Real-time monitoring method and device for nuclear waste treatment

Abstract

The invention provides a real-time monitoring method and device for nuclear waste treatment, and relates to the technical field of nuclear power plant production management, and the method comprises the steps: employing a temperature and stress sensing array which is packaged in a radiation shielding sleeve and is integrated in a radiation-resistant sealing module and is based on a fiber Bragg grating; detecting and recording optical signals of tiny deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container; converting the optical signal into a denoised electric signal by using a photoelectric converter and a band-pass filter in the sealing module; after the electric signals are integrated through a multiplexer, the electric signals are transmitted and analyzed through an underground optical fiber link and a dual-redundancy high-speed data switch, and graded early warning is carried out according to analyzed tiny deformation, temperature changes and mechanical dependent variables. Therefore, the service life of the temperature and stress sensing array in a high-radiation environment is prolonged, the accuracy of data acquisition is improved, the anti-interference capability of data transmission is improved, real-time graded early warning is realized, and the safety and controllability in the nuclear waste treatment process are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear power plant production management, and in particular to a nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Nuclear waste treatment is a highly risky technical activity, and the real-time monitoring system for nuclear waste treatment is crucial for the safety of workers and environmental protection. Traditional monitoring systems often rely on point sensors, which fail due to radiation damage, electromagnetic interference or environmental factors, resulting in inaccurate or delayed monitoring data. In addition, the large amount of heat and pressure changes generated during the nuclear waste treatment process can cause the rupture or leakage of the nuclear waste storage container, so a more reliable real-time monitoring method for nuclear waste treatment is urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] To this end, the first object of the present application is to provide a nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring method to improve the service life of temperature and stress sensor arrays in high radiation environments, the accuracy of data acquisition, and the anti-interference ability of data transmission, to achieve real-time hierarchical early warning and improve the safety and controllability of the nuclear waste treatment process.

[0005] The second object of the present application is to provide a nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring device.

[0006] The third object of the present application is to provide an electronic device.

[0007] The fourth object of the present application is to provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions.

[0008] To achieve the above objects, the first aspect of the present application provides a nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring method, which comprises:

[0009] By combining multiple temperature and stress sensor arrays based on fiber Bragg gratings and distributed acoustic wave sensing technology, the optical signals of the small deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container are detected and recorded, wherein the temperature and stress sensor arrays are deployed in the nuclear waste treatment environment and encapsulated in a radiation shielding sleeve;

[0010] The temperature and stress sensor arrays are integrated into a radiation-resistant sealed module and connected with a photoelectric converter in the sealed module, and a band-pass filter is connected at the front end of the photoelectric converter, to obtain the initial optical signal after the background noise in the optical signal is filtered out by the band-pass filter, and then convert the initial optical signal into an electrical signal through the photoelectric converter;

[0011] The electrical signals of the plurality of temperature and stress sensing arrays are received by a multiplexer, and the electrical signal data streams of different temperature and stress sensing arrays are integrated by time division multiplexing technology, and the electrical signal data streams are sampled and quantized based on a digital signal processor integrated in the multiplexer to convert into digital signal streams;

[0012] The digital signal streams are transmitted to a set master control room through an underground optical fiber link, and the digital signal streams are distributed to a plurality of data analysis servers for data analysis based on a double-redundant high-speed data switch set in the master control room, so as to obtain the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container;

[0013] Based on the difference between the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container and the preset multi-level early warning threshold, a hierarchical early warning is performed, and a corresponding hierarchical early warning strategy is executed.

[0014] To achieve the above purpose, a second aspect of the present application provides a nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring device, which comprises:

[0015] A detection module is used to detect and record the optical signals of the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container by combining a plurality of temperature and stress sensing arrays based on fiber Bragg gratings and distributed acoustic wave sensing technology, wherein the temperature and stress sensing arrays are deployed in a nuclear waste treatment environment and encapsulated in a radiation shielding sleeve;

[0016] A first conversion module is used to integrate the temperature and stress sensing arrays in a radiation-resistant sealed module, and connect the temperature and stress sensing arrays with a photoelectric converter in the sealed module, and a band-pass filter is connected to the front end of the photoelectric converter, so as to obtain the initial optical signal after the background noise in the optical signal is filtered by the band-pass filter, and then convert the initial optical signal into an electrical signal through the photoelectric converter;

[0017] A second conversion module is used to receive the electrical signals of the plurality of temperature and stress sensing arrays by a multiplexer, and integrate the electrical signal data streams of different temperature and stress sensing arrays by time division multiplexing technology, and then sample and quantize the electrical signal data streams based on a digital signal processor integrated in the multiplexer to convert into digital signal streams;

[0018] A data analysis module is used to transmit the digital signal streams to a set master control room through an underground optical fiber link, and distribute the digital signal streams to a plurality of data analysis servers for data analysis based on a double-redundant high-speed data switch set in the master control room, so as to obtain the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container;

[0019] The early warning module is configured to perform hierarchical early warning based on differences between the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container and preset hierarchical early warning thresholds, and execute corresponding hierarchical early warning strategies.

