixing section. The oil-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit consists of a heating and insulation oil tank 10, an oil pump 11, an oil flow control valve 12, and an oil flow meter 13. These four parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the oil phase inlet of the mixing section. The solid-phase particle feeding control unit consists of a solid-phase particle feeding device 14, a solid-phase particle control valve 15, and a solid-phase particle metering device 16. These three parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the mixing section. The solid phase inlet of the combined section; the inlet and outlet of the experimental section 18 are respectively connected to the flow stabilization section and the back pressure regulating section 34 via flanges; the phase separation measurement section 35 includes two branches, which are respectively connected to two back pressure regulating valves 19. One branch includes a three-way valve 20, which is connected to a liquid phase collection and measurement device 24 via one branch. The three-way valve 20 is connected in series with a secondary separator 21, a valve 22, a heat exchanger 23, and a wet gas flow meter 25 via another branch. The other branch includes a secondary separator 21, which is connected to a solid phase collection and measurement device 26, a liquid phase flow meter 27, and a recovery device 36 via three branches. The outlets of all branches of the phase separation measurement section 35 are connected to the corresponding branches of the recovery device 36 and connected to the inlet of the corresponding measurement unit.

[0058] Experimental section 18 is equipped with a pressure differential sensor 37. The experimental system is a transparent structure. Several high-speed cameras 38, particle imaging velocimeters 39, ultrasonic velocimeters 40, and eddy current non-destructive testing devices 41 are set up around the experimental system. The pressure differential sensor 37, high-speed cameras 38, particle imaging velocimeters 39, ultrasonic velocimeters 40, and eddy current non-destructive testing devices 41 are all connected to the data acquisition system.

[0059] Preferably, the gas phase flow control valve 3 is a needle valve.

[0060] Preferably, the gas flow meter 4 can be selected from any one of the following, depending on the measurement range and accuracy: thermal gas flow meter, orifice plate flow meter, vortex gas flow meter, or mass flow meter.

[0061] Preferably, the gas heating and insulation device 5 includes a feedback control module.

[0062] Preferably, the heating and insulation oil tank 10 includes a PID feedback regulation control module.

[0063] Preferably, the secondary separator 21 is a cyclone separator.

[0064] Preferably, heat exchanger 23 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0065] Preferably, the flow ranges of the gas flow meter 4, water flow meter 9, oil flow meter 13, solid particle metering device 16, and wet gas flow meter 25 are adjustable.

[0066] Preferably, the oil pump 11, oil flow control valve 12, and oil flow meter 13 are selected to have high temperature resistant structures.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the parameter measurement methods of the multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water and sand of the present invention are analyzed, including the types of experiments that this experimental platform can carry, such as multiphase separation experiments, separator wall erosion experiments and phase separation measurements, pressure differential sensors, high-speed cameras, particle imaging velocimeters (PIV), ultrasonic velocimeters (UDV) and eddy current non-destructive testing.

[0068] The working method of the above-mentioned multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand varies depending on the type of experiment. The experimental system is equipped with a pressure differential sensor 37, a high-speed camera 38, a particle imaging velocimeter 39, an ultrasonic velocimeter 40, and an eddy current non-destructive testing device 41 to conduct experiments. The specific operation is as follows: the required medium channels and pressurization devices in the four channels of oil, gas, water, and sand are opened to allow the multiphase medium to enter the experimental section 18; the back pressure is adjusted by the back pressure regulating valve 19; if the experimental medium is a high-temperature fluid, the gas heating and insulation device 5 or the heating and insulation oil tank 10 needs to be turned on; after the system stabilizes, the pressure, pressure differential, and flow signals are collected in real time and transmitted to the acquisition system.

[0069] Depending on the type of experiment, the experimental setup may vary as follows:

[0070] (1) During the multiphase separation experiment, pressure and differential pressure sensor 37 was used to acquire pressure and differential pressure signals, and high-speed camera 38 and particle imaging velocimeter 39 were used to characterize the phase interface and flow field characteristics in real time.

[0071] (2) During the separator wall erosion test, the pressure and differential pressure sensor 37 is used to obtain pressure and differential pressure signals, the high-speed camera 38 is used to characterize the solid particle distribution in the separator inlet section in real time, and the eddy current non-destructive testing device 41 is used to characterize the wall wear at the corresponding position of the separator in real time.

[0072] (3) During the pipeline dredging experiment, pressure differential sensor 37 was used to obtain pressure and differential pressure signals, high-speed camera 38 was used to characterize the solid phase distribution deposited in the pipeline in real time, and ultrasonic velocimeter 40 was used to characterize the silt thickness at the corresponding position in the pipeline in real time.

