High arch dam plunge pool structure with composite energy dissipation effect

Abstract

The invention relates to flood discharge and energy dissipation facilities in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, discloses a high arch dam plunge pool structure with a composite energy dissipation effect, and is mainly used for solving the problems that in an existing plunge pool structure, the impact force of a water flow impact area is too large, and the overall energy dissipation effect is poor. The partition wall is additionally arranged on the basis of a traditional plunge pool structure, the pressure peak value and the pulsation amplitude of the plunge pool bottom impacted by water flow can be reduced, accordingly, the risk of erosion and damage to the pool bottom structure caused by water flow impact is weakened, the service life of the structure is prolonged, and the water flow stability and the structure safety of the whole energy dissipation structure are improved; a water flow shear collision energy dissipation area and a water flow intersection area in a composite flow state are constructed through the partition wall and the through holes in the partition wall, space intersection and momentum exchange are formed in the second-stage plunge pool area through falling water flow and horizontal high-speed jet flow, attenuation dissipation of water body energy is promoted, and the action range of efficient energy dissipation is expanded.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the flood discharge and energy dissipation facilities in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to a high arch dam water cushion pond structure with composite energy dissipation effect, which is suitable for energy dissipation and flow control under high water head and large flow conditions. BACKGROUND

[0002] High arch dams are widely used in the southwest region of China and worldwide due to their high structural strength, short construction period, and strong water resource regulation capacity, such as the Jinping I, Xiaowan, Laxiwa, and Austria's Kolbnrein dam projects. However, as the scale of high arch dams continues to grow, a core technical challenge faced during their operation is how to effectively dissipate the large flow potential energy generated by high flow and high drop, ensuring the stability and safety of hydraulic structures and downstream riverbeds and ecosystems.

