Nano material with efficient antibacterial effect and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of complex bone defect treatment, and discloses a nano material with an efficient antibacterial effect and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that ammonium bismuth citrate and luteolin are mixed and dissolved in formamide, the mixture is put into a reaction kettle to react, a reaction solution is obtained, and Bi-Lu CDs in formamide is obtained after centrifugation and filtration; mixing the MSN-coated Bi-Lu CDs with amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres, centrifuging, dispersing in deionized water, and drying in vacuum to obtain pure MSN-coated Bi-Lu CDs powder; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a polyurethane dispersion liquid from polyurethane, spraying the polyurethane dispersion liquid on a quartz plate to form a polyurethane film, and spraying MSN and Bi-Lu CDs powder on the polyurethane film to carry out metal spraying treatment; a second precipitate is obtained; drying in vacuum to obtain J-Bi-LuCDs M (at) Au powder; the problems that in the prior art, due to the fact that a pure carbon dot material lacks active diffusion power, the treatment effect on complex tissue defects and bacterial biofilms is still limited, and a precursor material is poor in biocompatibility, not prone to dissolution and low in bioavailability are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of treatment of complex bone defects, and in particular to a nanomaterial with high antibacterial effect and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Bacterial-induced infectious soft and hard tissue defects are common complications in general surgery, orthopedics, maxillofacial surgery, and dental implantology, characterized by persistent infection and slow tissue recovery. Bacteria often accumulate in the tissue defect area and on the implant surface, forming biofilms that further lead to chronic infections that are difficult to eradicate. Currently, the mainstream treatment in clinical practice is still antibiotic therapy; however, the overuse of antibiotics in the clinical environment has led to bacterial resistance, making the development of non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents particularly important.

[0003] However, most chemical antibacterial agents with good antibacterial effects have poor biocompatibility, and biological drugs (such as antibacterial components of traditional Chinese medicine) also have problems such as poor solubility and low bioavailability. Against this background, in recent years, carbon dot-based antibacterial materials have been developed. By making materials with antibacterial properties into carbon dots, not only are the original antibacterial properties retained and enhanced, but the biocompatibility, solubility and bioavailability of the materials are also significantly improved. This is a promising research direction for antibacterial materials.

[0004] However, due to the lack of active diffusion, the therapeutic effect of carbon dot materials on complex tissue defects and bacterial biofilms is still limited. Combining them with nanoparticles with active diffusion function as carriers to help them reach the treatment area has good clinical application prospects.

[0005] Luteolin is a natural flavonoid compound with clear antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties, but its high lipid solubility and poor water solubility hinder its absorption and utilization in the body. Bismuth, as a relatively non-toxic and inexpensive metal, possesses excellent properties and has wide applications in the biomedical field. It can interfere with the bacterial tricarboxylic acid cycle, cellular redox homeostasis, protein folding, and iron homeostasis to achieve good antibacterial effects. Carbon dots are zero-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials smaller than 10 nm, possessing excellent fluorescence properties, ease of synthesis, a wide range of raw materials, good biocompatibility, and easy elimination from the body. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a nanomaterial with high antibacterial effect and its preparation method, which solves the problems of the existing technology where simple carbon dot materials have limited therapeutic effects on complex tissue defects and bacterial biofilms due to the lack of active diffusion driving force, and the poor biocompatibility, poor solubility and low bioavailability of precursor materials.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following method:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for preparing nanomaterials with high antibacterial effect:

[0009] S1: Mix bismuth ammonium citrate and luteolin, then dissolve them in formamide until they are completely mixed to obtain a first mixed solution. Place the first mixed solution into a reaction vessel to react and obtain a reaction solution.

[0010] S2: After centrifuging the reaction solution in a centrifuge, filter it with a microporous membrane to remove impurities and obtain Bi-Lu CDs in formamide;

[0011] S3: The Bi-Lu CDs in the formamide are mixed with amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres, and then stirred after ultrasonic treatment to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0012] S4: The second mixed solution is placed in a centrifuge to remove formamide, and a first precipitate is obtained. The first precipitate is dispersed in a small amount of deionized water and vacuum dried to obtain pure MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder.

[0013] S5: Add polyurethane to deionized water and stir thoroughly to obtain a polyurethane dispersion. Use a spray gun to spray the polyurethane dispersion onto a quartz plate until the polyurethane dispersion becomes a polyurethane film.

