Tuber crop harvester

Abstract

A tuber crop harvester comprises a digging assembly, a feeding assembly, a main body rack, a material conveying assembly and a material collecting assembly, the feeding assembly comprises a first feeding mechanism and a second feeding mechanism, the first feeding mechanism comprises a one-way non-return mechanism, the one-way non-return mechanism comprises a fixing frame and a one-way baffle, and the fixing frame is provided with a plurality of through holes. The main body rack is matched with a hanging rack of the material conveying assembly in a hanging mode, a power assembly is arranged above the main body rack, a containing cavity used for containing the second feeding mechanism is formed in the main body rack, the material collecting assembly comprises a material bin and a folding assembly, and the folding assembly enables the material bin to be unfolded or folded. The structure arrangement of the harvester is optimized, the feeding assembly is prolonged, a plurality of separating parts are arranged, the soil and weed separating effect is improved, the connecting structure between the racks is optimized, the storage space of the storage bin can be adjusted, automatic discharging is achieved, and manual discharging is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural harvesting machine technology, specifically relating to a harvester for tuber crops. Background Technology

[0002] Tuberous crops, including common grains and medicinal herbs such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, and pinellia, are widely planted throughout my country and have extremely high economic value. After these crops mature, the tubers are buried in the soil, and manual digging and harvesting are extremely inefficient. Under the strategy of promoting modern mechanized planting, the use of large agricultural harvesting machinery such as harvesters can greatly improve harvesting efficiency, thereby freeing up labor.

[0003] Existing harvesters for tuber crops typically face the following challenges: how to better separate soil and crops after harvesting to improve crop cleanliness; and how to optimize the structure of various components of the harvester to improve waste removal efficiency and store more crops per batch, thereby saving labor costs.

[0004] For example, CN222193137U discloses a tuber harvester. This harvester includes a main frame with symmetrically arranged tracks. A digging mechanism is mounted on the main frame between the tracks. A conveying rake is located at the front end of the digging mechanism, and a vibrating screen conveying mechanism is located at the front end of the rake. A storage box is located at the front end of the vibrating screen conveying mechanism. This harvester uses the conveying rake to separate tubers from the soil by gravity during transport; the rake teeth scrape the soil on the surface of the tubers, further separating the soil from the tubers. The vibrating screen conveying mechanism further vibrates and screens the tubers, ensuring even separation and effectively reducing storage weight and volume. While this harvester addresses the problem of poor soil separation for small tubers in existing harvesters, leading to large storage weight and volume, its main soil-separating function relies on the digging mechanism. The effectiveness of soil separation varies greatly depending on the soil type and region. Furthermore, the machine's overall structure requires further optimization.

[0005] In conclusion, improving soil separation efficiency and optimizing machine structure are crucial and urgent issues to be addressed in the development of modern mechanization in the agricultural planting of tuberous crops, particularly in the context of harvesting machinery for tuberous crops. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the problems of fixed working modes and poor separation and screening effects between harvested crops and soil in existing tuber crop harvesters. It optimizes the overall structure and layout of the harvester by moving the powertrain, typically located inside the main frame, to the upper part of the frame. The original space is used for the feeding assembly, improving the separation time and effectiveness of soil and weeds during feeding. Multiple separation components are incorporated into the feeding and conveying assemblies to further enhance soil and weed separation. The connection structure between the main frame and the conveying assembly is optimized, making installation and disassembly convenient and quick. The hopper can be expanded, retracted, and opened / closed, increasing storage space and enabling automatic discharge without manual unloading, thus improving the harvester's working efficiency.