[0003] As the key facility for flood discharge and energy dissipation of high arch dams, the performance of the water cushion pond is directly related to the safe operation of the project. Figure 1 As shown in the traditional water cushion pond, it mainly relies on energy dissipation methods such as hydraulic jump and turbulent mixing. In actual engineering applications, these traditional energy dissipation methods still have many limitations. For example, under high flow speed and deep water conditions, it is difficult to form a hydraulic jump or the location is too far, the water depth difference before and after the jump is large, and the energy dissipation effect is poor. In addition, according to the characteristics of energy dissipation, the water cushion pond can be divided into a flow shear zone (I), a flow impact zone (II), and a flow mixing zone (III), as shown in Figure 2 The high-speed water flow of the traditional water cushion pond will directly rush to the bottom of the water cushion pond, causing the pressure peak in the flow impact zone (II) of the water cushion pond to be too high, which will exceed the bearing limit of the pond bottom structure under long-term action, causing vibration and damage to the structure of the pond bottom. At the same time, the traditional water cushion pond will form a water surface drop at the second dam, which will disrupt the smooth connection with the downstream river flow, affect the river ecological environment, pose a threat to downstream navigation safety, and may further cause the downstream riverbed to be further scoured and undercut.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the engineering field has attempted to set up structures such as guide piers, arc piers, and resistance walls in the water cushion pond to disturb the flow, guide the vortex, or prevent concentrated impact to achieve further energy dissipation. However, these methods generally have problems such as complex structure, difficult construction, large water head loss, weak regulation capacity, and most of them fail to fully solve the core contradiction of coexistence of poor development of hydraulic jump and safety risk of the impact zone. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a high arch dam water cushion pond structure with composite energy dissipation effect, which aims to solve the problem of excessive impact force in the flow impact zone and poor overall energy dissipation effect in the existing water cushion pond structure.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions: A high arch dam water cushion basin structure with composite energy dissipation effect, comprising a slope, a dam body and a secondary dam, the slope, the dam body and the secondary dam enclosing a water cushion basin, characterized in that: Further comprising a partition wall, the partition wall being installed between the dam body and the secondary dam, the height of the partition wall being greater than or equal to the height of the secondary dam, a plurality of through holes being provided on the partition wall; The partition wall separates the water cushion basin into a primary water cushion basin area and a secondary water cushion basin area, the longitudinal length of the primary water cushion basin area being greater than the maximum water tongue outer edge overhang distance of the dam body, the maximum water tongue outer edge overhang distance being obtained when checking the flood discharge flow of the dam body; The water in the primary water cushion basin area is injected into the secondary water cushion basin area in the form of horizontal high-speed jet flow through the through holes, and in the form of falling flow by jumping over the top of the partition wall, the horizontal high-speed jet flow and the falling flow intersecting in the secondary water cushion basin area to form a composite energy dissipation flow state.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the shape of the through holes is at least one of circular, square or rhombic, and the shape of the through holes is closely related to the jet flow characteristics of the horizontal high-speed jet flow, so the shape of the through holes needs to be selected according to the site environment of the engineering construction by measuring indexes such as water flow, water depth, flow rate, etc., to reduce the disturbance degree of the horizontal high-speed jet flow to the water flow and improve the energy dissipation capacity.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the shape, diameter, number and arrangement mode of the through holes are adapted according to the actual engineering situation. In combination with the description of the selection of the shape of the through holes, the diameter, number and arrangement mode of the through holes also need to be arranged according to the actual engineering requirements, specifically, under the condition of checking the dam body flood discharge flow, a quantitative relationship between the diameter, water depth and jet flow velocity can be constructed according to the water depth, water flow and the velocity of the horizontal high-speed jet flow formed when passing through the through holes under the condition of checking the dam body flood discharge flow, the relationship can be used to determine the optimal diameter range of the through holes, to ensure that under different water depth conditions, the jet flow intensity of the through holes can effectively induce shear turbulence and enhance energy dissipation, and will not cause local scouring or structural damage due to excessively high flow rate; at the same time, in combination with the spatial distribution characteristics of the main flow velocity under the checking condition, the number, position and spacing of the through holes are reasonably arranged, so that the horizontal high-speed jet flow formed by the through holes forms sufficient intersection and momentum exchange in space, thereby optimizing the development of turbulent structure and improving the overall composite energy dissipation performance and structural operation safety of the water cushion basin.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the partition wall has a stepped structure with a wide bottom and a narrow top, which is an optimized design based on the stability, hydraulic performance and functional requirements of the stepped water cushion basin, the widened bottom helps to disperse the load, improve the anti-sliding and anti-overturning capacity of the partition wall, and enhance the stability of the foundation; the narrowed top is conducive to controlling the overflow form, reducing the water flow impact, and improving the energy dissipation effect.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, one side of the partition wall is in a slope shape, and the other side is perpendicular to the water flow direction; or both sides of the partition wall are in a slope shape. The single-side slope structure has better economy and practicability due to less concrete consumption, simple construction and compact structure, and is commonly used in conditions where the space is limited or only one side bears the main water flow; the double-side slope structure has better hydraulic performance, smooth water flow transition and good energy dissipation effect, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the dam body and is suitable for projects with bidirectional water flow or symmetrical arrangement.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the partition wall is made of anti-erosion concrete material.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the through hole is composed of a pre-buried stainless steel pipe or a shaped concrete hole.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: 1. The present application adds a partition wall to the traditional water cushion basin structure, which divides the original whole water cushion basin area into a front and rear arranged first and second water cushion basin areas, wherein the first water cushion basin area is used to receive the water flow impact during dam body flood discharge, since the partition wall reduces the cross-sectional area of the water flow transverse flow in the water cushion basin area, it hinders the free flow of the water body in the first water cushion basin area to the second water cushion basin area, thereby causing the water level in the first water cushion basin area to be higher, and the water level of the first water cushion basin area as the water flow impact area is higher than that of the traditional water cushion basin structure, so as to reduce the pressure peak and pulsation amplitude of the water flow impact on the bottom of the water cushion basin, thereby reducing the erosion and damage risk of the bottom structure caused by water flow impact, prolonging the service life of the structure, and improving the water flow stability and structural safety of the overall energy dissipation structure.