[0014] S6: After the polyurethane dispersion becomes a polyurethane film, the MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder is sprayed onto the polyurethane film, dried at room temperature, and a hemispherical gold layer is deposited on the upper surface of the MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder using an ion sputtering instrument to create Janus particles, and then gold sputtering is performed.

[0015] S7: The quartz plate after gold sputtering is soaked in anhydrous ethanol for 24 hours to dissolve polyurethane, and the dissolved product is obtained. After centrifuging to remove ethanol impurities, a second precipitate is obtained.

[0016] S8: The second precipitate is dried under vacuum to obtain J-Bi-LuCDsM@Au powder, a nanomaterial with high antibacterial effect.

[0017] Preferably, the ratio of bismuth ammonium citrate to luteolin is 2:1.

[0018] Preferably, after mixing bismuth ammonium citrate and luteolin, and then dissolving them in formamide to obtain a first mixed solution, the method further includes: ultrasonically dispersing the first mixed solution for 10 minutes.

[0019] Preferably, the step of placing the first mixed solution into a reaction vessel to obtain a reaction solution includes: placing the first mixed solution into a reaction vessel, preparing Bi-Lu CDs using a hydrothermal method, with a reaction temperature of 160°C and a reaction time of 6 hours.

[0020] Preferably, the step of centrifuging the reaction solution in a centrifuge and then filtering it with a microporous membrane to remove impurities, specifically Bi-Lu CDs in formamide, includes: centrifuging the reaction solution in a centrifuge at 12,000 rpm for 10 minutes, repeating the centrifugation three times, and then filtering it with a 0.22 μm microporous membrane to remove impurities, specifically Bi-Lu CDs in formamide.

[0021] Preferably, the step of mixing the Bi-Lu CDs in the formamide with amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres and then stirring after ultrasonic treatment to obtain a second mixed solution includes: mixing the Bi-Lu CDs in the formamide with amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres at a mixing ratio of 1 mg of amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres per 1 ml of Bi-Lu CDs in the formamide; and then using ultrasonic treatment to assist dispersion for 10 min, followed by stirring at 37°C and a speed of 400 rpm for 12 hours to obtain a second mixed solution.

[0022] Preferably, the step of centrifuging the second mixed solution in a centrifuge to remove formamide and obtain a first precipitate, dispersing the first precipitate in a small amount of deionized water, and vacuum drying to obtain pure MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder includes: placing the stirred second mixed solution in a centrifuge at 145.00 rpm for 30 minutes, removing the liquid and retaining the precipitate to obtain a first precipitate; adding deionized water to the first precipitate, redispersing the precipitate, centrifuging again, removing the washing liquid, repeating the washing 2-3 times, dispersing the washed precipitate in a small amount of deionized water, and vacuum drying to obtain pure MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder.

[0023] Preferably, the step of immersing the gold-sprayed quartz plate in anhydrous ethanol for 24 hours to dissolve polyurethane and obtain a dissolved product, and then centrifuging to remove ethanol impurities to obtain a second precipitate includes: immersing the gold-sprayed quartz plate in anhydrous ethanol for 24 hours to dissolve polyurethane and obtain a dissolved product; centrifuging the dissolved product at 12,000 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a precipitate; resuspending the precipitate in deionized water; and then centrifuging it again at 12,000 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain another precipitate. This process is repeated three times to remove ethanol impurities and obtain the second precipitate.

[0024] Preferably, the conditions for drying the second precipitate under vacuum to obtain the nanomaterial J-Bi-LuCDsM@Au powder with high antibacterial effect are: vacuum drying at 60°C.

[0025] The present invention provides a nanomaterial with highly efficient antibacterial effect:

[0026] A nanomaterial with high antibacterial effect was prepared according to the above-described method for preparing nanomaterials with high antibacterial effect.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By preparing carbon dot materials of approximately 5 nm using bismuth ammonium citrate and luteolin, this invention solves the problems of poor biocompatibility, poor solubility, and low bioavailability of precursor materials. Simultaneously, it retains and enhances the antibacterial properties of bismuth and the antimicrobial biofilm properties of luteolin, enabling safe and efficient antibacterial and antimicrobial treatment while reducing or even replacing the use of traditional antibiotics.

[0028] Most previously developed antibacterial carbon dot materials only have a single antibacterial effect. The carbon dot material in this invention has both antibacterial and antimicrobial functions, making it particularly suitable for infectious soft and hard tissue defects. It also has good effects on many other types of chronic bacterial infections.