[0073] Depending on the type of experiment, the following steps are included:

[0074] (1) Experimental Investigation of the Characteristics of Multiphase Separation

[0075] Step 1: Fix the separator under study to the experimental section 18 using a flange, and install the pressure differential sensor 37 at the experimental section 18 as required during the experiment.

[0076] Step 2: Open all back pressure regulating valve 19 and valves in the phase measurement module, open the required medium supply module, and turn on devices such as return oil pump 29 and return water pump 28 to test run the test bench and ensure there are no leaks or safety issues.

[0077] Step 3: Install the high-speed camera 38 and particle imaging velocimeter 39 at experimental section 18 as required during the experiment, and connect the two devices to the data acquisition system and perform connection debugging to ensure the accuracy of signal acquisition;

[0078] Step 4: Officially start the test bench. When the required oil-gas two-phase fluid is a high-temperature fluid, turn on the heating and heat preservation device in advance, and then open the flow regulating valve to make its output flow reach the set value. Adjust the back pressure regulating valve 19 so that the outlet back pressure value is the set value.

[0079] Step 5: Use the phase separation measurement module to measure the separation characteristic parameters of the separator, such as separation efficiency; use the pressure differential sensor 37 with the data acquisition system to record the pressure and differential pressure signals inside the separator; use the high-speed camera 38 and the particle imaging velocimeter 39 with the acquisition system to visualize and save the phase interface and flow field characteristics inside the separator.

[0080] (2) Experiment on the erosion corrosion law of separator

[0081] Step 1: Fix the separator under study to the experimental section 18 using a flange, and install the pressure differential sensor 37 at the experimental section 18 as required during the experiment.

[0082] Step 2: Open all back pressure regulating valves 19 and regulating valves in the phase measurement module, open the required medium supply module, and turn on recovery devices such as oil return pump 29 and water return pump 28. Test run the test bench to ensure there are no leaks or other safety issues.

[0083] Step 3: Install the high-speed camera 38 and the eddy current non-destructive testing device 41 at the experimental section 18 as required during the experiment, and connect the two devices to the data acquisition system and perform connection debugging to ensure the accuracy of signal acquisition.

[0084] Step 4: Officially start the test bench. When the required oil-gas two-phase fluid is a high-temperature fluid, turn on the heating and heat preservation device in advance, and then open the flow regulating valve to make its output flow reach the set value. Adjust the back pressure regulating valve 19 so that the outlet back pressure value is the set value.

[0085] Step 5: Use pressure differential sensor 37 with data acquisition system to record pressure and differential pressure signals inside the separator; use high-speed camera 38 with data acquisition system to visualize and record solid particle distribution at the separator inlet; use eddy current non-destructive testing device 41 with data acquisition system to monitor the separator wall thickness variation in real time.

[0086] (3) Experiment on the characteristics of pipeline dredging

[0087] Step 1: Fix the pipe under study to the experimental section 18 using a flange, and install the pressure differential sensor 37 at the experimental section 18 as required during the experiment.

[0088] Step 2: Open all back pressure regulating valve 19 and valves in the phase measurement module, open the required medium supply module, and turn on devices such as return oil pump 29 and return water pump 28 to test run the test bench and ensure there are no leaks or safety issues.

[0089] Step 3: Install the high-speed camera 38 and the ultrasonic velocimeter 40 at experimental section 18 as required during the experiment, and connect the two devices to the data acquisition system and perform connection debugging to ensure the accuracy of signal acquisition;

[0090] Step 4: Set up different shapes of sludge at different locations in the pipeline in advance, and officially start the test bench. When the required oil-gas two-phase fluid is a high-temperature fluid, turn on the heating and heat preservation device in advance, and then turn on the flow regulating valve to make its output flow reach the set value. Adjust the back pressure regulating valve 19 to make the outlet back pressure the set value.

[0091] Step 5: Use pressure differential sensor 37 with data acquisition system to record the pressure and differential pressure signals in the separator; use high-speed camera 38 with data acquisition system to visualize and record the dredging process in the experimental pipeline; use ultrasonic velocimeter 40 with data acquisition system to monitor the change in sludge thickness in real time during the dredging process.

[0092] The present invention will be further illustrated below through examples and experimental verification data.