[0014] 2. The present application constructs a water flow shear collision energy dissipation area through the partition wall and the through holes on the partition wall, specifically, the water body in the first water cushion basin area can be injected horizontally and at high speed into the second water cushion basin area through the through holes on the partition wall under the potential energy of dam body flood discharge, a sharp velocity gradient zone is formed between the horizontal high-speed jet flow and the relatively calm water body in the second water cushion basin area, thereby forming a strong shear zone and a high-intensity turbulent zone in the second water cushion basin area, and a large number of small-scale vortex structures are presented around the horizontal high-speed jet flow, which can effectively improve the energy dissipation efficiency of the water body.

[0015] 3、The application can form a water flow intersection area of complex flow state, specifically, the water body in the first water cushion pond area is divided into two parts to flow into the second water cushion pond area, one part is a horizontal high-speed jet flow shot through the through hole, and the other part is a falling water flow which jumps over the top of the partition wall, the falling water flow and the horizontal high-speed jet flow realize spatial intersection and momentum exchange in the second water cushion pond area, the two water flows form complex turbulent flow structure and large-scale vortex structure in the intersection area, and further promote the attenuation and dissipation of water body energy under the joint action of water flow collision and high-speed disturbance, and expand the action range of high-efficiency energy dissipation.

[0016] 4、The application divides the whole water cushion pond area into front and rear two-stage water cushion pond areas by the partition wall, under the blocking action of the partition wall, the water level of the first water cushion pond area is raised to bear the impact of the falling water tongue from the dam body, under the composite energy dissipation action of the partition wall, the flow velocity of the water flow entering the second water cushion pond area is more uniform, and the flow state is more stable, therefore, the two-stage dam for connecting with the downstream river channel in the application can be appropriately lowered in height compared with the traditional water cushion pond structure, not only the manufacturing cost can be reduced, but also the water level elevation of the second water cushion pond area in the application is lower than that of the traditional water cushion pond structure, so that the water flow posture when passing through the two-stage dam is improved, the smooth connection of the application with the downstream river channel is ensured, and the phenomenon of water level falling sharply and impacting the downstream at the two-stage dam is avoided.

[0017] The application has good engineering popularization adaptability, can be applied to the flood discharge system of high arch dam under the conditions of high water head and large flow, and has important significance for guaranteeing the long-term operation safety of the hub project, prolonging the service life of the structure, and improving the flood control and storage capacity of the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate the application together with the embodiments thereof, and do not constitute a limitation of the application, in the drawings: Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic diagram of the traditional water cushion pond; Figure 2 It is a pressure gradient distribution diagram of each area of the traditional water cushion pond structure; Figure 3 It is a whole structure schematic diagram of the water cushion pond of the application; Figure 4 It is a pressure gradient distribution diagram of each area of the water cushion pond structure of the application; Figure 5 It is an action schematic diagram of the horizontal high-speed jet flow and the falling water flow at the partition wall in the application; Figure 6 It is a water flow connection comparison schematic diagram of the two-stage dam and the downstream river channel of the application and the traditional water cushion pond structure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the partition wall in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the partition wall in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of the partition wall in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of the partition wall in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1-slope, 2-dam body, 3-secondary dam, 4-partition wall, 5-through hole, 6-primary water cushion pond area, 7-secondary water cushion pond area, 8-horizontal high-speed jet, 9-falling water flow. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 like Figures 3 to 8 The high arch dam stilling basin structure with composite energy dissipation effect shown includes a slope 1, a dam body 2 and a secondary dam 3. The slope 1, dam body 2 and secondary dam 3 enclose a stilling basin. The function of the stilling basin is to receive the flood discharge droplet of the dam body 2. By forming a submerged hydraulic jump and strong turbulent mixing, the kinetic energy of the water is dissipated in the form of heat energy, sound energy and other forms.

