Nut kernel and shell crushing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crushing equipment, and discloses a nut kernel and shell crushing device which solves the problems that during crushing of a nut kernel and shell mixture, the shell content is high, and the oil pressing quality is affected. The kernels are directionally crushed, fiber shell structures are not crushed, fiber shells are kept in original shapes and sizes, the fiber shells are conveniently and smoothly screened by a grinding screen, and the shell content of the kernels crushed by the second crushing mechanism is further reduced; the contact pins are arranged on the surfaces of the grinding rollers, so that when the grinding rollers roll on a kernel and shell mixture, on one hand, the contact pins are easier to break the surface structures of the kernels; and on the other hand, the crushing device can be inserted into fibers, when the rolling roller rolls on the upper surface of the rolling screen, the inserting needles can take up the shells and move to the range where the shell unloading assembly is located, the shells are withdrawn by the shell unloading assembly, and the situation that the fiber shells are accumulated on the upper side of the rolling screen all the time is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of crushing equipment, in particular to a kernel and shell crushing device for nuts. BACKGROUND

[0002] Nuts include Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge, hazelnut, etc., which are rich in oil and can be used for extracting edible oil. Before oil extraction, the nuts need to be sequentially cracked and screened, and crushed. The kernel of the nut is tightly attached to the shell, and the kernel is brittle, the shell is thick and hard, so it is not easy to peel. The density of the kernel and the shell is almost the same, so the separation effect is general, and a certain proportion of the shell (the shell is wood fiber, also known as fiber shell) is mixed in the screened kernel. The existing device has a shell and kernel peeling rate of about 86%. Before the kernel is crushed, the kernel is crushed by a pulverizer. Based on the fact that the kernel contains part of the fiber shell, the fiber shell is crushed together during crushing, or the kernel is screened multiple times by a more precise screening device. When the fiber shell is crushed together, the mixing of the fiber shell may affect the color and taste of the oil, and is not conducive to the recovery of the residue. At the same time, the existence of the fiber shell will reduce the oil extraction efficiency, because the fiber shell is not easy to be pressed to extract oil, the existence of the fiber shell will occupy space and reduce the contact area of the fruit flesh, thereby reducing the oil yield. When the kernel is screened multiple times by a more precise screening device, the input cost and operation process are increased. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a kernel and shell crushing device for nuts, which solves the problem of high shell content in the crushing of nut kernel and shell mixture, which affects the oil extraction quality.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a kernel and shell crushing device for nuts, comprising a machine table, further comprising a second crushing mechanism and a first crushing mechanism assembled on the machine table, the first crushing mechanism preliminarily crushes the kernel while removing the fiber shell, and the second crushing mechanism further crushes the preliminarily crushed kernel. The first crushing mechanism comprises an assembly cover, the bottom side of the assembly cover is provided with a rolling screen for screening small particle kernels, the upper side of the rolling screen is assembled with a rolling assembly for crushing kernels only, the rolling assembly comprises a plurality of fixed discs arranged side by side, the fixed discs are fixed in series by assembly rollers, the outer side of the fixed discs is elastically assembled with a rolling roller by a plurality of springs arranged in a circumferential direction, the pressure of the rolling roller on the upper surface of the rolling screen on the kernel and shell mixture is less than the pressure for crushing the fiber shell and greater than the pressure for crushing the kernel, the rolling roller only crushes the kernel in the kernel and shell mixture by swinging on the upper side of the rolling screen, and the crushed kernel with a smaller diameter is screened through the rolling screen, while the uncrushed fiber shell is retained on the rolling screen.