[0029] This invention utilizes mesoporous silica microspheres with a Janus particle double-sided structure as a carrier, endowing the material with photothermal properties. Through thermophoresis, the material actively diffuses, reaching deep layers of bacterial biofilms and hidden areas of complex bone defects to achieve optimal antibacterial effects. This design overcomes the limitation of traditional carbon dot materials in treating complex soft and hard tissue defects and bacterial biofilms due to a lack of active diffusion. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for preparing nanomaterials with high antibacterial effect according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Provided for embodiments of the present invention: (A) is a particle size distribution diagram of the synthesized Bi-LuCDs carbon dots; (B) is a TEM image of the Bi-LuCDs material; (C) is a fluorescence excitation and emission spectrum of the synthesized Bi-LuCDs carbon dot material;

[0033] Figure 3 Provided for embodiments of the present invention: (A) TEM and EDS images of J-Bi-LuCDsM@Au material after carbon dot bonding to the support; (B) XPS of J-Bi-LuCDsM@Au material, proving successful loading of metallic Bi and successful bonding of Au; (C) FTIR images of the material synthesis solvent (formamide), precursor materials (luteolin, bismuth ammonium citrate), support (mesoporous silica), and J-Bi-LuCDsM@Au.

[0034] Figure 4 (A) is the motion trajectory of J-Bi-LuCDsM@Au material under 808nm near-infrared light of different powers, provided for the embodiments of the present invention; (B) is the thermal stability of J-Bi-LuCDsM@Au material under near-infrared radiation for five on / off cycles.

[0035] Figure 5 The following are examples of materials provided for embodiments of the present invention: (A) Staphylococcus aureus agar plates of each group of materials; (B) Escherichia coli agar plates of each group of materials; and (C) materials of each group of materials exhibiting a strong killing effect on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, apparatus, product, or end that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or ends.

[0038] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0039] Currently, most chemical antibacterial agents with good antibacterial effects have poor biocompatibility, and biological drugs (such as antibacterial components of traditional Chinese medicine) also suffer from poor solubility and low bioavailability. Against this backdrop, carbon dot-based antibacterial materials have been developed in recent years. These materials, possessing antibacterial properties, are fabricated as carbon dots, which not only retains and enhances the original antibacterial characteristics but also significantly improves the material's biocompatibility, solubility, and bioavailability. This represents a promising research direction for antibacterial materials.

[0040] However, due to the lack of active diffusion, the therapeutic effect of carbon dot materials on complex tissue defects and bacterial biofilms is still limited. Combining them with nanoparticles with active diffusion function as carriers to help them reach the treatment area has good clinical application prospects.

[0041] Luteolin is a natural flavonoid compound with clear antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties, but its high lipid solubility and poor water solubility hinder its absorption and utilization in the body. Bismuth, as a relatively non-toxic and inexpensive metal, possesses excellent properties and has wide applications in the biomedical field. It can interfere with the bacterial tricarboxylic acid cycle, cellular redox homeostasis, protein folding, and iron homeostasis to achieve good antibacterial effects. Carbon dots are zero-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials smaller than 10 nm, possessing excellent fluorescence properties, ease of synthesis, a wide range of raw materials, good biocompatibility, and easy elimination from the body.

[0042] The present invention aims to provide a nanomaterial with high antibacterial effect and its preparation method, which solves the problems of the existing technology where simple carbon dot materials have limited therapeutic effects on complex tissue defects and bacterial biofilms due to the lack of active diffusion driving force, and the poor biocompatibility, poor solubility and low bioavailability of precursor materials.

[0043] like Figure 1-5 As shown in the figure, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing nanomaterials with high antibacterial effect, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1: Mix bismuth ammonium citrate and luteolin, then dissolve them in formamide until they are completely mixed to obtain a first mixed solution. Place the first mixed solution into a reaction vessel to react and obtain a reaction solution.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, the ratio of bismuth ammonium citrate to luteolin is 2:1. After mixing bismuth ammonium citrate and luteolin and then dissolving them in formamide to obtain a first mixed solution, the method further includes: ultrasonically dispersing the first mixed solution for 10 min; placing the first mixed solution into a reaction vessel and preparing Bi-LuCDs using a hydrothermal method at a reaction temperature of 160°C and a reaction time of 6 hours.

[0046] S2: After centrifuging the reaction solution in a centrifuge, filter it with a microporous membrane to remove impurities and obtain Bi-Lu CDs in formamide.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, the reaction solution was poured into a centrifuge and centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 minutes. After repeating the centrifugation three times, impurities, such as Bi-Lu CDs in formamide, were removed by filtration using a 0.22 μm microporous membrane.