[0022] In this embodiment, the slope 1, dam body 2, and secondary dam 3 are all consistent with the traditional water cushion pond structure, so their specific structures will not be described in detail.

[0023] The core innovation of this embodiment lies in: Figure 3As shown, the dam body 2 is provided with a partition wall 4 installed between the dam body 2 and the apron 3, the height of the partition wall 4 is H1, the height of the apron 3 is H2, H1≥H2, so as to ensure that the stagnant water level in the first-stage water cushion pool area 6 is higher than the water level elevation of the second-stage water cushion pool area 7; the partition wall 4 separates the water cushion pool into the first-stage water cushion pool area 6 and the second-stage water cushion pool area 7, the longitudinal length of the first-stage water cushion pool area 6 is L1, the longitudinal length of the second-stage water cushion pool area 7 is L2, the maximum water tongue outer edge overhang distance of the dam body 2 is L3, L1>L3, so as to prevent the partition wall 4 from being directly impacted and damaged by the falling water tongue; a plurality of through holes 5 are arranged on the partition wall 4, the water body in the first-stage water cushion pool area 6 is injected into the second-stage water cushion pool area 7 in the form of horizontal high-speed jet flow 8 through the through holes 5, and the water body is also injected into the second-stage water cushion pool area 7 in the form of falling water flow 9 by jumping over the top of the partition wall 4, and the horizontal high-speed jet flow 8 and the falling water flow 9 intersect in the second-stage water cushion pool area 7 to form a composite energy dissipation flow state.

[0024] It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the horizontal high-speed jet flow 8 can be sheared to dissipate energy in the second-stage water cushion pool area 7, the longitudinal length L2 of the second-stage water cushion pool area 7 must be greater than the shearing band length of the horizontal high-speed jet flow 8 in the second-stage water cushion pool area 7.

[0025] In the embodiment, the partition wall 4 is made of anti-erosion concrete material, the partition wall 4 is embedded in the rock mass of the slope 1 on both sides with an embedding depth≥2m, and a plurality of anchoring bars are arranged between the partition wall 4 and the slope 1 to improve the structural stability of the partition wall 4; the through hole 5 is composed of a shaped concrete hole, and the axis direction of the through hole 5 is parallel to the flow direction, and it can be foreseen by those skilled in the art that, in more embodiments, in order to reduce the risk of sediment deposition, the through hole 5 can also be arranged in the shape of an inverted horn, that is, the end port aperture near the first-stage water cushion pool area 6 is larger than the end port aperture near the second-stage water cushion pool area 7.

[0026] The partition wall 4 in the embodiment can bring the following technical effects: I. The partition wall 4 separates the entire water cushion pool area in the traditional water cushion pool structure into the first-stage water cushion pool area 6 and the second-stage water cushion pool area 7 arranged in front and back, and under the blocking action of the partition wall 4, the cross-sectional area of the water flow transversely flowing in the water cushion pool area is reduced, and the free flow of the water body in the first-stage water cushion pool area 6 to the second-stage water cushion pool area 7 is hindered, so that the stagnant water level of the first-stage water cushion pool area 6 is increased, as shown in Figure 3 The water surface elevation of the first-stage water cushion pool area 6 is H 1a , the water surface elevation of the traditional water cushion pool structure is H 1b , H 1a >H 1b ; as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the water depth of the first water cushion pool area 6 is increased, which can reduce the pressure peak and fluctuation amplitude of the water flow impacting the bottom of the water cushion pool, alleviate the pressure concentration and strong fluctuation of the water flow impact area (II), weaken the erosion and damage risk of the pool bottom structure caused by the water flow impact, prolong the service life of the structure, and improve the water flow stability and structural safety of the overall energy dissipation structure.

