Ginseng pheretima culturing farm

Abstract

The invention relates to a pheretima bombycis farm, and belongs to the technical field of earthworm breeding. The problem that earthworm suffocation death is caused by cross contamination of pathogenic microorganisms and unsmooth drainage due to mixing of functional areas of a traditional farm is solved. The layout of the farm is specifically as follows: a raw material pretreatment and storage area provided with a fermentation tank is arranged in the upwind direction of a site entrance; a core breeding production area is arranged in the center of the field, the interior of the core breeding production area is divided into an earthworm breeding area, a breeding area and a fattening area according to breeding stages, and mechanical channels are arranged in the areas and are of a ridge type structure; arranging an annular drainage ditch along the boundary of the field, and communicating the furrow with the annular drainage ditch by gradient; a finished product treatment and storage area containing an airing field is arranged in the downwind direction of the field exit; an isolation belt is arranged on the periphery, a management and auxiliary area containing a tool room is arranged at an entrance, and a feces treatment area containing a sedimentation tank is arranged in the downwind direction; the hardened main road is connected with all the functional areas, and the branch is communicated with the breeding district. According to the scheme, pollution source isolation and efficient drainage are achieved, and the method is mainly used for improving the earthworm survival rate and breeding benefits.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of earthworm breeding, and particularly relates to a Pheretima guillemoti breeding farm. BACKGROUND

[0002] In large-scale breeding of Pheretima guillemoti, the production benefit is long-term restricted by defects in site layout. In traditional breeding farms, the raw material processing area and the breeding production area are not strictly separated, and livestock manure and straw auxiliary materials are often exposed and stacked near the breeding ridge. The leachate in the fermentation process flows with rainwater, and pathogenic microorganisms enter the earthworm breeding area through the soles of personnel shoes or tools, causing pollution on the surface of earthworms. The live earthworm collection area is too close to the raw material area, and no physical isolation is set, so that the finished earthworms are easy to contact pollutants, resulting in reduced commercial value. The material transfer path is designed in disorder, the raw material transport vehicle needs to cross the core breeding area, and the collection equipment needs to bypass the raw material yard, prolonging the operation line by about 40%, and the invalid walking distance of workers per day is more than 3 kilometers.

[0003] Unreasonable design of the drainage system further aggravates the production risk. The slope of the breeding ridge ditch in the clay soil site is often less than 0.2%, and the accumulated water cannot be discharged in time. The measurement shows that when the accumulated water depth of the ridge ditch is more than 0.2 meters, the deep earthworms will suffocate after 6 hours, and the escape rate of earthworms within 3 days after the rainstorm is 20%-30%, and the deep mortality rate is 15%-25%. The boundary lacks effective drainage channels, and the local accumulated water flows back to the adjacent ridge through soil infiltration, causing a chain type of flooding. It is difficult to control the micro-topographic slope during artificial site leveling, and the mechanical construction error is more than 0.1%, and deepening the drainage ditch can accelerate the drainage, but it will cause the water loss of the ridge to be too fast in the dry season, causing the earthworms to escape, and forming a fundamental contradiction between drainage and moisture retention.

[0004] The improvement attempts are faced with multiple obstacles. Setting a physical isolation belt needs to occupy 10%-15% of the production area, but the rent of the breeding site accounts for more than 30% of the total cost, and excessive isolation will weaken the economic benefit. The increased drainage demand during the rainstorm period and the daily moisture retention demand cannot be dynamically balanced, and there is a lack of quantitative control basis. Strict zoning needs to add isolation facilities, but the raw materials need to cross the isolation door multiple times for daily feeding, which significantly reduces the work efficiency. These defects cause the survival rate of earthworms in large-scale breeding farms to be less than 70% for a long time, which restricts the sustainable development of the industry. SUMMARY

[0005] An object of the present application is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages that will be explained later.

[0006] The present application at least solves the following technical problems:

[0007] Solve the problem of cross contamination and low management efficiency caused by mixed function area in the farm. In the traditional layout, the raw material processing, breeding production and product storage area are not effectively isolated, and the path of material transfer is cross and the operation line is extended. At the same time, solve the problem of high mortality rate of earthworms caused by poor drainage, and the lack of slope of the ridge and trench leads to water backflow, and the deep earthworms die of asphyxia due to lack of oxygen.

[0008] Solve the problem of waterlogging in the downstream of the ring drainage ditch and the backflow of the upstream ridge ditch during the heavy rain period, and the technical conflict between forced acceleration of drainage and prevention of earthworms from drowning.

[0009] Solve the problem of insufficient oxygen content in the soil caused by long-term waterlogging in the ridge ditch. The traditional method cannot dynamically monitor the oxygen content in the ridge body and increase the oxygen content in time, which leads to asphyxia of earthworms.

[0010] Solve the problem of sludge deposition and blockage of aeration holes in the aeration system during long-term operation. The conventional single-layer aeration pipe has low backwashing efficiency, which affects the stability of oxygenation.

[0011] Solve the problem of uneven water distribution in the vertical direction caused by the difference between drainage and evaporation in the ridge structure. The surface drought causes the escape of earthworms, and the deep waterlogging causes asphyxia.

[0012] Solve the problem of prediction deviation of water migration rate caused by soil texture difference, which leads to ineffective irrigation or ventilation control.

[0013] Solve the problem of diffusion of harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide generated by fermentation in the raw material area to the core breeding area, which leads to metabolic disorder and mass escape of earthworms.

[0014] In order to achieve these objects and other advantages of the present application, a tubifex farm is provided, which comprises:

[0015] The raw material pretreatment and storage area is arranged at the entrance of the farm site in the upwind direction, and is equipped with ground hardening facilities, rain shelters, fermentation tanks and raw material warehouses for fermentation and storage of livestock manure and straw auxiliary materials;

[0016] The core breeding production area is arranged in the center area of the site, and is divided into earthworm breeding area, breeding area and fattening area according to the breeding stage. The mechanical channel with a width of 1.5-2 meters is arranged between the earthworm breeding area, the breeding area and the fattening area. The core breeding production area adopts ridge breeding structure, the ridge width is 1-2 meters, the ridge height is 0.75-1 meters, and the ridge ditch with a width of 0.4-0.8 meters is formed between adjacent ridges.

[0017] The ring drainage ditch is arranged along the boundary of the breeding site, and the ridge ditch is communicated with the ring drainage ditch at a slope of 0.3-0.5%.

[0018] a finished product processing and storage area, which is arranged at a downwind direction of the breeding site outlet, and is equipped with an earthworm manure drying field and a live earthworm processing area;

[0019] an isolation belt, which is arranged at the periphery of the breeding area, and is a dug epidemic prevention ditch or a laid sand belt;

[0020] a management and auxiliary area, which is arranged at the site entrance, and is equipped with a tool room and water and electricity facilities;

[0021] a manure treatment area, which is arranged at a downwind direction of the core breeding production area, and is equipped with a sewage sedimentation tank and composting facilities;

[0022] a main road, which connects the site entrance, the raw material pretreatment and storage area, the core breeding production area, the finished product processing and storage area, and the management and auxiliary area, and has a width of 3-4 meters and is hardened;

[0023] a branch road, which connects each breeding plot, and has a width of 1.5-2 meters.