[0005] As a further description of the above technical solution: the assembly cover includes a transversely arranged outer cylinder, both sides of the outer cylinder are fixed with side covers, a swing roller coaxial with the outer cylinder is rotationally supported between the two side covers through a support frame, the rolling screen is assembled on the lower side of the outer cylinder, the fixed disc is rotationally connected with the assembly roller through a hanging frame and is assembled below the swing roller, one end of the swing roller is connected with a swing disc, one side of the swing disc is provided with a motor B for driving it to swing, an eccentric connection of an output end of the motor B is provided with a driving rod, one end of the driving rod is eccentrically rotationally connected with the side surface of the swing disc.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: the lower surface of the rolling roller and the upper surface of the rolling screen are provided with a spacing, the diameter length of the screen hole of the rolling screen is greater than the length of the spacing and is less than the radius length of the fiber shell, and the length of the spacing is less than one third of the diameter length of the fruit kernel.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: the arc surface of the rolling roller for rolling is circumferentially fixedly assembled with a plurality of insertion pins, the insertion pins are inserted into the fiber shell, and one side of the rolling roller is provided with a shell unloading assembly for unloading the fiber shell on the surface of the insertion pin.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the shell unloading assembly includes a shell unloading component for unloading the fiber shell on the surface of the insertion pin and a receiving component for receiving the fiber shell unloaded by the shell unloading component.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the shell unloading component includes a ventilation cover, an air jet pipe suspended on one side of the rolling roller and a needle stopper are fixedly assembled on the lower surface of the ventilation cover, the air outlet of the air jet pipe is aligned with the surface of the rolling roller, and a gas pump is connected with the ventilation cover through a gas conveying pipe.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the receiving component includes a collection cover arranged below the needle stopper, a rubber pad is arranged on one side of the rolling roller close to the collection cover, and the upper side of the rubber pad is suspended on one side of the rolling roller through a plurality of pull ropes.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the side cover is provided with a shell outlet corresponding to the movement path of one end of the collection cover, a shell guide plate for guiding the discharge is arranged on the lower side of the shell outlet, a discharge hole movably communicating with the shell outlet is arranged on one end of the collection cover close to the shell outlet, and the jet angle of the air jet pipe is inclined to the direction of the discharge hole.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the upper side of the outer cylinder is provided with a feeding assembly for quantitative feeding, the feeding assembly includes a feeding box, a conveying roller is rotationally assembled at the communication position between the feeding box and the outer cylinder, a plurality of feeding grooves are arranged on the surface of the conveying roller in a circumferential direction, and one end of the shaft of the conveying roller is connected with a motor A for driving the rotation of the conveying roller.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the lower side of the outer cylinder and below the rolling screen is provided with a lower hopper connected with the second crushing mechanism, the second crushing mechanism comprises a crushing box, a crushing blade rotating in the crushing box, and a discharge port at the lower side of the crushing box, and the lower hopper is communicated with the crushing box.

[0014] As described above, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present application are: by utilizing the different ultimate bearing pressures of the kernel and the fiber shell, the mixture is subjected to the rolling of the elastic rolling roller at an appropriate pressure, the kernel is crushed in a directional manner, the fiber shell structure is not broken, the fiber shell maintains the original shape and size, which facilitates the smooth screening of the rolling screen, and further reduces the shell content in the kernel crushed by the second crushing mechanism; at the same time, the rolling roller surface is provided with a pin, when the rolling roller rolls on the mixture of kernel and shell, the pin can break the surface structure of the kernel more easily, promote the crushing of the kernel, and on the other hand, the pin can be inserted into the fiber, when the rolling roller rolls on the upper surface of the rolling screen, the pin can lift the shell, move to the range where the shell unloading assembly is located, be unloaded by the shell unloading assembly, and be collected on the inner side, so as to avoid the accumulation of the fiber shell on the upper side of the rolling screen, which affects the subsequent screening; wherein, by the design of the pin and the high-speed air blown out, the pin, the blocking effect of the rubber pad and the blowing effect of the air jet pipe can all promote the automatic falling of the kernel from the surface of the pin, avoid the kernel moving to the upper side of the rubber pad and falling into the collection cover to cause the waste of the kernel, at the same time, the inclined setting of the air jet angle of the air jet pipe can make part of the air blown into the collection cover automatically move the fiber shell remaining on the inner side of the collection cover to the direction of the discharge hole, and finally automatically discharge from the shell discharge port. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application; Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the present application; Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the right view structure of the first crushing mechanism of the present application; Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the left view structure of the first crushing mechanism of the present application; Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the first crushing mechanism of the present application; Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the assembly cover and the feeding assembly of the present application; Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the rolling assembly and the surrounding structure of the present application; Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the rolling assembly, the rolling screen and the shell unloading assembly of the present application; Figure 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the rolling assembly, the rolling screen and the shell unloading assembly of the present application; Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the rolling assembly, the rolling screen and the shell unloading assembly of the present application; Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the rolling assembly structure of the present application; Figure 11 The schematic diagram of the rolling assembly structure of the present application; Figure 10 The enlarged schematic diagram of B in the present application; Figure 12 The schematic diagram of the rolling assembly structure of the present application; Figure 13 The schematic diagram of the shell-unloading assembly structure of the present application; Figure 14 The schematic diagram of the shell-unloading assembly structure of the present application; Figure 15 The schematic diagram of the shell-unloading assembly structure of the present application;