[0027] II. The water cushion pool structure according to any one of Figure 3 As shown, the water body in the first water cushion pool area 6 can be horizontally and rapidly injected into the second water cushion pool area 7 through the through hole 5 on the partition wall 4 under the potential energy of the dam body 2, forming a dramatic velocity gradient zone between the horizontal high-speed jet flow 8 and the relatively calm water body in the second water cushion pool area 7, thereby forming a large number of small-scale vortex structures around the horizontal high-speed jet flow 8, and further forming a strong shear band and a high-intensity turbulent flow area, which can effectively improve the energy dissipation efficiency of the water body.

[0028] III. The water cushion pool structure according to any one of Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the water body in the first water cushion pool area 6 is divided into two parts and flows into the second water cushion pool area 7, one part is the horizontal high-speed jet flow 8 injected through the through hole 5, and the other part is the falling water flow 9 that leaps over the top of the partition wall 4 and flows into the second water cushion pool area 7 by free falling. The falling water flow 9 and the horizontal high-speed jet flow 8 injected into the second water cushion pool area 7 under the action of potential energy and water pressure form an intersection in the second water cushion pool area 7. The spatial intersection and momentum exchange of the two water flows form complex turbulent flow structures and large-scale vortex structures in the intersection area, which further promotes the further attenuation and dissipation of water body energy under the combined action of water flow collision and high-speed disturbance, and expands the action range of high-efficiency energy dissipation.

[0029] IV. The water cushion pool structure according to any one of Figure 6 As shown, under the blocking action of the partition wall 4, the water level of the first water cushion pool area 6 is raised to withstand the impact of the falling water tongue from the dam body. Under the composite energy dissipation effect of the partition wall 4, the flow velocity of the water flow entering the second water cushion pool area 7 is more uniform, and the flow state is more stable. Therefore, in this embodiment, the second dam 3 used to connect with the downstream river channel can be appropriately lowered in height compared with the traditional water cushion pool structure, which not only can reduce the manufacturing cost, but also can make the water level elevation of the second water cushion pool area 7 of this embodiment lower than that of the traditional water cushion pool structure. As shown, the water depth of the water surface after composite energy dissipation in this embodiment is H 2a , the water depth of the water surface of the traditional water cushion pool structure is H 2b , H 2a < H 2b , thereby improving the water flow posture when the water flow passes through the second dam 3, ensuring the smooth connection of this embodiment with the downstream river channel, and avoiding the phenomenon of water level falling sharply and impacting the downstream at the second dam 3.

[0030] Embodiment 2 As a further supplement to Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the shape of the through hole 5 is at least one of a circular shape, a square shape or a diamond shape, such as the circular through hole shown in Figure 7 and the square through hole shown in Figure 8 The shape of the through hole 5 is closely related to the jet characteristics of the horizontal high-speed jet 8, and therefore needs to be selected according to the site environment of the engineering construction by means of various measurement indexes such as water flow, water depth, flow rate, etc., so as to change the disturbance degree and energy dissipation capacity of the horizontal high-speed jet 8 to the water flow.

[0031] It can be foreseen by those skilled in the art that, according to actual engineering requirements, the shape of the through hole 5 can also be other types in addition to the shapes described in this embodiment, and therefore the shapes of the through hole 5 shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 7 and Figure 8 are only examples and do not represent specific limitations on the shape of the through hole 5.

[0032] Further, the shape, aperture, number and arrangement of the through hole 5 are adapted according to actual engineering conditions. In combination with the description of the selection of the shape of the through hole 5, the aperture, number and arrangement of the through hole 5 also need to be arranged according to actual engineering requirements. Specifically, under the dam body flood discharge flow condition, a quantitative relationship between the aperture, water depth and jet velocity can be constructed according to the water depth, water flow and the velocity of the horizontal high-speed jet 8 formed when passing through the through hole 5 in the first water cushion pond area 6, which can be used to determine the optimal diameter range of the through hole 5, so as to ensure that under different water depth conditions, the jet intensity of the through hole 5 can effectively induce shear turbulence and enhance energy dissipation, and will not cause local scouring or structural damage due to excessively high flow rate; at the same time, in combination with the spatial distribution characteristics of the main flow velocity under the checking condition, the number, position and spacing of the through hole 5 are reasonably arranged, so that the horizontal high-speed jet 8 formed thereby fully intersects and exchanges momentum in space, thereby optimizing the development of the turbulent structure and improving the overall composite energy dissipation performance and structural operation safety of the water cushion pond.