[0020] To achieve the above object, the third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory connected to the at least one processor in communication; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the method of the first aspect.

[0021] To achieve the above object, the fourth aspect of the present application provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to make the computer execute the method of the first aspect.

[0022] The nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring method and device, electronic device and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application detect and record the optical signals of the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container through the temperature and stress sensing array based on fiber Bragg grating packaged in the radiation shielding sleeve and integrated in the radiation-resistant sealed module; the optical signals are converted into denoised electrical signals by the photoelectric converter in the sealed module and the band-pass filter; after the electrical signals are integrated by the multiplexer, they are transmitted and analyzed through the underground optical fiber link and the double-redundant high-speed data switch, so that hierarchical early warning is performed according to the analyzed micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain. Therefore, the service life of the temperature and stress sensing array in the high radiation environment and the accuracy of data acquisition and the anti-interference ability of data transmission are improved, real-time hierarchical early warning is realized, and the safety and controllability in the nuclear waste treatment process are improved.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be made apparent by the following description and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 A flowchart of a nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar components are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0028] It should be noted that the acquisition, storage, use, processing, etc. of data in the technical solutions of the present application comply with relevant provisions of relevant laws and regulations.

[0029] The nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium of the embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 A flowchart of a nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.

[0031] As shown in FIG. 1, the method comprises the following steps: Figure 1

[0032] In step 101, a plurality of temperature and stress sensing arrays based on fiber Bragg grating and distributed acoustic sensing technology are combined to detect and record the optical signals of the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container, wherein the temperature and stress sensing arrays are deployed in the nuclear waste treatment environment and encapsulated in a radiation shielding sleeve.

[0033] Optionally, high-strength and high-density metal alloys or composite materials such as lead alloy, tungsten alloy or carbon fiber reinforced polymer can be selected as the encapsulation material to provide sufficient radiation shielding effect. High-temperature welding or vacuum packaging technology is also used to ensure that the temperature and stress sensing arrays are completely isolated from the external environment of the nuclear waste treatment, so as to avoid the entry of moisture, dust and other pollutants, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the temperature and stress sensing arrays in harsh environments.

[0034] ​In some possible embodiments, by combining a plurality of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) based temperature and stress sensing arrays and distributed acoustic sensing technology, optical signals of the nuclear waste storage container's micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain are detected and recorded, including: by modulating a laser light source to inject optical pulses of a set frequency into the temperature and stress sensing array of the Fiber Bragg Grating, to excite the temperature and stress sensing array to generate a reflection spectrum, and by analyzing the wavelength displacement change of the Bragg peak position in the reflection spectrum over time, the optical signals of the nuclear waste storage container's micro deformation are identified; the acoustic sensing technology is used to capture the acoustic signals generated by the activities inside or outside the container, and the phase change of the reflected light when the acoustic signals propagate in the Fiber Bragg Grating is analyzed to decode the acoustic signals to detect the optical signals of the temperature change and mechanical strain inside and outside the nuclear waste storage container.

[0035] Further, by modulating a laser light source to inject optical pulses of a set frequency into the temperature and stress sensing array of the Fiber Bragg Grating, to excite the temperature and stress sensing array to generate a reflection spectrum, and by analyzing the wavelength displacement change of the Bragg peak position in the reflection spectrum over time, the micro deformation of the nuclear waste storage container is identified, and the optical signals during the micro deformation are collected and recorded, including: by modulating a laser light source to inject optical pulses of a set frequency into the temperature and stress sensing array of the Fiber Bragg Grating, to excite the temperature and stress sensing array to generate a reflection spectrum, wherein the laser light source uses a tunable laser light source, and the wavelength range covers the Bragg reflection band of the temperature and stress sensing array; a spectrometer is used to monitor the position and width of the Bragg peak in the reflection spectrum in real time, and the wavelength displacement change of the Bragg peak position in the reflection spectrum over time is analyzed to identify the micro deformation caused by temperature or mechanical stress change, and the optical signals during the micro deformation are collected and recorded.