[0093] Example 1

[0094] The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand includes a gas path pressurization and heating measurement unit 30, a water path pressurization and heating measurement unit 31, an oil path pressurization and heating measurement unit 32, a solid phase particle feeding control unit 33, a mixer 17, a flow stabilization section, an experimental section 18, a back pressure regulating valve 19, a phase separation measurement section 35, a pressure / differential pressure sensor 37, a high-speed camera 38, a particle imaging velocimeter 39 (PIV), an ultrasonic velocimeter 40 (UDV), and an eddy current non-destructive testing device 41.

[0095] The outlet of the gas-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit 30 is connected to the inlet of the mixer 17 via an insulated pipe; the outlet of the water-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit 31 is connected to the inlet of the mixer 17 via a pipe; the outlet of the oil-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit 32 is connected to the inlet of the mixer 17 via an insulated pipe; the outlet of the solid phase particle feeding control unit 33 is connected to the inlet of the mixer 17 via a pipe; the outlet of the mixer 17 is connected to the inlet of the flow stabilization section; the outlet of the flow stabilization section is connected to the inlet of the experimental section 18; the outlet of the experimental section 18 is connected to the inlet of the back pressure regulating section 34; the outlet of the back pressure regulating section 34 is connected to the inlet of the phase separation measurement section 35; and the outlet of the phase separation measurement section 35 is connected to the inlets of each unit to achieve a closed loop of the entire system; the pressure differential sensor 37 is arranged at the corresponding experimental position; the high-speed camera 38, particle imaging velocimeter 39 (PIV), ultrasonic velocimeter 40 (UDV), and eddy current non-destructive testing device 41 are arranged around the experimental apparatus required for measurement according to the usage requirements.

[0096] The gas circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit 30 consists of a gas compressor 1, a pressure stabilizing tank 2, a gas phase flow control valve 3, a gas flow meter 4, and a gas heating and insulation device 5.

[0097] The gas phase flow control valve 3 is a needle valve.

[0098] The flow meter is a thermal gas flow meter.

[0099] The gas heating and heat preservation device 5 contains a feedback control module, which can realize the functions of heating and heat preservation.

[0100] The water pressure boosting and measuring unit 31 consists of a water tank 6, a water pump 7, a water flow control valve 8, a water flow meter 9, and a check valve.

[0101] The water pump outlet is divided into two paths, with the bypass flowing directly into the water tank.

[0102] The oil circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit 32 consists of a heating and heat preservation oil tank 10, an oil pump 11, an oil flow control valve 12, an oil flow meter 13, and a check valve.

[0103] The heating and insulation oil tank 10 contains an oil temperature feedback control module, which can realize the dual functions of heating and insulation.

[0104] Oil pump 11, oil flow control valve 12, oil flow meter 13, and check valve are selected with high temperature resistant structure.

[0105] The stabilization section consists of a horizontal straight pipe to ensure the stability of the multiphase flow entering the experimental section.

[0106] The inlet and outlet of test section 18 are connected by flanges to ensure ease of disassembly of the test section.

[0107] The back pressure regulating valve can be selected from a variety of back pressure valves to achieve precise back pressure adjustment under different ranges.

[0108] The secondary separator 21 in the phase separation measurement section 35 is a cyclone separator with a relatively large volume design. It has a certain gravity separation effect to ensure the completeness of separation.

[0109] Heat exchanger 23 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0110] The range of the wet gas flow meter 25 is adjustable.

[0111] The working method of the above-mentioned multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand disclosed in this invention includes:

[0112] When conducting multiphase separation experiments, it is used in conjunction with a pressure differential sensor 37, a high-speed camera 38, and a particle imaging velocimeter 39 (PIV). The separator under study is connected to the experimental section 18 pipeline, and the pressure differential sensor 37, high-speed camera 38, and particle imaging velocimeter 39 (PIV) are installed. The required medium channels and pressurization devices for the oil, gas, water, and sand channels are opened, allowing the multiphase media to enter the separator. Back pressure is regulated by the back pressure regulating valve 19. If the measured medium is a high-temperature fluid, the heating and heat exchange devices are turned on. After the system stabilizes, the flow rate of each phase is accurately measured using the phase separation measurement section 35. Pressure, pressure differential, and flow signals are collected in real time and transmitted to the acquisition system. The high-speed camera 38 and particle imaging velocimeter 39 (PIV) characterize the phase interface and flow field properties in real time.