[0016] In the figure: 10, machine table; 20, second crushing mechanism; 21, crushing box; 22, crushing blade; 23, discharge port; 30, first crushing mechanism; 31, assembly cover; 311, outer cylinder; 312, side cover; 313, support frame; 314, lower hopper; 315, shell-unloading port; 316, shell-guiding plate; 32, feeding assembly; 321, feeding box; 322, motor A; 323, feeding roller; 324, feeding slot; 33, swing roller; 331, swing plate; 332, hanging frame; 34, motor B; 341, driving rod; 35, rolling assembly; 351, assembly roller; 352, pin; 353, rolling roller; 354, fixed plate; 355, spring; 356, cover plate; 36, rolling screen; 37, shell-unloading assembly; 371, air cover; 372, air injection pipe; 373, needle stopper; 374, collection cover; 375, rubber pad; 376, pull rope; 38, air pump; 381, air conveying pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0018] The present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings in order to further understand the present application.

[0019] The background art mentioned that for the nut kernel, shell mixture after the shell breaking and screening, the fiber shell accounts for a small percentage, about within 15%, and the fiber shell mixed in the kernel is generally similar in diameter to the kernel, and the fiber shell larger or smaller than the kernel has been screened out in the preliminary shell breaking and screening process, so this embodiment is to further screen and crush the kernel, shell mixture with similar diameters; in addition, the kernel, shell mixture after screening generally undergoes a drying process before oil refining, therefore, the kernel after drying is easily crushed into small particles when being rolled, and the fiber shell of the nut is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which endows the shell with high hardness and toughness, making the shell not easy to be crushed; the existing crushing pressure of the nut fiber shell is about 100N-400N, and the crushing pressure of the dried kernel is much smaller than this pressure value; In combination Figures 1-15 A kernel, shell crushing device of nuts, comprising a machine table 10, and a second crushing mechanism 20 and a first crushing mechanism 30 assembled on the machine table 10, the first crushing mechanism 30 preliminarily crushes the kernel while removing the fiber shell, and the second crushing mechanism 20 further crushes the preliminarily crushed kernel; The first crushing mechanism 30 comprises an assembled cover 31, the bottom side of the assembled cover 31 is provided with a rolling screen 36 for screening small particle kernels, the rolling screen 36 is assembled with a swinging rolling assembly 35 for crushing only the kernel on the upper side, the rolling assembly 35 comprises a plurality of fixed discs 354 arranged side by side, the width of the fixed disc 354 is adapted to the width of a single kernel, so as to avoid the fixed disc 354 simultaneously extruding a plurality of kernel, shell mixtures in the circumferential direction, the fixed disc 354 is fixed in series through an assembled roller 351, the outer side of the fixed disc 354 is elastically assembled with a rolling roller 353 through a plurality of springs 355 arranged in the circumferential direction, one side of the rolling roller 353 is covered with the fixed disc 354 and the spring 355 through a cover plate 356 on the inner side, the pressure of the rolling roller 353 on the upper surface of the kernel, shell mixture on the rolling screen 36 is smaller than the pressure of crushing the fiber shell and larger than the pressure of crushing the kernel, the rolling roller 353 swings on the upper side of the rolling screen 36 only crushes the kernel in the kernel, shell mixture, and the kernel crushed to a smaller diameter is screened through the rolling screen 36, and the uncrushed fiber shell is screened on the rolling screen 36.