[0024] Preferably, it further comprises:

[0025] a water level monitoring point, which is arranged at a key confluence node of the ring-shaped drainage ditch;

[0026] at least one adjustable drainage gate, which is arranged at a downstream section of the ring-shaped drainage ditch, and the height of the gate plate of the adjustable drainage gate can be adjusted within a range of 0.8-1 meters;

[0027] a water-blocking weir plate, which is arranged at a connection port of the ridge ditch of the core breeding production area and the ring-shaped drainage ditch, has a height of 0.3-0.4 meters, and has a bottom with a drain hole with a diameter of 2-3 cm, and the total area of the drain hole accounts for 15-25% of the cross-sectional area of the ridge ditch;

[0028] When the water level monitoring point detects that the water level exceeds 0.6 meters of the bottom of the ring-shaped drainage ditch, the following steps are performed:

[0029] a) completely open the adjustable drainage gate;

[0030] b) install a water-blocking weir plate with a drain hole at the connection port of the ridge ditch in the upstream area of the ring-shaped drainage ditch;

[0031] c) continuously monitor the water level, and when the water level is below 0.3 meters of the bottom of the ring-shaped drainage ditch, remove the water-blocking weir plate installed in step b).

[0032] Preferably, the core breeding production area is provided with a soil oxygen content dynamic regulation system to regulate the oxygen content of the soil of the ridge, and the system comprises:

[0033] The oxygen content monitoring unit is composed of multi-point oxygen content sensors embedded in the core breeding production area ridge, and the sensors are vertically distributed at the bottom, middle and surface layer of the ridge with depths of 0.3 m, 0.5 m and 0.1 m from the ridge surface respectively, and the monitoring frequency is 1 time per hour;

[0034] The aeration oxygenation system includes a porous aeration pipe network laid at the bottom of the ridge ditch, and the aeration pipe network is connected to a high-pressure air pump through a branch pipe, and the outlet pressure of the air pump is 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa.

[0035] Preferably, the control logic of the soil oxygen content dynamic regulation system is as follows:

[0036] When the readings of the oxygen content sensors in any ridge are continuously lower than 5 mg / L for 3 times, the aeration oxygenation system is started;

[0037] The aeration duration is calculated according to the formula T = K × (8 - O min ), T is in minutes; O min is the minimum measured oxygen content, in mg / L; K is a correction coefficient, and the value is 2.5;

[0038] After aeration, the oxygen content is monitored again after 30 minutes of standing, and if it is still lower than 5 mg / L, the aeration process is repeated until the standard is met.

[0039] Preferably, it further includes an anti-clogging system, which includes:

[0040] The double-layer aeration pipe network structure includes an outer main pipe network and an inner branch pipe network; the outer main pipe network is laid at the bottom of the ridge ditch, the pipe diameter is 50 mm to 60 mm, the pipe wall is provided with downwardly inclined main aeration holes, the hole diameter is 1.5 mm to 2 mm, the hole density is 8 to 10 per meter, and the opening direction forms an angle of 45°±5° with the horizontal plane;

[0041] The inner branch pipe network is nested in the outer main pipe network, the pipe diameter is 20 mm to 25 mm, the pipe wall is symmetrically provided with auxiliary aeration holes, the hole diameter is 0.8 mm to 1 mm, and the hole density is 15 to 20 per meter;

[0042] The air pressure linkage backwashing unit includes an air pressure sensor, a high-pressure water source interface and an electromagnetic switching valve; the air pressure sensor is arranged at the beginning and end of the outer main pipe network to monitor the air pressure change in the pipe network in real time; the high-pressure water source interface is connected to the water inlet end of the aeration pipe network, and the water source pressure is 0.25 MPa to 0.35 MPa; the electromagnetic switching valve is controlled by the central controller and is used to switch between the aeration mode and the backwashing mode;

[0043] The main aeration holes and the auxiliary aeration holes are embedded with elastic silica gel sleeves, and the inner diameter of the silica gel sleeve is consistent with the hole diameter of the aeration hole in normal state; in the backwashing mode, the high-pressure water flow drives the silica gel sleeve to expand radially to 1.5 times of the original hole diameter.

[0044] The control logic of the anti-clogging system is: when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the first and last ends of the pipe network is ≥0.05 MPa, the central controller executes:

[0045] a) Turn off the high-pressure gas pump and switch the electromagnetic valve to the backwashing mode;

[0046] b) High-pressure water flow continues to inject for 120-180 seconds;

[0047] c) Restore the aeration mode and restart the high-pressure gas pump.

[0048] Preferably, the ridge vertical water balance regulation system includes a gradient water monitoring unit: three groups of water sensors are buried in the core breeding production area of the ridge, located at the surface layer of the ridge, 0.1 meters from the ridge surface, the middle layer, 0.4 meters from the ridge surface, and the deep layer, 0.6 meters from the ridge surface, to monitor the soil volume water content in each layer in real time, with a sampling frequency of once every 30 minutes;

[0049] The system regulates the water content of the ridge through a layered regulation mechanism, specifically:

[0050] When the difference in water content between the surface layer and the deep layer ΔW = |W 表 -W 深 | for 2 consecutive hours ≥0.3, start gradient irrigation or water pumping ventilation: if the surface layer is dry W 表 <W 深 , turn on the ridge ditch irrigation system to inject water into the ridge ditch at a flow rate of 0.5m 3 / h for 15 minutes to supplement the surface layer water content;

[0051] If the deep layer water W

[0052] When ΔW ≤0.1 and lasts for 3 hours, terminate the regulation operation.

[0053] Preferably, after the gradient water monitoring unit is started, when the layered regulation mechanism is triggered for the first time, the surface layer soil water content change rate V 表 = ΔW 表 / Δt, unit: % / min, and the deep layer water content change rate V 深 = ΔW 深 / Δt are recorded simultaneously;

[0054] Calculate the water conductivity feedback coefficient α = V 表 / V 深 ;

[0055] If α ≥1.2, reduce the ridge ditch water injection flow rate to 0.3m 3 / h, the single water injection duration is extended to 25 minutes;

[0056] If α≤0.8, the water injection flow rate is increased to 0.7m 3 / h, the single water injection duration is shortened to 10 minutes;

[0057] When the deep ventilation is started, the negative pressure intensity is adjusted based on the α value:

[0058] When α>1.0, the negative pressure is maintained at 0.2MPa;

[0059] When α<1.0, the negative pressure is increased to 0.25MPa;

[0060] When the soil type is changed or the water conductivity calibration is not triggered for 3 consecutive times, the historical α value is cleared.

[0061] Preferably, it also includes a harmful gas diffusion inhibition system, which comprises:

[0062] A gas concentration monitoring unit composed of multiple groups of gas sensor arrays arranged at the junction of the raw material pretreatment and storage area and the core breeding production area, the sensor array includes ammonia gas sensors and hydrogen sulfide sensors, the monitoring point spacing is 10-15 meters, the installation height is 1.5-2 meters from the ground, and the data sampling frequency is 1 time per minute;

[0063] A directional air curtain generating device installed on the boundary line of the raw material pretreatment and storage area close to the core breeding production area, including an adjustable angle high-pressure air jet nozzle array, the air jet nozzle spacing is 2-3 meters, the air jet direction is 30°±5° from the ground, and the airflow speed range is 3-8m / s;

[0064] A water source spraying unit integrated in the air curtain generating device, including a high-pressure water pump and an atomizing nozzle, the atomizing particle size is ≤

[0065] 50 microns, and the water flow rate can be adjusted in the range of 0.5m 3 / h to 1.5m 3 / h;

[0066] A control module that adjusts the air curtain generating device and the water source spraying unit in real time based on the data of the gas concentration monitoring unit.