[0036] Specifically, a tunable laser light source is used, and the wavelength range thereof should cover the Bragg reflection band of the FBG temperature and stress sensing array. An external modulator is used to pulse modulate the laser light source to generate a sequence of optical pulses of a set frequency, to excite the FBG temperature and stress sensing array to generate a reflection spectrum; a spectrometer is used to monitor the reflection spectrum of the FBG temperature and stress sensing array in real time, especially the position and width of the Bragg peak, and by comparing the change of the Bragg peak over time, the optical signals of the micro deformation caused by temperature or mechanical stress change are identified. The micro deformation will cause the wavelength displacement change of the Bragg peak, and this wavelength displacement amount can be directly converted into the measurement of the micro deformation amount.

[0037] Further, the sound wave signal generated by the internal or external activity of the container is captured by using the sound wave sensing technology, and the phase change of the reflected light when the sound wave signal propagates in the fiber Bragg grating is analyzed to decode the sound wave signal to detect the temperature change and mechanical strain outside the nuclear waste storage container. The optical signal of the temperature change and mechanical strain is collected and recorded, including: using the sound wave sensing technology to capture the sound wave signal generated by the internal or external activity of the container, and analyzing the phase change of the reflected light when the sound wave signal propagates in the fiber Bragg grating, wherein the sound wave sensing technology is a distributed sound wave sensing technology integrated in the fiber Bragg grating of the temperature and stress sensing array; applying digital signal processing technology to extract the frequency and amplitude information of the sound wave signal from the phase change of the reflected light, and decoding the optical signal of the temperature change and mechanical strain outside the nuclear waste storage container by analyzing the frequency distribution and intensity change of the sound wave signal in combination with the historical relationship between the temperature, strain and sound wave signal.

[0038] Specifically, the distributed sound wave sensing technology, such as distributed fiber acoustic sensing (DAS), is integrated in the fiber Bragg grating to indirectly measure the sound wave signal by detecting the light phase change in the fiber caused by the sound wave. When the sound wave signal propagates in the fiber Bragg grating, it will cause a slight fluctuation in the refractive index of the fiber Bragg grating, thereby causing modulation of the light phase (phase change of the reflected light). This modulation can be captured by interference measurement technology. Digital signal processing technology, such as Fourier transform, is applied to extract the frequency and amplitude information of the sound wave signal from the phase change of the reflected light. By analyzing the characteristics of the sound wave signal, such as frequency distribution and intensity change, in combination with the known relationship between temperature, strain and sound wave signal, the optical signal of the temperature change and mechanical strain outside the nuclear waste storage container is decoded.

[0039] In addition, the real-time collection and processing of the optical signal and sound wave signal of the slight deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain can be realized through a high-speed data acquisition card and a computer. Then, the processed data is transmitted in real time to a remote monitoring center (a set master control room) through a secure optical fiber link communication network for in-depth analysis and decision making. Through the above specific embodiments, the precise monitoring of the slight deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container can be realized, and strong technical support is provided for the safety management of the nuclear waste treatment site.

[0040] In step 102, the temperature and stress sensing array is integrated in a radiation-resistant sealed module, and is connected with a photoelectric converter in the sealed module, and a band-pass filter is connected at the front end of the photoelectric converter. The initial optical signal after the background noise in the optical signal is filtered out by the band-pass filter is obtained, and then the initial optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric converter.

[0041] In some possible implementations, the photoelectric converter adopts an avalanche photodiode, the output frequency of the photoelectric converter is regulated by a phase-locked loop circuit, and automatic gain control or programmable gain amplifier technology is adopted to dynamically adjust the gain of the photoelectric converter; a band-pass filter is integrated in the front end of the photoelectric converter, and the passband of the band-pass filter is matched with the reflection spectrum of the FBG temperature and stress sensing array.

[0042] Specifically, the avalanche photodiode (APD) is selected as the core component of the photoelectric conversion, which has high gain characteristics to amplify weak light signals and ensure efficient conversion even in low light intensity conditions.

[0043] Band-pass filter integration: A band-pass filter is integrated in the front end of the photoelectric converter, and its passband should be matched with the reflection spectrum of the FBG temperature and stress sensing array, which can effectively block non-target wavelength light signals and reduce background noise interference, improving the purity of the light signal.

[0044] Phase-locked loop circuit application: The phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit is used to synchronize the output frequency of the photoelectric converter, ensuring the stability and consistency of the output electrical signal, even in the case of light signal intensity fluctuations, the quality of the electrical signal can be maintained.

[0045] Dynamic range expansion technology: Automatic gain control (AGC) or programmable gain amplifier (PGA) technology is used to automatically adjust the gain of the photoelectric converter to adapt to changes in light signals from very weak to strong, expanding the detection range of effective light signals.

[0046] Module packaging: The photoelectric converter is packaged in a radiation-resistant sealed module that has good radiation protection performance and ensures that internal components are not affected by external environmental factors such as temperature and humidity.

[0047] Circuit board design: When designing the circuit board, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) should be fully considered, and the layout of signal lines and power lines should be arranged reasonably to avoid mutual interference between signals.

