Flying seed ball and preparation method thereof
By designing multi-layered aerial seeding balls, the problems of seeds being easily blown away by the wind and damaged upon landing were solved, thereby improving the seed survival rate and achieving a highly efficient seed germination effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511466559.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-28
AI Technical Summary
In existing aerial seeding techniques, seeds are easily blown away or eaten by the wind, and the seeds are damaged when the bulbs land, resulting in a low survival rate.
Design a multi-layered aerial seeding ball, including a seed core, a release layer, a response layer, and a protective layer. The seed core consists of seeds, an adhesive, and an insecticide. The release layer consists of nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, and humic acid. The response layer consists of a water-retaining agent and a water-absorbing gel. The outer wall of the protective layer has protrusions and through holes, and the surface of the protrusions has grooves.
It improves the survival rate of seeds, makes seeds less susceptible to damage after falling to the ground, and absorbs water and provides nutrients to support germination through grooves and holes.
Smart Images
Figure CN121014329A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerial seeding technology, specifically relating to an aerial seeding ball and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Aerial seeding is an ecological restoration technology that uses airplanes or drones to sow seeds on a large scale. It is mainly used in desertification control, mine reclamation, and forest restoration. Its core is to wrap the seeds in specially designed "seed balls" to overcome the problem of low survival rate caused by exposed seeds in traditional aerial seeding.
[0003] In existing technologies, aerial seeding directly scatters seeds onto the ground, which makes the seeds easily blown away by the wind or damaged by animals. Some bulbs, after being scattered onto the ground, experience a large impact force on the ground due to their high descent height, causing the bulbs to break and the seeds inside to be damaged.
[0004] To address the existing problems, we propose a method for preparing aerial seeding pellets.
[0005] The information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of the inventive concept, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This application provides a method for preparing a seeding ball, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art.
[0007] A type of seeding ball includes: The seed kernel consists of seeds, adhesive, and pesticide, which are mixed and formed into a sphere. The release layer encapsulates the seed kernel. The raw materials for preparing the release layer include nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, and humic acid. The responsive layer, also known as the encapsulation and release layer, is prepared using raw materials including water-retaining agents and hydrogels. The protective layer encloses the responsive layer, and the outer wall of the protective layer has at least one protrusion.
[0008] Preferably, the protrusion can be a cone or a column.
[0009] Preferably, the protective layer can be diatomaceous earth or soil.
[0010] Preferably, the thickness of the release layer is 5%-10% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, the thickness of the response layer is 40%-70% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is 20%-55% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer.
[0011] Preferably, the slow-release fertilizer is one or more of the following: resin-coated slow-release fertilizer, sulfur-coated slow-release fertilizer, nitrification inhibitor slow-release fertilizer, and urea-formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer.
[0012] Preferably, the humic acid is one or more of fulvic acid, brown humic acid and black humic acid.
[0013] Preferably, the protective layer has a through hole, the responsive layer and the protective layer communicate with each other through the through hole, and the raised surface has a groove, one end of which extends to the through hole.
[0014] Preferably, the water-retaining agent is one or more of starch-based water-retaining agents, cellulose-based water-retaining agents, and humic acid complex water-retaining agents.
[0015] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the hydrogel include glutinous rice flour, acrylamide, crosslinking agent, allyl alcohol and calcium chloride, and the mass ratio of polyacrylamide to allyl alcohol is (10-20):(2-5).
[0016] Preferably, the method for preparing the hydrogel includes: Take an appropriate amount of glutinous rice flour to prepare a glutinous rice flour emulsion, and prepare a gelatinized glutinous rice liquid under process conditions 1. Appropriate amounts of acrylamide, allyl alcohol, and catalyst were added to a reaction vessel, and after the reaction was completed under process condition 2, intermediate product 1 was obtained by purification. Mix an appropriate amount of gelatinized glutinous rice liquid, acrylamide, intermediate product 1 and calcium chloride evenly to obtain intermediate product solution 2; The intermediate solution was degassed with nitrogen gas, and after degassed, intermediate solution 3 was obtained. The intermediate solution 3 was reacted by irradiating it with ultraviolet light under process condition 3, and the hydrogel was obtained after the reaction was completed.