[0048] S3: Bi-Lu CDs in formamide are mixed with amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres, and then stirred after ultrasonic treatment to obtain a second mixed solution.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, Bi-Lu CDs in formamide and amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres are mixed at a ratio of 1 mg amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres per 1 ml of Bi-Lu CDs in formamide; after ultrasonic treatment to assist dispersion for 10 min, the mixture is stirred at 37°C and 400 rpm for 12 hours to obtain a second mixed solution.

[0050] S4: The second mixed solution is centrifuged to remove formamide, resulting in a first precipitate. The first precipitate is dispersed in a small amount of deionized water and dried under vacuum to obtain pure MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the second mixed solution after stirring is placed in a centrifuge at 145.00 rpm for 30 minutes to remove the liquid and retain the precipitate, thus obtaining the first precipitate; deionized water is added to the first precipitate to redisperse the precipitate, centrifuged again to remove the washing liquid, and the washing is repeated 2-3 times. The washed precipitate is dispersed in a small amount of deionized water and vacuum dried to obtain pure MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder.

[0052] S5: Add polyurethane to deionized water and stir thoroughly to obtain a polyurethane dispersion. Use a spray gun to spray the polyurethane dispersion onto a quartz plate until the polyurethane dispersion becomes a polyurethane film.

[0053] S6: After the polyurethane dispersion becomes a polyurethane film, the MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder is sprayed onto the polyurethane film and dried at room temperature. Janus particles are made by depositing a hemispherical gold layer on the upper surface of the MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder using an ion sputtering instrument and then performing gold sputtering treatment.

[0054] S7: The quartz plate after gold sputtering is soaked in anhydrous ethanol for 24 hours to dissolve polyurethane, and the dissolved product is obtained. After centrifuging to remove ethanol impurities, a second precipitate is obtained.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the quartz plate after gold sputtering is soaked in anhydrous ethanol for 24 hours to dissolve polyurethane and obtain a dissolved product. The dissolved product is centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a precipitate. After resuspending in deionized water, the precipitate is centrifuged again at 12,000 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain another precipitate. This process is repeated three times to remove ethanol impurities and obtain a second precipitate.

[0056] S8: The second precipitate is dried under vacuum to obtain J-Bi-LuCDsM@Au powder, a nanomaterial with highly efficient antibacterial effect.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the conditions for drying the second precipitate under vacuum to obtain the nanomaterial J-Bi-LuCDsM@Au powder with high antibacterial effect are: vacuum drying at 60°C.

[0058] The present invention provides a nanomaterial with highly efficient antibacterial effect:

[0059] A nanomaterial with high antibacterial effect was prepared according to the above-described method for preparing a nanomaterial with high antibacterial effect.

[0060] Invention Embodiments

[0061] A nanomaterial with photothermal dynamics and highly efficient antibacterial effects is presented, consisting of a carbon dot portion and a carrier portion. The carbon dots, approximately 5 nm in diameter, exhibit blue fluorescence and possess both antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties. The carrier, 60-65 nm in diameter, is a mesoporous silica microsphere with a Janus particle double-sided structure. These microspheres typically support gold nanoparticles, which possess photothermal properties. Active diffusion of the material is achieved through thermophoresis, allowing it to penetrate deep into bacterial biofilms and hidden areas of complex tissue defects to achieve optimal antibacterial effects.

[0062] The preparation method of the nanomaterial with photothermal dynamics and highly efficient antibacterial effects as described above includes the following specific steps:

[0063] (1) Mix bismuth ammonium citrate and luteolin in a molar ratio of 2:1 and then dissolve them in formamide. After complete mixing, ultrasonically disperse for 10 min.

[0064] (2) After mixing, the solution was placed in a reaction vessel and carbon dots (Bi-Lu CDs) were prepared by hydrothermal method. The reaction temperature was 160℃ and the reaction time was 6 hours.

[0065] (3) After the reaction is complete, take out the reaction solution and centrifuge it at 12,000 rpm for 10 minutes at a time. Repeat the centrifugation three times and then filter it with a 0.22 μm microporous membrane to remove impurities.

[0066] (4) Mix amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres (MSN) with Bi-Lu CDs in formamide at a ratio of 1 mg amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres per 1 ml solution, and then use ultrasonic treatment to assist dispersion for 10 min.

[0067] (5) Stir at 37 °C and 400 rpm for 12 hours.