[0048] Through the above specific implementation steps, a stable and efficient photoelectric conversion system can be constructed, which can accurately convert the light signal of the FBG temperature and stress sensing array into an electrical signal in a high radiation environment, and effectively filter noise, providing reliable data sources for real-time monitoring of nuclear waste disposal.

[0049] Step 103, receiving the electrical signals of multiple temperature and stress sensing arrays through the equipped multiplexer, and integrating the electrical signal data streams of different temperature and stress sensing arrays through time-division multiplexing technology, and then sampling and quantizing the electrical signal data streams based on the digital signal processor integrated in the multiplexer to convert them into digital signal streams.

[0050] Specifically, in the multiplexer, programmable time windows are set, each corresponding to a different temperature and stress sensing array; the digital signal processor (DSP) of the multiplexer samples and quantizes the input electrical signal data streams to generate digital signal streams. A non-volatile memory is integrated in the digital signal processor for storing pre-defined signal processing parameters; a digital signal processing algorithm is applied to adjust the signal gain and bandwidth in real time, and the working state of the digital signal processor is dynamically adjusted through a real-time feedback mechanism.

[0051] Programmable time windows are set in the multiplexer, each corresponding to one or a group of specific temperature and stress sensing arrays, ensuring that the multiplexer only receives and processes the electrical signals of the specified temperature and stress sensing arrays within a predetermined time period.

[0052] Using time-division multiplexing (TDM) technology, the electrical signals from different temperature and stress sensing arrays are received in turn according to a pre-set time period sequence, thereby integrating the data streams of multiple temperature and stress sensing arrays on a single data channel, reducing the risk of signal cross-interference. A high-performance digital signal processor (DSP) is integrated in the multiplexer to sample and quantify the analog electrical signal data streams received from each temperature and stress sensing array, converting them into digital signal streams for subsequent digital signal processing.

[0053] A non-volatile memory, such as a flash memory or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), is integrated in the digital signal processor for storing pre-defined signal processing parameters, such as the gain coefficient of automatic gain control, the configuration of the band-pass filter, the threshold setting, etc., ensuring that the settings of the digital signal processing will not be lost even after power failure. Advanced digital signal processing algorithms are applied to achieve real-time electrical signal data stream gain and bandwidth adjustment, including but not limited to automatic gain control (AGC), digital filtering (band-pass filter), noise suppression, and data compression, etc. A real-time feedback mechanism is established to dynamically adjust the working state of the digital signal processor according to its output quality, such as automatically adjusting the gain according to the change in electrical signal strength, or optimizing the band-pass filter parameters according to the noise level.

[0054] At step 104, the digital signal stream is transmitted to the set master control room through the underground optical fiber link, and the digital signal stream is distributed to multiple data analysis servers for data analysis based on the dual-redundant high-speed data switch set in the master control room, to obtain the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container.

[0055] In some possible embodiments, optical amplifiers are installed at both ends and relay points of the underground optical fiber link to compensate for the attenuation of the digital signal stream during transmission.

[0056] Optionally, fiber Bragg gratings are used as distributed temperature sensors to monitor the temperature along the optical fiber link within a set period; based on the temperature along the optical fiber link within the set period, the physical integrity of the optical fiber link is determined, which improves the anti-interference capability of data (digital signal stream) transmission, and also ensures the rapid distribution and processing of data, and the continuity and real-time performance of data transmission can be maintained even under extreme conditions.

[0057] Specifically, optical amplifiers are installed at both ends of the underground optical fiber link to compensate for the attenuation of the digital signal stream during long-distance transmission; fiber Bragg gratings are used as distributed temperature sensors to monitor the temperature along the optical fiber link and prevent overheating or low-temperature damage; regular optical fiber link integrity tests are performed to check the physical integrity of the optical fiber link and ensure the reliability of digital signal stream transmission.

[0058] In the high-speed data switch, a digital signal stream shaping strategy is implemented to balance the data load between the digital signal stream analysis servers; different digital signal streams are divided through virtual local area network technology, and a network monitoring module is integrated to continuously monitor the status of the high-speed data switch and provide early warning for potential network congestion or failure; load balancing algorithms are used to dynamically allocate digital signal stream processing tasks. Data caching strategies are adopted to pre-load common data processing tasks, implement parallel computing frameworks, and decompose data processing tasks into multiple sub-tasks for parallel processing by multiple servers.

[0059] Optical amplifiers are installed at the starting point and the ending point of the optical fiber link and necessary relay points to compensate for the natural attenuation of the digital signal stream during long-distance transmission, ensuring signal strength and data transmission quality. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature and stress sensing arrays are embedded in the optical fiber link, which are sensitive to temperature changes, to monitor the temperature along the optical fiber link in real time and prevent damage to the optical fiber link caused by overheating or low temperature. Regular integrity tests of the optical fiber link are performed to check whether the optical fibers in the optical fiber link are broken, excessively bent or disturbed by external factors, to ensure the physical integrity of the data transmission channel.