[0113] When conducting separator wall erosion experiments, a pressure differential sensor 37, a high-speed camera 38, and an eddy current non-destructive testing device 41 are used in conjunction with the equipment. The separator under study is connected to the experimental section 18 pipeline, and the pressure differential sensor 37, high-speed camera 38, and eddy current non-destructive testing device 41 are installed. The required medium channels and pressurization devices for the oil, gas, water, and sand pathways are turned on. Back pressure is precisely adjusted using back pressure regulating valves 19 with different ranges. After the system stabilizes, the flow rates of each phase after separation are accurately measured using the phase separation measurement section. Pressure, differential pressure, and flow signals are collected in real time and transmitted to the acquisition system. The high-speed camera 38 characterizes the solid particle distribution in the separator inlet section in real time. The eddy current non-destructive testing device 41 characterizes the wall wear at the corresponding location of the separator in real time.

[0114] When conducting pipeline dredging experiments, a pressure differential sensor 37, a high-speed camera 38, and an ultrasonic velocimeter 40 (UDV) are used in conjunction with the system. The experimental pipeline under study is connected to the experimental section 18, and the pressure differential sensor 37, high-speed camera 38, and ultrasonic velocimeter 40 (UDV) are installed. The required medium channel and pressurization device are turned on, and the back pressure at the pipeline outlet is precisely adjusted through the back pressure regulating valve 19. After the system stabilizes, pressure, pressure differential, and flow signals are collected in real time and transmitted to the acquisition system. The high-speed camera 38 characterizes the distribution of the solid phase deposited in the pipeline in real time, and the ultrasonic velocimeter 40 (UDV) characterizes the silt thickness at the corresponding location in real time.

[0115] It also includes the selection of solid particle size: screening and other methods are used to ensure that the solid particle size exhibits a corresponding distribution pattern.

[0116] The pressure differential sensor 37 is connected to the data acquisition card and the regulated power supply. The pressure differential sensor 37 converts the pressure differential characteristics at the corresponding location into an electrical signal. The data acquisition card converts the electrical signal generated by the sensor into a digital signal and transmits it to the computer. The regulated power supply provides power to the pressure differential sensor.

[0117] Example 2

[0118] This invention provides a combined experimental system for measuring the multiphase components of oil, gas, water, and sand, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a gas compressor 1, a pressure stabilizing tank 2, a gas flow control valve 3, a gas flow meter 4, a gas heating and insulation device 5, a water tank 6, a water pump 7, a water flow control valve 8, a water flow meter 9, a heating and insulation oil tank 10, an oil pump 11, an oil flow control valve 12, an oil flow meter 13, a solid particle feeding device 14, a solid particle control valve 15, a solid particle metering device 16, a mixer 17, an experimental section 18, a back pressure regulating valve 19, a three-way valve 20, a secondary separator 21, a valve 22, and a heat exchanger 23. Liquid phase collection and measurement device 24, wet gas flow meter 25, solid phase collection and measurement device 26, liquid phase flow meter 27, return water pump 28 and return oil pump 29, gas path pressurization and heating measurement unit 30, water path pressurization and heating measurement unit 31, oil path pressurization and heating measurement unit 32, solid phase path particle release control unit 33, back pressure adjustment section 34, phase separation measurement section 35, recovery device 36, pressure differential sensor 37, high-speed camera 38, particle imaging velocimeter 39, ultrasonic velocimeter 40, eddy current non-destructive testing device 41.

[0119] The system includes a gas-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 30, a water-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 31, an oil-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 32, and a solid-phase particle delivery control unit 33, all connected in parallel. The outlet of the gas-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 30 is connected to the gas phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the water-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 31 is connected to the water phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the oil-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 32 is connected to the oil phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the solid-phase particle delivery control unit 33 is connected to the solid phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the mixer 17 is connected to the inlet of the experimental section 18. The outlet of the experimental section 18 is connected to the inlet of the back pressure regulating section 34. The outlet of the back pressure regulating section 34 is connected to the inlet of the phase separation measurement section 35. The back pressure regulating section 34 includes two back pressure regulating valves 19. The outlet of the phase separation measurement section 35 is connected to the recovery device 36.