[0020] Based on the above distinguishing features of nut kernels and fiber shells, and during oil refining, the kernels need to be crushed in the first place. The present embodiment uses the different ultimate bearing pressures of kernels and fiber shells, and the mixture is crushed by the elastic crushing roller 353 at an appropriate pressure. When the crushing roller 353 crushes the kernels, it will crush them, making the particle diameter smaller. When the crushing roller 353 crushes the fiber shells, the crushing pressure is not enough to crush the fiber shells, but rolls over the surface of the fiber shells, and the fiber shells remain the same size. The crushed kernels and fiber shells are of different sizes, so they can be smoothly screened by the crushing screen 36. The kernels after screening fall into the second crushing mechanism 20 and are fully broken; Since the width of the fixed disc 354 is adapted to the width of a single kernel, when it is pressed and lifted directly below, it is only subjected to the pressure of a single kernel or fiber shell, which ensures its accuracy in directional breaking of kernels.

[0021] In the previous embodiment: the assembly cover 31 includes a horizontally arranged outer cylinder 311, two side covers 312 are fixed on both sides of the outer cylinder 311, and a swing roller 33 coaxial with the outer cylinder 311 is rotatably supported between the two side covers 312 by a support frame 313. The crushing screen 36 is assembled on the lower side of the outer cylinder 311. The fixed disc 354 is rotatably connected to the assembly roller 351 by a hanging frame 332 and is assembled below the swing roller 33. One end of the swing roller 33 is connected to a swing disc 331. The swing disc 331 is provided with a motor B34 on one side to drive it to swing. The output end of the motor B34 is eccentrically connected to a drive rod 341. One end of the drive rod 341 is eccentrically rotatably connected to the side surface of the swing disc 331.

[0022] Further, the motor B34 eccentrically drives the drive rod 341 to push the swing disc 331 to swing along the shaft, causing the swing roller 33 to reciprocate. The crushing assembly 35 is assembled below the swing roller 33 by the hanging frame 332. When the swing roller 33 reciprocates, the crushing assembly 35 reciprocates on the upper surface of the crushing screen 36, thereby fully crushing the kernel-shell mixture on the upper surface of the crushing screen 36.

[0023] In the previous embodiment: a gap is provided between the lower surface of the crushing roller 353 and the upper surface of the crushing screen 36. The diameter of the screen hole of the crushing screen 36 is greater than the length of the gap and less than the radius of the fiber shell. The length of the gap is less than one-third of the diameter of the kernel. Further, in the process of crushing the kernels, the smaller the particle diameter of the crushed kernels, the greater the mud-like characteristics they exhibit. The mud-like structure has adhesion and is not easy to pass through the screen hole of the crushing screen 36. Through the design of the above gap, the kernels are crushed while avoiding being crushed into small particles, thereby reducing their mudiness. The broken kernels that have not been mudified are more easily passed through the crushing screen 36 to complete the screening.

[0024] In the previous embodiment: the rolling roller 353 for rolling is fixedly equipped with a plurality of pins 352 on the cambered surface in the circumferential direction, the pins 352 are inserted into the fiber shell, and the shell removing assembly 37 for removing the surface fiber shell of the pins 352 is arranged on one side of the rolling roller 353. The shell removing assembly 37 is fixedly arranged on the hanging frame 332 through a support, follows the swing, and is suspended on one side of the rolling roller 353. The shell removing assembly 37 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rolling roller 353 and is provided with two shell removing assemblies 37.

[0025] Further, the structure of the fiber shell is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, has a reticular structure, and has a thickness of 0.5-2 mm. When the rolling roller 353 rolls on the kernel-shell mixture, the pins 352 can more easily break the surface structure of the kernel and promote the crushing of the kernel on one hand, and can be inserted into the fiber on the other hand. When the rolling roller 353 rolls on the upper surface of the rolling screen 36, the pins 352 can lift the shell to the range where the shell removing assembly 37 is located, remove the shell by the shell removing assembly 37, and collect the shell on the inner side, so as to reduce the content of the fiber shell on the rolling screen 36 and avoid the accumulation of the fiber shell on the upper side of the rolling screen 36, which affects the subsequent screening. The length of the pin 352 is adapted to the thickness of the fiber shell, and barbs can be designed on the surface of the pin 352 to prevent the fiber shell inserted on the surface of the pin 352 from falling off. It should be noted that the dry nut kernel has low plasticity due to low water content, and the plastic material is crushed and broken under pressure. Therefore, when the kernel is pressed and inserted by the pin 352, it is generally directly crushed and broken, and it is not easy to be stably left on the surface of the pin 352.