[0060] Two sets of high-speed data switches are installed in the main control room, forming a redundant architecture. Even if one of them fails, the other can seamlessly take over the data transmission task, ensuring the continuity of digital signal flow. The digital signal flow shaping strategy is implemented to reasonably allocate the flow of digital signal flow and avoid overloading a single server. Load balancing algorithms are used to dynamically allocate data processing tasks based on the real-time load of the server, improving overall processing efficiency. Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) technology is used to divide the network into multiple independent logical networks, providing dedicated transmission paths for different types of digital signal flow, enhancing data security and reducing network congestion. The network monitoring module is integrated to continuously monitor the status of high-speed data switches, including network traffic, delay, packet loss rate, etc., to timely detect and warn potential network problems such as congestion or hardware failure.

[0061] In step 105, based on the difference between the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container and the preset multi-level warning threshold, a hierarchical warning is performed, and the corresponding level warning strategy is executed.

[0062] Specifically, hierarchical warning can be achieved through a warning system, which includes: multi-level warning thresholds, which trigger different levels of warning according to the severity of abnormal data (micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain); visual and auditory warning devices for immediate notification of operating personnel in the main control room; remote warning transmitter sends emergency warning information and level warning strategy to designated mobile devices.

[0063] When the data analysis server detects abnormal data (micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain greater than the preset safety threshold), it immediately marks the abnormal data and records detailed information; automatically matches the abnormal data with the preset multi-level warning threshold to determine the warning level; start the warning system and execute the corresponding level warning strategy according to the warning level.

[0064] The data analysis server continuously monitors real-time digital signal streams from temperature and stress sensor arrays, using statistical analysis, machine learning models or other algorithms to detect abnormal patterns in digital signal streams. Once abnormal data exceeding the preset safety threshold is detected, immediately mark these abnormal data in the database and record detailed abnormal information, including timestamp, abnormal type, abnormal value, etc. According to the nature and severity of abnormal data, a multi-level warning threshold is preset. The setting of multi-level warning threshold should be based on historical data, industry standards and expert opinions to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the warning. The warning is divided into different levels, such as slight warning, important warning and emergency warning, each level of warning corresponds to different response strategies and emergency levels.

[0065] High-visibility display screens and loud buzzers are installed in the control room to instantly display warning information and sound alarms, ensuring that operators can immediately notice the warning even in a busy or noisy environment. Remote warning senders are configured to send a level warning strategy containing abnormal data and recommended actions to designated mobile devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, or professional communication devices) as soon as the warning system is activated, ensuring that relevant personnel can receive the warning no matter where they are.

[0066] When the abnormal data is marked, the abnormal data is automatically matched with the preset multi-level warning threshold to determine the warning level. The determination of the warning level directly affects the subsequent response actions. According to the warning level, the corresponding level warning strategy is automatically executed. For example, a slight warning may only trigger a visual warning in the control room, while an emergency warning may activate both visual and audible warnings in the control room, as well as remote warning senders, and even automatically start an emergency evacuation program, effectively preventing potential accident risks and protecting the safety of workers and the environment.

[0067] The nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring method of the embodiment of the application detects and records the optical signals of the slight deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container through the fiber Bragg grating-based temperature and stress sensing array packaged in the radiation shielding sleeve and integrated in the radiation-resistant sealed module; the optical signal is converted into a denoised electrical signal by the photoelectric converter in the sealed module and the band-pass filter; after the electrical signal is integrated by the multiplexer, it is transmitted and analyzed through the underground optical fiber link and the double-redundant high-speed data switch to perform hierarchical warning according to the analyzed slight deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain. Thus, the service life of the temperature and stress sensing array in a high radiation environment and the accuracy of data acquisition and the anti-interference ability of data transmission are improved, real-time hierarchical warning is realized, and the safety and controllability in the nuclear waste treatment process are improved.

[0068] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0069] As shown in Figure 2 The nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring device 20 includes a detection module 21, a first conversion module 22, a second conversion module 23, a data analysis module 24 and a warning module 25.

[0070] The detection module 21 is used to detect and record the optical signals of the slight deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container by combining multiple fiber Bragg grating-based temperature and stress sensing arrays and distributed acoustic wave sensing technology, wherein the temperature and stress sensing arrays are deployed in a nuclear waste treatment environment and packaged in a radiation shielding sleeve.