[0120] The gas-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit consists of a gas compressor 1, a pressure stabilizing tank 2, a gas phase flow control valve 3, a gas flow meter 4, and a gas heating and insulation device 5. These five parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the gas phase inlet of the mixing section. The water-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit consists of a water tank 6, a water pump 7, a water flow control valve 8, and a water flow meter 9. These four parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the water phase inlet of the mixing section. The oil-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit consists of a heating and insulation oil tank 10, an oil pump 11, an oil flow control valve 12, and an oil flow meter 13. These four parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the oil phase inlet of the mixing section. The solid-phase particle feeding control unit consists of a solid-phase particle feeding device 14, a solid-phase particle control valve 15, and a solid-phase particle metering device 16. These three parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the mixing section. The solid phase inlet of the combined section; the inlet and outlet of the experimental section 18 are respectively connected to the flow stabilization section and the back pressure regulating section 34 via flanges; the phase separation measurement section 35 includes two branches, which are respectively connected to two back pressure regulating valves 19. One branch includes a three-way valve 20, which is connected to a liquid phase collection and measurement device 24 via one branch. The three-way valve 20 is connected in series with a secondary separator 21, a valve 22, a heat exchanger 23, and a wet gas flow meter 25 via another branch. The other branch includes a secondary separator 21, which is connected to a solid phase collection and measurement device 26, a liquid phase flow meter 27, and a recovery device 36 via three branches. The outlets of all branches of the phase separation measurement section 35 are connected to the corresponding branches of the recovery device 36 and connected to the inlet of the corresponding measurement unit.

[0121] Experimental section 18 is equipped with a pressure differential sensor 37. The experimental system is a transparent structure. Several high-speed cameras 38, particle imaging velocimeters 39, ultrasonic velocimeters 40, and eddy current non-destructive testing devices 41 are set up around the experimental system. The pressure differential sensor 37, high-speed cameras 38, particle imaging velocimeters 39, ultrasonic velocimeters 40, and eddy current non-destructive testing devices 41 are all connected to the data acquisition system.

[0122] Example 3

[0123] This invention provides a combined experimental system for measuring the multiphase components of oil, gas, water, and sand, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a gas compressor 1, a pressure stabilizing tank 2, a gas flow control valve 3, a gas flow meter 4, a gas heating and insulation device 5, a water tank 6, a water pump 7, a water flow control valve 8, a water flow meter 9, a heating and insulation oil tank 10, an oil pump 11, an oil flow control valve 12, an oil flow meter 13, a solid particle feeding device 14, a solid particle control valve 15, a solid particle metering device 16, a mixer 17, an experimental section 18, a back pressure regulating valve 19, a three-way valve 20, a secondary separator 21, a valve 22, and a heat exchanger 23. Liquid phase collection and measurement device 24, wet gas flow meter 25, solid phase collection and measurement device 26, liquid phase flow meter 27, return water pump 28 and return oil pump 29, gas path pressurization and heating measurement unit 30, water path pressurization and heating measurement unit 31, oil path pressurization and heating measurement unit 32, solid phase path particle release control unit 33, back pressure adjustment section 34, phase separation measurement section 35, recovery device 36, pressure differential sensor 37, high-speed camera 38, particle imaging velocimeter 39, ultrasonic velocimeter 40, eddy current non-destructive testing device 41.

[0124] The system includes a gas-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 30, a water-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 31, an oil-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 32, and a solid-phase particle delivery control unit 33, all connected in parallel. The outlet of the gas-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 30 is connected to the gas phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the water-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 31 is connected to the water phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the oil-path pressurization and heating measurement unit 32 is connected to the oil phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the solid-phase particle delivery control unit 33 is connected to the solid phase inlet of the mixer 17. The outlet of the mixer 17 is connected to the inlet of the experimental section 18. The outlet of the experimental section 18 is connected to the inlet of the back pressure regulating section 34. The outlet of the back pressure regulating section 34 is connected to the inlet of the phase separation measurement section 35. The back pressure regulating section 34 includes two back pressure regulating valves 19. The outlet of the phase separation measurement section 35 is connected to the recovery device 36.

[0125] The gas-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit consists of a gas compressor 1, a pressure stabilizing tank 2, a gas phase flow control valve 3, a gas flow meter 4, and a gas heating and insulation device 5. These five parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the gas phase inlet of the mixing section. The water-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit consists of a water tank 6, a water pump 7, a water flow control valve 8, and a water flow meter 9. These four parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the water phase inlet of the mixing section. The oil-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit consists of a heating and insulation oil tank 10, an oil pump 11, an oil flow control valve 12, and an oil flow meter 13. These four parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the oil phase inlet of the mixing section. The solid-phase particle feeding control unit consists of a solid-phase particle feeding device 14, a solid-phase particle control valve 15, and a solid-phase particle metering device 16. These three parts are connected in sequence, with the outlet connected to the mixing section. The solid phase inlet of the combined section; the inlet and outlet of the experimental section 18 are respectively connected to the flow stabilization section and the back pressure regulating section 34 via flanges; the phase separation measurement section 35 includes two branches, which are respectively connected to two back pressure regulating valves 19. One branch includes a three-way valve 20, which is connected to a liquid phase collection and measurement device 24 via one branch. The three-way valve 20 is connected in series with a secondary separator 21, a valve 22, a heat exchanger 23, and a wet gas flow meter 25 via another branch. The other branch includes a secondary separator 21, which is connected to a solid phase collection and measurement device 26, a liquid phase flow meter 27, and a recovery device 36 via three branches. The outlets of all branches of the phase separation measurement section 35 are connected to the corresponding branches of the recovery device 36 and connected to the inlet of the corresponding measurement unit.