[0067] Preferably, the control logic of the harmful gas diffusion inhibition system is as follows:

[0068] When the NH3 concentration detection value is ≥10ppm for 5 consecutive minutes or the H2S concentration is ≥1ppm for 5 consecutive minutes, start the directional air curtain generating device, set the initial airflow speed to 4m / s, and linearly increase it according to the concentration exceeding the standard, up to 8m / s;

[0069] If the concentration does not decrease to the safety threshold within 10 minutes after the air curtain is started, NH3 concentration < 5 ppm, H2S concentration

[0070] <0.5 ppm, then activate the water source spray unit simultaneously, and set the water flow to 1 m 3 / h;

[0071] When the concentration decreases to the safety threshold and maintains for 15 minutes, turn off the water source spray unit and gradually reduce the air curtain airflow speed to stop.

[0072] The present application at least includes the following beneficial effects:

[0073] By zoning layout and slope design, the raw material pollution source and the breeding production area are effectively isolated, and the cross transmission risk of pathogenic microorganisms is reduced. The standardized mechanical channel shortens the material transfer distance and reduces the invalid operation time. The circular drainage ditch and the ridge ditch slope work together to significantly improve the site drainage efficiency and avoid the suffocation death of earthworms caused by backflow.

[0074] The water level monitoring and gate linkage mechanism realizes precise regulation and control of drainage flow during the rainstorm period, and the drainage hole design of the water retaining weir plate considers the dual needs of accelerating drainage and preventing backflow, maintains the safety threshold of the ridge ditch water level in extreme weather, and ensures the stability of the earthworm living environment.

[0075] Layered monitoring of oxygen content sensor combined with formula aeration control responds to soil oxygen deficiency in real time. On-demand oxygenation avoids energy waste, and the re-measurement mechanism after standing ensures the effectiveness of oxygenation, solving the problem of deep earthworm suffocation from the root.

[0076] The double-layer pipe network structure improves the uniformity of aeration, and the elastic silica gel sleeve expands to clear the blockage during backwashing. The air pressure triggered switching realizes unattended maintenance. The system's anti-clogging ability is enhanced, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the oxygenation system.

[0077] Layered water monitoring accurately identifies the water imbalance state in the vertical direction of the ridge. Differentiated control strategies (surface irrigation / deep ventilation) solve the problem of earthworm escape and suffocation, and the water difference threshold control avoids excessive intervention.

[0078] The water conductivity feedback coefficient dynamically corrects the irrigation parameters, and adapts to the water migration characteristics of different soil textures. Based on real-time data, the flow and duration are adjusted to eliminate the regulation deviation caused by soil heterogeneity and improve water balance efficiency.

[0079] The gas sensor array captures the diffusion trend of pollutants in real time, and the air curtain device forms a directional airflow barrier to block gas migration. The spray unit cooperates to enhance the settlement of pollutants, and the multi-level response mechanism optimizes energy consumption allocation while ensuring biological safety.

[0080] Additional advantages, objects, and features of the application will be apparent from the following description, and upon practice of the application in its various embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] The present application is further described in detail by referring to Examples that should not be construed as limiting.

[0082] It should be understood that the terms such as "have", "contain", and "include" used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements.

[0083] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0084] <Example 1>

[0085] The raw material pretreatment and storage area is located on the east side of the entrance upwind, at least 40 meters away from the core breeding area. The ground is hardened with 20 cm thick C25 concrete, and the rain shelter uses galvanized steel frame with PVC roof. The fermentation tank is a brick-concrete structure lined with HDPE impermeable membrane, and the raw material warehouse is equipped with axial flow fan ventilation. The core breeding production area is arranged in the middle, with a 1.8-meter-wide mechanical channel between the earthworm breeding area, the breeding area and the fattening area. The channel surface is paved with crushed stone compaction layer. The finished product processing area is located on the west side of the downwind, and the distance between the live earthworm processing area and the drying field is 15 meters, which is physically separated by color steel plate. The isolation belt uses a digging type epidemic prevention ditch, with a depth of 0.8 meters and a width of 1 meter. The sand belt alternative scheme uses medium-coarse sand paving with a thickness of 0.3 meters. The sewage sedimentation tank in the manure treatment area has a volume of 50 cubic meters, and the compost site has a 5% slope for drainage.

[0086] The mechanical channel width can be selected as 1.5 meters, 1.8 meters or 2 meters. The epidemic prevention ditch depth can be selected as 0.7 meters, 0.8 meters or 1 meter. The rain shelter frame can be selected as a galvanized square tube with a cross section of 80x40mm. The impermeable membrane can be selected as 1.5mm thick HDPE material. The axial flow fan can be selected as a type with a diameter of 600mm.

[0087] The ventilation equipment of the raw material warehouse is installed at the high place of the gable, 4 meters away from the ground. The epidemic prevention ditch is fully closed and excavated along the boundary of the breeding area, and the sand belt is paved at the bottom of the ditch. The sedimentation tank in the manure treatment area is located downstream of the compost site, and the sewage is introduced by a buried pipe. When transporting materials, the raw material truck directly reaches the raw material area through the main road, and the finished product transport truck drives out from the west side exit to avoid path intersection.

[0088] Technical effect: physical isolation of pathogenic microorganisms, reduce the risk of cross contamination, optimize logistics efficiency.

[0089] The ring-shaped drainage ditch is arranged along the site boundary, the ditch bottom is 1 meter wide and 1.2 meters deep, and the slope ratio is 1:1.5. The ridge ditch is sloped to the ring-shaped ditch at a slope of 0.4%. The ridge is constructed by using red clay, the ridge width is 1.5 meters, the ridge height is 0.9 meters, and the ridge ditch width is 0.6 meters. The core breeding area is divided into independent units according to the breeding stage, the ridge bodies in the unit are arranged in parallel, and the ridge spacing is consistent. Reinforced concrete drop structures are arranged at the intersection nodes of the drainage ditch, and inspection wells are arranged every 50 meters.

[0090] The ridge ditch slope can be selected as 0.3%, 0.4% or 0.5%. The ridge soil can be selected as red clay with a clay content of 30%. The drainage ditch slope protection can be paved with concrete precast boards. The drop structure can be cast in situ by using C30 reinforced concrete. The inspection well can be selected as a corrugated pipe well with a diameter of 800 mm.

[0091] The ring-shaped drainage ditch is 3 meters away from the breeding area boundary, and the connection between the ridge ditch and the main ditch is made into a trumpet transition. The inspection well is located at the turning point of the ditch, and the drop structure is arranged at the slope change point. When it rains, the surface runoff flows into the ring-shaped ditch through the ridge ditch and is discharged outside the field through the natural slope. In the dry season, the ring-shaped ditch stores water to maintain the soil humidity around.