[0007] The technical problem solved by this invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: a tuber crop harvester, comprising a digging assembly, a feeding assembly, a main frame, a conveying assembly, and a collecting assembly, wherein: The excavation assembly is located in front of the feed assembly; The feeding assembly includes a first feeding mechanism located at the front of the main frame and a second feeding mechanism located inside the main frame, with the end of the first feeding mechanism located above the front end of the second feeding mechanism; The first feeding mechanism includes a first conveyor belt and at least one one-way check mechanism. The one-way check mechanism is fixedly installed on the inner sides of both sides of the first feeding mechanism. The one-way check mechanism includes a fixed frame located at the upper part and a one-way baffle located at the lower part. The second feeding mechanism includes a second conveyor belt, a vibration assembly, and a weed-blocking part. The vibration assembly is used to vibrate the second conveyor belt, and the weed-blocking part is located at the end of the second conveyor belt to block stem weeds. The main frame includes a mounting section located at the rear. The mounting section includes a mounting component and a mounting slot for mounting with the material conveying assembly. A power assembly is provided above the main frame. An accommodating cavity is formed inside the main frame to accommodate the second feeding mechanism. The material conveying assembly includes a hanging frame, a waste removal conveyor belt, a third conveyor belt, a lifting conveyor belt, and a fourth conveyor belt. The front end of the third conveyor belt is located below the end of the second conveyor belt. The lifting conveyor belt is installed inside the hanging frame and moves along the hanging frame. When the material moves to the upper part of the hanging frame via the lifting conveyor belt, it falls into the fourth conveyor belt. The waste removal conveyor belt is located behind the third conveyor belt. The mounting frame includes a docking component and a docking slot. The docking component is installed in conjunction with the mounting slot, and the docking slot is installed in conjunction with the mounting component to achieve the mounting connection between the main frame and the mounting frame. The material collection assembly, located below the fourth conveyor belt, includes a hopper and a retraction assembly that allows the hopper to expand or retract.

[0008] The excavation assembly includes a front-mounted seedling killing mechanism, which includes a blade assembly, a weed-removing auger, and a side discharge port. The blade assembly includes a blade rod and several blade units located on the blade rod. Each blade unit includes a central blade perpendicular to the blade rod and side blades located on both sides of the central blade. The side blades extend outward from the center, making the side blades arc-shaped or angled.

[0009] The excavator assembly is also equipped with a flat cutting disc mechanism, which includes fixed seats on both sides, a cutting disc body and a drive motor. The cutting disc body and the drive motor shaft are arranged perpendicular to each other. The distance between the fixed seats on both sides can be adjusted. The drive motor can rotate on the fixed seats, driving the cutting disc body to rotate.

[0010] The feeding assembly also includes a protective plate assembly, which includes a first protective plate and a second protective plate. The first protective plate is located on both sides of the first conveyor belt, and the second protective plate is located on both sides of the second conveyor belt.

[0011] A crushing boss is provided on one side of the fixed frame, and a one-way baffle is hinged to the lower part of the other side of the fixed frame via a hinge; an adjustment groove is provided on both sides of the one-way check mechanism, and a locking hole is provided on both sides of the first feeding mechanism. The locking hole can be installed in different positions with the adjustment groove, thereby changing the tilt angle of the one-way check mechanism.

[0012] The first feeding mechanism also includes a tensioning wheel, which meshes with the teeth of the first transmission belt to press the first transmission belt tight.

[0013] The vibration assembly includes a driving part, a driven part, a first link and a second link. The first link is located above the second transmission belt and is eccentrically connected to the driving part and the driven part. The second link is located below the second transmission belt and connects the driving part and the driven part.

[0014] The driving part includes a driving rod, a driving swing arm, and a driving device. The driven part includes a driven rod and a driven swing arm. The two ends of the first connecting rod are eccentrically connected to the driving rod and the driven rod. The second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the driving swing arm and the driven swing arm. The driving device drives the driving rod to move and the first connecting rod to rotate, causing the driving swing arm to swing the driven swing arm. The driving rod drives the driving swing arm to swing, causing the second connecting rod to vibrate the lower part of the second transmission belt.

[0015] The lifting conveyor belt is equipped with several partitions arranged at intervals. When the material is located on the side of the lifting conveyor belt, the partitions are used to support the material. The waste removal conveyor belt is equipped with several outwardly extending toothed sections, and the waste removal conveyor belt is inclined upward.