[0126] Experimental section 18 is equipped with a pressure differential sensor 37. The experimental system is a transparent structure. Several high-speed cameras 38, particle imaging velocimeters 39, ultrasonic velocimeters 40, and eddy current non-destructive testing devices 41 are set up around the experimental system. The pressure differential sensor 37, high-speed cameras 38, particle imaging velocimeters 39, ultrasonic velocimeters 40, and eddy current non-destructive testing devices 41 are all connected to the data acquisition system.

[0127] The gas phase flow control valve 3 is a needle valve.

[0128] Gas flow meter 4 is based on a thermal gas flow meter.

[0129] The gas heating and insulation device 5 includes a feedback control module.

[0130] The heating and insulation oil tank 10 includes a PID feedback regulation control module.

[0131] The secondary separator 21 is a cyclone separator.

[0132] Heat exchanger 23 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0133] The flow ranges of the gas flow meter 4, water flow meter 9, oil flow meter 13, solid particle metering device 16, and wet gas flow meter 25 are adjustable.

[0134] Oil pump 11, oil flow control valve 12, and oil flow meter 13 are selected with high temperature resistant structure.

[0135] The effectiveness of the above-mentioned multiphase measurement combined experimental system and working method for oil, gas, water, and sand in experiments on multiphase liquids was verified:

[0136] Based on the aforementioned experimental setup, separation performance evaluation experiments were conducted on the separator. The main focus was on the gas-liquid flow and separation characteristics of the inline-tangential cyclone combined separator. The separation characteristics were characterized using a pressure differential sensor 37 and a high-speed camera 38. The gas-liquid interface within the separator was described in detail using the high-speed camera 38, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0137] The pressure loss before and after separation was measured using differential pressure sensor 37. Specifically, as follows... Figure 4 As shown.

[0138] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0139] This invention discloses a multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand. The phase separation measurement module reflects the separation characteristic parameters of the separator; the pressure differential sensor 37 reflects the pressure and differential pressure fluctuation characteristics at different locations in the separator or pipeline in real time; the high-speed camera 38 reflects the phase interface characteristics within the transparent structure in real time through visualization; the particle imaging velocimeter 39 (PIV) reflects the flow field characteristics within the structure in real time; the ultrasonic velocimeter 40 (UDV) can measure the amount of solid phase deposition in the pipeline at a specific location; and the eddy current nondestructive testing device 41 detects the change in wall thickness during separator wall erosion in real time. This system is compact and versatile, simultaneously performing multiphase separation, separator wall erosion, and pipeline dredging experiments within a single system. This integration of the experimental system improves its reusability and effectively reduces experimental costs.

[0140] Both the gas phase and oil phase heating devices have heat preservation functions, that is, they have temperature regulation feedback functions. The feedback regulation ensures that the temperature of the outflowing gas phase and oil phase is relatively stable.

[0141] The heat exchange device in the phase separation measurement section adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which is simple to operate and maintain and has high heat exchange efficiency.

[0142] The phase separation measurement section uses a cyclone separator, which not only has the function of cyclone separation but also the function of gravity separation. At the same time, a certain liquid level is maintained in the separator to ensure the completeness of separation.

[0143] The flow range of gas, water, oil and solid phase flow meters is adjustable, enabling more accurate measurement of inlet multi-media flow.

[0144] The working method of the above-mentioned multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water and sand disclosed in this invention has a high degree of integration. It can accurately carry out multiphase separation experiments, separator wall erosion corrosion experiments, and pipeline dredging experiments. It can also be applied to experimental research on high-temperature fluids, effectively expanding the usability of the experimental platform.