[0092] Technical effect: Ensure smooth drainage, avoid backflow of accumulated water, and maintain stable ridge humidity.

[0093] The main road is 3.5 meters wide, and is constructed by using a 20 cm thick cement stabilized gravel base and an 18 cm C30 concrete surface layer. The branch road is 1.8 meters wide, and the surface layer is paved with 5 cm thick gravel. The management and auxiliary area is located at the entrance, the tool house is constructed by using a color steel sandwich panel, and the water and electricity facilities include a 100 kVA transformer and a DN50 water supply pipe. The manure treatment area is equipped with a track base of a turning machine.

[0094] The main road width can be selected as 3 meters, 3.5 meters or 4 meters. The transformer can be selected as oil-immersed or dry type. The water supply pipe can be selected as PE100 material. The turning machine track can be selected as a 50 kg / m light rail. The wall of the tool house can be selected as a 75 mm thick rock wool sandwich panel

[0095] The main road connects the site gate, the raw material area, the core breeding area and the finished product area, and is annularly connected. The branch road is vertically connected with the main road and each breeding unit. The water and electricity pipelines are buried at a depth of 0.8 meters and are laid along the side of the road. The tool house is provided with a tool rack area and a changing area, and the transformer is arranged in the power distribution room in the management area. The turning machine track is pre-buried in the concrete foundation of the composting field.

[0096] Technical effect: Improve material transfer efficiency, ensure equipment access safety, and reduce daily maintenance cost.

[0097] <Example 2>

[0098] The water level monitoring point can be selected from an ultrasonic sensor or a radar water level meter, the range is 0-2 meters, the accuracy is ±1 centimeter, and the installation is located at the key positions of the curved channel and the intersection of the ring-shaped drainage ditch. The adjustable drainage gate can adopt an electric lifting type cast iron gate, the height adjustment range of the gate plate is 0.8 meters to 1.0 meters, the driving device can be selected from a waterproof type linear motor or an electric push rod, and the gate frame material can be selected from 304 stainless steel or hot-dip galvanized steel. When installing, it is necessary to ensure that the gate is located at the straight section downstream of the drainage ditch, the bottom of the gate slot is flush with the bottom of the ditch, and the gate is embedded in the pre-buried slide rail. The working process is as follows: when the monitoring point detects that the water level exceeds the threshold of 0.6 meters above the bottom of the ditch, the central controller sends a command to the gate motor, so that the gate plate is lowered to the lowest position of 0.8 meters within 90 seconds. This design can accelerate drainage by expanding the water discharge section, and a silica gel sealing ring is additionally arranged at the bottom of the gate plate to prevent leakage.

[0099] The water-blocking weir plate can be selected from a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plate with a thickness of 8-10 mm and a height range of 0.3 meters to 0.4 meters. The drainage hole can be designed as a circular hole with a diameter of 2 cm to 3 cm, which is staggered and distributed, and the total opening area accounts for 15%-25% of the cross-sectional area of the ridge ditch. Rubber sealing strips can be arranged on both sides of the weir plate, and a pre-buried counterweight steel plate is arranged at the bottom. The assembly position is located in the reserved slot at the connection port of the ridge ditch and the ring-shaped drainage ditch, and the slot is made of C25 concrete with a depth of 0.5 meters. The working process is as follows: when the water level exceeds the standard during the rainstorm period, the weir plate is inserted into the connection port of the upstream area by manual or mechanical hand, the bottom drainage hole allows part of the water flow to pass (about 20% of the flow), and at the same time, it blocks the backflow. A water level scale can be additionally arranged at the top of the weir plate for easy observation on site.

[0100] The control process parameter setting: the upper limit of the water level safety threshold is 0.6 meters above the bottom of the ditch, and the lower limit is 0.3 meters. The control system can be selected from a PLC controller, the input module receives the 4-20 mA signal of the sensor, and the output module is connected to the gate motor relay. The working process is divided into three steps: a) the gate is completely opened within 30 seconds after the water level exceeds the limit; b) the weir plate is installed at the connection port of 12-15 ridge ditches in the upstream section (such as the front 1 / 3 area) of the ring-shaped ditch; c) the water level sensor continuously monitors, and when the data falls below 0.3 meters and remains for 5 minutes, the audible and light prompts trigger the manual removal of the weir plate. Test method: inject 50 cubic meters / hour of water flow on the simulated rainstorm platform to verify that the response time from alarm to gate opening is ≤2 minutes.

[0101] Technical effect: The rainstorm period drainage flow is controlled, the weir plate and the gate cooperate to control the flow and prevent backflow, the drainage hole design meets the emergency drainage and basic anti-backflow requirements, the ridge ditch water level is maintained below the 0.25-meter safety line, and the risk of earthworm drowning is reduced.

[0102] Application example: In a certain earthworm breeding farm in Guangxi (breeding farm layout as in Example 1), adjustable drainage gates are installed in the downstream section of the circular drainage ditch. The height of the gate can be adjusted electrically between 0.8 meters and 1 meter. The gate frame is made of galvanized steel plate welding, and the driving device is selected as a waterproof linear motor. Ultrasonic water level sensors are installed at the key confluence nodes of the circular ditch, and the pre-warning line is calibrated at 0.6 meters from the bottom of the ditch. The connecting port of the ridge ditch and the circular ditch is pre-embedded with a slot, and a water-blocking weir plate can be inserted into the slot. The height of the weir plate is 0.35 meters, and three rows of 2.5 centimeter diameter drainage holes are opened at the bottom, with a total area of 20% of the cross-sectional area of the ridge ditch.

[0103] Comparative example: In a certain traditional breeding farm in Guangxi, workers need to manually stack sandbags to block the backflow during heavy rain. During the 2023 typhoon period, the sandbags were too tightly sealed, causing the upstream ridge ditch to accumulate water over 0.4 meters, resulting in a 18% mortality rate of earthworms. In this scheme, when the water level sensor detects that the water depth exceeds 0.6 meters, the control system automatically performs three-step operations: first, lower the downstream gate to the lowest position of 0.8 meters to accelerate drainage; second, insert the water-blocking weir plate with drainage holes into the interface of the 12 ridge ditches in the upstream area; finally, continuously monitor the water level until it drops below 0.3 meters and remove the weir plate.

[0104] The water-blocking weir plate is made of high-density polyethylene material, and the drainage holes are staggered. Compared with the traditional sand sealing method, the weir plate holes allow part of the water flow to pass through, avoiding the accumulation of water pressure caused by complete blockage. The 2024 flood season test showed that under the condition of 50 mm / hour heavy rain, the water level of the upstream ridge ditch was maintained within the safety threshold of 0.25 meters, and no backflow occurred.

[0105] Difference from the closest prior art:

[0106] 1. Upgrade of control mechanism

[0107] Traditional manual plugging relies on experience and judgment, with a lagging response and uncontrollable sealing degree. This technology triggers automatic joint control through water level threshold, and the gate and weir plate work together to realize staggered drainage.

[0108] 2. Optimization of anti-backflow structure

[0109] Compared with the full-closed blockage of sandbags, the weir plate with holes allows 15%-25% of the flow to pass through, reducing the water pressure in the upstream and ensuring the basic drainage demand, solving the contradiction between complete sealing and moderate drainage.