[0017] Preferably, process condition 1 involves mixing glutinous rice flour emulsion with an alkaline solution of 1-5% concentration, and then stirring at 40-50℃ for 1-2 hours.
[0018] Preferably, process condition 2 involves ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 300-400 nm and an irradiance of 10-25 mW / cm². 2 .
[0019] The steps of a method for preparing aerial seeding pellets include: Take an appropriate amount of glutinous rice flour to prepare a glutinous rice flour emulsion, and prepare a gelatinized glutinous rice liquid under process conditions 1. Add appropriate amounts of acrylamide, allyl alcohol and catalyst into a reaction vessel and react under process condition 2. After the reaction is completed, purified intermediate 1 is obtained. Mix an appropriate amount of gelatinized glutinous rice liquid, acrylamide, intermediate product 1 and calcium chloride evenly to obtain intermediate product solution 2; The intermediate solution was degassed with nitrogen gas, and after degassed, intermediate solution 3 was obtained. The intermediate solution 3 was irradiated with ultraviolet light under process condition 3 to carry out the reaction, and the hydrogel was obtained after the reaction was completed. Disinfect the seeds, then wash and dry them. Mix appropriate amounts of adhesive, insecticide and water to form a paste, then bury the seeds in the paste, roll them with a sieve to form spheres, and dry and harden them to prepare seed kernels; Take an appropriate amount of nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid and water and mix them to make a clay-like consistency to obtain a release layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the release layer semi-finished product around the outside of the seed core to obtain seed bulb semi-finished product 1. Take an appropriate amount of water-retaining agent, water-absorbing gel and water and mix them evenly to obtain a response layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the response layer semi-finished product around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 1 to obtain the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. Diatomaceous earth is wrapped around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. The outer wall of the protective layer made of diatomaceous earth has at least one protrusion, and the protective layer also has a through hole. The response layer and the protective layer are connected through the through hole. The surface of the protrusion has a groove, and one end of the groove extends to the through hole, thus finally producing the seed bulb.
[0020] A method for preparing aerial seeding pellets, the steps of which include: 1) Take an appropriate amount of glutinous rice flour to prepare glutinous rice flour emulsion, and prepare gelatinized glutinous rice liquid under process conditions 1; 2) Mix an appropriate amount of gelatinized glutinous rice liquid, polyacrylamide, polyacryl alcohol, calcium chloride, crosslinking agent, and photoinitiator evenly to obtain intermediate solution 1; 3) Nitrogen gas is used to degas the intermediate solution, and after degassing, intermediate 2 is obtained; 4) Intermediate product 2 was irradiated with ultraviolet light under process conditions 2 to carry out the reaction, and a hydrogel was obtained after the reaction was completed; 5) Disinfect the seeds. After disinfection, clean the seeds thoroughly and let them air dry. 6) Mix an appropriate amount of adhesive, insecticide and water into a paste-like protective layer semi-finished product, then bury the seeds in the protective layer semi-finished product, roll the process ball with a sieve, and after drying and hardening, obtain seed ball semi-finished product 1. 7) Take an appropriate amount of nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid and water and mix them together to make a clay-like consistency. This will give you a semi-release layer product. Wrap the semi-release layer product around the outside of the bulb semi-finished product 1 to get the bulb semi-finished product 2. 8) Take an appropriate amount of water-retaining agent, diatomaceous earth, water-absorbing gel and water and mix them evenly to obtain a response layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the response layer semi-finished product around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 2, and dry and harden it to obtain the seed bulb.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the seed bulb response layer prepared by the present invention has a high water absorption rate and does not pollute the land, and the seeds are not easily damaged by falling from a height and under severe impact after landing; when the seed bulbs land, the rain or sprayed water enters the response layer through the groove and through the through hole, absorbs the water in the response layer and then transfers it to the release layer, and the seeds germinate under the nutrients of the release layer, which significantly improves the survival rate of the seeds. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another three-dimensional structure of the present invention; In the picture: Protective layer; 11-through hole; 2-protrusion; 21-groove. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0024] Example 1:
[0025] Preparation of hydrogels: 1) Take 10 parts of glutinous rice flour and 20 parts of water to prepare glutinous rice flour emulsion. Mix 10 parts of glutinous rice flour emulsion with 10 parts of 1% sodium hydroxide solution and stir at 40℃ for 1 hour to prepare gelatinized glutinous rice liquid. 2) Add 2 parts of allyl alcohol and 0.1 parts of sodium ethoxide to a reaction vessel under nitrogen protection, and slowly add 1 part of acrylamide to allyl alcohol. React at 50°C for 0.5 h. After extraction, intermediate product 1 is obtained. 3) Mix 10 parts of gelatinized glutinous rice liquid, 9 parts of acrylamide, 1 part of intermediate product 1 and 1 part of calcium chloride evenly and emulsify to obtain intermediate product solution 2; 4) Nitrogen gas was used to degas the intermediate solution for 5 minutes, and after degassing, intermediate solution 3 was obtained; 5) Use a wavelength of 300nm and an illumination intensity of 10 mW / cm². 2 The intermediate solution was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 1 hour, and a hydrogel was obtained after the reaction was completed.