[0016] The hopper includes a first storage section and a second storage section. The closing assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder section connecting the first storage section and the second storage section and an opening and closing cover hinged to the side of the second storage section. The hydraulic cylinder section can cause the second storage section to swing.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Addressing the problems of fixed working modes and poor separation and screening effects between harvested crops and soil in existing tuber crop harvesters, the present invention optimizes the overall structure and layout of the harvester. The power assembly, traditionally located inside the main frame, is moved to the upper part of the main frame, freeing up space for the feeding assembly components, thus improving the separation time and effect of soil and weeds during feeding. Multiple separation components are incorporated into the feeding and conveying assemblies, further enhancing the separation effect of soil and weeds. The connection structure between the main frame and the conveying assembly is optimized, making installation and disassembly convenient and quick. The hopper can be expanded, retracted, and opened / closed, increasing storage space and enabling automatic discharge, eliminating the need for manual unloading of stored materials, thereby improving the harvester's working efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the excavator assembly and the first feeding mechanism. Figure 1 and enlarged view of the part; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the shovel section; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the one-way check mechanism and the first protective plate; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first transmission belt and the tensioning wheel; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second feeding mechanism. Figure 1 and enlarged view of the part; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second feeding mechanism. Figure 2 and enlarged view of the part; Figure 9 These are structural schematic diagrams and enlarged views of the main frame and mounting frame; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the material conveying assembly; Figure 11 This is a cross-section of the material conveying assembly. Figure 1 and enlarged view of the part; Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the aggregate assembly. Figure 1 ; Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the aggregate assembly. Figure 2 ; Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the aggregate assembly. Figure 3 ; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-planting stunting mechanism; Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of the excavator assembly and the first feeding mechanism. Figure 2 ; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a one-way check mechanism; Figure 19 This is a partially enlarged view of the cross-sectional view of the excavator assembly; Figure 20 This is a cross-section of the material conveying assembly. Figure 2 .

[0019] In the diagram: 1-Digging assembly, 11-Front-mounted seedling-killing mechanism, 111-Slinging blade assembly, 1111-Slinging blade rod, 1112-Center blade, 1113-Side blade, 112-Dross removal auger, 113-Side discharge port, 12-Shovel section, 121-Shovel adjusting rod, 122-Shovel swing arm, 13-Flat cutting disc mechanism, 131-Fixed base, 132-Cutting disc body, 133-Drive motor, 14-Chain-pulling mechanism, 141-Sprocket 142-Chain, 143-Gnawing teeth, 2-Feeding assembly, 21-First feeding mechanism, 211-First transmission belt, 212-One-way check mechanism, 2121-Fixed frame, 2121a-Crushing boss, 2122-One-way baffle, 2123-Adjusting groove, 2124-Locking hole, 213-Tensioning wheel, 22-Second feeding mechanism, 221-Second transmission belt, 222-Vibration assembly, 2221-Drive unit, 22 21a-Drive rod, 2221b-Drive swing arm, 2221c-Drive device, 2222-Driven part, 2222a-Driven rod, 2222b-Driven swing arm, 2223-First link, 2224-Second link, 223-Weed guard, 23-Protective plate assembly, 231-First protective plate, 232-Second protective plate, 3-Main frame, 31-Hanging part, 311-Hanging component, 312-Hanging slot, 4-Transportation 41-Suction assembly, 411-Hanging frame, 412-Diagram, 42-Discharge conveyor belt, 421-Spindle section, 43-Third conveyor belt, 44-Lifting conveyor belt, 441-Baffle, 45-Fourth conveyor belt, 46-Discharge fan, 5-Collection assembly, 51-Hopper, 511-First storage section, 512-Second storage section, 52-Collection assembly, 521-Hydraulic cylinder section, 522-Opening and closing cover, 6-Power assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below with reference to specific illustrations.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outer side", "upper", "inner side", "horizontal", "coaxial", "center", "end", "length", "outer end", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0022] Combined with appendix Figures 1 to 20 As shown, this embodiment discloses a tuber crop harvester, including a digging assembly 1, a feeding assembly 2, a main frame 3, a conveying assembly 4, and a collecting assembly 5, wherein: The excavation assembly 1, located in front of the feeding assembly 2, includes a pre-emergence sapling killing mechanism 11 for removing stems and weeds and a shovel section 12 for excavating clods of soil. The pre-emergence sapling killing mechanism 11 is located in front of the shovel section 12. The pre-emergence sapling killing mechanism 11 includes a sling-off assembly 111, a weed-removing auger 112, and a side discharge port 113. The sling-off assembly 111 includes a sling-off rod 1111 and several sling-off units located on the sling-off rod 1111. Each sling-off unit includes components connected to the sling-off rod 1111. The blade unit consists of a vertical central blade 1112 and side blades 1113 located on both sides of the central blade 1112. The side blades 1113 extend outward from the middle, making them arc-shaped or angled. The blade rod 1111 is driven to rotate by a motor installed on the side. The blade unit crushes the stems and leaves of the crop and throws them to the discharge auger 112. The discharge auger 112 concentrates and discharges the crushed stems and leaves to the side discharge port 113 on the side.