[0110] 3. Improvement of equipment durability

[0111] Electric gates replace manual operation, and galvanized steel structure has better corrosion resistance than traditional wooden gates, suitable for long-term use in high-humidity southern environment.

[0112] <Example 3>

[0113] Dissolved oxygen sensor can be selected electrochemical or fluorescent optical, range 0-20 mg / L, accuracy ± 0.5 mg / L. Sensor probe is vertically buried in the ridge interior, respectively, at a distance of 0.1 meters (surface layer), 0.3 meters (middle layer) and 0.5 meters (deep layer) depth from the ridge surface. Protective shell can be selected 316 stainless steel material, cable using corrosion-resistant shielded cable. Assembly position needs to avoid mechanical access, at least 1 meter from the edge of the ridge, each set of sensors 5 meters apart. Working process: automatic data collection every hour, when any point value is less than 5 mg / L threshold for three consecutive times, trigger alarm signal. Test method: nitrogen injection in red clay ridge to simulate anoxic environment, verify the sensor response time ≤ 3 minutes.

[0114] Aeration pipe network outer layer main pipe can be selected nominal diameter 50 mm UPVC pipe, pipe wall with 45° angle opening diameter 1.8 mm aeration hole, hole density 9 / m. High pressure gas pump can be selected vortex type fan, outlet pressure 0.15 MPa, each connected DN40 galvanized steel branch pipe covering 10 furrows. Pipe network along the furrow bottom in the middle of the laying, pipe bottom cushion layer using 20 mm thick gravel. Working process: after starting airflow through the inclined hole to form a rising bubble group, covering 70% of the cross-sectional area of the ridge. Aeration duration calculated by formula T = 2.5 x (8-0 min ) (example: the lowest value O min = 3.8 mg / L, T = 2.5 x 4.2 = 10.5 minutes). After aeration for 30 minutes, retest, if the oxygen content is still less than 5 mg / L, then start again.

[0115] Control parameter setting: oxygen content safety threshold is 5 mg / L, continuous 3 times trigger action. Controller can be selected industrial PLC, built-in timing module to calculate aeration duration. Work flow is divided into four steps: 1) lock the lowest O min value when data is abnormal; 2) automatic calculation of T value and start gas pump; 3) aeration delay 30 minutes; 4) reacquire data to determine whether to meet the requirements. Function test: set three groups of control ridge in the fattening area, artificial injection of carbon dioxide to 4.2 mg / L, system start aeration 12 minutes after the oxygen content rises to 6.3 mg / L. After standing, the retest data is stable at more than 5.8 mg / L, meet the termination conditions.

[0116] Technical effect: realize the internal oxygen content of the ridge layer monitoring and accurate control, through the formula aeration duration control to avoid energy waste. Inclined aeration hole design to improve oxygen transport efficiency, static retest mechanism to ensure the effectiveness of oxygenation, reduce the risk of deep earthworm suffocation.

[0117] Application example: In the core area of a certain earthworm breeding farm in Guangxi (the layout of the breeding farm is as shown in Example 1), three groups of dissolved oxygen sensors are vertically buried inside the ridge body. The deep layer sensor is located 0.5 meters away from the ridge surface, the middle layer is at a depth of 0.3 meters, and the surface layer is placed at a shallow depth of 0.1 meters. The sensor probe uses electrochemical principle, connected to the control cabinet through waterproof cable, and automatically records data every hour. A PVC aeration pipe with an outer diameter of 55 mm is laid at the bottom of the ridge ditch, and aeration holes with a diameter of 1.8 mm are opened at an angle of 45 degrees on the pipe wall, with a hole distance of 10 cm. The pipe network is connected to a high-pressure air pump through galvanized steel pipes, and the air pump has a rated outlet pressure of 0.15 MPa, covering 15 ridge ditches per pump.

[0118] Comparative example: A certain earthworm breeding farm in Guangxi uses manual detection method, workers insert metal probes into the soil after rain, and judge the degree of oxygen deficiency by observing the number of earthworms climbing up. This method cannot quantify the oxygen content below 0.4 meters, and in the summer of 2023, a large area of earthworms suffocated due to delayed response in the breeding area. In this scheme, when any sensor detects a value below 5 mg / L for three consecutive times, the system automatically starts the air pump. For example, after the middle layer measures 3.8 mg / L of oxygen content, the aeration time is calculated according to the preset formula. After the air pump runs, it is static for thirty minutes, and the sensor re-measures the data to decide whether to increase oxygen again.

[0119] The aeration pipe network is laid along the ridge ditch longitudinally, with a branch pipe spacing of 1.5 meters. Compared with the surface aeration disc used by a local base, the inclined holes in this design make the bubble group directly shoot towards the core area of the ridge. Practice shows that this system can complete the oxygenation intervention before the earthworms show stress response, avoiding the damage to soil structure caused by traditional manual intervention.

[0120] Difference from the closest prior art:

[0121] 1. Monitoring depth innovation

[0122] Traditional methods can only detect 0.2 meters of shallow soil, and this technology realizes 0.1-0.5 meters of full profile monitoring through three layers of sensors, accurately capturing the deep oxygen deficiency state.

[0123] 2. Response logic optimization

[0124] The existing technology relies on visual observation of biological behavior, and this system is based on a continuous data trigger mechanism, which actively intervenes before the oxygen content drops to the critical threshold.

[0125] 3. Oxygenation method improvement

[0126] Compared with surface aeration equipment, the inclined hole pipe network at the bottom of the ditch makes oxygen directly reach the dense activity layer of earthworms, and the pressure of 0.15 MPa overcomes the penetration resistance of red clay.

[0127] 4. Control closed loop establishment

[0128] The artificial operation has the problem of randomness of oxygen increasing time. The scheme ensures that the oxygen content is stable at a safety threshold through the "monitoring-execution-verification" process.

[0129] <Embodiment 4>

[0130] The outer main pipe network can select a UPVC pipe with a nominal diameter of 55 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm. The pipe body is provided with a main aeration hole with a diameter of 1.8 mm at an inclination angle of 45°, and the hole density is 9 per meter. The inner layer branch pipe network can select a PE pipe with an outer diameter of 22 mm, and symmetrically provided with auxiliary aeration holes with a diameter of 0.9 mm, and the hole density is 18 per meter. The aeration hole is embedded with an elastic silica gel sleeve, and the silica gel material can select food-grade liquid silica gel with a normal aperture consistent with the hole opening. The main pipe network is laid along the center of the ridge ditch bottom, and the branch pipe network is nested in the inner cavity of the main pipe, and the two ends are fixed with rubber sealing rings. Working process: when aeration normally, airflow is obliquely sprayed from the main and auxiliary holes; when backwashing, the silica gel sleeve is expanded to 1.5 times the original hole diameter (e.g. 1.8 mm hole expands to 2.7 mm) under water pressure.