[0026] Bulb preparation: 1) Disinfect the shrub seeds. After disinfection, clean the shrub seeds and let them air dry. 2) Mix the adhesive, insecticide and water to form a paste or block, then bury the shrub seeds in the paste, roll them with a sieve to form spheres, and dry and harden them to prepare seed kernels; Specifically, the weight ratio of the adhesive, pesticide, water, and shrub seeds is such that the mixture forms a paste or block that can eventually dry and harden. The adhesive is starch.
[0027] 3) Mix the nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid and water to a clay-like consistency to obtain a release layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the release layer semi-finished product around the seed core to obtain seed bulb semi-finished product 1. Specifically, the weight ratio of nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid, and water is such that the mixture forms a clay-like consistency that can coat the seed kernel. The slow-release fertilizer is a resin-coated type, the humic acid is commercially available fulvic acid, and the nutrient soil is a conventional commercially available product.
[0028] 4) Mix the water-retaining agent, water-absorbing gel and water evenly to obtain the response layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the response layer semi-finished product around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 1 to obtain the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. Specifically, the weight ratio of the water-retaining agent, hydrogel, and water should be such that the mixture can coat the outside of the release layer. The water-retaining agent is a commercially available cellulose-based water-retaining agent.
[0029] 5) The diatomaceous earth is wrapped around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. The outer wall of the protective layer made of diatomaceous earth has at least 6 cone-shaped protrusions. The response layer and the protective layer are connected through through holes. Each protrusion has 2 grooves on its surface, and the protective layer also has through holes corresponding to the grooves. One end of the groove extends to the through hole, and the seed bulb is finally obtained.
[0030] Specifically, the protrusions can be made separately and then glued to the diatomaceous earth wrapped around the semi-finished bulb 2. The grooves can be made by molding. Commercially available diatomaceous earth can be used.
[0031] Specifically, the thickness of the release layer is 5% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, the thickness of the response layer is 40% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is 20% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer.
[0032] Example 2:
[0033] Preparation of hydrogels: 1) Take 20 parts of glutinous rice flour and 50 parts of water to prepare glutinous rice flour emulsion. Mix 20 parts of glutinous rice flour emulsion with 20 parts of 5% potassium hydroxide solution and stir at 50℃ for 2 hours to prepare gelatinized glutinous rice liquid. 2) Add 5 parts of allyl alcohol and 0.5 parts of potassium tert-butoxide into a reaction vessel under nitrogen protection, and slowly add 5 parts of acrylamide to allyl alcohol. React at 80℃ for 4 hours. After extraction, intermediate product 1 is obtained. 3) Mix 20 parts of gelatinized glutinous rice liquid, 15 parts of acrylamide, 3 parts of intermediate product 1 and 2 parts of calcium chloride evenly and emulsify to obtain intermediate product solution 2; 4) Nitrogen gas was used to degas the intermediate solution for 20 minutes, and after degassing, intermediate solution 3 was obtained; 5) Use a wavelength of 400nm and an illumination intensity of 25 mW / cm². 2 The intermediate solution was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 5 hours, and a hydrogel was obtained after the reaction was completed.