[0068] (6) After stirring, place the solution in a centrifuge at 145.00 rpm for 30 minutes, remove the liquid and retain the precipitate. Add deionized water to redisperse the precipitate. Centrifuge again (with the same parameters) to remove the washing liquid. Repeat washing 2-3 times to completely remove residual formamide. (7) The washed precipitate was dispersed in a small amount of deionized water and dried under vacuum to obtain pure MSN@Bi-LuCDs powder.

[0069] (8) Add polyurethane to deionized water and stir thoroughly to obtain a polyurethane dispersion. Spray the polyurethane dispersion onto a quartz plate with a spray gun. After the polyurethane film has formed, spray MSN@Bi-Lu CDs particles onto the polyurethane film and dry at room temperature.

[0070] (9) Janus particles were fabricated by depositing a hemispherical gold layer on the upper surface of MSN@Bi-Lu CDs particles using an ion sputtering apparatus.

[0071] (10) The quartz plate after gold spraying was soaked in anhydrous ethanol for 24 hours to dissolve the polyurethane.

[0072] (11) After the polyurethane solvent is used, the solvent product is centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate is then resuspended in deionized water and centrifuged again at 12,000 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain another precipitate. This process is repeated three times to remove ethanol impurities.

[0073] (12) The precipitate was vacuum dried at 60°C to obtain the final product J-Bi-LuCDsM@Au powder.

[0074] By preparing precursor materials with antibacterial and biofilm-inhibiting properties into 2-5 nm carbon dot materials, the problems of poor biocompatibility, poor solubility, and low bioavailability of precursor materials are solved. At the same time, the antibacterial and biofilm-inhibiting properties are retained and enhanced, which can effectively reduce or even replace the use of traditional antibiotics.

[0075] Mesoporous silica microspheres with Janus particle double-sided structure were designed as a carrier, giving the material photothermal properties. Through thermophoresis, the material actively diffuses, reaching deep layers of bacterial biofilms and various hidden areas of complex soft and hard tissue defects to achieve the best antibacterial effect.

[0076] Luteolin, a natural flavonoid compound, exists in various traditional Chinese medicines and possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, uric acid-lowering, anti-tumor, antibacterial, and antiviral effects. Current research has also confirmed its ability to inhibit bacterial biofilm formation. This invention utilizes luteolin as one of the bulk materials for fabricating carbon dots, fully developing the application potential of traditional Chinese herbal medicines while ensuring the safety and practicality of the material.

[0077] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By preparing carbon dot materials of approximately 5 nm using bismuth ammonium citrate and luteolin, this invention solves the problems of poor biocompatibility, poor solubility, and low bioavailability of precursor materials. Simultaneously, it retains and enhances the antibacterial properties of bismuth and the antimicrobial biofilm properties of luteolin, enabling safe and efficient antibacterial and antimicrobial treatment while reducing or even replacing the use of traditional antibiotics.

[0078] Most previously developed antibacterial carbon dot materials only have a single antibacterial effect. The carbon dot material in this invention has both antibacterial and antimicrobial functions, making it particularly suitable for infectious soft and hard tissue defects. It also has good effects on many other types of chronic bacterial infections.

[0079] This invention utilizes mesoporous silica microspheres with a Janus particle double-sided structure as a carrier, endowing the material with photothermal properties. Through thermophoresis, the material actively diffuses, reaching deep layers of bacterial biofilms and hidden areas of complex bone defects to achieve optimal antibacterial effects. This design overcomes the limitation of traditional carbon dot materials in treating complex soft and hard tissue defects and bacterial biofilms due to a lack of active diffusion.

[0080] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known technical solutions or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a nanomaterial with high antibacterial effect, characterized in that, The method comprises: S1: mixing bismuth ammonium citrate and luteolin, then dissolving in formamide, fully mixing to obtain a first mixed solution, and placing the first mixed solution in a reaction kettle for reaction to obtain a reaction liquid; S2: after the reaction liquid is poured into a centrifuge for centrifugation, the impurities are removed by using a microporous filter membrane to obtain Bi-Lu CDs in formamide; S3: mixing the Bi-Lu CDs in formamide with amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres, and stirring after ultrasonic treatment to obtain a second mixed solution; S4: placing the second mixed solution in a centrifuge for centrifugation to remove formamide, obtaining a first precipitate, dispersing the first precipitate in a small amount of deionized water, and vacuum drying to obtain pure MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder; S5: adding polyurethane into deionized water, fully stirring to obtain a polyurethane dispersion, and spraying the polyurethane dispersion on a quartz plate using a spray gun, until the polyurethane dispersion becomes a polyurethane film; S6: after the polyurethane dispersion becomes a polyurethane film, spraying the MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder onto the polyurethane film, drying at room temperature, and using an ion sputtering instrument to deposit a hemispherical gold layer on the upper half surface of the MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder to make Janus particles, and performing gold spraying treatment; S7: soaking the quartz plate after gold spraying treatment in anhydrous ethanol for 24 hours to dissolve the polyurethane, obtaining a dissolution product, and after removing the ethanol impurities by using a centrifuge, obtaining a second precipitate; S8: drying the second precipitate under vacuum to obtain a nano material J-Bi-Lu CDs M@Au powder with high antibacterial effect.