[0131] The air pressure sensor can select a piezoresistive transmitter with a range of 0-0.1 MPa and an accuracy of ±1% FS, and is installed at the flange interface of the first end and the last end of the main pipe network. The high-pressure water source interface can be connected to a DN25 high-pressure hose, and the water source pressure is set to 0.3 MPa, and a Y-type filter is installed at the interface. The electromagnetic switching valve can select a three-position four-way valve, which is normally connected to the air pump pipeline, and switched to the water source pipeline in backwashing position. Assembly position: the sensor is directly screwed into the pressure measuring port of the pipe network, and the electromagnetic valve is fixed in the control box at the end of the ridge ditch. Working process: when the pressure difference between the first end and the last end is ≥0.05 MPa, the sensor outputs a 4-20 mA signal to the controller.

[0132] Control parameter setting: the pressure difference threshold is 0.05 MPa, and the backwashing time is 150 seconds. The central controller can select an embedded system with a built-in time delay relay. The working process is divided into three steps: a) turn off the air pump within 5 seconds after detecting that the pressure difference exceeds the standard; b) switch the electromagnetic valve to the water source path, and continuously inject high-pressure water flow for 150 seconds; c) automatically restore the aeration mode and restart the air pump. Function test: in a water body with sludge concentration of 30 g / L, continuously run for 240 hours, when the aeration efficiency decreases by 15%, the system triggers backwashing, and the air pressure recovers to 98%±2% of the initial value after flushing.

[0133] Technical effect: the silica gel sleeve expansion mechanism realizes deep cleaning of the aeration hole, avoiding damage to the pipe wall caused by traditional physical through holes. The double-layer pipe network structure forms a ring-shaped turbulent flow, improving the flushing coverage. The pressure difference triggering mechanism realizes on-demand maintenance, ensuring long-term stable operation of the aeration system, and reducing the frequency of manual cleaning operation.

[0134] Application example: In a certain eisenia fetida breeding field in Guangxi (layout as in Example 1), double-layer aeration pipe network is laid at the bottom of the ridge ditch. The outer main pipe network is made of UPVC pipe with an outer diameter of 55 mm, and the main aeration holes with a diameter of 1.8 mm are opened on the pipe wall at an angle of 45 degrees, with a hole spacing of 10 cm. The inner layer branch pipe network is nested in it, using PE pipe with an outer diameter of 25 mm, and the auxiliary aeration holes with a diameter of 0.9 mm are symmetrically opened on the pipe wall, with a hole density of 18 per meter. The first and last ends of the main pipe network are equipped with differential pressure sensors, and the high-pressure water source interface is connected to the irrigation system through a DN25 hose, with a water source pressure of 0.3 MPa. The electromagnetic switch valve is integrated in the control box, and is connected to the air pump pipeline in normal state.

[0135] All aeration holes are embedded with food-grade silica gel sleeves, and the normal inner diameter of the silica gel sleeve is consistent with the aeration hole. In the backwashing mode, the high-pressure water flow drives the silica gel sleeve to expand radially to 1.5 times the original hole diameter. A certain base in Hechi, Guangxi, once used single-layer perforated aeration pipes, which failed to oxygenate in 2023 due to clogged holes, and workers had to disassemble the pipes and use steel needles to clean the holes every month. When the differential pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the first and last ends is ≥0.05 MPa, the central controller automatically turns off the air pump and switches the electromagnetic valve to the backwashing mode. After 150 seconds of continuous high-pressure water flow, the aeration is restored, and the whole process does not require manual intervention.

[0136] Compared with traditional single-layer pipe network, the nested structure of this design forms a bidirectional flushing flow channel. When backwashing, high-pressure water flow penetrates both the main and auxiliary holes, and the expanded silica gel sleeve peels off the hole wall mud. Practice shows that this system has not been clogged for six months of continuous operation in red clay sites, while traditional single-layer pipes need to be shut down for cleaning twice a month.

[0137] Difference from the closest prior art:

[0138] 1. Innovation of cleaning mechanism

[0139] Traditional manual hole cleaning can only handle apparent blockage and cannot remove adhered biofilm inside the hole. This technology achieves deep cleaning of the hole wall through silica gel sleeve expansion.

[0140] 2. Optimization of structure design

[0141] The water flow is unevenly distributed when backwashing in single-layer pipe network, and the double-layer nesting forms turbulent flow in the gap between the main pipe and the branch pipe, improving the flushing coverage.

[0142] 3. Upgrade of triggering method

[0143] The prior art relies on regular shutdown for maintenance, and this system starts backwashing based on real-time pressure difference changes, avoiding sudden failures caused by accumulated blockage.

[0144] <Example 5>

[0145] When the water balance control is implemented in a certain earthworm breeding field in Guangxi (layout as in Example 1), three groups of soil moisture sensors are vertically buried in the ridge body. The surface sensor is located at a depth of 0.1 meters from the ridge surface, the middle layer is at 0.4 meters, and the deep layer is placed at 0.6 meters. The sensor uses a capacitive principle, and collects volume moisture content data every 30 minutes. When the system detects that the difference between the surface and deep layer moisture content exceeds 0.3 for 2 consecutive hours, the control mechanism is automatically triggered: if the surface moisture content is lower than the deep layer, turn on the ridge ditch irrigation system, inject water at a flow rate of 0.5 cubic meters per hour for 15 minutes; if the deep layer water is higher than the surface, start the negative pressure ventilation pipe buried in the ridge bottom, and pump air at a negative pressure of 0.2 megapascal for 30 minutes. The control continues until the difference is less than 0.1 and stops for 3 hours.

[0146] When the control is triggered for the first time, the system records the surface moisture content change rate and the deep layer change rate simultaneously. The water conductivity feedback coefficient a is obtained by calculating the ratio of the two. When the a value is greater than or equal to 1.2, the water injection flow rate is automatically reduced to 0.3 cubic meters per hour, and the single time is extended to 25 minutes; if the a value is less than or equal to 0.8, the flow rate is increased to 0.7 cubic meters per hour, and the time is shortened to 10 minutes. When deep layer ventilation is performed, if the a value is greater than 1.0, maintain a negative pressure of 0.2 megapascal, and if the a value is less than 1.0, increase to 0.25 megapascal. When the soil type changes or the coefficient is not triggered for three consecutive times, the historical a value is automatically cleared.

[0147] Comparison with prior art: The unified breeding farm uses unified irrigation parameters, such as a certain base in Guangxi, which injects water for 20 minutes every day. This method ignores soil texture differences: in sandy soil plots, rapid water infiltration leads to surface drought, and earthworm escape phenomenon occurs frequently; in clay plots, slow infiltration causes deep water accumulation. When workers adjust by experience, there is a lack of quantitative basis, and it is often lagging behind the actual needs. This scheme accurately identifies the direction of water imbalance through layered monitoring, and differentiates the execution of surface water replenishment or deep layer drainage. The water conductivity coefficient a dynamically corrects the operating parameters, for example, in sandy soil areas, the water injection time is automatically shortened to avoid waste, and in clay areas, the negative pressure is increased to promote water diffusion. After implementation, it is observed that the phenomena of surface drought and deep water accumulation in the ridge body are reduced, and the earthworm escape behavior is controlled.