Claims

1. A multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand, characterized in that, The device includes a gas-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit (30), a water-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit (31), an oil-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit (32), and a solid-phase particle delivery control unit (33) connected in parallel. The outlet of the gas-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit (30) is connected to the gas phase inlet of the mixer (17). The outlet of the water-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit (31) is connected to the water phase inlet of the mixer (17). The outlet of the oil-circuit pressurization and heating measurement unit (32) is connected to the oil phase inlet of the mixer (17). The outlet of the solid-phase particle delivery control unit (33) is connected to the solid phase inlet of the mixer (17). The outlet of the mixer (17) is connected to the inlet of the experimental section (18). The outlet of the experimental section (18) is connected to the inlet of the back pressure regulating section (34). The outlet of the back pressure regulating section (34) is connected to the inlet of the phase separation measurement section (35). The back pressure regulating section (34) includes two back pressure regulating valves (19). The outlet of the phase separation measurement section (35) is connected to the recovery device (36).

2. The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The experimental section (18) is equipped with a pressure differential sensor (37). The experimental system is a transparent structure. Several high-speed cameras (38), particle imaging velocimeters (39), ultrasonic velocimeters (40), and eddy current non-destructive testing devices (41) are arranged around the experimental system. The pressure differential sensor (37), high-speed cameras (38), particle imaging velocimeters (39), ultrasonic velocimeters (40), and eddy current non-destructive testing devices (41) are all connected to the data acquisition system.

3. The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gas path pressurization and heating measurement unit (30) is composed of a gas compressor (1), a pressure stabilizing tank (2), a gas phase flow control valve (3), a gas flow meter (4), and a gas heating and insulation device (5) connected in series; the water path pressurization measurement unit (31) is composed of a water tank (6), a water pump (7), a water flow control valve (8), and a water flow meter (9) connected in series; the oil path pressurization and heating measurement unit (32) is composed of a heating and insulation oil tank (10), an oil pump (11), an oil flow control valve (12), and an oil flow meter (13) connected in series; the solid phase particle delivery control unit (33) is composed of a solid phase particle delivery device (14), a solid phase particle control valve (15), and a solid phase particle metering device (16) connected in series; the phase separation measurement section (35) includes It includes two branches, which are respectively connected to two back pressure regulating valves (19). One of the branches includes a three-way valve (20), which is connected to a liquid phase collection and measurement device (24) through one branch. The three-way valve (20) is connected in series with a secondary separator (21), a valve (22), a heat exchanger (23), and a wet gas flow meter (25) through the other branch. The other branch includes a secondary separator (21), which is connected to a solid phase collection and measurement device (26), a liquid phase flow meter (27), and a recovery device (36) through three branches. All branch outlets of the phase separation measurement section (35) are connected to the corresponding branches of the recovery device (36) and connected to the inlet of the corresponding measurement unit.

4. The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The gas phase flow control valve (3) is a needle valve.

5. The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The gas flow meter (4) can be selected from any one of the following, depending on the range and accuracy to be measured: thermal gas flow meter, orifice plate flow meter, vortex gas flow meter, or mass flow meter.

6. The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The gas heating and insulation device (5) and the heating and insulation oil tank (10) are equipped with a feedback control module.

7. The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The oil pump (11), oil flow control valve (12), and oil flow meter (13) are selected to have high temperature resistant structures.

8. The multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet of the experimental section (18) are connected by flanges. The secondary separator (21) is a cyclone separator and the heat exchanger (23) is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

9. The working method of the multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Depending on the type of experiment, the experimental system is equipped with a pressure differential sensor (37), a high-speed camera (38), a particle imaging velocimeter (39), an ultrasonic velocimeter (40), and an eddy current non-destructive testing device (41) to carry out the experiment. The specific operation is as follows: open the required medium channels and pressurization devices in the four channels of oil, gas, water, and sand to allow the multiphase medium to enter the experimental section (18); adjust the back pressure through the back pressure regulating valve (19); if the experimental medium is a high-temperature fluid, the gas heating and heat preservation device (5) or the heating and heat preservation oil tank (10) needs to be turned on; after the system is stable, the pressure, pressure differential, and flow signals are collected in real time and transmitted to the acquisition system. Depending on the type of experiment, the experimental setup may vary as follows: (1) During the multiphase separation experiment, pressure and differential pressure sensors (37) were used to acquire pressure and differential pressure signals, and high-speed cameras (38) and particle imaging velocimeters (39) were used to characterize the phase interface and flow field characteristics in real time. (2) During the separator wall erosion test, a pressure differential sensor (37) was used to obtain pressure and differential pressure signals, a high-speed camera (38) was used to characterize the solid particle distribution in the separator inlet section in real time, and an eddy current non-destructive testing device (41) was used to characterize the wall wear at the corresponding position of the separator in real time. (3) During the pipeline dredging experiment, a pressure differential sensor (37) was used to obtain pressure and differential pressure signals, a high-speed camera (38) was used to characterize the solid phase distribution deposited in the pipeline in real time, and an ultrasonic velocimeter (40) was used to characterize the silt thickness at the corresponding location in the pipeline in real time.