[0023] In conjunction with the above, in another preferred embodiment, the pre-planting killing mechanism 11 may employ at least one killing claw to replace the slinger assembly 111, the auger 112 and the side discharge port 113 in the above embodiments. The killing claw includes several horizontally arranged arc-shaped rods, the ends of which are fixedly installed on a crossbar. Swing arms are provided on both sides of the crossbar, and the killing claw is swung by the swing arms to crush the stems and leaves of the crop.

[0024] In conjunction with the above, the blade unit 12 includes a blade body, a blade adjusting rod 121, and a blade swing arm 122, and in conjunction with the attached... Figure 4 As shown, one end of the shovel adjusting rod 121 is hinged to the shovel body, and the motor and other drive devices are installed in conjunction with the shovel adjusting rod 121 to enable the shovel body to shovel soil; the other end of the shovel adjusting rod 121 is fixedly installed to the shovel swing arm 122. Before starting the harvester, the angle between the shovel adjusting rod 121 and the shovel swing arm 122 can be adjusted in advance, thereby changing the tilt angle of the shovel part 12 to adapt to various soil types.

[0025] In conjunction with the above, the excavation assembly 1 is also equipped with a flat cutting disc mechanism 13. The flat cutting disc mechanism 13 includes fixed seats 131 located on both sides, a cutting disc body 132 and a drive motor 133. The shafts of the cutting disc body 132 and the drive motor 133 are arranged perpendicular to each other. The distance between the fixed seats 131 on both sides can be adjusted according to the size of the ridge. The drive motor 133 is fixedly installed on the fixed seat 131. The drive motor 133 can swing and rotate on the fixed seat 131, driving the cutting disc body 132 to rotate and changing the tilt angle between the cutting disc bodies 132.

[0026] In conjunction with the above, the excavation assembly 1 also includes a chain-pulling mechanism 14, which is located on both sides of the upper part of the blade section 12. Each chain-pulling mechanism 14 includes a sprocket 141 located on the front and rear sides and a chain 142 arranged around the sprocket 141. Several digging teeth 143 are arranged between the chains 142 on both sides. The sprocket 141 drives the chain 142 to move, and the digging teeth 143 move together with the chain 142. When moving, the teeth actively dig the soil piled up in front into the soil, thereby improving efficiency.

[0027] In summary, when the harvester does not require the use of the flat cutting disc mechanism 13, the cutting disc body 132 is usually located on both sides of the shovel section 12. The cutting disc body 132 is set perpendicular to the ground to cut the stems and leaves of the crops on both sides, and also plays a certain guiding role, so that the harvester can travel along the field ridges and other tracks.

[0028] In combination with the above, the feeding assembly 2 includes a first feeding mechanism 21 located at the front of the main frame 3 and a second feeding mechanism 22 located inside the main frame 3. The end of the first feeding mechanism 21 is located above the front end of the second feeding mechanism 22, and the first feeding mechanism 21 is connected to the blade part 12.