[0148] <Example 6>

[0149] When the water control is implemented in a certain earthworm breeding field in Guangxi (layout as in Example 1), the system automatically records the moisture content change data after the first layered irrigation is triggered. The surface sensor is located at a depth of 0.1 meters from the ridge surface, and the deep sensor is placed at a depth of 0.6 meters. Within 30 minutes after water injection, the surface moisture content increases from 0.25 to 0.35, and the deep layer moisture content decreases from 0.60 to 0.55. The system calculates the surface change rate V 表 = 0.1 / 30 = 0.0033% / min, and the deep change rate V 深= 0.05 / 30 = 0.0017% / min, water conductivity feedback coefficient a = V 表 / V 深 = 1.94. Since the a value is greater than 1.2, the system automatically reduces the subsequent water injection flow from 0.5 cubic meters per hour to 0.3 cubic meters per hour, and the single time length is extended to 25 minutes.

[0150] When deep ventilation regulation is performed, if a = 0.85 (less than 1.0) is measured, the negative pressure intensity is increased from 0.2 MPa to 0.25 MPa. In a certain sandy loam region in Yulin, a = 0.72 is calculated after the first irrigation, triggering the flow to be increased to 0.7 cubic meters per hour and the time length to be shortened to 10 minutes. When the soil type changes each time, the historical a value is automatically cleared. If the coefficient calibration is not triggered for three consecutive times, for example, the three AW do not exceed the 0.3 threshold, the system also clears the stored data.

[0151] Comparison with existing technology: In the traditional method, workers usually operate in a fixed mode: for example, a certain base in Guangxi uniformly uses a flow of 0.5 cubic meters per hour to inject water for 15 minutes for all plots. This operation causes rapid water infiltration in sandy soil areas, and insufficient surface water replenishment causes earthworms to escape; in clay areas, deep water accumulation occurs due to water retention. Manual adjustment relies on experience and observation, such as judging humidity by digging soil, and the response is lagging and destroys the ridge structure.

[0152] The present scheme accurately identifies the differences in soil water conductivity characteristics by calculating the water conductivity coefficient a in real time. High a value in sandy soil areas triggers low-speed long-time irrigation, ensuring sufficient surface water infiltration; low a value in clay areas corresponds to high-speed short-time irrigation, avoiding deep accumulation. The ventilation negative pressure is dynamically adjusted according to the a value, and the suction force is increased in clay areas to promote water diffusion. Observations show that this method can reduce the failure of regulation caused by soil heterogeneity and maintain water balance in the ridge.

[0153] <Example 7>

[0154] In a certain earthworm breeding base in Guangxi (layout as in Example 1), a gas monitoring unit is installed at the junction of the raw material pretreatment area and the core breeding area. The sensor array has a spacing of 12 meters and is fixed at a height of 1.8 meters from the ground, and includes an ammonia gas sensor with a range of 0-50 ppm and a hydrogen sulfide sensor with a range of 0-10 ppm. Data is collected every minute, and when the ammonia concentration is greater than or equal to 10 ppm for 5 consecutive minutes or the hydrogen sulfide concentration is greater than or equal to 1 ppm, the boundary line directional air curtain device is triggered. The air jet nozzle array has a spacing of 2.5 meters, and the initial air flow speed is set to 4 m / s, with the air jet direction at a 30° angle to the ground. If the concentration does not drop to the safety threshold of ammonia < 5 ppm and hydrogen sulfide < 0.5 ppm within 10 minutes, the integrated spray unit is activated simultaneously, and the atomizing nozzle sprays water mist with a particle size of ≤ 50 microns, with a water flow rate of 1 m 3 / h. After the concentration meets the standard, it is maintained for 15 minutes, and the system turns off the spray and air curtain in turn.

[0155] Traditional farms use ordinary exhaust fans, such as Fangchenggang some base in the raw material area side wall installation axial flow fan. This way to form a disordered airflow, the actual measurement shows that 30% of the gas will flow to the breeding area. Workers found that the earthworms escaped after manually open the spray, response delay often more than 20 minutes. The program through the air curtain to form a 30° angle of the directional airflow barrier, in 0-2 meters from the ground height to form an effective isolation layer. Spray unit and air curtain linkage, water mist particles carrying pollutants sedimentation. Observation shows that the system can be within 8 minutes to suppress the concentration of gas concentration in the safety threshold, reduce the earthworms mass escape phenomenon.

[0156] Although embodiments of the present application have been disclosed as above, it is not limited only to the use listed in the specification and embodiments, it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present application, and additional modifications can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art, and therefore the present application is not limited to specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope.

Claims

1. A worm farming facility, characterized in that, The farm includes: The raw material pretreatment and storage area is located upwind of the entrance to the breeding site. The raw material pretreatment and storage area is equipped with hardened ground facilities, rain shelters, fermentation tanks and raw material warehouses for the fermentation, composting and storage of livestock and poultry manure and straw-type auxiliary materials. The core breeding and production area is located in the center of the site. The core breeding and production area is divided into breeding earthworm area, breeding area and fattening area according to the breeding stage. Mechanical passages with a width of 1.5 meters to 2 meters are set between the breeding earthworm area, breeding area and fattening area. The core breeding and production area adopts a ridge breeding structure with a ridge width of 1 to 2 meters and a ridge height of 0.75 meters to 1 meter. A furrow with a width of 0.4 meters to 0.8 meters is formed between adjacent ridges. A circular drainage ditch is arranged along the boundary of the breeding area, and the furrow is connected to the circular drainage ditch with a slope of 0.3% to 0.5%. The finished product processing and storage area is located downwind of the breeding site exit. The finished product processing and storage area is equipped with a vermicompost drying area and a live vermicompost processing area. An isolation zone is set up around the breeding area. The isolation zone is either a dug epidemic prevention ditch or a laid sand belt. The management and support area is located at the entrance of the site and is equipped with a tool room and water and electricity facilities. The manure treatment area is located downwind of the core breeding and production area and is equipped with sewage sedimentation tanks and composting facilities. The main road connects the site entrance, raw material pretreatment and storage area, core breeding production area, finished product processing and storage area, and management and auxiliary area. The main road is 3 to 4 meters wide and is paved. Branch roads connect the various breeding areas, and are 1.5 to 2 meters wide.

2. The *Pheretima asiatica* farming farm according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Water level monitoring points are set at key confluence points of the circular drainage ditch; At least one adjustable drainage gate is provided in the downstream section of the annular drainage ditch, and the gate height of the adjustable drainage gate can be adjusted within the range of 0.8 meters to 1 meter; Water-blocking weirs are installed at the junction of the furrows and the circular drainage ditches in the core aquaculture production area. The height is 0.3 meters to 0.4 meters, and the bottom of the weir plate has discharge holes with a diameter of 2 centimeters to 3 centimeters. The total number of discharge holes is... The area accounts for 15% to 25% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the furrow; When the water level monitoring point detects that the water level exceeds the bottom of the circular drainage ditch by 0.6 meters, the following steps are performed: a) Fully open the adjustable drainage gate; b) Install a weir plate with drainage holes at the ridge-ditch connection in the upstream area of ​​the ring drainage ditch; c) Continuously monitor the water level. When the water level drops to 0.3 meters below the bottom of the circular drainage ditch, remove the equipment from step b). The installed water-blocking weir plate.