[0026] In the previous embodiment: the shell removing assembly 37 includes a shell removing part for removing the fiber shell on the surface of the pin 352 and a receiving part for receiving the fiber shell removed by the shell removing part. The shell removing part includes a ventilation cover 371, the ventilation cover 371 is fixedly arranged with a jet pipe 372 and a pin blocking part 373 suspended on one side of the rolling roller 353 on the lower surface, the air outlet of the jet pipe 372 is aligned with the surface of the rolling roller 353, one end of the ventilation cover 371 is connected with a gas pump 38 through a gas conveying pipe 381, the suspended position of the jet pipe 372 is close to the surface of the rolling roller 353 and is arranged in a staggered manner with the pin 352, the jet pipe 372 is supplied with high-speed air by the gas pump 38 and blows the high-speed air to the side surface of the rolling roller 353.

[0027] The receiving part includes a collecting cover 374 arranged below the pin blocking part 373, the collecting cover 374 is provided with a rubber pad 375 close to one side of the rolling roller 353, and the rubber pad 375 is suspended on one side of the rolling roller 353 through a plurality of pull ropes 376 on the upper side.

[0028] When the fiber shell inserted by the pin 352 is moved to the position of the needle stopper 373, the fiber shell is prevented from being removed by the needle stopper 373, wherein when the fiber shell inserted by the pin 352 passes the position of the rubber pad 375, the rubber pad 375 is automatically pushed to be concave inward, and when the fiber shell is completely moved above the rubber pad 375, the high-speed air blown by the air jet pipe 372 can automatically restore the rubber pad 375; Further, after the fiber shell inserted by the pin 352 is removed by the needle stopper 373, the fiber shell is automatically collected in the collecting cover 374, and the high-speed air blown by the air jet pipe 372 can remove the inserted kernel on the pin 352 in advance, the friction between the kernel and the pin 352 is small when they are connected, and the blocking effect of the rubber pad 375 and the blowing effect of the air jet pipe 372 can promote the kernel to automatically fall off from the surface of the pin 352, so as to avoid the kernel from moving to the upper side of the rubber pad 375 and falling into the collecting cover 374 to cause the kernel waste. The pull rope 376 is used to pull the upper edge of the rubber pad 375 to avoid the middle part from contacting the surface of the rolling roller 353 and contacting the pin 352.

[0029] In the previous embodiment: the side cover 312 is provided with a shell outlet 315 corresponding to the movement path of one end of the collecting cover 374, the lower side of the shell outlet 315 is provided with a shell guide plate 316 for guiding the discharge, the collecting cover 374 is provided with a discharge hole which is movably connected to the shell outlet 315 at one end close to the shell outlet 315, and the air jet angle of the air jet pipe 372 is inclined to the direction of the discharge hole.

[0030] Further, the air jet angle of the air jet pipe 372 is inclined to make part of the air blown into the collecting cover 374 to automatically move the fiber shell remaining in the inside of the collecting cover 374 to the direction of the discharge hole, and finally automatically discharged from the shell outlet 315.

[0031] In the previous embodiment: the upper side of the outer cylinder 311 is provided with a feeding assembly 32 for quantitative feeding, the feeding assembly 32 includes a feeding box 321, the feeding box 321 is movably connected to the communicating position of the outer cylinder 311 and is provided with a feeding roller 323, a plurality of feeding grooves 324 are circumferentially arranged on the surface of the feeding roller 323, and one end of the feeding roller 323 is connected with a motor A 322 for driving the feeding roller 323 to rotate.