[0029] In conjunction with the above, the first feeding mechanism 21 includes a first conveyor belt 211 and at least one one-way check mechanism 212. The one-way check mechanism 212 is fixedly installed on the inner sides of both sides of the first feeding mechanism 21. The one-way check mechanism 212 includes a fixed frame 2121 located at the upper part and a one-way baffle 2122 located at the lower part. A breaking boss 2121a is provided on one side of the fixed frame 2121. The one-way baffle 2122 is hinged to the lower part of the other side of the fixed frame 2121 through a hinge, so as to block and break large pieces of soil. Preferably, in In this embodiment, the crushing boss 2121a faces the entrance of the first feeding mechanism 21, and the one-way baffle 2122 is made of a flexible material such as rubber. Specifically, when the mixture of large pieces of soil and crops moves along the first conveyor belt 211 to the one-way check mechanism 212, it will continuously collide with the crushing boss 2121a until the soil is broken into small pieces that can pass through the one-way baffle 2122. The crops are separated from the mixture of large pieces of material and pass through the one-way baffle 2122 without being damaged in the process.

[0030] In conjunction with the above, the one-way check mechanism 212 is provided with adjustment grooves 2123 on both sides, and the first feeding mechanism 21 is provided with locking holes 2124 on both sides. Preferably, in this embodiment, the adjustment grooves 2123 are arc-shaped, and the locking holes 2124 can be fixedly installed with the adjustment grooves 2123 at different positions by fasteners such as bolts commonly used in the prior art, thereby changing the tilt angle of the one-way check mechanism 212.

[0031] In conjunction with the above installation structure, in this embodiment, lifting components are also provided between the two sides of the first feeding mechanism 21 and the main frame 3. The lifting components adopt structures commonly used in the prior art, such as hydraulic cylinders, which can adjust the height and tilt angle of the first feeding mechanism 21.

[0032] In conjunction with the above, the first feeding mechanism 21 also includes a tensioning wheel 213, which meshes with the first transmission belt 211 to press the first transmission belt 211. In this embodiment, there are two tensioning wheels 213, located on both sides of the front end of the first transmission belt 211. Both the tensioning wheel 213 and the first transmission belt 211 are provided with meshing teeth and grooves to achieve mutual meshing connection.

[0033] In conjunction with the above, the second feeding mechanism 22 includes a second conveyor belt 221, a vibration component 222, and a weed-blocking part 223. The vibration component 222 is used to vibrate the second conveyor belt 221. The weed-blocking part 223 is located at the end of the second conveyor belt 221 and is used to block stems and weeds. The weed-blocking part 223 includes a plurality of weed-blocking claws. In this embodiment, the number of weed-blocking claws is 4, which are evenly spaced along the second conveyor belt 221. Longer stems and weeds will be blocked by the weed-blocking claws, and crops enter the feeding assembly 4 through the gaps between the weed-blocking claws.

[0034] In combination with the above, the vibration assembly 222 includes a driving part 2221, a driven part 2222, a first connecting rod 2223 and a second connecting rod 2224. The first connecting rod 2223 is located above the second transmission belt 221 and is eccentrically connected to the driving part 2221 and the driven part 2222. The second connecting rod 2224 is located below the second transmission belt 221 and connects the driving part 2221 and the driven part 2222.

[0035] Based on the above installation structure, the drive unit 2221 includes a drive rod 2221a, a drive swing arm 2221b, and a drive device 2221c. The drive device 2221c employs a motor or other commonly used drive device in the prior art. In this embodiment, the drive device 2221c and the drive rod 2221a are connected via a sprocket. In other embodiments, direct drive or a structure such as a pulley can also be used to achieve the transmission connection. The driven unit 2222 includes a driven rod 2222a and a driven swing arm 2222b. The first connecting rod... The two ends of rod 2223 are eccentrically connected to drive rod 2221a and driven rod 2222a. The second connecting rod 2224 is fixedly connected to drive swing arm 2221b and driven swing arm 2222b. Drive device 2221c drives drive rod 2221a to move and first connecting rod 2223 to rotate, causing drive swing arm 2221b to drive driven swing arm 2222b to swing. Drive rod 2221a drives drive swing arm 2221a to swing, causing second connecting rod 2224 to vibrate the lower part of second transmission belt 221, thereby realizing the vibration of second transmission belt 221.