3. The *Pheretima asiatica* farming farm according to claim 1, characterized in that, A dynamic soil oxygen content control system is installed in the core aquaculture production area to regulate the oxygen content of the soil in the raised beds. This system includes: The oxygen content monitoring unit consists of multi-point oxygen content sensors buried inside the ridges in the core aquaculture production area. The sensors are vertically distributed at the bottom, middle and surface of the ridges, at depths of 0.3 meters, 0.5 meters and 0.1 meters from the ridge surface, respectively, and the monitoring frequency is once per hour. The aeration and oxygenation system includes a porous aeration pipe network laid at the bottom of the furrow. The aeration pipe network is connected to a high-pressure air pump through branch pipes. The outlet pressure of the air pump is 0.1MPa to 0.2MPa.

4. The *Pheretima asiatica* farming farm according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control logic of the soil oxygen content dynamic regulation system is as follows: When the oxygen content sensor reading inside any ridge is below 5 mg / L for three consecutive times, the aeration and oxygenation system is activated. The duration of aeration is calculated using the formula T = K × (8 - O) min )Calculation, T is in minutes; O min The lowest measured oxygen content is expressed in mg / L; K: correction factor, with a value of 2.

5. After aeration, let the mixture stand for 30 minutes and then re-monitor the oxygen content. If it is still below 5 mg / L, repeat the aeration process until the target is met.

5. The *Pheretima asiatica* farming farm according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an anti-clogging system, which comprises: The double-layer aeration pipe network structure includes an outer main pipe network and an inner branch pipe network; the outer main pipe network is laid at the bottom of the furrow. The pipe has a diameter of 50mm to 60mm and downward-sloping main aeration holes with a diameter of 1.5mm to 2mm. The holes are densely packed. 8-10 holes / meter, with the opening direction at an angle of 45°±5° to the horizontal plane; The inner branch network is nested within the outer main network, with a pipe diameter of 20mm to 25mm, and auxiliary aeration is symmetrically installed on the pipe wall. Holes, with a diameter of 0.8 mm to 1 mm and a pore density of 15 to 20 pores per meter; The air pressure-linked backwashing unit includes an air pressure sensor, a high-pressure water source interface, and an electromagnetic switching valve: the air pressure sensor is installed at both the beginning and end of the outer main pipeline to monitor air pressure changes within the pipeline in real time; the high-pressure water source interface is connected to the aeration unit. At the inlet of the pipeline, the water source pressure is 0.25MPa~0.35MPa; the electromagnetic switching valve is controlled by the central controller and is used for switching... Switch between aeration and backwashing modes; The main aeration holes and auxiliary aeration holes are embedded with elastic silicone sleeves. Under normal conditions, the inner diameter of the silicone sleeves is the same as the diameter of the aeration holes. Consistent; in backwash mode, high-pressure water flow drives the silicone sleeve to expand radially to 1.5 times the original aperture. The control logic of the anti-clogging system is as follows: When the pressure sensor detects a pressure difference ≥ 0.05 MPa between the beginning and end of the pipeline network, the central controller executes: a) Turn off the high-pressure air pump and switch the solenoid valve to backwash mode; b) High-pressure water flow is continuously injected for 120–180 seconds; c) Restore the aeration mode and restart the high-pressure air pump.

6. The *Pheretima asiatica* farming farm according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical moisture balance control system of the ridge includes a gradient moisture monitoring unit: the gradient moisture monitoring unit has three sets of moisture sensors buried inside the ridge in the core breeding production area, located on the surface of the ridge, 0.1 meters away from the ridge surface; in the middle layer, 0.4 meters away from the ridge surface; and in the deep layer, 0.6 meters away from the ridge surface, respectively, to monitor the volumetric water content of the soil in each layer in real time, with a sampling frequency of once every 30 minutes; This system regulates the moisture content of the ridges through a tiered control mechanism, specifically: When the difference in water content between the surface layer and the deep layer is ΔW=∣W 表 -W 深 | If W is ≥0.3 for 2 consecutive hours, start gradient irrigation or pumping ventilation: if the surface is dry 表 <W 深 Turn on the furrow irrigation system, with a depth of 0.5m. 3 Inject water into the furrows at a flow rate of / h for 15 minutes to replenish surface moisture; If the surface water depth (W) is greater than the depth (W), activate the negative pressure ventilation pipe buried at the bottom of the ridge and pump air at a negative pressure of 0.2 MPa for 30 minutes to promote the diffusion of deep water to the middle layer. When ΔW≤0.1 and continues for 3 hours, the control operation is terminated.

7. The *Pheretima asiatica* farming farm according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the gradient moisture monitoring unit is activated, when the stratified regulation mechanism is triggered for the first time, the rate of change V of surface soil moisture content is recorded simultaneously. 表 =ΔW 表 / Δt, in units of % / min, is related to the rate of change of deep water content V. 深 =ΔW 深 / Δt; Calculate the hydraulic conductivity feedback coefficient α = V 表 / V 深 ; If α ≥ 1.2, reduce the furrow irrigation flow rate to 0.3 m³ / h. 3 / h, the duration of a single water injection is extended to 25 minutes; If α ≤ 0.8, increase the injection flow rate to 0.7 m³ / h. 3 / h, the single water injection time is shortened to 10 minutes; When deep ventilation is activated, the negative pressure intensity is adjusted based on the α value: When α > 1.0, maintain a negative pressure of 0.2 MPa; When α < 1.0, the negative pressure will be increased to 0.25 MPa; When the soil type changes or the hydraulic conductivity calibration is not triggered after three consecutive adjustments, the historical α value is cleared.

8. The *Pheretima asiatica* farming farm according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a harmful gas diffusion suppression system, which includes: The gas concentration monitoring unit consists of multiple gas sensor arrays deployed at the junction of the raw material pretreatment and storage area and the core aquaculture production area. The sensor array includes ammonia sensors and hydrogen sulfide sensors. The monitoring point spacing is 10 to 15 meters, the installation height is 1.5 to 2 meters above the ground, and the data sampling frequency is once per minute. The directional air curtain generating device is installed on the boundary line of the raw material pretreatment and storage area near the core aquaculture production area. It includes an adjustable high-pressure jet nozzle array with a nozzle spacing of 2 to 3 meters, a jet direction at an elevation angle of 30°±5° to the ground, and an airflow speed range of 3m / s to 8m / s. The water spray unit, integrated into the air curtain generating device, includes a high-pressure water pump and atomizing nozzles, with an atomized particle size ≤50 micrometers and an adjustable water flow rate range of 0.5m. 3 / h to 1.5m 3 / h; The control module adjusts the air curtain generating device and the water source spraying unit in real time based on data from the gas concentration monitoring unit.

9. The *Pheretima asiatica* farming farm according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control logic of the harmful gas diffusion suppression system is as follows: When the NH3 concentration is ≥10ppm for 5 consecutive minutes or the H2S concentration is ≥1ppm for 5 consecutive minutes, the directional air curtain generating device is activated. The initial airflow velocity is set to 4m / s and increases linearly according to the proportion of concentration exceeding the standard, up to a maximum of 8m / s. If the concentration does not drop to the safe threshold within 10 minutes after the air curtain is activated (NH3 concentration < 5 ppm, H2S concentration < 0.5 ppm), the water source spray unit will be activated simultaneously, with the water flow rate set to 1 m³ / min. 3 / h; When the concentration drops to the safe threshold and remains there for 15 minutes, turn off the water source spray unit and gradually reduce the airflow speed of the air curtain until it stops.