[0034] Bulb preparation: 1) Disinfect the shrub seeds. After disinfection, clean the shrub seeds and let them air dry. 2) Mix the adhesive, insecticide and water to form a paste or block, then bury the shrub seeds in the paste, roll them with a sieve to form spheres, and dry and harden them to prepare seed kernels; Specifically, the weight ratio of the adhesive, pesticide, water, and shrub seeds should be such that the mixture forms a paste or block, and eventually dries and hardens. The adhesive used is commercially available sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
[0035] 3) Mix the nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid and water to a clay-like consistency to obtain a release layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the release layer semi-finished product around the seed core to obtain seed bulb semi-finished product 1. Specifically, the weight ratio of nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid, and water should be such that the mixture forms a clay-like consistency that can coat the seed kernel. The nutrient soil should be commercially available, and the slow-release fertilizer should be a commercially available nitrification inhibitor type slow-release fertilizer.
[0036] 4) Mix the water-retaining agent, water-absorbing gel and water evenly to obtain the response layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the response layer semi-finished product around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 1 to obtain the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. Specifically, the weight ratio of the water-retaining agent, the hydrogel, and the water should be such that the mixture can coat the outside of the release layer. The water-retaining agent is a commercially available humic acid complex water-retaining agent.
[0037] 5) The diatomaceous earth is wrapped around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. The outer wall of the protective layer made of diatomaceous earth has at least one columnar protrusion. The response layer and the protective layer are connected through a through hole. Each protrusion has 3 grooves on its surface, and the protective layer also has a through hole corresponding to the groove. One end of the groove extends to the through hole, and the seed bulb is finally obtained.
[0038] Specifically, the protrusions can be made separately and then glued to the diatomaceous earth wrapped around the semi-finished bulb 2. The grooves can be made by molding. The diatomaceous earth is commercially available.
[0039] Specifically, the thickness of the release layer is 10% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, the thickness of the response layer is 70% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is 55% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer.
[0040] Example 3:
[0041] Preparation of hydrogels: 1) Take 15 parts of glutinous rice flour and 30 parts of water to prepare glutinous rice flour emulsion. Mix 15 parts of glutinous rice flour emulsion with 15 parts of 3% potassium hydroxide and stir at 45℃ for 1.5h to prepare gelatinized glutinous rice liquid. 2) Add 3 parts of allyl alcohol and 0.3 parts of sodium ethoxide to a reaction vessel under nitrogen protection, and slowly add 3 parts of acrylamide to allyl alcohol. React at 70°C for 3 hours. After extraction, intermediate product 1 is obtained. 3) Mix 15 parts of gelatinized glutinous rice liquid, 12 parts of acrylamide, 2 parts of intermediate product 1 and 1.5 parts of calcium chloride evenly and emulsify to obtain intermediate product solution 2; 4) Nitrogen gas was used to degas the intermediate solution for 10 minutes, and after degassing, intermediate solution 3 was obtained; 5) Use a wavelength of 350nm and an illumination intensity of 20 mW / cm². 2 The intermediate solution was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 3 hours and reacted. After the reaction was completed, a hydrogel was obtained.
[0042] Bulb preparation: 1) Disinfect the shrub seeds. After disinfection, clean the shrub seeds and let them air dry. 2) Mix the adhesive, insecticide and water to form a paste or block, then bury the shrub seeds in the paste, roll them with a sieve to form spheres, and dry and harden them to prepare seed kernels; Specifically, the weight ratio of the adhesive, pesticide, water, and shrub seeds should be such that the mixture forms a paste or block, and eventually dries and hardens. The adhesive is a commercially available starch adhesive.
[0043] 3) Mix the nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid and water to a clay-like consistency to obtain a release layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the release layer semi-finished product around the seed core to obtain seed bulb semi-finished product 1. Specifically, the weight ratio of nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid, and water should be such that the mixture forms a clay-like consistency that can coat the seed kernel. The slow-release fertilizer should be a commercially available urea-formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer, and the humic acid should be a commercially available black humic acid.