[0036] In conjunction with the above, the feeding assembly 2 also includes a protective plate assembly 23, which includes a first protective plate 231 and a second protective plate 232. The first protective plate 231 is located on both sides of the first conveyor belt 211, and the second protective plate 232 is located on both sides of the second conveyor belt 221. This is to prevent materials from falling off the first conveyor belt 211 or the second conveyor belt 221 during transmission, and also to guide the materials.

[0037] In conjunction with the above, the main frame 3 includes a mounting section 31 located at the rear. The mounting section 31 includes a mounting piece 311 and a mounting groove 312 for installation in conjunction with the material conveying assembly 4. A power assembly 6 is provided on the top of the main frame 3. The power assembly 6 adopts the structure of a harvester engine in the prior art to provide power to the harvester. The interior of the main frame 3 forms a receiving cavity to accommodate the second feeding mechanism 22, which extends the overall length of the feeding assembly 2 and facilitates the connection between the first feeding mechanism 21 and the second feeding mechanism 22.

[0038] In combination with the above, the material conveying assembly 4 includes a mounting frame 41, a waste removal conveyor belt 42, a third conveyor belt 43, a lifting conveyor belt 44, and a fourth conveyor belt 45. The front end of the third conveyor belt 43 is located below the end of the second conveyor belt 221. The lifting conveyor belt 44 is installed inside the mounting frame 41 and moves along the mounting frame 41. When the material moves to the upper part of the mounting frame 41 through the lifting conveyor belt 44, it falls into the fourth conveyor belt 45. The waste removal conveyor belt 42 is located behind the third conveyor belt 43.

[0039] In conjunction with the above installation structure, the mounting frame 41 includes a connecting member 411 and a connecting groove 412. The connecting member 411 is installed in conjunction with the mounting groove 312, and the connecting groove 412 is installed in conjunction with the mounting member 311, thereby realizing the mounting fit between the main frame 3 and the mounting frame 41. Preferably, in this embodiment, the mounting member 311 and the connecting groove 412 are longitudinally embedded and connected, and the connecting member 411 and the mounting groove 312 are horizontally embedded and connected, thereby forming a bidirectional locking and enhancing the connection strength between the main frame 3 and the material conveying assembly 4. In other embodiments, the connection positions and directions between the mounting member 311 and the connecting groove 412 and between the connecting member 411 and the mounting groove 312 can be interchanged, or other mounting fit structures commonly used in the prior art can be adopted.

[0040] In conjunction with the above, the waste removal conveyor belt 42 is provided with several outwardly extending toothed rods 421. The waste removal conveyor belt 42 is inclined upward. After the material leaves the end of the third conveyor belt 43, it first falls into the waste removal conveyor belt 42. Among them, weeds, vines and plastic film, which are easy to be hooked and are relatively light, will be carried upward by the toothed rods 421 to achieve waste removal. The crops continue to fall downward into the lifting conveyor belt 44.

[0041] In conjunction with the above, preferably, in one embodiment, a debris removal fan 46 is further provided between the third conveyor belt 43 and the fourth conveyor belt 45 to assist the debris removal conveyor belt 42 in removing debris.

[0042] In conjunction with the above, several partitions 441 are arranged at intervals on the lifting conveyor belt 44. When the material is located at the bottom of the lifting conveyor belt 44, the lifting conveyor belt 44 supports the material, and the adjacent partitions 441 form a storage space for placing the material. When the material is located on the side of the lifting conveyor belt 44, the partitions 441 support the material and carry the material upward with the lifting conveyor belt 44.