[0071] The first conversion module 22 is used for integrating the temperature and stress sensing array in a radiation-resistant sealed module, connecting the temperature and stress sensing array with a photoelectric converter in the sealed module, and connecting a band-pass filter at the front end of the photoelectric converter, so as to obtain an initial optical signal after the band-pass filter filters out background noise in an optical signal, and then convert the initial optical signal into an electrical signal through the photoelectric converter;

[0072] The second conversion module 23 is used for receiving electrical signals of a plurality of temperature and stress sensing arrays through a multiplexer, integrating electrical signal data streams of different temperature and stress sensing arrays through time division multiplexing technology, sampling and quantizing the electrical signal data streams based on a digital signal processor integrated in the multiplexer, and converting the electrical signal data streams into digital signal streams;

[0073] The data analysis module 24 is used for transmitting the digital signal streams to a set master control room through an underground optical fiber link, distributing the digital signal streams to a plurality of data analysis servers for data analysis based on a double-redundant high-speed data switch in the master control room, so as to obtain the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container.

[0074] The early warning module 25 is used for performing hierarchical early warning based on the difference between the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container and a plurality of preset hierarchical early warning thresholds, and executing corresponding hierarchical early warning strategies.

[0075] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the detection module 21 comprises:

[0076] The identification unit is used for injecting light pulses with a set frequency into the temperature and stress sensing array of the fiber Bragg grating through a modulated laser light source, so as to excite the temperature and stress sensing array to generate a reflected spectrum, and identify the optical signal of the micro deformation of the nuclear waste storage container by analyzing the wavelength displacement change of the Bragg peak position in the reflected spectrum over time.

[0077] The decoding unit is used for capturing acoustic wave signals generated by activities inside or outside the container by using acoustic wave sensing technology, and analyzing the phase change of reflected light when the acoustic wave signals propagate in the fiber Bragg grating, so as to decode the acoustic wave signals to detect the optical signals of the temperature change and mechanical strain inside and outside the nuclear waste storage container.

[0078] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the identification unit is specifically used for:

[0079] The temperature and stress sensing array of the fiber Bragg grating is injected with light pulses of a set frequency by modulating the temperature and stress sensing array of the laser light source to excite the temperature and stress sensing array to generate a reflected spectrum, wherein the laser light source uses a tunable laser light source, and the wavelength range covers the Bragg reflection band of the temperature and stress sensing array;

[0080] The position and width of the Bragg peak in the reflected spectrum are monitored in real time using a spectrometer, and the wavelength displacement of the Bragg peak position in the reflected spectrum over time is analyzed to identify the slight deformation caused by changes in temperature or mechanical stress, and the optical signal at the time of the slight deformation is collected and recorded.

[0081] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the decoding unit is specifically configured to:

[0082] The acoustic wave sensing technology is integrated into the fiber Bragg grating of the temperature and stress sensing array, and the acoustic wave signal generated by the internal or external activity of the container is captured, and the phase change of the reflected light when the acoustic wave signal propagates in the fiber Bragg grating is analyzed, wherein the acoustic wave sensing technology is a distributed acoustic wave sensing technology.

[0083] The frequency and amplitude information of the acoustic wave signal are extracted from the phase change of the reflected light by using digital signal processing technology, and the optical signal of the temperature change and mechanical strain inside and outside the nuclear waste storage container is decoded by analyzing the frequency distribution and intensity change of the acoustic wave signal and combining the historical relationship between the temperature, strain and acoustic wave signal.

[0084] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the photoelectric converter uses an avalanche photodiode, the output frequency of the photoelectric converter is regulated through a phase-locked loop circuit, and automatic gain control or programmable gain amplifier technology is used to enable the photoelectric converter to dynamically adjust the gain of the optical signal; the bandpass filter is integrated in the front end of the photoelectric converter, and the passband of the bandpass filter matches the reflected spectrum of the temperature and stress sensing array.

[0085] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, optical amplifiers are installed at both ends and relay points of the underground optical fiber link to compensate for the attenuation of the digital signal stream in the transmission process.

[0086] Further, in a possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the device further includes:

[0087] The monitoring module is configured to use the fiber Bragg grating as a distributed temperature sensor to monitor the temperature along the optical fiber link in a set period.

[0088] The determining module is configured to determine the physical integrity of the optical fiber link based on the temperature along the optical fiber link in the set period.

[0089] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the method embodiment also applies to the device of this embodiment, which will not be described here again.

[0090] The nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring device of the embodiment of the application detects and records the optical signals of the slight deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container through the fiber Bragg grating-based temperature and stress sensing array packaged in the radiation shielding sleeve and integrated in the radiation-resistant sealed module; converts the optical signals into denoised electrical signals by using the photoelectric converter in the sealed module and the band-pass filter; integrates the electrical signals by the multiplexer, and then transmits and analyzes the electrical signals through the underground optical fiber link and the double-redundant high-speed data switch, so as to perform hierarchical early warning according to the analyzed slight deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain. In this way, the service life of the temperature and stress sensing array in the high radiation environment and the accuracy of data acquisition and the anti-interference ability of data transmission are improved, real-time hierarchical early warning is realized, and the safety and controllability in the nuclear waste treatment process are improved.