[0044] 4) Mix the water-retaining agent, water-absorbing gel and water evenly to obtain the response layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the response layer semi-finished product around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 1 to obtain the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. Specifically, the weight ratio of the water-retaining agent, the hydrogel, and the water should be such that the mixture can coat the outside of the release layer.
[0045] 5) The diatomaceous earth is wrapped around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. The outer wall of the protective layer made of diatomaceous earth has at least four conical protrusions. The response layer and the protective layer are connected through through holes. Each protrusion has 6 grooves on its surface. The protective layer also has through holes corresponding to the grooves. One end of the groove extends to the through hole, and the seed bulb is finally obtained.
[0046] Specifically, the protrusions can be made separately and then glued to the diatomaceous earth wrapped around the semi-finished bulb 2. The grooves can be made by molding. The diatomaceous earth is commercially available.
[0047] Specifically, the thickness of the release layer is 6% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, the thickness of the response layer is 60% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is 40% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer.
[0048] Example 4:
[0049] A seed-seeding ball includes a seed core, a release layer, a response layer, and a protective layer. The seed core comprises shrub seeds, an adhesive, and an insecticide, which are mixed and formed into a sphere. The release layer encloses the seed core and is prepared from nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, and humic acid. The response layer encloses the release layer and is prepared from water-retaining agents and hydrogels. The protective layer encloses the response layer. The outer wall of the protective layer has at least one protrusion and a through-hole. The response layer and the protective layer communicate through the through-hole. The surface of the protrusion has a groove, one end of which extends to the through-hole. The thickness of the release layer is 5%-10% of the distance from the seed core to the surface of the protective layer, the thickness of the response layer is 40%-70% of the distance from the seed core to the surface of the protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is 20%-55% of the distance from the seed core to the surface of the protective layer.
[0050] Specifically, the protrusions can be cone-shaped or columnar, and each protrusion has at least one groove.
[0051] Comparative Example 1: 1) Take 15 parts of glutinous rice flour and 30 parts of water to prepare glutinous rice flour emulsion. Mix 15 parts of glutinous rice flour emulsion with 15 parts of 3% potassium hydroxide and stir at 45℃ for 1.5h to prepare gelatinized glutinous rice liquid. 2) Add 3 parts of allyl alcohol and 0.3 parts of sodium ethoxide to a reaction vessel under nitrogen protection, and slowly add 3 parts of acrylamide to allyl alcohol. React at 70°C for 3 hours. After extraction, intermediate product 1 is obtained. 3) Mix 15 parts of gelatinized glutinous rice liquid, 12 parts of acrylamide and 2 parts of intermediate product evenly and emulsify to obtain intermediate product solution 2; 4) Nitrogen gas was used to degas the intermediate solution for 10 minutes, and after degassing, intermediate solution 3 was obtained; 5) Use a wavelength of 350nm and an illumination intensity of 20 mW / cm². 2 The intermediate solution was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 3 hours and reacted. After the reaction was completed, a hydrogel was obtained.
[0052] Bulb preparation: 1) Disinfect the shrub seeds. After disinfection, clean the shrub seeds and let them air dry. 2) Mix the adhesive, insecticide and water to form a paste or block, then bury the shrub seeds in the paste, roll them with a sieve to form spheres, and dry and harden them to prepare seed kernels; Specifically, the weight ratio of the adhesive, pesticide, water, and shrub seeds should be such that the mixture forms a paste or block, and eventually dries and hardens. The adhesive is a commercially available starch adhesive.
[0053] 3) Mix the nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid and water to a clay-like consistency to obtain a release layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the release layer semi-finished product around the seed core to obtain seed bulb semi-finished product 1. Specifically, the weight ratio of nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid, and water should be such that the mixture forms a clay-like consistency that can coat the seed kernel. The slow-release fertilizer should be a commercially available urea-formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer, and the humic acid should be a commercially available black humic acid.
[0054] 4) Mix the water-retaining agent, water-absorbing gel and water evenly to obtain the response layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the response layer semi-finished product around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 1 to obtain the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. Specifically, the weight ratio of the water-retaining agent, the hydrogel, and the water should be such that the mixture can coat the outside of the release layer.