[0043] In conjunction with the above, the material collection assembly 5, located below the fourth conveyor belt 45, includes a hopper 51 and a retraction assembly 52, which causes the hopper 51 to expand or retract.

[0044] In summary, the hopper 51 includes a first storage section 511 and a second storage section 512. The closing assembly 52 includes a hydraulic cylinder section 521 connecting the first storage section 511 and the second storage section 512, and an opening / closing cover 522 hinged to the side of the second storage section 512. The hydraulic cylinder section 521 allows the second storage section 512 to swing. In this embodiment, the first storage section 511 and the second storage section 512 are interconnected. Hydraulic cylinders are also provided on both sides of the opening / closing cover 522 and the second storage section 521. The opening and closing of the opening / closing cover 522 can be achieved through the hydraulic cylinders. Preferably, the opening / closing cover 522 is hinged to the upper part of the opening of the second storage section 521, meaning the lower part of the opening / closing cover 522 swings, facilitating material discharge. In other embodiments, the hydraulic cylinder section 521 may also adopt other structures commonly found in the prior art.

[0045] This invention addresses the problems of fixed working modes and poor separation and screening effects between harvested crops and soil in existing tuber crop harvesters. It optimizes the overall structure and layout of the harvester by moving the powertrain, typically located inside the main frame, to the upper part of the frame. The original space is used for the feeding assembly, improving the separation time and effectiveness of soil and weeds during feeding. Multiple separation components are incorporated into the feeding and conveying assemblies to further enhance soil and weed separation. The connection structure between the main frame and the conveying assembly is optimized, making installation and disassembly convenient and quick. The hopper can be expanded, retracted, and opened / closed, increasing storage space and enabling automatic discharge without manual unloading, thus improving the harvester's working efficiency.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, or alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical principles of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A harvester for tuber crops, comprising a digging assembly (1), a feeding assembly (2), a main frame (3), a conveying assembly (4), and a collecting assembly (5), characterized in that: The excavation assembly (1) is located in front of the feeding assembly (2); The feeding assembly (2) includes a first feeding mechanism (21) located at the front of the main frame (3) and a second feeding mechanism (22) located inside the main frame (3), wherein the end of the first feeding mechanism (21) is located above the front end of the second feeding mechanism (22); The first feeding mechanism (21) includes a first conveyor belt (211) and at least one one-way check mechanism (212). The one-way check mechanism (212) is fixedly installed on the inner sides of both sides of the first feeding mechanism (21). The one-way check mechanism (212) includes a fixed frame (2121) located at the upper part and a one-way baffle (2122) located at the lower part. The second feeding mechanism (22) includes a second conveyor belt (221), a vibration assembly (222) and a weed-blocking part (223). The vibration assembly (222) is used to vibrate the second conveyor belt (221), and the weed-blocking part (223) is located at the end of the second conveyor belt (221) to block stem weeds. The main frame (3) includes a mounting part (31) located at the rear. The mounting part (31) includes a mounting component (311) and a mounting groove (312) for installation in conjunction with the material conveying assembly (4). A power assembly (6) is provided above the main frame (3). A receiving cavity is formed inside the main frame (3) to accommodate the second feeding mechanism (22). The material conveying assembly (4) includes a mounting frame (41), a waste removal conveyor belt (42), a third conveyor belt (43), a lifting conveyor belt (44), and a fourth conveyor belt (45). The front end of the third conveyor belt (43) is located below the end of the second conveyor belt (221). The lifting conveyor belt (44) is installed inside the mounting frame (41). The lifting conveyor belt (44) moves along the mounting frame (41). When the material moves to the upper part of the mounting frame (41) through the lifting conveyor belt (44), it falls into the fourth conveyor belt (45). The waste removal conveyor belt (42) is located behind the third conveyor belt (43). The mounting frame (41) includes a docking part (411) and a docking groove (412). The docking part (411) is installed in conjunction with the mounting groove (312), and the docking groove (412) is installed in conjunction with the mounting part (311) to realize the mounting cooperation between the main frame (3) and the mounting frame (41). The material collection assembly (5), located below the fourth conveyor belt (45), includes a hopper (51) and a retraction assembly (52), which causes the hopper (51) to expand or retract.