[0091] To achieve the above-mentioned embodiments, the application further provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0092] at least one processor; and a memory connected with the at least one processor in communication; wherein,

[0093] The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the foregoing method.

[0094] To achieve the above-mentioned embodiments, the application further provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions, the computer instructions being used to make the computer execute the foregoing method.

[0095] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0096] Moreover, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used herein only to describe different instances, and do not imply or suggest relative importance or a number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second" can include at least one of such features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, for example two, three, etc., unless explicitly specified otherwise.

[0097] Any process or method descriptions or blocks in flow charts described herein and elsewhere can be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps in the process. Alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiments of the application in which additional functionality can be added or existing functionality can be modified by, for example, adding, removing or modifying the steps of the process described.

[0098] Logic and / or steps represented in flow charts described herein and elsewhere, for example, can be embodied in computer-readable media, which can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computing system, including a processor-based system, computer-based system, or similar electronic computing device. By way of example, such computer-readable media can use transmission-type techniques over

[0099] It should be understood that each part of the present application can be realized by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be realized by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. As in another embodiment, if realized by hardware, any one or a combination of the following technologies known in the art can be used: discrete logic circuit with logic gate circuit for implementing logic function on data signal, application specific integrated circuit with suitable combination logic gate circuit, programmable gate array (PGA), field programmable gate array (FPGA) and the like.

[0100] Those skilled in the art of the present technology can understand that all or part of the steps carried out by the above-mentioned embodiment method can be completed by a program instructing the relevant hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one of the steps of the method embodiment or a combination thereof.

[0101] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing module, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one module. The above-mentioned integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional module. The integrated module, if realized in the form of software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, can also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.

[0102] The above-mentioned storage medium can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above-mentioned embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for real-time monitoring of nuclear waste processing, characterized by, The method comprises: By combining a plurality of fiber Bragg grating-based temperature and stress sensing arrays and distributed acoustic sensing technology, the optical signals of the nuclear waste storage container's micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain are detected and recorded, wherein the temperature and stress sensing arrays are deployed in the nuclear waste treatment environment and encapsulated in a radiation shielding sleeve; The temperature and stress sensing arrays are integrated in a radiation-resistant sealed module and connected with photoelectric converters in the sealed module, and a band-pass filter is connected in front of the photoelectric converters, so as to obtain the initial optical signals after the background noise in the optical signals is filtered out by the band-pass filter, and then the initial optical signals are converted into electrical signals by the photoelectric converters; The electrical signals of the multiple temperature and stress sensing arrays are received by the equipped multiplexer, and the electrical signal data streams of different temperature and stress sensing arrays are integrated by time division multiplexing technology, and then the electrical signal data streams are sampled and quantized based on the digital signal processor integrated in the multiplexer to convert into digital signal streams; The digital signal streams are transmitted to the set master control room through the underground optical fiber link, and the digital signal streams are distributed to multiple data analysis servers for data analysis based on the dual-redundant high-speed data switch set in the master control room, so as to obtain the nuclear waste storage container's micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain; Based on the difference between the nuclear waste storage container's micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain and the preset multi-level early warning threshold, a hierarchical early warning is performed, and the corresponding level early warning strategy is executed.

2. The nuclear waste processing real-time monitoring method of claim 1, wherein, The method comprises: By modulating the laser light source to inject optical pulses with a set frequency into the fiber Bragg grating-based temperature and stress sensing arrays, the reflection spectrum generated by the temperature and stress sensing arrays is excited, and by analyzing the wavelength displacement change of the Bragg peak position in the reflection spectrum over time, the optical signals of the nuclear waste storage container's micro deformation are identified; By using acoustic sensing technology to capture acoustic signals generated by internal or external activities of the container, and analyzing the phase change of reflected light when the acoustic signals propagate in the fiber Bragg grating, the acoustic signals are decoded to detect the optical signals of the temperature change and mechanical strain inside and outside the nuclear waste storage container.