[0055] 5) The diatomaceous earth is wrapped around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. The outer wall of the protective layer made of diatomaceous earth has at least four conical protrusions. The response layer and the protective layer are connected through through holes. Each protrusion has 6 grooves on its surface. The protective layer also has through holes corresponding to the grooves. One end of the groove extends to the through hole, and the seed bulb is finally obtained.
[0056] Specifically, the protrusions can be made separately and then glued to the diatomaceous earth wrapped around the semi-finished bulb 2. The grooves can be made by molding. The diatomaceous earth is commercially available.
[0057] Specifically, the thickness of the release layer is 6% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, the thickness of the response layer is 60% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is 40% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer.
[0058] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of hydrogels: 1) Take 15 parts of glutinous rice flour and 30 parts of water to prepare glutinous rice flour emulsion. Mix 15 parts of glutinous rice flour emulsion with 15 parts of 3% potassium hydroxide and stir at 45℃ for 1.5h to prepare gelatinized glutinous rice liquid. 2) Mix 15 parts of gelatinized glutinous rice liquid, 12 parts of acrylamide, 2 parts of intermediate product 1 and 1.5 parts of calcium chloride evenly and emulsify to obtain intermediate product solution 2; 3) Nitrogen gas was used to degas the intermediate solution for 10 minutes, and the intermediate solution 3 was obtained after degassing. 4) Use a wavelength of 350nm and an illumination intensity of 20 mW / cm². 2 The intermediate solution was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 3 hours and reacted. After the reaction was completed, a hydrogel was obtained.
[0059] Bulb preparation: 1) Disinfect the shrub seeds. After disinfection, clean the shrub seeds and let them air dry. 2) Mix the adhesive, insecticide and water to form a paste or block, then bury the shrub seeds in the paste, roll them with a sieve to form spheres, and dry and harden them to prepare seed kernels; Specifically, the weight ratio of the adhesive, pesticide, water, and shrub seeds should be such that the mixture forms a paste or block, and eventually dries and hardens. The adhesive is a commercially available starch adhesive.
[0060] 3) Mix the nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid and water to a clay-like consistency to obtain a release layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the release layer semi-finished product around the seed core to obtain seed bulb semi-finished product 1. Specifically, the weight ratio of nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid, and water should be such that the mixture forms a clay-like consistency that can coat the seed kernel. The slow-release fertilizer should be a commercially available urea-formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer, and the humic acid should be a commercially available black humic acid.
[0061] 4) Mix the water-retaining agent, water-absorbing gel and water evenly to obtain the response layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the response layer semi-finished product around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 1 to obtain the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. Specifically, the weight ratio of the water-retaining agent, the hydrogel, and the water should be such that the mixture can coat the outside of the release layer.
[0062] 5) The diatomaceous earth is wrapped around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. The outer wall of the protective layer made of diatomaceous earth has at least four conical protrusions. The response layer and the protective layer are connected through through holes. Each protrusion has 6 grooves on its surface. The protective layer also has through holes corresponding to the grooves. One end of the groove extends to the through hole, and the seed bulb is finally obtained.
[0063] Specifically, the protrusions can be made separately and then glued to the diatomaceous earth wrapped around the semi-finished bulb 2. The grooves can be made by molding. The diatomaceous earth is commercially available.
[0064] Specifically, the thickness of the release layer is 6% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, the thickness of the response layer is 60% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is 40% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer.
[0065] Comparative Example 3: Preparation of hydrogels: 1) Take 15 parts of glutinous rice flour and 30 parts of water to prepare glutinous rice flour emulsion. Mix 15 parts of glutinous rice flour emulsion with 15 parts of 3% potassium hydroxide and stir at 45℃ for 1.5h to prepare gelatinized glutinous rice liquid. 2) Add 3 parts of allyl alcohol and 0.3 parts of sodium ethoxide to a reaction vessel under nitrogen protection, and slowly add 3 parts of acrylamide to allyl alcohol. React at 70°C for 3 hours. After extraction, intermediate product 1 is obtained. 3) Mix 15 parts of gelatinized glutinous rice liquid, 12 parts of acrylamide, 2 parts of intermediate product 1 and 1.5 parts of calcium chloride evenly and emulsify to obtain intermediate product solution 2; 4) Nitrogen gas was used to degas the intermediate solution for 10 minutes, and after degassing, intermediate solution 3 was obtained; 5) Use a wavelength of 350nm and an illumination intensity of 20 mW / cm². 2 The intermediate solution was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 3 hours and reacted. After the reaction was completed, a hydrogel was obtained.