[0032] Further, for the mixed kernel and shell raw materials, the raw materials are first fed into the feeding box 321, and then the feeding roller 323 is driven by the motor A 322 to rotate at a slow speed or intermittently, so as to realize the quantitative feeding into the outer cylinder 311 at a constant speed, so that the total amount of the mixed raw materials in the outer cylinder 311 is kept in a proper range, and the capacity of the crushing assembly 35 for crushing the kernel is not reduced due to the excessive amount of the mixed raw materials in the outer cylinder 311.

[0033] In the last embodiment: the lower side of the outer cylinder 311, below the rolling screen 36 is provided with a lower hopper 314 connected with the second crushing mechanism 20, the second crushing mechanism 20 includes a crushing box 21, a crushing blade 22 rotating in the crushing box 21, and a discharge port 23 at the lower side of the crushing box 21, the lower hopper 314 is communicated with the crushing box 21.

[0034] Further, the small particle kernel nuts screened by the rolling screen 36 are guided into the crushing box 21 through the lower hopper 314, and the small particle kernel nuts are further crushed by the high-speed rotating crushing blade 22 to reach the standard of oil refining.

[0035] Working principle: the mixed kernel and shell raw materials are put into the feeding box 321, the feeding roller 323 is driven by the motor A 322 to rotate slowly or intermittently, and the mixed kernel and shell raw materials are fed into the outer cylinder 311 at a constant speed and quantity, so that the total amount of the mixed kernel and shell raw materials in the outer cylinder 311 is maintained within a suitable range. Then the motor B 34 is started to drive the swing roller 33 to reciprocate along the shaft, and further through the hanging frame 332 and the assembly roller 351, the plurality of rolling assemblies 35 are swung above the rolling screen 36, wherein when the rolling roller 353 rolls on the kernel, it will be crushed to reduce the particle diameter, and when the rolling roller 353 rolls on the fiber shell, the rolling pressure is not enough to crush the fiber shell, but rolls on the surface of the fiber shell, and the fiber shell remains the original shape and size. The crushed kernel and fiber shell are of different sizes and are smoothly screened by the rolling screen 36, and the screened kernel falls into the second crushing mechanism 20 and is fully broken; Wherein, the surface of the rolling roller 353 is provided with a pin 352, when the rolling roller 353 rolls on the mixed kernel and shell, the pin 352 can break the surface structure of the kernel more easily, promote its crushing, and on the other hand, the pin 352 can be inserted into the fiber, when the rolling roller 353 rolls on the upper surface of the rolling screen 36, the pin 352 can lift the shell to the range where the shell removing assembly 37 is located, and the shell removing assembly 37 is removed and collected on the inner side, to avoid the fiber shell accumulating on the upper side of the rolling screen 36, affecting the subsequent screening; Wherein, the fiber shell inserted by the pin 352 is removed by the needle stopper 373 and automatically falls into the collection cover 374, the high-speed air blown by the air jet pipe 372 can remove the kernel inserted on the pin 352 in advance, the blocking effect of the rubber pad 375 and the blowing effect of the air jet pipe 372 will promote the kernel to automatically fall off from the surface of the pin 352, avoid the kernel moving to the upper side of the rubber pad 375 and falling into the collection cover 374 to cause the kernel waste, at the same time, the inclination of the air jet angle of the air jet pipe 372 can make part of the air blown into the collection cover 374 automatically move the fiber shell remaining on the inner side of the collection cover 374 to the direction of the discharge hole, and finally automatically discharged from the shell discharge port 315.