10. The working method of the multiphase measurement combined experimental system for oil, gas, water, and sand as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Depending on the type of experiment, the following steps are included: (1) Experimental Investigation of the Characteristics of Multiphase Separation Step 1: Fix the separator under study to the experimental section (18) using a flange, and install a pressure differential sensor (37) at the experimental section (18) as needed during the experiment. Step 2: Open all back pressure regulating valves (19) and valves in the phase measurement module, open the required medium supply module, and turn on the return oil pump (29) and return water pump (28) devices to test the test bench and ensure that there are no leaks or safety issues. Step 3: Install a high-speed camera (38) and a particle imaging velocimeter (39) at the experimental section (18) as required during the experiment, and connect the two devices to the data acquisition system and perform connection debugging to ensure the accuracy of signal acquisition; Step 4: Officially start the test bench. When the required oil-gas two-phase fluid is a high-temperature fluid, turn on the heating and heat preservation device in advance, and then turn on the flow regulating valve to make its output flow reach the set value. Adjust the back pressure regulating valve (19) so that the outlet back pressure value is the set value. Step 5: Use the phase separation measurement module to measure the separation efficiency and separation characteristic parameters of the separator; use a pressure differential sensor (37) with a data acquisition system to record the pressure and differential pressure signals in the separator; use a high-speed camera (38) and a particle imaging velocimeter (39) with an acquisition system to visualize and save the phase interface and flow field characteristics in the separator. (2) Experiment on the erosion corrosion law of separator Step 1: Fix the separator under study to the experimental section (18) using a flange, and install a pressure differential sensor (37) at the experimental section (18) as needed during the experiment. Step 2: Open all back pressure regulating valves (19) and regulating valves in the phase measurement module, open the required medium supply module, and turn on the return oil pump (29) and return water pump (28) recovery device. Test run the test bench to ensure there are no leaks or other safety issues. Step 3: Install a high-speed camera (38) and an eddy current non-destructive testing device (41) at the experimental section (18) as required during the experiment, and connect the two devices to the data acquisition system and perform connection debugging to ensure the accuracy of signal acquisition; Step 4: Officially start the test bench. When the required oil-gas two-phase fluid is a high-temperature fluid, turn on the heating and heat preservation device in advance, and then turn on the flow regulating valve to make its output flow reach the set value. Adjust the back pressure regulating valve (19) so that the outlet back pressure value is the set value. Step 5: Use a pressure differential sensor (37) with a data acquisition system to record the pressure and differential pressure signals inside the separator; use a high-speed camera (38) with a data acquisition system to visualize and record the distribution of solid particles at the separator inlet; use an eddy current non-destructive testing device (41) with a data acquisition system to monitor the change law of separator wall thickness in real time. (3) Experiment on the characteristics of pipeline dredging Step 1: Fix the pipe under study to the experimental section (18) using a flange, and install a pressure differential sensor (37) at the experimental section (18) as needed during the experiment. Step 2: Open all back pressure regulating valves (19) and valves in the phase measurement module, open the required medium supply module, and turn on the return oil pump (29) and return water pump (28) devices to test the test bench and ensure that there are no leaks or safety issues. Step 3: Install a high-speed camera (38) and an ultrasonic velocimeter (40) at the experimental section (18) as required during the experiment, and connect the two devices to the data acquisition system and perform connection debugging to ensure the accuracy of signal acquisition; Step 4: Set up different shapes of sludge in different positions in the pipeline in advance, and officially start the test bench. When the required oil-gas two-phase fluid is a high temperature fluid, turn on the heating and heat preservation device in advance, and then turn on the flow regulating valve to make its output flow reach the set value. Adjust the back pressure regulating valve (19) so that the outlet back pressure is the set value. Step 5: Use a pressure differential sensor (37) with a data acquisition system to record the pressure and differential pressure signals in the separator; use a high-speed camera (38) with a data acquisition system to visualize and record the dredging process in the experimental pipeline; use an ultrasonic velocimeter (40) with a data acquisition system to monitor the change in sludge thickness in real time during the dredging process.

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