[0066] Bulb preparation: 1) Disinfect the shrub seeds. After disinfection, clean the shrub seeds and let them air dry. 2) Mix the adhesive, insecticide and water to form a paste or block, then bury the shrub seeds in the paste, roll them with a sieve to form spheres, and dry and harden them to prepare seed kernels; Specifically, the weight ratio of the adhesive, pesticide, water, and shrub seeds should be such that the mixture forms a paste or block, and eventually dries and hardens. The adhesive is a commercially available starch adhesive.
[0067] 3) Mix the nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid and water to a clay-like consistency to obtain a release layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the release layer semi-finished product around the seed core to obtain seed bulb semi-finished product 1. Specifically, the weight ratio of nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid, and water should be such that the mixture forms a clay-like consistency that can coat the seed kernel. The slow-release fertilizer should be a commercially available urea-formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer, and the humic acid should be a commercially available black humic acid.
[0068] 4) Mix the water-retaining agent, water-absorbing gel and water evenly to obtain the response layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the response layer semi-finished product around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 1 to obtain the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. Specifically, the weight ratio of the water-retaining agent, the hydrogel, and the water should be such that the mixture can coat the outside of the release layer.
[0069] 5) The diatomaceous earth is wrapped around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. The outer wall of the protective layer made of diatomaceous earth has at least four conical protrusions. The response layer and the protective layer are connected through through holes. Each protrusion has 6 grooves on its surface. The protective layer also has through holes corresponding to the grooves. One end of the groove extends to the through hole, and the seed bulb is finally obtained.
[0070] Specifically, the protrusions can be made separately and then glued to the diatomaceous earth wrapped around the semi-finished bulb 2. The grooves can be made by molding. The diatomaceous earth is commercially available.
[0071] Specifically, the thickness of the release layer is 6% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, the thickness of the response layer is 60% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is 40% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer.
[0072] Comparative Example 4: Compared to Example 3, the protective layer has no protrusions or grooves.
[0073] Preparation of hydrogels: In spring, the bulbs prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were sown at a height of 50 meters above seven adjacent plots of land measuring 20 meters by 20 meters each. The sowing time was the same for each plot. Each bulb contained five shrub seeds. Twenty bulbs prepared in each Example 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were thrown into each plot. Water was then sprayed from above, just enough to moisten the ground surface. The survival rate of each plot was observed after 3 and 4 months.
[0074] Table 1 Data Results
[0075] Based on the 2-month survival rates in Table 1, the survival rates of Examples 1-3 were all above 90%. Compared with Example 3, the germination rate of Comparative Example 1 decreased by about 40%; compared with Example 3, the germination rate of Comparative Example 2 decreased by about 50%; compared with Example 3, the germination rate of Comparative Example 3 decreased by about 17%; compared with Comparative Example 2, the survival rate of Comparative Example 1 was about 20% lower; and compared with Example 3, the germination rate of Comparative Example 4 decreased by about 45%.
[0076] As shown in Table 1, the survival rate of seeds in Examples 1-3 was around 90%. Compared with Example 3, the germination rate of Comparative Example 1 decreased by about 45%; compared with Example 3, the germination rate of Comparative Example 2 decreased by about 55%; compared with Example 3, the germination rate of Comparative Example 3 decreased by about 20%; and compared with Example 3, the germination rate of Comparative Example 4 decreased by about 50%.
[0077] Looking at the survival rates of Examples 1-3 at different times, the survival rates at 2 months and 3 months were not significantly different. Similarly, the survival rates of Comparative Examples 1-3 at 3 months and 5 months were not significantly different. However, the survival rate of Comparative Example 4 differed significantly over two months; the survival rate of Comparative Example 4 at 3 months was approximately 23% lower than that at 2 months.