3. The nuclear waste processing real-time monitoring method of claim 2, wherein, The method comprises: By modulating the laser light source to inject optical pulses with a set frequency into the fiber Bragg grating-based temperature and stress sensing arrays, the reflection spectrum generated by the temperature and stress sensing arrays is excited, and by analyzing the wavelength displacement change of the Bragg peak position in the reflection spectrum over time, the optical signals of the nuclear waste storage container's micro deformation are identified; By modulating the laser light source to inject optical pulses with a set frequency into the fiber Bragg grating-based temperature and stress sensing arrays, the reflection spectrum generated by the temperature and stress sensing arrays is excited, and by analyzing the wavelength displacement change of the Bragg peak position in the reflection spectrum over time, the optical signals of the nuclear waste storage container's micro deformation are identified; By using acoustic sensing technology to capture acoustic signals generated by internal or external activities of the container, and analyzing the phase change of reflected light when the acoustic signals propagate in the fiber Bragg grating, the acoustic signals are decoded to detect the optical signals of the temperature change and mechanical strain inside and outside the nuclear waste storage container. The position and width of the Bragg peak in the reflection spectrum are monitored in real time using a spectrometer, and the wavelength displacement of the Bragg peak position in the reflection spectrum over time is analyzed to identify the slight deformation caused by temperature or mechanical stress changes, and the optical signal at the time of the slight deformation is collected and recorded.

4. The nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring method of claim 2, wherein, The acoustic wave sensing technology is used to capture acoustic wave signals generated by internal or external activities of the container, and the phase change of reflected light when the acoustic wave signals propagate in the fiber Bragg grating is analyzed to decode the acoustic wave signals to detect the temperature changes and mechanical strains inside and outside the nuclear waste storage container, and the optical signals of the temperature changes and mechanical strains are collected and recorded, including: The acoustic wave sensing technology is used to capture acoustic wave signals generated by internal or external activities of the container, and the phase change of reflected light when the acoustic wave signals propagate in the fiber Bragg grating is analyzed, wherein the acoustic wave sensing technology is a distributed acoustic wave sensing technology integrated in the fiber Bragg grating of the temperature and stress sensing array; The frequency and amplitude information of the acoustic wave signals are extracted from the phase change of the reflected light by applying digital signal processing technology, and the frequency distribution and intensity change of the acoustic wave signals are analyzed to decode the optical signals of the temperature changes and mechanical strains inside and outside the nuclear waste storage container in combination with the historical relationship between temperature, strain and acoustic wave signals.

5. The nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring method of claim 1, wherein, The avalanche photodiode is used as the photoelectric converter, the output frequency of the photoelectric converter is regulated through the phase-locked loop circuit, and the automatic gain control or programmable gain amplifier technology is used to dynamically adjust the gain of the photoelectric converter; the bandpass filter is integrated in the front end of the photoelectric converter, and the passband of the bandpass filter matches the reflection spectrum of the temperature and stress sensing array.

6. The nuclear waste treatment real-time monitoring method of claim 1, wherein, Wherein, Optical amplifiers are installed at both ends and relay points of the underground optical fiber link to compensate for the attenuation of the digital signal stream in the transmission process.

7. The nuclear waste processing real-time monitoring method of claim 6, wherein, The method further includes: The fiber Bragg grating is used as a distributed temperature sensor to monitor the temperature along the optical fiber link within a set period; Based on the temperature along the optical fiber link within a set period, the physical integrity of the optical fiber link is determined.

8. A nuclear waste processing real-time monitoring device, characterized by, The device includes: The detection module is used to detect and record the optical signals of the slight deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container by combining multiple temperature and stress sensing arrays based on fiber Bragg grating and distributed acoustic wave sensing technology, wherein the temperature and stress sensing array is deployed in the nuclear waste treatment environment and encapsulated in a radiation shielding sleeve; The first conversion module is used to integrate the temperature and stress sensing array in a radiation-resistant sealed module, and connect the photoelectric converter in the sealed module and connect the bandpass filter at the front end of the photoelectric converter, obtain the initial optical signal after filtering out the background noise in the optical signal by the bandpass filter, and then convert the initial optical signal into an electrical signal by the photoelectric converter; The second conversion module is used to receive the electrical signals of multiple temperature and stress sensing arrays through the equipped multiplexer, integrate the electrical signal data streams of different temperature and stress sensing arrays through time division multiplexing technology, and then sample and quantify the electrical signal data streams based on the digital signal processor integrated in the multiplexer to convert them into digital signal streams; a data analysis module configured to transmit the digital signal stream to a set master control room through an underground optical fiber link, and distribute the digital signal stream to a plurality of data analysis servers based on a dual-redundant high-speed data switch set in the master control room for data analysis to obtain the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container; a pre-warning module configured to perform hierarchical pre-warning based on the difference between the micro deformation, temperature change and mechanical strain of the nuclear waste storage container and a plurality of preset hierarchical pre-warning thresholds, and execute corresponding hierarchical pre-warning strategies.

9. An electronic device, comprising: comprising: at least one processor; and a memory connected to the at least one processor in communication; wherein, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions, wherein, the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.

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