[0036] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacements or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the present application and according to the technical solutions and inventive concept of the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A nut kernel and shell crushing device, comprising a machine base (10), characterized in that: It also includes a second crushing mechanism (20) and a first crushing mechanism (30) mounted on the machine base (10). The first crushing mechanism (30) initially crushes the kernels while removing the fibrous shells, and the second crushing mechanism (20) further crushes the initially crushed kernels. The first crushing mechanism (30) includes an assembly cover (31), on the bottom side of which is a crushing screen (36) for screening small kernel particles. On the upper side of the crushing screen (36) is a swinging crushing assembly (35) for crushing only kernels. The crushing assembly (35) includes multiple fixed discs (354) arranged side by side. The fixed discs (354) are fixedly connected in series by assembly rollers (351). The outer side of the fixed discs (354) is connected by multiple circumferentially arranged... The spring (355) is elastically fitted with a crushing roller (353). The pressure of the crushing roller (353) on the kernel and shell mixture on the upper surface of the crushing screen (36) is less than the pressure of crushing the fiber shell and greater than the pressure of crushing the kernel. The crushing roller (353) swinging on the upper side of the crushing screen (36) only crushes the kernel in the kernel and shell mixture. The kernel with a smaller diameter after crushing is screened by the crushing screen (36), while the uncrushed fiber shell is left on the crushing screen (36).

2. The nut kernel and shell crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly cover (31) includes a horizontally arranged outer cylinder (311), with side covers (312) fixed on both sides of the outer cylinder (311). A swing roller (33) coaxial with the outer cylinder (311) is rotatably supported between the two side covers (312) by a support frame (313). The crushing screen (36) is assembled on the lower side of the outer cylinder (311). The fixed plate (354) is rotatably connected to the assembly roller (351) through a hanging frame (332) and is assembled below the swing roller (33). One end of the swing roller (33) is connected to a swing plate (331). A motor B (34) that drives the swing plate (331) to swing is provided on one side of the swing plate (331). A drive rod (341) is eccentrically connected to the output end of the motor B (34). One end of the drive rod (341) is eccentrically rotatably connected to the side surface of the swing plate (331).

3. The nut kernel and shell crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the crushing roller (353) and the upper surface of the crushing screen (36) are provided with a gap. The diameter of the screen hole of the crushing screen (36) is greater than the length of the gap and less than the radius of the fiber shell. The length of the gap is less than one-third of the diameter of the kernel.

4. The nut kernel and shell crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rolling roller (353) is circumferentially fixed with multiple pins (352) for rolling. The pins (352) are inserted into the fiber shell. The rolling roller (353) is provided with a shell removal assembly (37) on one side for removing the fiber shell on the surface of the pins (352).

5. The nut kernel and shell crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shell removal assembly (37) includes a shell removal component for removing the fiber shell from the surface of the insert (352) and a receiving component for receiving the fiber shell removed by the shell removal component.

6. The nut kernel and shell crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shell removal component includes a vent hood (371), on the lower surface of which a jet pipe (372) and a stop pin (373) are fixedly mounted and suspended on one side of the rolling roller (353). The air outlet of the jet pipe (372) is aligned with the surface of the rolling roller (353). One end of the vent hood (371) is connected to an air pump (38) through an air supply pipe (381).

7. The nut kernel and shell crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The receiving component includes a collection cover (374) located below the stop pin (373). The collection cover (374) has a rubber pad (375) on the side near the rolling roller (353). The upper side of the rubber pad (375) is suspended on the side of the rolling roller (353) by multiple pull ropes (376).

8. The nut kernel and shell crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side cover (312) has an outlet (315) on one end of the movement path of the collection cover (374). The outlet (315) has a guide plate (316) for guiding the discharge. The collection cover (374) has a discharge hole that is movably connected to the outlet (315) at one end near the outlet (315). The jet pipe (372) has an air jet angle that is inclined toward the discharge hole.

9. The nut kernel and shell crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper side of the outer cylinder (311) is provided with a feeding assembly (32) for quantitative feeding. The feeding assembly (32) includes a feeding box (321). A feeding roller (323) is rotatably mounted at the communication position between the feeding box (321) and the outer cylinder (311). A plurality of feeding grooves (324) are circumferentially opened on the surface of the feeding roller (323). One end of the shaft of the feeding roller (323) is connected to a motor A (322) that drives it to rotate.

10. A nut kernel and shell crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (311) is provided with a feeding hopper (314) connected to the second crushing mechanism (20) below the crushing screen (36). The second crushing mechanism (20) includes a crushing box (21), a crushing blade (22) rotating inside the crushing box (21), and a discharge port (23) on the lower side of the crushing box (21). The feeding hopper (314) is connected to the crushing box (21).

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