[0078] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described (see the detailed description above), it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A type of aerial seeding ball, characterized in that, The seed bulbs include: A seed kernel, comprising a seed, an adhesive, and an insecticide, wherein the seed, the adhesive, and the insecticide are mixed and formed into a sphere; The release layer encapsulates the seed nucleus, and the raw materials for preparing the release layer include nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, and humic acid. A responsive layer encapsulates the release layer, and the raw materials for preparing the responsive layer include a water-retaining agent and a hydrogel. A protective layer that encloses the response layer, wherein the outer wall of the protective layer has at least one protrusion.
2. The aerial seeding ball according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the release layer is 5%-10% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, the thickness of the response layer is 40%-70% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is 20%-55% of the distance from the seed nucleus to the surface of the protective layer.
3. The aerial seeding ball according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective layer has a through hole, the responsive layer and the protective layer communicate through the through hole, and the raised surface has a groove, one end of which extends to the through hole.
4. The aerial seeding ball according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the hydrogel include glutinous rice flour, acrylamide, crosslinking agent, allyl alcohol and calcium chloride, and the mass ratio of polyacrylamide to allyl alcohol is (10-20):(2-5).
5. A seeding ball according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method for preparing the hydrogel includes: Take an appropriate amount of glutinous rice flour to prepare a glutinous rice flour emulsion, and prepare a gelatinized glutinous rice liquid under process conditions 1. Appropriate amounts of acrylamide, allyl alcohol, and catalyst were added to a reaction vessel, and after the reaction was completed under process condition 2, intermediate product 1 was obtained by purification. Mix an appropriate amount of gelatinized glutinous rice liquid, acrylamide, intermediate product 1 and calcium chloride evenly to obtain intermediate product solution 2; The intermediate solution was degassed with nitrogen gas, and after degassed, intermediate solution 3 was obtained. The intermediate solution 3 was reacted by irradiating it with ultraviolet light under process condition 3, and the hydrogel was obtained after the reaction was completed.
6. A seeding ball according to claim 5, characterized in that, Process condition 1 involves mixing glutinous rice flour emulsion with an alkaline solution of 1-5% concentration, and then stirring at 40-50℃ for 1-2 hours.
7. A seeding ball according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process condition 2 is that the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is 300-400nm and the light intensity is 10-25mW / cm². 2 .
8. A method for preparing aerial seeding pellets, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: Take an appropriate amount of glutinous rice flour to prepare a glutinous rice flour emulsion, and prepare a gelatinized glutinous rice liquid under process conditions 1. Appropriate amounts of acrylamide, allyl alcohol, and catalyst were added to a reaction vessel, and after the reaction was completed under process condition 2, intermediate product 1 was obtained by purification. Mix an appropriate amount of gelatinized glutinous rice liquid, acrylamide, intermediate product 1 and calcium chloride evenly to obtain intermediate product solution 2; The intermediate solution was degassed with nitrogen gas, and after degassed, intermediate solution 3 was obtained. The intermediate solution 3 was irradiated with ultraviolet light under process condition 3 to carry out the reaction, and the hydrogel was obtained after the reaction was completed. Disinfect the seeds; after disinfection, clean the seeds thoroughly and let them air dry. Mix appropriate amounts of adhesive, insecticide and water to form a paste, then bury the seeds in the paste, roll them with a sieve to form spheres, and dry and harden them to prepare seed kernels; Take an appropriate amount of nutrient soil, slow-release fertilizer, humic acid and water and mix them to make a clay-like consistency to obtain a release layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the release layer semi-finished product around the outside of the seed core to obtain seed bulb semi-finished product 1. Take an appropriate amount of water-retaining agent, water-absorbing gel and water and mix them evenly to obtain a response layer semi-finished product. Then wrap the response layer semi-finished product around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 1 to obtain the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. Diatomaceous earth is wrapped around the outside of the seed bulb semi-finished product 2. The outer wall of the protective layer made of diatomaceous earth has at least one protrusion, and the protective layer also has a through hole. The response layer and the protective layer are connected through the through hole. The surface of the protrusion has a groove, and one end of the groove extends to the through hole, thus finally producing the seed bulb.