2. The tuber crop harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digging assembly (1) includes a front-mounted seedling killing mechanism (11), which includes a sling-throwing assembly (111), a weed-removing auger (112), and a side discharge port (113). The sling-throwing assembly (111) includes a sling-throwing rod (1111) and a plurality of sling-throwing units located on the sling-throwing rod (1111). Each sling-throwing unit includes a central blade (1112) perpendicular to the sling-throwing rod (1111) and side blades (1113) located on both sides of the central blade (1112). The side blades (1113) extend outward from the middle, making the side blades (1113) arc-shaped or angled.

3. A harvester for tuber crops according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The excavation assembly (1) is also equipped with a flat cutting disc mechanism (13). The flat cutting disc mechanism (13) includes a fixed seat (131) on both sides, a cutting disc body (132) and a drive motor (133). The cutting disc body (132) and the drive motor (133) are arranged perpendicularly to each other. The distance between the fixed seats (131) on both sides can be adjusted. The drive motor (133) can rotate on the fixed seat (131) to drive the cutting disc body (132) to rotate.

4. A harvester for tuberous crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (2) further includes a protective plate assembly (23), which includes a first protective plate (231) and a second protective plate (232). The first protective plate (231) is located on both sides of the first conveyor belt (211), and the second protective plate (232) is located on both sides of the second conveyor belt (221).

5. A harvester for tuber crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed frame (2121) is provided with a crushing boss (2121a) on one side, and the one-way baffle (2122) is hinged to the lower part of the other side of the fixed frame (2121) via a hinge; the one-way check mechanism (212) is provided with adjustment grooves (2123) on both sides, and the first feeding mechanism (21) is provided with locking holes (2124) on both sides. The locking holes (2124) can be installed in different positions with the adjustment grooves (2123) to change the tilt angle of the one-way check mechanism (212).

6. A harvester for tuber crops according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first feeding mechanism (21) also includes a tensioning wheel (213), which meshes with the first transmission belt (211) to press the first transmission belt (211).

7. A harvester for tuber crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration assembly (222) includes a driving part (2221), a driven part (2222), a first connecting rod (2223), and a second connecting rod (2224). The first connecting rod (2223) is located above the second transmission belt (221) and is eccentrically connected to the driving part (2221) and the driven part (2222). The second connecting rod (2224) is located below the second transmission belt (221) and connects the driving part (2221) and the driven part (2222).

8. A harvester for tuber crops according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving part (2221) includes a driving rod (2221a), a driving swing arm (2221b), and a driving device (2221c). The driven part (2222) includes a driven rod (2222a) and a driven swing arm (2222b). The two ends of the first connecting rod (2223) are eccentrically connected to the driving rod (2221a) and the driven rod (2222a). The second connecting rod (2224) is fixedly connected to the driving swing arm (2221b) and the driven swing arm (2222b). The driving device (2221c) drives the driving rod (2221a) to move and the first connecting rod (2223) to rotate, so that the driving swing arm (2221b) drives the driven swing arm (2222b) to swing. The driving rod (2221a) drives the driving swing arm (2221a) to swing, so that the second connecting rod (2224) vibrates the lower part of the second transmission belt (221).

9. A harvester for tuber crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting conveyor belt (44) is provided with several partitions (441) arranged at intervals. When the material is located on the side of the lifting conveyor belt (44), the partitions (441) are used to support the material. The waste removal conveyor belt (42) is provided with several outwardly extending toothed rods (421), and the waste removal conveyor belt (42) is inclined upward.

10. A harvester for tuber crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hopper (51) includes a first storage section (511) and a second storage section (512). The closing assembly (52) includes a cylinder section (521) connecting the first storage section (511) and the second storage section (512) and an opening and closing cover (522) hinged to the side of the second storage section (512). The cylinder section (521) can make the second storage section (512) swing.

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