2. The method for preparing a nano material with high antibacterial effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the amount of bismuth ammonium citrate to the amount of luteolin is 2:

1.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the nano-material has a high antibacterial effect. After the step of mixing bismuth ammonium citrate and luteolin, then dissolving in formamide, fully mixing to obtain a first mixed solution, further comprising: The first mixed solution is ultrasonically dispersed for 10 minutes.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the nano-material has a high antibacterial effect. The step of placing the first mixed solution in a reaction kettle for reaction to obtain a reaction liquid comprises: The first mixed solution is placed in a reaction kettle, and Bi-Lu CDs are prepared by using a hydrothermal method, the reaction temperature is 160 DEG C, and the reaction time is 6 hours.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the nano-material has a high antibacterial effect. The step of pouring the reaction liquid into a centrifuge for centrifugation, then filtering the impurities by using a microporous filter membrane to obtain Bi-Lu CDs in formamide comprises: The reaction liquid is poured into a centrifuge at a speed of 12000 revolutions per minute, and centrifuged for 10 minutes, and after repeating the centrifugation three times, the impurities are removed by using a 0.22 μm microporous filter membrane to obtain Bi-Lu CDs in formamide.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the nano-material has a high antibacterial effect. The step of mixing the Bi-Lu CDs in formamide with amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres, and stirring after ultrasonic treatment to obtain a second mixed solution comprises: The Bi-Lu CDs in the formamide are mixed with the amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres in a mixing ratio of 1 mg of the amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres per 1 ml of the Bi-Lu CDs in the formamide; After the Bi-Lu CDs in the formamide are mixed with the amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres in a mixing ratio of 1 mg of the amino-modified mesoporous silica microspheres per 1 ml of the Bi-Lu CDs in the formamide, and ultrasonic treatment is used to assist dispersion for 10 min, a second mixed solution is obtained by stirring at 400 revolutions per minute at 37°C for 12 hours.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nano-material has a high antibacterial effect. The step of placing the second mixed solution in a centrifuge to remove the formamide through a centrifugation process to obtain a first precipitate, dispersing the first precipitate in a small amount of deionized water, and vacuum drying to obtain a pure MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder, comprises: After the second mixed solution is stirred, the second mixed solution is placed in a centrifuge at 145,00 revolutions per minute for 30 minutes to remove the liquid and retain the precipitate, thereby obtaining a first precipitate. Deionized water is added to the first precipitate, the precipitate is redispersed, and the precipitate is again centrifuged to remove the washing liquid, and the washing is repeated 2-3 times. The washed precipitate is dispersed in a small amount of deionized water and vacuum dried to obtain a pure MSN@Bi-Lu CDs powder.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the nano-material has a high antibacterial effect. The step of soaking the gold-sprayed quartz plate in anhydrous ethanol for 24 hours to dissolve the polyurethane and obtain a dissolution product, and using a centrifuge to remove ethanol impurities to obtain a second precipitate, comprises: The gold-sprayed quartz plate is soaked in anhydrous ethanol for 24 hours to dissolve the polyurethane and obtain a dissolution product. The dissolution product is centrifuged at 12000 revolutions per minute for 30 minutes to obtain a precipitate, and the precipitate is resuspended in deionized water and then centrifuged at 12000 revolutions per minute for 30 minutes to obtain a precipitate. The ethanol impurities are removed by repeating the above steps three times to obtain a second precipitate.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The second precipitate is dried under vacuum to obtain a high-efficiency antibacterial nano-material J-Bi-Lu CDs M@Au powder, and the drying conditions are vacuum drying at 60°C.

10. The high-efficiency antibacterial nano-material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-9.

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