[0033] It should be noted that the quantitative relationship between the aperture, water depth and jet velocity is used to determine the precise parameters of the through hole structure to ensure that the through hole can play the maximum energy dissipation role, but the core innovation point of the present application is to realize multiple composite energy dissipation of the water flow through the partition wall, and the precise parameters of the through hole will not affect the realization of the technical effect, and therefore the quantitative relationship is not described in detail in this embodiment.

[0034] Embodiment 3 As a further supplement to Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the shape of the through hole 5 is at least one of a circular shape, a square shape or a diamond shape, such as the circular through hole shown in Figure 3 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the partition wall 4 is in a stepped structure with wide bottom and narrow top, and the specific thickness value needs to be matched according to the actual engineering condition, and the structure setting is an optimized design based on the comprehensive structural stability, hydraulic performance and functional requirements of the stepped water cushion pond, the wide bottom is helpful to disperse the load, improve the anti-sliding and anti-overturning capacity of the partition wall 4, and enhance the foundation stability; the narrow top is conducive to controlling the overflow form, slowing down the water flow impact, and improving the energy dissipation effect.

[0035] Further, as shown in Figure 9 One side of the partition wall 4 is in a slope shape, and the other side is perpendicular to the water flow direction, the single-side slope structure has better economy and practicability due to less concrete consumption, simple construction and compact structure, and is often used in the working condition that the space is limited or only one side bears the main water flow action; as shown in Figure 10 Both sides of the partition wall 4 are in a slope shape, the double-side slope structure has better hydraulic performance, the water flow transition is stable, the energy dissipation effect is good, and it is conducive to improving the dam body stability, and is suitable for the engineering that the water flow acts in two directions or is symmetrically arranged.

[0036] Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high arch dam water cushion basin structure with composite energy dissipation effect, comprising a slope (1), a dam body (2) and a secondary dam (3), wherein the slope (1), the dam body (2) and the secondary dam (3) enclose a water cushion basin, characterized in that: a partition wall (4) is further included, the partition wall (4) is installed between the dam body (2) and the secondary dam (3), the height of the partition wall (4) is greater than or equal to the height of the secondary dam (3), and a plurality of through holes (5) are arranged on the partition wall (4); the partition wall (4) divides the water cushion basin into a primary water cushion basin area (6) and a secondary water cushion basin area (7), the longitudinal length of the primary water cushion basin area (6) is greater than the maximum water tongue outer edge cant distance of the dam body (2); the water in the primary water cushion basin area (6) is injected into the secondary water cushion basin area (7) in the form of horizontal high-speed jet flow (8) through the through holes (5) and in the form of falling water flow (9) by climbing over the top of the partition wall (4), the horizontal high-speed jet flow (8) and the falling water flow (9) intersect in the secondary water cushion basin area (7) to form a composite energy dissipation flow state. The shape of the through hole (5) is at least one of a circle, a square or a diamond. The shape, aperture, number and arrangement of the through hole (5) are adapted according to actual engineering conditions. The partition wall (4) is in a stepped structure with a wide bottom and a narrow top.

2. The high arch dam stilling basin structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the partition wall (4) is in a slope shape, and the other side is perpendicular to the water flow direction; or both sides of the partition wall (4) are in a slope shape.

3. The high arch dam stilling basin structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition wall (4) is made of an anti-erosion concrete material.

4. The high arch dam stilling basin structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole (5) is composed of a pre-embedded stainless steel pipe or a shaped concrete hole.

5. The high arch dam stilling basin structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: ​ 6. The high arch dam stilling basin structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 7. The high arch dam stilling basin structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: ​

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